Với Đề thi Olympic môn tiếng Anh 304 lớp 10 năm 2018 THPT Chuyên Nguyễn DuĐăk Lăk (có kèm đáp án) dưới đây sẽ giúp các bạn học sinh ôn tập củng cố lại kiến thức và kỹ năng giải bài tập để chuẩn bị cho kỳ thi sắp tới đạt được kết quả mong muốn. Mời các bạn tham khảo.
Trang 1TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN NGUYỄN DU – ĐẮK LẮK
I WORD CHOICE (5 pts)
Choose the best options to complete the following sentences
1 The man’s choice to run away virtually _to an admission of guilt
A resulted B came C amounted D added
2 Environmental pollution has _many species to the verge of extinction
A sent B thrown C brought D driven
3 After years of working together, the partners found themselves linked
A permanently B indelibly C perpetually D inextricably
4 It was decided that the cost of the project would be _and so it was abandoned
A repressive B prohibitive C restrictive D exclusive
5 Living by the ocean really _ your Once you‘ve lived there, you never want to leave
A came in/heart B get in/heart C run in/blood D came in/blood
6 Tamara has set her on becoming a ballet-dancer
7 Paul’s been in Alice’s bad ever since he offended her at the party
8 Knowing the confidential details gave him a(n) over the other candidates
A edge B possibility C exertion D fringe
9 He promised me an Oxford dictionary and to my great joy, he _ his word
A stood by B stuck at C wen back on D held onto
10 His new play is not only interesting but also unique It is really off the beaten _
II STRUCTURE AND GRAMMAR (5 pts)
Choose the word or phrase which host completes each sentence
1.John: "Our teacher Mr Jones, is not very flexible He always requires us to submit his assignments on time."
Trang 2Jack: " _ He should know that we have to learn many subjects.”
A I can’t disagree with you more B I can’t agree with you more
C That can be true D I am not with you here
2 The more expensive carpet is a good choice it will last longer
A by means of B due to C in that D in view of
3 There was no one downstairs: so he turned off the lights again and decided that she _imagined things
A must hate B should have C can't hate D needn't have
4 Little Deon: “This herb smells horrible!”
Mommy: , it will do you a power of good
A Be that as it may B Come what may
C How much horrible is it D Whatewr it smells
5 I've told him not to go out with those people, but he wouldn’t listen Just let him face the music now
6 _as taste is really a composite sense made up of both taste and smell
A That we refer to B What we refer to
C To which we refer D What do we refer to
7 _the water clear but also prevent the river from overflowing
A Not only the hippo s eating habits keep
B Keep not only the hippo’s eating habits
C The hippo’s eating habits not only keep
D Not only keep the hippo’s eating habits
8 Computer are said to be _for the development of mankind
C here to stay D neither here nor there
9 Did the minister approve the building plans? Not really, he turned them down _that the costs were too high
A in case B provided C on the grounds D supposing
Trang 310 It was such a loud noise _everyone in the house
A as to wake B that to wake C so as to wake D that waking
III PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (5 pts)
Choose the word or phrase which best complete: each sentence
1 He a big fortune when he was young, so he didn't have to work hard
A came into B came up C came across D came round
2 Are you taking all of these phrasal verbs?
3 The medicine takes one hour to _
A bear with B kick in C make out D get by
4 Have you _with your homework yet?
A gotten through B taken over C thought up D checked over
5 Jenifer _ the invitation to join us for dinner
A called on B come out C got out of D passed on
6 If he's clumsy, he can bump _ the desk
7 We can put you for a few days if you have nowhere else to live
8 Mary was astonished that she was for the counselor’s position
A got by B turned down C caught on D come to
9 After running up the stairs, I was breath
10 She nearly lost her own life _ attempting to save the child from drowning
IV COLLOCATIONS AND IDIOMS (5 pts)
1 I felt a bit _and seemed to have more aches and pains than usual
A out of sorts B over the worst
2 A: “Oh I'm exhausted! I’ve been doing homework all day.”
Trang 4B: “Come and put your _ up for 5 minutes and I’ll make you a cup of tea.”
