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Phân tích học thuyết tạo động lực - ứng dụng thực tiễn Quận Ủy Ngơ Quyền Hải PHịng page Table of Contest I Overview of Needs Maslow theory Basic needs Demand for safety Social needs 4 Needs to be respected 5 Self-improvement needs II The theory of two-factor system of Frederic Herzberg .6 III The relationship between the two theories III Contact us at the working practices About the agency where I work .8 Organizational Structure 2.1 Advantages of organizational structure 2.2 Limitations exist The motivation to work at my agency 10 Limitations in creating motivation 10 IV Solutions to improve the negative on 11 Gives employees a sense of responsibility 11 Demonstrate respect .12 Accept everyone .12 Transparent path of advancement for people 12 CONCLUSION 13 REFERENCES LIST .13 Human activity is purposeful activities So Manager always looking for ways to answer the question as to the employee work and motivate to work Motivation is desire and willingness of employee to improve all them efforts to get the achieve or specific results So, The motivate being comes from the personal of human People in different positions, different psychological characteristics, It will have different disire goals From the reason, motivate of every human is different, so managers need to have a different impact to each employee Some theory of work motivation: Maslow's needs theory, The two-factor theory of systems of Frederic Herzberg, the theory of the nature of the MC Gregor, Herzberg two-factor theory, expectations theory, theory of fairness, intrinsic motivation theory of Hackman and Oldham Here are two theory about work motivation: Maslow’s needs theory, The twofactor theory of systems of Frederic Herzberg In according to clarify the relationship between the two theories I Maslow's Needs Theory Psychologist Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) is considered one of the pioneers in the school of humanistic psychology According to Abraham Maslow, human needs in accordance with the hierarchy from low demand to high demand When a group of needs is satisfied, this needs no motivation anymore Maslow arranged human needs according to five levels: - Basic needs - Safety needs - Social needs - Esteem needs - Self- actualizing needs Basic needs Basic needs is the needs can maintain human in Life( foods, clothing, water, housing…) A Slow think that when the demand has not been satisfied to necessary to maintain life, it can not impulse people The physiology needs are basic needs and strongest of human In the Piramid, these needs is basic level Maslow's theory suggests that the most basic level of needs must be met before the individual will strongly desire the secondary or higher level needs Safety needs The second level of needs involves an individual’s need for security, protection, and safety in the phusical and inter-personal events of daily life Safety and security needs in both physical and mental People want protection for their survival from the danger This needs to become the engine operation in the event of an emergency, danger to life as war, natural disasters and encounter wild animals This demand is often confirmed by the desire for stability in life, to live in the neighborhood security, social life in the law, have a house to stay, Many people seek covered by the beliefs, philosophy is also due to security needs, this is the search for emotional security The social insurance regime, the regime of retirement savings plans to spend, is also the safety needs Social needs The third level of needs is associated with social behavior It is based on an individual’s desire to be accepted as part of a group and includes a desire of love and affection People is member of society, they need to be accepted by others People alway have needs of love and attachment This level shows that pepole need to comnmunication to develop Maslow classified this demand after above needs, but he insisted that if this demand is not met, meet, it can cause severe emotional, mental Many recent studies also show that people who live alone often suffer from diseases of the digestive, nervous, respiratory distress than those who live with their families We also know that: loneliness can easily kill humans Many new age of selected major roads left this world on the grounds that: "The people around, no one understands me!" Esteem needs The fourth level of needs relates to an individual’s need to respect, recognition, and pretige and involves a personal sense of competence According A Slow, When Human was being satifyed the needs began the member of society , They will be tend to self- esteem and want to be respected These demand leads to satisfaction, such as: power, pretige, status and confidence In Labor System, The things very important is Human’ desire to receive the attention, care and respect from arround Therefore, people wish a high survival and respect Self- actualizing needs This is the fifth and highest level of needs Needs of this level are associated with an individual’s desire to reach his full potential by growing and using his abilities to the fullest and most creative extent People found themselves need to some work on their interests and only when the job is done, they feel satisfied Arrangement needs theory human needs from low to high The higher-level needs will be satisfied when the lower-level needs are met Thus according to this theory, the first leaders to pay attention to the physical needs, on the basis that gradually increase to the higher demand An individuals move higher in corporate hierarchy, they may see higher- order needs as being more important than those of lower order Needs may also vary based on career stage, organizational structure and geographic location