Các hợp chất hydroxy acid

Gọi tênCH 3 CHOH COOH CH 3 CH 2 CHOH COOH HO CH 2 3 COOH HO CH CH COOH CH 2 CH CH 2 COOH COOH HO COOH COOH C COOH Acid 2-hydroxypropanoic Acid lactic Acid 2-hydroxybutanoic Acid  -hyd

HYDROXYACID

1 Viết công thức:

Acid malic

HO C

CH 2

COOH COOH COOH

CH 2

CH OH

COOH

OH

COOH

CH

C 2 H 5

Acid -ethyl-1-hydroxycyclohexylacetic

HOOC

OH

CH 2 C CH 2 COOH

CH 3

OH COOH HO

Meglutol Acid 3-hydroxy-3-methylpentandioic

Acid gentisic Acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic

CH

CH 2

COOH COOH HO

2 Gọi tên

CH 3 CHOH COOH CH 3 CH 2 CHOH COOH HO (CH 2 ) 3 COOH

HO

CH

CH COOH

CH 2 CH

CH 2

COOH

COOH HO

COOH

COOH C

COOH

Acid 2-hydroxypropanoic

Acid lactic

Acid 2-hydroxybutanoic Acid  -hydroxybutyric

Acid 4-hydroxybutanoic Acid  -hydroxybutyric Acid 2,3-dihydroxybutandioic

Acid tartric-acid tartaric

Acid 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-propantricarboxylic

Acid isocitric

Acid diphenylpropandioic Acid diphenylmalonic

3 Thủy phân kiềm các hợp chất

CH 3 CHBr H 2 O/HO CH 3 CHOH

CH 3 CHCl H 2 O/HO CH 3 CHOH

CH 2

CH CH

CH 2

COOH HO

COOH

Acid  -bromopropionic

Acid  -clorobutyric

Acid  -clorovaleric

Acid monoclorosuccinic

5 Hoàn thành chuỗi p/ứ và gọi tên sản phẩm tương ứng

H +

Mg ether khan

C

Br

MgBr

COOEt Br

COOEt

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

CH COOEt

H 3 C

H 3 C

OMgBr

H 2 O/H +

COOH C

OH

Ethyl-2-magnebromid propanoat Ethyl-2,3-dimethyl-3-oxymagnebromid butanoat

2,3-dimethyl-3-hydroxybutanoic

H +

Mg ether khan

C

Br

MgBr

COOEt Br

COOEt

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

CH COOEt

H 3 C

H 3 C

OMgBr

H 2 O/H +

COOH C

OH

Ethyl-2-magnebromid propanoat

6 Tổng hợp acid  -hydroxypropionic từ:

a.

b.

c.

CO 2

H 3 O +

COOMgCl

CH 2

CH 2

CH 2

CH 2

HO

CH 2 CH 2

ethylen

acetylen

CH

HC HCl CH Cl KCN CH CN H 2 O/H + HO CH 2 CH 2 COOH

CH 2 CH 2

CH 2 CH COOH H 2 O/H +

Acid acrylic

7 Thực hiện phản ứng:

OH

CH 3

H 2 O/H +

COOH

CH 2 CH

OH

OH

b.

O

CH 2

CH 3

CH 3

CH 2

Br 2 / P

Br

CH 3

CH 3

CH

COOH

H 3 C

H 3 C

OMgBr

CH 2 OH

COOH

OH

CH

[O]

C 2 H 5 MgBr

C

c.

CN

CH 3

O

COOH

C

Cl

CH 2

[H]

OH CH

CH 3

O

COOH

CH 3 C

COOH OH

CH Ac 4 (Pb)

NaBiO 3

CH 3

O

CH 3 O

CH COOH

CH 3

C

COOH OH

O

O

CH 3

O O

H 3 C

t o

E

C

C

CH 3 CH 2 O CH 3 +

t o

O

CO 2

D

8 Viết sơ đồ tổng hợp fenclorac (thuốc kháng viêm) từ phenylcyclohexan

Br 2 / FeCl 3 Mg

ether khan

[O]

1) HCHO

H 2 O/H +

2) CH 2 OH CHO Cl 2 /FeCl 3

Cl

CHO

Cl

COOH OH

CH

H 2 O/H +

2)

Cl

1) 1) SO 2 Cl pyridin

2) H 2 O/H +

Cl

ONa

CO 2

p

COONa

t o ,

CO 2

p

COOK

t o ,

OH

ONa

OK

CO 2

K 2 CO 3

COONa

p

t o ,

COOK OH

H

C O O +

O

H O O C

OH

C O O