THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH SHELLS V4, DONOVAN 1804

THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH SHELLS, INCLUDING FIGURES and DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE SPECIES HITHERTO DISCOVERED GREAT BRITAIN, IN SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED IN THE LINNEAN MANNER, WITH SCIENTIFIC AND GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON EACH, VOL aogfe^g By E jjft IV gji i >a«« i— i DONOVAN, F.L.S AUTHOR OF THE NATURAL HISTORIES OF BRITISH BIRDS, INSECTS, &C &C -ằ#â;5 O -*^0 *â*ằ LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, AND FOR F AND C RIVINGTON, No BY BYE AND LAW, 62, ST ST JOHN'S 1802 PAUL'S CHURCH-YARD; SQUARE, CLERKENWELL /\a > :c, k, NEW Y08K .cu ?AL A H^> THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH SHELLS, PLATE CIX\ MUREX CARINATUS CARINATED MUREX GENERIC CHARACTER Spiral, rough The aperture ending in a strait, and somewhat produced gutter or canaliculation CHARACTER SPECIFIC AND SYNONYMS Tail patulous : ridges; Shell oblong, of six spires, first spire ventricose Murex Carinatus : testa with two smooth patulo-subcaudata oblonga sex laevibus bicarinatis semicircular;' a spiral Aperture semi-circular ; : anfractibus primo ventriccso, apertura > y PLATE Murex With carinatus, angulated tricose The longed to the From Cabinet Pom 123 sp 96 A p the annexed Plate in the British it two one it, Portland the is unique formerly be- it ; Duchess of Portland, by whose permission Mr late Pennant described figures of Length near four aperture semicircular Br Zool T shell figured in body ven- the five or six spires, the spires rising into angulated ridges : inches The CIX^' in Plate 77, This author has given Zoology and the other in the Frontispiece of the fourth volume The existence of this species being only proved by a solitary speci- men, various conjectures have arisen amongst Conchologists respecting it Some have been others as a Antiquus inclined to admit shell as an How argue that far we may it many cannot be a distinct species, because only is absurd ; one since the ex- other species has been asserted upon the evidence of obvious as mi?ht be at first relation to its raised into tubercules, smooth and even, nor Murex antiquus It certainly imagined die general outline, but the ridges of fectly and critical Naturalist- a single specimen only, and pletely species, be authorized to abide by the former of the kind has been hitherto found, istence of undoubted mere accidental variety of growth of the Linnsean Murex opinion must rest with the To it is not so approaches Murex Antiquus is it in most com- whereas those of Carinatus are peris there that strict correspondence in the angulations of the contour in general that should induce us to consider it a variety of Murex Carinatus PLATE moment In deciding a question of some it logist, the difference between the We be more easily discriminated not absolutely is North known a British shell as and has been supposed Seas, Linnaeus, It is is a very different shell, and whose name now it ; inhabit to it is shells may- that the a native of the some of the remote The Murex Antiquus by no means uncertain from ; what allied part of our coast the Pennant is cannot dispute that her Grace received inserted two to of that of bears Portland received this shell was Concho- must however observe, northern islands of the British dominions Pennant to the English has been thought advisable to cive an additional Plate of Murex Antiquus, by which latter CIX upon her authority it o but we as a British shell, since in the British A Duchess of silent in this respect, Zoology it •at '-' no :\ 143 / f PLATE CXLIII BULLA PATULA PATULOUS BULLA GENERIC CHARACTER one end, suboval Shell rather convoluted at Animal Limax : aper- ture oblong SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND SYNONYMS Shell ovate, smooth, and somewhat beaked base produced and sub-umbilicated Bulla patula : both ends at : testa ovatalaevi sub-birostri that at the ; lip entire : basi production sub- umbilicata, labro integro Bulla patula Open B with one one end fuciform The much produced and aperture very patulous Penn Brit Zool V p 111 sp 85 Pennant seems to be the only author Da that Costa imagined, it was of the who has noticed from the description given by same kind as that which he this species that author, inserted in his British PLATE CXLIIL Conchology, under the name of Bulla, the Bubble (Aperta, Linn.) and the figure in the refers to work of Pennant in this instance he was much mistaken, fectly distinct and Costa was as Da Costa ; it two ; shell of the to but shells are per- appears certain, that the shell described by much unknown The for the accordingly Da Pennant, as that of Pennant was to latter is figured in Plate 120 of this work, and the true Bulla patula of the other is figured in the Plate annexed This we apprehend to be one of the rarest of the British hitherto discovered ; Pennant notes it from Weymouth, and for his specimen to the Portland Cabinet mouth likewise : our shell is from shells refers Wey- IM PLATE CXLIV NERITA NITIDA GLOSST NERIT GENERIC CHARACTER Animal