The hierarchy of needs could also lack effective application in different cultural contexts Certain cultures may value social needs over psychological and safety needs In addition, the theory necessitates that a manager be able to identify and understand an employee’s needs This is not always easy and can lead to inaccurate assumptions Taken in the proper context , however recognizing the improtance of needs is a useful method for conceptualizing factor of employee motivation and thus being able to direct an organization behavior II The theory of two-factor system of Frederic Herzberg This is a motivational theory based on the elements that make up the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of the people in the job According to the factors that were divided into two groups Group promoting factors: Includes factors create satisfaction of the work of the employees such as: achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility and advancement Group elements remain: Include the organization's policies, governance, monitoring of working conditions, human relations, safety and wages According to the maintenance factor is not the driving force, it is characterized by the condition factor If they exist in a work environment with a number of high quality and they not lead to satisfactory but does not have the effect of promoting or bring satisfaction However, without the existence of them will lead to dissatisfaction According to motivate your employees at work should emphasize the motivating factor Although still limited, Herzberg's theory is also important in motivating employees From this theory helps managers to pay more attention to both factors, a combination of two factors to motivate employees III The relationship between the two theories From a theoretical basis we can find the relationship between the two theories (Theory and Motivation Maslow's Needs and two-factor theory of Herzberg) relationship that can be represented by the following diagram BEHAVIOR Stimulus Goal Motivate of needs Maslow pointed out in every human being has always been and it needs to be divided into five ladder from low to high Herzberg stressed two factors that promote and maintain When people have already satisfied this element, they will arise demand higher demand than before However, they have still to maintain previos demand, then they will be satisfy any demand The goal they set out to meet higher demand Their needs and motivations associated with goals that they set will constitute their behavior So, The companies have a policies that ensure good employees will stimulate workers eager to work Their behavior will have a positive impact on the operation enterprise of the companies If the regime's policy without discussion enterprises meet the demand for workers will not be able to stimulate their enthusiasm to work Maslow's theory has been widely recognized, especially in management and administration It is accepted by the logic and the ease with which people can use intuition to understand this theory Maslow's hierarchy of needs system used by many managers as a guiding tool to motivate employees However, Maslow’s theory are still some limitations This theory is only true of the Western countries is for some countries due to the traditional view should be aware of the needs will change This requires managers need to know what needs to satisfy before, that satisfy the following needs and find ways to meet those needs appropriately Frederic Herzberg theory showed that besides the physical benefits such as salaries, bonuses are also a variety of other factors motivate employees as a promotion, work itself, achievement, shall all have a direct impact on the labor force When employees feel their job, their responsibility for the organization and feel more respect they will be responsible for working with the enthusiastic fervor and more efficient IV Practices About the agency Ngo Quyen District is the city of Hai Phong city, plays an important role in the field of socio-economic and political-defense, the security of Hai Phong 2.The organizational structure Ngo Quyen consists of 13 wards and 13 related departments 2.1 Advantages • Các phận quan phân chia rõ ràng chức năng, nhiệm vụ phận • The parts of the body are clear division of functions and responsibilities of each department • Đội ngũ cán quản lý hầu hết người có trình độ kinh nghiệm quản lý nhiều năm • Team managers are mostly qualified and management experience in many years • Các phịng ban chun mơn phối hợp nhịp nhàng q trình làm việc • The specialized departments coordination in the process of working 2.2 Limitations exist Staff is not even on the professional level because there are many cases of child workers in the agency should be no difference in the distribution of work for each person leads to many conflicts in relation to colleagues and work The relationship between old employees and new hires also be local, is still limited, the former employees limited protection, guidance for new employees Led to the push, feel ugly together, causing discord and delay the process of coordinating work Behide, The officers and employees of the agency continued to a job in a long time, they will get bored and not interested in the job anymore Everyone working with mood indifference, apathy, they make irresponsible in job This is a common practice in the workplace, but little attention to managers 3.The motivation to work Interested in the spirit, the life of the employees in the agency district People's Committee Ngo Quyen very interested System organizes annual vacation units for officers and employees in the agency on summer breaks Care, timely to taste-joy cases in agencies Provide the equipment necessary for the best work, such as: Laptop, Ipad, Iphone, for