RECOMMENDATIONS TO PORT SERVICE PRICING FOR CONTAINER CARGOESIN THE PORT OF HAI PHONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING VIETNAM MARITIME UNIVERSITY STUDENT NAME: VU THI TUYET DISSERTATION GLOBAL STUDIES AND MARITIME AFFAIRS RECOMMENDATIONS TO PORT SERVICE PRICING FOR CONTAINER CARGOES IN THE PORT OF HAI PHONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY HAI PHONG – 2015 MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION MINISTRY OF EDUCATION & TRAINING VIETNAM MARITIME UNIVERSITY STUDENT NAME : VU THI TUYET CLASS : GMA02 STUDENT ID : 50101 DISSERTATION GLOBAL STUDIES AND MARITIME AFFAIRS RECOMMENDATIONS TO PORT SERVICE PRICING FOR CONTAINER CARGOES IN THE PORT OF HAI PHONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY Supervisor : MSc Hoang Thi Lich Division : Global Studies and Maritime Affairs Faculty : Economics HAI PHONG – 2015 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC PREFACE Port not only plays an important role in the circulation of goods but also becomes the gateway connecting nation with the world Thanks to the economic development and the increasing trade of goods among regions and countries, the port provides different types of services to meet the increasing demand of the international and national economy Port service price is one of the most essential nodes of port to attract more customers and enhance competitive ability, and port’s attraction depends significantly on not only service quality but also port service price Port service price is one of the concerned criteria which impacts to the satisfaction of customers who use the port services Therefore, port pricing is associated with the prediction of demand, investment decisions and developed strategies of port This dissertation will present and the price system and pricing method of the Port of Hai Phong joint stock company to meliorate the price system of the Port of Hai Phong Joint stock Company to strengthen competitive ability I am responsible for my report and ensure that this is my own If I violated about copyright infringement, I will be punished by university and department Student Vu Thi Tuyet VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC ACKNOWLEDGEMENT During the period of practicing time in the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company, I received the guidance from Master of art Hoang Thi Lich, leader and all the staffs of the Port of Hai Phong Therefore I acquired more knowledge for my dissertation and future job First of all, I would like to thank to instructor “Master of Art Hoang Thi Lich” who helped me and guide me a lot to complete this report I am looking forward to assessing and commenting from teachers for my report This helps my dissertation become better I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the leader and all the staffs of the Port of Hai Phong for the helps to my research, for their patience, motivation, and immense knowledge Their guidance helped me in all the time of research and writing of this dissertation VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC TABLE OF CONTENTS VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CFS Container Freight Station CY Container yard DWT Deadweight tonnage EU European Union FEU Forty-foot equivalent unit FIATA International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations IT Information technology JSC Joint Stock Company LCL Less than container loading MT Metric Tons NVOCC Non – vessel operating common carrier ODA Official Development Assistance TEU Twenty-foot equivalent units VIMARU Viet Nam Maritime University VINALINES Viet Nam National Shipping Lines WTO World trade organization VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1: Port services for ship and cargo………………………………………….4 Table 1.2: Direct services and intermediary services of port ……………………….4 Table 1.3: Advantages and disadvantages of each port pricing method ………… 11 Table 2.1: The navigation channel of the Port of Hai Phong …………………… 13 Table 2.2: Key area at berth of the Port of Hai Phong …………………………….13 Table 2.3: Equipment of the Port of Hai Phong Port Joint Stock Company……….15 Table 2.4: Cargoes throughput of the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company from 2011 to 2014……………………………………………………………………… 18 Table 2.5: The performance indicators of the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company in 2014………………………………………………………… ………20 Table 2.6: The domestic price and foreign price of warehousing service for general container……………………………………………………………………………23 Table 2.7: The price of warehousing service for reefer container…………………23 Table 2.8: Price of container handling of the Port of Hai Phong ….………………24 Table 2.9: The price of packing goods on container and withdrawing goods out of general container……………………………………………………………… .25 Table 2.10: The price of packing goods on container and withdrawing goods out of reefer container…………………………………………………………………….25 Table 2.11: Price of container weighing at the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company………………………………………………………………………… 26 Table 2.12: Price of container transport inside the port……………………………26 Table 2.13: Price of container inspecting………………………………………… 26 Table 2.14: The rate of salary deductions………………………………………….31 VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC Table 2.15: The price of container handling at the Port of Hai Phong JSC …………………………………………………………………………… 33 Table 2.16: The comparison between domestic price and foreign price of warehousing service for container…………………………………………………34 Table 2.17: The comparison between domestic price and foreign price of stevedoring service for container………………………………………………… 36 VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Organization diagram of the Port of Hai Phong JSC………… .16 Figure 2.2: Total cargoes throughput of the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company from 2011 to 2014………………………………………………………….