THE NATURAL HISTORY OF BRITISH INSECTS VOL 10, DONOVAN

THE NATURAL HISTORY O F BRITISH INSECTS; EXPLAINING THEM IN THEIR SEVERAL STATES, WITH THE PERIODS THEIR OF TRANSFORMATIONS THEIR FOOD, OECONOMY, &c TOGETHER WITH THE HISTORY OF SUCH MINUTE INSECTS AS REQUIRE INVESTIGATION BY THE MICROSCOPE THE WHOLE ILLUSTRATED BY COLOURED FIGURES, DESIGNED AND EXECUTED FROM LIVING SPECIMENS By E — DONOVAN -rrraJO^O^ ' * LONDON: Printed by law and gilbert, et john's square, clerkenweiij For the Author, And tor F C and J Rivington, N° 62, St MDCCCI Paul's Church Yard, b ' A45t 37 [ ] PLATE CCCCL PHAL^ENA GRAMMICA FEATHERED FOOTMAN MOTH GENERIC CHARACTER Antennae tapering from the bafe at reft : wings when in general deflected Fly by night JBombyx SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND • , SYNONYMS Wings pale yellow : anterior pair yellow filiated with black ; lower ones with a black terminal band Phal^ena Grammica : alis Inteis poilerioribus Suec primoribus terminali ll34.—Amoen acad Fabr fp f A D icon : falcia t inf p flavis nigra t 3.f \QQ n 113 nigro / Ray Fn 31 Roef.4 Geoff?-, inf p p 115 n 17 92 ftriatis., Linn Inf p l6g n 23 t 21 Schctff and p 280 n 13 We introduce this elegant fpecies of the Moth tribe among the in- fers of Great Britain upon the moil fatisfatiory authority, having our» PL 38 ourfelves met with a living fome few years ago A T B CCCCL fpecimen of it in the Aland of Anglefea month This occurred in the day time, in the September, under the fliade of a little duller of itones and bullies near Manachty, the northern extremity of the ifland, and at no great tance from the road to It is not entirely Ray, but of dif- Gwyndy new as an Englifli infect, having been defcribed by the only inftance within our recollection, fince the time this is which any have meet with of that writer, in our country In Germany, and feveral others parts of Europe naturalift is faid to it iri it is not very unfrequent The fpecimen discovered by us prefented is ii the of the female kind, which from an exotic fpecimen ous infect, the tw is of the male fex, and upper part of the annexed we have is that re- The lower plate figure ventured to add, though taken in order to illultrate the hiftory of this curn o iexes of which differ fo materially that they might readily be miftaken for diftinct fpecies It rarely occurs to obfervation in the larva ftate pofed to feed on the afh, while others affirm that plaintain legs The The pupa larva is brown with a white : its by fome it is natural food dorfal iine, fup- is the and rufous ferruginous PLATE T E CCCLV P L A 78 the in the opportunity to perpetuate ment name, for the confidential freedom with as a fmall which its acknowledg- worthy owner has permitted us to defcribe and copy whatever that cabinet The fpecimen is in the Colto pofTefs exclufively happen might at all times lection of — Mr Francillon FIG II PHALiENA LITTERANA SPECIFIC CHARACTER Wings rhombiform : firft pair green, with little elevated tufts and black characters PHALiENA Litterana : alis rhombeis teribus atris fah Not Work, Em Syjl Linn : anticis viridibus Sjjl : charac- Nat 876 288.— T p 2.J> 271 unlike Phalaena Squamana, figured in a former part of this except in the black charafteriftic marks on the fuperior wings.—This is a very rare and beautiful little creature FIG PLATE CCCLV FIG 7g III PHAL^NA CYNOSBANA SPECIFIC CHARACTER Anterior wings dark brown, white Phal^ENA CynosBana: alis anticis fufcis PYRALIS CYNOSBANA Fab: Ent Tinea Cynofbatella Syjl Linn Linnaeus, and after him Geer and Merian our Fabricius, and fo far was deemed compliment in agreeing as it to It much to of Sdme that in in particular may fpecies, years fince, this collectors, arid named refpecled Aurelian Beckwithiana name, though generally adopted, and by which Linna2us had previoufly diftinguimed is which are is afcertain the by Engliih De the works of to De Geer genera Sv 1397* does in allrefpeits with theLinncean Cymjbana^ unavoidably reject that ; its a nondefefipt a that from leading miflead us as to the identity of InfecT; 368.