THE PAST PERFECT TENSE 1.Form: S +HAD +Vpp(Vpt2) 2. She had chosen a place by then She had been there twice - She hadntbeen there twice ? Had she been there twice? Yes,She had/No,She hadnt 3.Usage: a.Diễn tả hành động xảy ra trớc một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ By 2007 I had greduated from secondary school b.Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trớc một hành động khác trong quá khứ đơn(q khứ hoàn thành xảy ra trớc HĐ ở quá khứ đơn) She had had dinner yesterdayevening. Then she went to bed =She had had dinner before she went to bed =After she had had dinner ,she went to bed c.Vowis BY (vào thời thời điểm đó trong quá khứ ,hành động đã hoàn thành songtrớc đó) Yesterday Iwoke up before 5 = By 5 yesterday, I had woken up d. Với when( diễn tả 1 hành động xảy ra trớc 1 hành động khác) She left the house ,then I came =When I came to the house ,she had left =By the time I came to the house , she had left L u ý : +When Icame to the house she left(2 hanhf động cùng xãy ra ) +when the film finished ,I left the movie +When I came,she was reading a book +When I come to HA LONG ,I will phone you When she was young , she used to play with toys (now she doesnt) e. No sooner than ngay khi No sooner had I left than the film finished f. Already/yet /ever/never dùng nhấn mạnh hành động xảy ra trớc student thời điểm trong quá khứ Yesterday I ate pork, I had never eaten it before Lan didnt go to the movie yesterday,she had already gone to HP EXERCISE SIMPLE PAST OR PAST PERFECT 1. They (go) home after they (finish ) their work 2. She said that she (already/see) .Dr Rice 3. WhenI (come) to the stadium ,the match (already /begin) ,so I only( see) the last part of the match 4. Lastweek,they(tell) .me they (not eat) such kind of food before 5. He( ask) me why we( come ) so early 6. After they (go) ,I (sit ) down and (rest) . 7. Before he (watch) TV,he (do) .his homework 8. After taking a bath ,he (go) to bed 9. What he (do) when he(be ) young ?Before he (attend) .secondary school , he (work) .as a begger 10.What he (do ) before he leave) .LonDon? 11.It was the first time I(ever/see) such a beautiful girl MIXTURE; 1. Ever since the day I(decide) to move to London,I(worry) Whetherthe dicisionI (take) was the right one .As I(already/sell) .my house and (arrange) .a new job, it is too late (change) my myif I mind(sell) it.However,since then I(hear) a lot of negative things about(live) in the capital and lately some of them (begine) . (bother) me .I(grow) .up in a small town and I have spent all my life (live) .there. 2.A friend ofmine,Nelson,(presently/work) in the international sales divsion at an etronic firm . She (just/return) From a trip to Japan .She (be) asked to go there because she can speak Japanese . For 4 years , she (never/have) an opportunity (use) her Japanese until she( go) .to Tokyo last month . While she (be ) . There ,she (speak) .Japanese evrydayand she( enjoy) .it very much of it 3.Mary(have) to go to New York last week,but she almost(miss) .the plane .She (stand in the queue at the ceck-in desk when she suddenly(realize) .that she (leave) her passport at home .fortunately ,she (not/live) very far from the airport so she (have) time (go) back home (get) the passport. She (get) back to the airport just in time for her flight 4.While I(walk) across the campus the other day , I(meet ) my old friend, John , whom I( not/see) since july 10. Naturallywe(stop) (talk) .to each other for a few minutes . I asked how he (do) in his classes this semester 5.Short after the war, my brother and I (invite) (spend) .a few daysholidaywith an uncle who (just/return) from abroad. He (rent) .a cottage in the country, although he rarely (spend) much time (go) sightseeing there. We (understand ) the reason for this after our arrival. The cottage (have) no comfortable furniture in it ,many of the windows (break) and the roof (leak) ,making the house damp VERB INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO 1.Sau một số động t tình thái; see, watch,hear feel, chỉ việc đã hoàn thành (khác với Ving chỉ việc đang sảy ra ) I saw him cross the street>< I saw him crossing the street 2.make sb do st bất ai làm gì ; Mr Kien make us do many exercises 3. Sau tất cả các Modal verb: He will practises E 4. MÉu c©u: - Let sb do st - Help sb do st - Have sb do st 5. Ued to +Voto: He used to play tennis when he was young 6. Sau giíi tõ chØ môc ®Ých:so as to = in order to +Voto - ®Ó He went to England in order to learn E TO INFINITIVE(Vto) ®éng tõ nguyªn thÓ cã to ®îc dïngtrong nh÷ng trêng hîp sau: 1. Hai ®éng tõ ®i liÒn nhau,sau mét sè ®éng tõ: Want, need, remember, forget, promese, wish, hope, prepare, would like, decide………………… I want to post some letters Remember to do your homework 2. Trong c¸c mÖnh ®Ò chØ môc ®Ých: He went to the library to borow some books 3. Sau c¸c tÝnh tõ:sure , happy, glad, kind, rea®y, able …………………… You will be able to see the earth 16 times a day if you are in orbit It is difficult to do this E test 4. Trong cÊu tróc:too + adj+Vto,/ adj +enough +Vto,/ enough +n+Vto The test is too difficult for him to do He is not strong enough to take the table 5.cÊu tróc: . move to London,I(worry) Whetherthe dicisionI (take) was the right one .As I(already/sell) .my house and (arrange) .a new job, it is too late (change) my. international sales divsion at an etronic firm . She (just/return) From a trip to Japan .She (be) asked to go there because she can speak Japanese .