………19 Figure 2.3: Total container throughput of the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company from 2011 to 2014………………………………………………………19 Figure 2.4: The comparison between domestic price and foreign price of warehousing service for general container…………………………………………35 VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC INTRODUCTION Necessity In the process of economic integration and globalization, liberalization of international trade, Viet Nam makes effort to implement open-door policy to enrich international relations Maritime sector plays a vital role in the development of the economy of country More than 90 percentages of imported and exported cargoes are transported by sea In addition, container is considered as a great revolution in the marine industry because transporting by container helps the volume of goods traded worldwide increase With the scientific and technological development, transporting containers on super vessels is no longer strange Annually, around 72% of containers throughput went to the southern ports of Vietnam and 26% of containers throughput went to the northern ports (Hong Van, 2009) However, with open-door policy and the rapid growth of seaports especially container terminals, Viet Nam still is not able to gain competitive ability compared to other ports in the region such as Singapore, Hong Kong and Bussan port… because of issues related to port service price for container cargo Port services pricing for container cargo has long been a controversial issue concerning a large number of ship-owners, shipping companies and ports There are several distinctive gaps in the price system of port services for container cargoes in the port of Hai Phong port joint stock Company in particular and in other ports of Viet Nam in general Firstly, the port service pricing for container cargo is not based on a systematic and specific method Secondly, there has existed the discrimination between domestic price and foreign price in the port services The disparity between domestic price and foreign price is considerable, leading to the inequality between domestic shipping lines and foreign shipping lines This alleviates the attraction of the Vietnamese ports in the context of economic integration and trade liberalization It is necessary that pricing port service for container cargoes need to study rigorously and deeply Via the study on systematic issues related to port services pricing for container cargo, I will refer to some recommendations to port pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong in order to not only ensure economic benefits for port and customers but also enrich competitive ability of port in the globalization era VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 10 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC In case k > 1: making profit In case k = 1: making breakeven In case < k < 1: Port considers all costs to adjust some costs to be suitable with market In this case, port reduces the some depreciation costs of repairing, and increasing cost of handling facilities to enhance handling capacity By the way of adjusting coefficient following market, port will not miss potential customers who cannot pay at initial prices but can pay at a lower price To sum up, port need to provide flexible price rather than fixed price of port to avoid missing customers 2.3 Evaluations to port service price system and port service pricing method for container cargoes of the Port of Hai Phong JSC 2.3.1 Advantages 2.3.1.1 Stable price system Stable price is one of the most advantageous factors attracting customers There was a stability in the price for container cargoes built by the Port of Hai Phong applying for container cargoes and cargoes-owners in a long period of time, there almost has no change in the service prices for containerized cargoes As can be clearly seen that the port price of service stevedoring for laden container remained stable over the period of times from 2011 to 2014 in the Port of Hai Phong JSC with handling modes: “Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf” Table 2.15: The price of container handling at the Port of Hai Phong JSC Types of containers 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Container ≤ 20’ Container 40’ 390,000 390,000 393,000 393,000 390,000 612,000 612,000 612,000 612,000 610,000 Container > 40’ 690,000 671,000 671,000 690,000 690,000 (Source: Domestic prices table of the Port of Hai Phong JSC) VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 43 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC 2.3.1.2 Concise pricing method The port of Hai Phong JSC made an effort to build up their owned price with a simple pricing formula The change of its legal forms brings many positive effects on port service pricing for container cargoes and had progress in port pricing, especially after the transformation from limited liability Company to Joint Stock Company Port can build up their owned service price following by price law This pricing method considered the costs for production combined with the fluctuation of the market as well as the competitiveness of neighboring ports In general, the pricing method of the Port of Hai Phong