— Fn refers Fab, 283; 167 for figures of this Infecl, neither Of opinion fufficient authorities tniferable, apicealbis Syjl b Nat 887 the tips at ; but we mult affign it it very common, and according to Linnaeus breeds in the buds of rofes H2 FIG PLATE 8o F I CCCLV, IV G PHAL/ENA EVONYMELLA, White Ermine Moth SPECIFIC CHARACTER Wings white, with about fifty black points inferior wings Tinea, with white upper wings and black points; brown —Tinea alis fuperioribus albis: nigris, inferioribus fufcis PhaLjENA EvOiNYMELLA: alis anticis pun&is Geoff, Inf 183 niveis : punftis 50 nigris, Linn Syjl Nat 885 350 Fn Sv 1363 Fab Ent Syji T 3, p % 289 12 Linnaeus confidered the two fpecies of Ermine Moths, and Evonymella, fufficiently chara&erifed on the fuperior wings To the the latter fifty on each wing fpots to Thofe who have attended Padella by the number of black firft he afligns twenty, and particularly to thofe fpecies are aware, by no means conftant, and may have frequently obferved even more fpots on one wing than the other in that the number of fpots are the fame individual, as occurs in the fpecimen we have figured has occafioned fome confufion between the two fpecies, and prefled forae doubts refpe&ing them in the defcription of This we ex^ one of the earlieft HATE earliefr plates in this work CCCLV Since that time portunities of afcertaining the admitting them as two fpecies two 8l we have had more op- kinds, and have no hefitauon Not that the Variation in the in number of fpots will allow us to admit the definition of Linnaeus unconditionally It may be faid that thofe on the P Padella are about twenty, and thofe on the P Evonymella fometimes amount to or more, and the colour of the fuperior wings latter is lighter fifty in the than the former In admitting this, mufl be changed as the true name Evonymella adopted the to Padella: in the ninth plate, and the Infect before us be confidered Evonymella FIG PHAL1NA V FALCATELLA Triangle-Marked Light Hook-Tip* SPECIFIC CHARACTER Wings hooked and at the a large triangular apex, whitifh, decufTated with obfeure bars* brown fpot PhaLjENA Falcatella: cufTatis on the poflerior margin alis falcatisalbis : fafciis obfeuris de* maculaque magna trigona marginis tenui- oris fufca Very fcarce and undefcribed* H * PLATE — 95 [ ] PLATE CXLIV PHALiENA VIRIDANA, Small Green Oak Moth Lepidoptera GENERIC CHARACTER Wings, Antennae taper from the bafe at reft in general defiexed when Fly by night ** Linn Tortrix SPECIFIC CHARACTER AND S Firft Wings pea TNO NT MS green Alis rhombeis, anticisviridibus Pyralis Phahena viridana culatis Syji Phalana feticornis Second Wings dufky — Fahricius Syji Ent 656 immaLinn Nat 875 266 fpirilinguis, humeris antennis flavefcentibus, latis, alis dilute fufcis.— Geo/ Reaum Inf 171 123 Inf tab 18 fig tab Roef Inf phal.4- I Frifch Inf tab Early in July we about the find this fpecies flying narrow paths ob erve^ o fljeUer where Oaks are plenty and lanl in as have the fohag generally among fuch trees itfelf in the day time, Uds It is J PLATE 96 CXLIV, thick and the bark covered with mofs, young trees fine filky In the Caterpillar web, fpun up on the &c and very feldom among ftate leaves lives it When it is concealed in a difturbed it drops from one branch to another, the glutinous fubftance of the thread adhering wherever it touches, fo that if it is damaged in any part the Infect is in no danger of failing, unlefs the laft fattening break? off The Caterpillar changes to the pupa ftate early in by a June fingle thread : the firft appearance of the Moth is commonly about the end of the fame month Tn England we have another fmall Moth (Phalasna Chloranaj which from at firft fight may be miftaken for Phalasna Viridana this Infect in feveral refpects the ftripe along the anterior to a cream colour than ; It differs Wings are whiter, and upper Wings incline more the under margin of the in our prefent fpecies ; the Caterpillar alfo is very different and feeds on the Willow LINN^AN ... fpecimen of it in the Aland of Anglefea month This occurred in the day time, in the September, under the fliade of a little duller of itones and bullies near Manachty, the northern extremity of the. .. infect, the tw is of the male fex, and upper part of the annexed we have is that re- The lower plate figure ventured to add, though taken in order to illultrate the hiftory of this curn o iexes of. .. with of that writer, in our country In Germany, and feveral others parts of Europe naturalift is faid to it iri it is not very unfrequent The fpecimen discovered by us prefented is ii the of the