leaders, managers longtime in work to promote a sense of responsibility and expressed an heart of leadership Bachelor employees in agencies regularly attend training sessions, training courses to enhance the professional services There is also the reward policy for the good work, perennial and initiatives or have a initiatives in job Limitations in creating motivation With these dynamics at work on the method, besides that there are still limitations in creating motivation for the staff members are: Although there have been favorable policies, reward and encourage good for those who work and have the initiative or at work But only the emotional incentives and in each case but no one specific process clear and timely Frustration and boring in the work of many employees is increasing For example, they not feel any of the managers have been listening to the concerns, their concerns, their suggestions and complaints; them feel that they are crashing into the position where without any promotion prospects; their depressed because of too monotonous tasks and single, they are not motivated, encouraged to perform new tasks or new responsibilities in the agency, they only all received negative feedback Negative feedback can cause very negative results if which employees feel a lack of capacity or can not control The civil servants in State always rivalry to each other of rights and obligations not appearent but still underground phase curtain cause disunity, internal divisions Where agency, any people have hight apprehensive , but only use the technical staff, highly qualified managers will be detrimental to the body The positions corresponding to their technical level is very less, as many not have a reasonable position, they certainly will not be pleased So, the motivation to solve problems competing against each other seemed to improve job performance on the outside V Solution Arts motivate employees is synonymous with the use of available resources and methods to persuade someone to work harder or maximize a knack for the work they are doing To motivate themselves can be carried out in every situation, with more flexible methods Gives employees a sense of responsibility Make specific policy guidelines clearly defined for individuals and closely examine the work to the individual officials and employees in the agencies understand their responsibilities and more uplifting more responsibility for the work When employees are appreciated and respected for what they have contributed, they will be grateful and relentless dedication Agency leaders can directly or indirectly point out that through the recognition and response time, through various forms voted employee of the month Leadership belief is also a way of showing respect and contribute to improving the employee's sense of responsibility for the agency Respect If employees are working in an environment full of encouragement seems to arise more innovative ideas They will develop their dynamism to adapt to changes in the workplace;, and thereby make it more attractive and create more dynamic and motivated to strive for positive staff more work because they feel they are respected Accept everyone Create working conditions as well as the best time for the staff in the balance between work and family in a harmonious way, managers or leaders in the agencies try to accept concessions with cases such as staff leave the family with the essentials such as hospitality, joy Transparent promotion path for everyone Employees who also desire to progress in their careers Therefore, leaders should set clear direction advancement for all employees as providing qualified staff to lead planning , it is an encouraging employees more eager to strive and dedication 10 To encourage and motivate skilled employees, managers or leaders need to research and find out the specific needs of their employees and take effective measures to meet, which means that they need to know "the way"employees properly and intentionally A newly recruited staff are in need of employment and income base, the creation of employment opportunities and income for the employees themselves are the top issues that need attention As an employee has had "seniority 'in the work of maturity and accumulated quite a lot of work experience were paid high wages, the employee needs to achieve the position, position business or organization The promotion of new work positions in a higher position than the current staff will encourage people to work with enthusiasm and be more effective CONCLUSION Apply the knowledge learned into practice in my body working is easy to see the advantages and drawbacks as well as draw the measures to improve the operation of the agency I found the course Management of organizational behavior course really useful for those who the work of organizations and individuals in agencies and organizations Sincerely thank Dr Tran Van Binh, along with the teacher's lecture helped me understand and have a deeper knowledge of this subject REFERENCES LIST Document Management Organizational Behavior by Dr Tran Van Binh Website: http://tailieu.vn Management of organizational behavior, the authors Nhut Huynh Nghia-University of Finance 11 ... that the most basic level of needs must be met before the individual will strongly desire the secondary or higher level needs Safety needs The second level of needs involves an individual’s need... themselves need to some work on their interests and only when the job is done, they feel satisfied Arrangement needs theory human needs from low to high The higher-level needs will be satisfied... need to research and find out the specific needs of their employees and take effective measures to meet, which means that they need to know "the way"employees properly and intentionally A newly