JSC is the combination between the average cost and market price 2.3.2 Disadvantages 2.3.2.1 Limitations of domestic and foreign pricing There has existed the discrimination between domestic price and foreign price in the port services The disparity between domestic price and foreign price is considerable, leading to the inequality between domestic shipping lines and foreign shipping lines This alleviates the attraction of the Vietnamese ports in the context of economic integration and trade liberalization The domestic Price for container handling is approximately 50% compared to foreign price for container handling The domestic handling price for empty container even was only 40% compared to foreign handling price for empty container The policy of domestic price and foreign price caused the inequality between Vietnamese shipping and foreign shipping; this reduces the attractiveness of Vietnamese ports Table 2.16: The comparison between domestic price and foreign price of warehousing service for container VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 44 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC Type of container The number of days container stored Foreign price Domestic price Domestic Price/ foreign Converted price into VND (%) (VND/ container) USD/ Container 11,000 1.27 28,402 38.73 16,500 1.53 34,217 48.22 8,000 0.9 20,127 39.75 12,000 1.08 24,153 50 16,500 2.3 51,437 32.1 25,000 2.9 64,856 38.5 12,000 1.5 33,546 35.77 18,000 44,727 40.24 Container ≤ 20’ ≤ 20 days Laden ≥ 21 days ≤ 20 days Empty ≥ 21 days Container ≥ 40’ ≤ 20 days Laden ≥ 21 days ≤ 20 days Empty ≥ 21 days (Source: The business department of the Port of Hai Phong JSC) VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 45 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC Unit: VND ≤ 20 days ≥ 21 days Figure 2.4: The comparison between domestic price and foreign price of warehousing service for general container Table 2.17: The comparison between domestic price and foreign price of stevedoring service for container VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 46 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC Type of containe r Handing mode Container ≤ 20’ Domestic price (VND/ container) Domestic Price/ Converted foreign into VND price (%) Foreign price USD/ Container Ship (barge)  CY Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf Ship’s hold  barge at Ha Long water area 500,000 48,00 1,072,000 46.64 390,000 31,00 692,000 56.36 220,000 19,00 424,393 51.8 Ship (barge)  CY Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf Ship’s hold  barge at Ha Long water area 260,000 28,00 625,421 41.57 200,000 21,00 469,065 42.64 120,000 13,00 290,374 41.33 Ship (barge)  CY 770,000 71,00 1,585,900 48.55 Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf 610,000 48,00 1,072,000 57 Ship’s hold  barge at Ha Long water area Ship (barge)  CY 330,000 29,00 647,758 50.1 400,000 41,00 915,795 43.68 Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf 290,000 30,00 670,094 43.28 Ship’s hold  barge at Ha Long water area 165,000 19,00 424,393 39 Ship (barge)  CY 890,000 82,00 1,831,591 48.6 690,000 53,00 1,183,833 58.3 Laden Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf Ship’s hold  barge at Ha Long water area 370,000 33,00 737,103 50.2 450,000 49,00 1,094,487 41.12 350,000 35,00 781,777 44.77 Empty Ship (barge)  CY Ship (barge)  truck, barge at wharf Ship’s hold  barge at Ha Long water area 200,000 22,00 491,402 40.7 Laden Empty Container 40’ Laden Empty Container > 40’ (Source: The business department of Hai Phong Port JSC) As can be clearly seen from the figure 2.4, the discrepancy between domestic price and foreign price in Hai Phong JSC was significant, in which the domestic price is VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 47 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC much lower than the foreign price The domestic price was equal to 50% - 60% foreign price in the same types of port services Specifically, the foreign price of warehousing service for laden container was as three times as the domestic price of warehousing service for laden container It is clearly seen that the table 2.17 shows the comparison between domestic price and foreign price of stevedoring service for container, the foreign price was much higher than the domestic price 2.3.2.2 Limitations of pricing method Insufficient pricing The pricing method of the Port of Haiphong does not reflect fully the costs of production activity It is mainly because the major funding sources for reinvestment of the port of Hai Phong have come from ODA capital of Japan Using ODA capital of the port of Hai Phong is not only scattered but also inefficient because of the poor management mechanisms, overdependence on ODA capital This leads to the inadequate pricing which does not reflect the cost for reinvestment The methods of port pricing have just referred to the labor costs, materials costs, electricity and water costs, utilities, and a little depreciation (depreciation is still symbolic), but not mentioned to estimated interest for reinvestment Other items such as the price for using land and water area, costs for security, cost for information technology, re-investment are not fully priced as they are too dependent on ODA for re-investment Implementation scope The port pricing of the port of Hai Phong for all branches is the same method; the price table is applied for all branches In other word, enterprises of the Port of Hai Phong JSC use the same price with the same kind of service without concerning the different levels