3 His English was roughly with my Greek, so communication was rather difficult!
A levelled B on a par C equal D in tune
4 Although she had never used a word-proceesor before, she soon got the of it
5 I overslept this morning and caught the last bus to school by the skin of my
6 If you want a flat in the centre of the city, you have to pay through the for it
7 You will be putting your life on the _ if you take up skydiving
8 As far as her future goes, Olivia is She hasn't got a clue what career to follow
C behind the scenes D in the know
9 Your husband was a bit out of control at the party, to mildly
10 There is a large effort to rebuild arts education in the New York city public schools
A under way B a long way C out of the way D in the way
V READING COMPREHENSION (10 PTS):
Read the passages below and choose the best answer to each question
PASSAGE 1
They are just four, five and six years old right now, but already they are making criminologists nervous They are growing up, too frequently, in abusive or broken homes, with little adult supervision and few positive role models Left to themselves,
Trang 5they spend much of their time hanging out on the streets or soaking up violent TV shows By the year 2005 they will be teenagers – a group that tends to be, in the view
of Northeastern University criminologist James Alan Fox, “temporary sociopaths – impulsive and immature” If they also have easy access to guns and drugs, they can be extremely dangerous
For all the heartening news offered by recent crime statistics, there is an ominous flip side While the crime rate is dropping for adults, it is soaring for teens Between 1990 and 1994, the rate at which adults age 25 and older committed homicides declined 22%; yet the rate jumped 16% for youths between 14 and 17, the age group that in early ‘90s supplanted 18- to 24-year-olds as the most crime-prone And that is precisely the age group that will be blooming in the next decade There are currently
39 million children under 10 in the U.S., more than at any time since the 1950s “This
is the calm before the crime storm,” says Fox “So long as we fool ourselves in
thinking that we are winning the war against crime, we may be blindsided by this
bloodbath of teenage violence that is lurking in the future”
Demographics don’t have to be destiny, but other social trends do little to contradict the dire predictions Nearly all the factors that contribute to youth crime – single-parent households, child abuse, deteriorating inner-city schools – are getting worse At the same time, government is becoming less, not more, interested in spending money
to help break the cycle of poverty and crime All of which has led John J Dilulio JR., a professor of politics and public affairs at Princeton, to warn about a new generation of
“super predators”, youngsters who are coming of age in actual and “moral poverty”, without “the benefit of parents, teachers, coaches and clergy to teach them right or wrong and show them unconditional love”
Predicting a generation’s future crime patterns is, of course, risky, especially when outside factors (Will crack use be up or down? Will gun laws be tightened?) remain unpredictable Michael Tonry, a professor of law and public policy at the University of Minnesota, argues that the demographic doomsayers are unduly alarmist “There will
be a slightly larger number of people relative to the overall population who are at high risk for doing bad things, so that’s going to have some effect.” Norval Morris, professor of law and criminology at the University of Chicago, finds Dilulio’s notion
of super predators too simplistic: “The human animal in young males is quite a violent animal all over the world The people who put forth the theory of moral poverty lack a sense of history and comparative criminology.”
Yet other students of the inner city are more pessimistic “all the basic elements that spawn teenage crime are still in place, and in many cases the indicators are worse,” says Jonathan Kozol, author of Amazing Grace, an examination of poverty in the South Bronx “There is a dramatic increase of children in foster care, and that’s a very high-risk group of kids We’re not creating new jobs, and we’re not improving education to suit poor people for the jobs that exist.”