Limax beneath : Shell univalve, gibbous, and aperture semi-orbicular, or semi-lunar truncated and : rather flat pillar lip transverse flattish SPECIFIC Shell spiral, CHARACTER smooth, white, and glossy spire rather : pointed : umbilicus half closed Nerita Nitida testa Isevi nivea nitida : spira sub-mucronata um- bilico semi-clauso Among the reserved shells intended tion of his Conchology, we Nerita, with a find MS memorandum, On this Costa for a second edi- this species of importing that he had received that the other vague authority, to insert the shell in the present Da two specimens of one of them from Mr Church, and sion before by Work, we was in his posses- did not think especially since it its incumbent habitat was PLATE not mentioned last ; CXLIV but the same kind was discovered, in the course of summer, upon the coast of Macleay, Esq and we Scotland, near Caithness, by A can no longer hesitate to insert it as an un- doubted British species In the annexed plate remarkable little shell, tioned in the it and work of any is is represented of the natural size It is a not to the best of our knowledge, men- author > INDEX VOL IV LINNiEAN ARRANGEMENT * MULTIVALVIA; Plate PhOLAS (Da Costa) dactylus, Candida - striata - - - - - - Fig 118 132 117 BIVALVIA CONCH^E - ovata Mya 122 —— glycymeris - antiquatus rusticum undata - - Chama Ostrsa Jacobaea • lineata z 140 - I2 "5 - - 121 130 - - cor lactea 124 124 -125 - borealis Area 114 123 - subtruncata —— - - ? - hians cancellata no - - Cardium edule Venus 142 - - - - - Tellina inaequistriata Mactra glauca - - Solen marginatus ——— - - - - - - - 134 - - - - - - - 135 j^j 116 INDEX _ Mytilus edulis —— — - ungulatus rugosus - - - - - - - _ - - - anatinus - Plate Fig 12 g 128 a 113 141 UNIVALVIA Bulla aperta —— cylindrica patula Voluta triplicata Murex carinatus _ — _ - - antiquus Trochus papillosus terrestris — Turbo dupiicatus - - _ - - - - - _ - Ncrita nitida Patella albida Sabella alveohta * tubiformis - _ - - _ _ - _ 138 109 127 131 136 ,44, _2o _ 143 112 - - r a -111 _ - 120 120 -119 - - _ Helix hortensis (Aspersa Gmcl?) —— arbustorum - 135 - - _ - *33 INDEX TO VOL IV ACCORDING TO HISTORIA NATURALIS TESTACEORUM BRITANNIA of DA COSTA PART I UNIVALVA NON TURBINATA GENUS PATELLA LIMPET, FL1THER, OR PAP SHELL, Plate Patella Fig «? - aibida PART II UNIVALVIA INVOLUTA GENUS Bulla aperta (Bulla — Da BULLA DIPPER - - - 120 i - - - - 120 a - - - - 143 Costa) - cylindrica (Penn.) "-—- patula (Penn:) N D I PART E X III UNIVALVIA TURBINATA GENUS THE TOP TROCHUS TERRESTRES LAND Plate Trochus in terrestrls * MARINE SEA Trochus papillosas 127 GENUS * 10 COCHLEA SNAILS LAND TERRESTRES Cochlea vulgaris ——— 13! unfaciata GENUS 136 12 NEEDLE STROMBIFORMIS MARINE * SNAIL SEA 112 Strombiformis bicarinatus ORDER BIVALVES GENUS Pecten Jacobaeus » lineatus PECTEN ESCALLOP *37 Fig INDEX GENUS ARCA, ARKS, OR BOATS * MARINE SEA Plate Area lactea (Da Costa) GENUS HEART COCKLE CARDIUM * MARINE SEA Cardium vulgarc ' rusticum ? GENUS * 11 FLUyiATILES MARINE SEA 123 128 ungulatus - 141 PART GENUS 13 * vol IV RIVER Mytilus vulgaris Chama magna 124 113 * rugosus 124 MYTILUS MUSCLE Mytilus Anatinus ' Fig 135 (hians Solander) III CHAMA MARINE GAPERS SEA 140 i INDEX GENUS 14- SOLEN SHEATH OR RAZOR SHELL Plate no Solen marginatus Chama-Solen ' 114 PART IV MULTI VALVES GENUS 16 PHOLAS PIDDOCKS Pholas dactylus 11S Candida 132 striata 117 11 'I Fig ALPHABETICAL INDEX TO VOL IV Plate AlBIDA alveolata, Sabella - anatinus, Mytilus - antiquus, - Cardium - - -115 - - 109 - - - - - - - - - 142 - - -131 * - Jacobsea, Ostrea - Area Mya * 128 140 - inaequistriata, Tellina nitida, Nerita 124 -125 - - 123 - - - 137 - - - -135 -116 - - - - - - - - - - - - - Trochus - - no 144 122 127 - - a -118 -112 - marginatus, Solen 132 134 - - » 130 - - - lineata, Ostrea izo -136 - - Mya patula, Bulla - - hortensis, Helix papillosus, - - Turbo glauca, Mactra ovata, - 114 1*9 120 - edulis, Mytilus lactea, JI - dactylus, Pholas Mactra *39 - - cylindrica, Bulla hians, - - Chama glycymeris, - - Murex - - - - Candida, Pholas edule, - « - - Venus duplicatus, - - - - Venus cancellata, cor, - Fig -129 • aperta, Bulla carinatus, - Murex arbustorum, Helix borealis, - - - antiquatus, Solen - - - Patella *43 INDEX Plate - rugosus, Mytilui - rustlcum, Cardium striata, - Pholas terrestris, Trochus Voluta - undata, Venus - - ungulatus, Mytilus - tubiformis, Sabella - - subtruncata, Mactra triplicata, _ - 1%/> _ - _ - 111 138 • - J - - - 121 END OF VOL - % -117 -126 - - Fig j,, 33 12S IV, Printed by Bye and Law, St John's Square, Clerlcenwell t ... critical Naturalist- a single specimen only, and pletely species, be authorized to abide by the former of the kind has been hitherto found, istence of undoubted mere accidental variety of growth of the. .. name now it ; inhabit to it is shells may- that the a native of the some of the remote The Murex Antiquus by no means uncertain from ; what allied part of our coast the Pennant is cannot dispute... had purchased them of Dr Lister had not seen any of them fishermen it admitted as a British shell upon the authority of is who CXII a pelagian shell, or the Scarborough alive, one of those which