Trang 6Can anything defuse the demographic time bomb? For urges “reinvesting in children”: improving schools, creating after-school programs and providing other alternatives to gangs and drugs Dilulio, a law-and-order conservative, advocates tougher prosecution and wants to strengthen religious institutions to instill better values Yet the opposes the Gingrich-led effort to make deep cuts in social programs “A failure to maintain existing welfare and health commitment for kids,” he says, “is to guarantee that the next wave of juvenile predators will be even worse than we’re dealing with today.” Dilulio urges fellow conservatives to think of Medicaid not as a health-care program but as “an anticrime policy”
(Source: Time Magazine)
l Young children are making criminologists nervous because _
A they are committing too much crime
B they are impulsive and immature
C they may grow up to be criminals
D they have no role models
2 The general crime rate in the US is
A increasing B decreasing C not changing D difficult to predict
3 The age group which commits the highest rate of crime is
4 James Fox believes that the improvement in crime figures could
A make us complacent in the fight against crime
B result in an increase in teenage violence
C make us become fooled and blindsided
D result in a decrease in teenage violence
5 According to paragraph 3, the government _
A cutting down on the budget
B is doing everything it can to solve the problem
C is not interested in solving the problem
D is not doing enough to solve the problem
6 In comparison with James Fox, Michael Tonry is
A more pessimistic B less pessimistic
C equally pessimistic D indifferent
Trang 77 Jonathan Kozol believes that _
A there is no solution to the problem
B employment and education are not the answer
C employment and education can improve the situation
D people can solve the problem by improving schools
8 Professor Dilulio thinks that spending on social programs
A should continue as it is B should be decreased
C is irrelevant to crime rates D is a better solution to the problem
9 The word “lurking” in the paragraph 2 can be best replaced by
A happening B hiding C impending D looming
10 The sentence “This is the calm before the crime storm” means " _
A There will be population booming in in the next decade
B The age group committing crime most in the next decade is now under 10
C The age group 14-17 will commit the most crimes in the next decade
D People will be successful in dealing with the war against crime in the next decade
PASSAGE 2: For questions 1-6, read the text below and choose the correct heading for each paragraph 3-0 from the list of headings below (i-x) There are more headings than paragraphs Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes There is an example at the beginning (5pts)
HOW DOES THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TICK?
A Our life span is restricted Everyone accepts this as ‘biologically’ obvious ‘Nothing
lives for ever!’ However, in this statement we think of artificially produced, technical objects, products which are subjected to natural wear and tear during use This leads to the result that at some time or other the object stops working and is unusable (‘death’
in the biological sense) But are the wear and tear and loss of function of technical objects and the death of living organisms really similar or comparable?
B Our ‘dead’ products are ‘static’, closed systems It is always the basic material
which constitutes the object and which, in the natural course of things, is worn down and becomes ‘older’ Ageing in this case must occur according to the laws of physical chemistry and of thermodynamics Although the same law holds for a living organism, the result of this law is not inexorable in the same way At least as long as a biological system has the ability to renew itself it could actually become older without ageing; an organism is an open, dynamic system through which new material continuously flows Destruction of old material and formation of new material are thus in permanent
Trang 8dynamic equilibrium The material of which the organism is formed changes continuously Thus our bodies continuously exchange old substance for new just like
a spring which more or less maintains its form and movement, but in which the water molecules are always different
C Thus ageing and death should not be seen as inevitable, particularly as the organism
possesses many mechanisms for repair It is not, in principle, necessary for a biological system to age and die Nevertheless, a restricted life span, ageing, and then death are basic characteristics of life The reason for this is easy to recognise: in nature, the existent organisms either adapt or are regularly replaced by new types Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental conditions Immortality would disturb this system it needs room for new and better life This is the basic problem of evolution
D Every organism has a life span which is highly characteristic There are striking
differences in life span between different species, but within one species the parameter
is relatively constant For example, the average duration of human life has hardly changed in thousands of years Although more and more people attain an advanced age
as a result of developments in medical care and better nutrition, the characteristic upper limit for most remains 80 years A further argument against the simple wear and tear theory is the observation that the time within which organisms age lies between a few days (even a few hours for unicellular organisms) and several thousand years, as with mammoth trees
E If a lifespan is a genetically determined biological characteristic, it is logically
necessary to propose the existence of an internal clock, which in some way measures and controls the aging process and which finally determines death as the last step in a fixed programme Like the fife span, the metabolic rate has for different organisms a fixed mathematical relationship to the body mass In comparison to the life span this relationship is ‘inverted‘: the larger the organism the lower its metabolic rate Again this relationship is valid not only for birds, but also, similarly on average within the systematic unit, for all other organisms (plants, animals, unicellular organisms)
F Animals which behave ‘frugally’ with energy become particularly old for example,
crocodiles and tortoises Parrots and birds of prey are often held chained up Thus they are not able to ‘experience life’ and so they attain a high life span in captivity Animals which save energy by hibernation or lethargy (e.g bats or hedgehogs) live much longer than those which are always active, The metabolic rate of mice can be reduced
by a very low consumption of food (hunger diet) They then may live twice as long as their well-fed comrades Women become distinctly (about 10 per cent) older than men
If you examine the metabolic rates of the two sexes you establish that the higher male metabolic rate roughly accounts for the lower male life span That means that they live life ‘energetically’ more intensively, but not for as long
Trang 9G It follows from the above that sparing use of energy reserves should tend to extend
life Extreme high performance sports may lead to optimal cardiovascular performance, but they quite certainly do not prolong life
Relaxation lowers metabolic rate, as does adequate sleep and in general an equable and balanced personality Each of us can develop his or her own ‘energy saving programme” with a little self-observation, critical self-control and, above all, logical consistency Experience will show that to live in this way not only increases the life span but is also very healthy This final aspect should not be forgotten For question
l-6, choose the correct heading for paragraphs A-G from the list of headings below
Write the correct number, i-x, in the corresponding numbered boxes
LIST OF HEADINGS
i The biological clock
ii Why dying is beneficial
iii The ageing process of men and women
iv Prolonging your life
v Limitations of life span
Vi Modes of development of different species
Vii A stable life span despite improvements
viii Energy consumption
Ix Fundamental differences in ageing of objects and organisms
X Re air of genetic material
Example answer: Paragraph A: v
Your answers:
1 Paragraph B _
2 Paragraph C _
3 Paragraph D _
4 Paragraph E _
5 Paragraph F _
6 Paragraph G
Questions 77- 90, complete the notes below
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer
Trang 10 Objects age in accordance with principles of (7) _ and of (8) _
Through mutations, organisms can (9) _ better to the environment
(10) _ would pose a serious problem for the theory of evolution
VI GUIDED CLOZE TEST (10pts):
Read the following passage: and decide which option A, B, C or D best fits each space
PASSAGE l
The coolest kids in Europe shale a single (1) they want to get married, have children and live happily ever after They know it means (2) _ their children first and sticking with their spouses even if they slip out of love This news come from the report of a new study that (3) _ out to find the answer to the modem riddle: What will today's youth really, really want tomorrow?
Poignantly, one of the clearest answers is that they want to have happy families Even
in the most (4) _ countries there was condemnation divorce, demands that parents should keep their marriage (5) _ and admiration for stable couples
It appears that among the middle classes, the quality of our children's lives has suffered from the pressures on parents in high-stress professions In the days when the concept of 'quality time' first (6) , I remember seeing a TV producer on (7) _dial home on her mobile phone to read her son a bedtime story This is just not good enough
Quality time cannot be time (8) Children need unconditional time in the same way that they need unconditional love This study found a generation that had given up trying to (9) its parents' attention but was (10) _ to do better by its own children
1 A drive B eagerness C ambition D yearning
2 A putting B keeping C having D wanting
3 A made B aimed C looked D set
4 A loose B relaxed C generous D liberal
5 A oaths B vows C pledges D promises
6 A proceeded B revealed C emerged D rose
7 A site B place C situation D location
8 A organized B managed C controlled D disciplined
10 A determined B firm C persistent D stubborn