of investment For example, all customers using container handling service will concentrate on the Tan Vu terminal rather than Chua Ve terminal because Tan Vu is a branches invested with advanced equipment which foster high productivity When the number of container stored at Tan vu will cause congestion in the Tan Vu yard Implementation time VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 48 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC Port service prices are generally fixed in a period of one year There are no changes in the prices Hence, there is no flexibility in price to meet the need of market If there is a new surcharge incurring in the process providing service for customers, the implementation time of new surcharge is too long because the business department of port must submits and informs to various relevant Agencies and Department, leading to decline competitiveness compared to other ports In addition, in the situation of incurring new modes of services, the branches must inform to the business department And then the business department report to general director before making decision on price for new modes of services Therefore it wastes much time to submit and make the decision to set up price for new services VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 49 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC CHAPTER III: RECOMMENDATIONS TO PORT SERVICE PRICING FOR CONTAINER CARGOES IN THE PORT OF HAI PHONG JOINT STOCK COMPANY 3.1 Recommendations to the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company 3.1.1 Recommendation to pricing method Port should set up prices concerning not only market factor but also re-investment factor to expand and develop port operation activities The methods of port pricing should cover not only the labor costs, materials costs, electricity and water costs, utilities, depreciation but also costs for using land and water area, costs for security, cost for information technology Especially, pricing method for container handling services need to be flexibly applied because of the fierce competition on prices between ports Pursuant to average costs calculated and market’ price surveyed in area, especially market share of each strategic cargo, price given to customer should match with reality The price of monopoly types of cargoes should be raised at a reasonable price, the price of competitive cargoes should be balanced based on average cost combined with market factor to create the largest competitiveness In general, each type of service should be priced in specific pricing method Determining the adjustment coefficients following the market price is based on the classification of goods, the competitive level of each kind of cargoes in the specific context and time, especially for highly competitive goods and monopoly good of port However, pricing must ensure the breakeven principle (k ≥ 1) because coefficient k ≥ will ensure that the service price is equal to costs or make profits If < k < 1, port should consider total costs to reduce incurred cost and unnecessary costs to avoid missing customers 3.1.2 Recommendation to implementation scope It is necessary to set up specific price tables for each branches of the Port of Hai Phong JSC Currently, all enterprises of the Port of Hai Phong JSC use the same price table at the same kind of service without concerning the different levels of investment From that situation, the Port of Hai Phong JSC should build up particular price table for each enterprise based on the level of investment which can VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 50 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC help the Port of Hai Phong JSC promote operation efficiency and competitive ability 3.1.3 Recommendation to implementation time Port should set up flexible price following each period of time The prices should not be fixed in a year to meet the need of market For example, in the situation of incurring new modes of services or serving new customer, the branches must inform to the business department and then the business department report to general director before making decision on price for new modes of services Therefore it wastes much time to submit and make the decision to set up price new services It is essential to create the proactive competent of enterprises under the port of Hai Phong JSC, especially the autonomy to decide prices, for example, enterprise can proactively decide to increase or decrease the price for new clients 3.1.4 Recommendation to pricing strategy In the actual situation and requirements of market competition, besides offering general fees, port should have incentive policies on price: - - - With the target: “keeping loyal customers and attracting new customers”, it is necessary to consider the relationship with traditional customers and potential customers For instance, discount of 5% of unit price for the first shipment of new customers Application of incentive policy on price with the commitment of the container quantity, such as discount 5% of the unit price for 2000 containers and 10% to cargoes-owner with over 4000 containers Offering lower prices during quiet periods to attract the flows of cargoes through the port However, applying discounts must avoid unfair competition State creates favorable conditions for the port operators setting up their owned price but in the process of implementation, many shortcomings emerged such as decreasing significantly service price compete Some ports set up price based on the price of other ports, from that port set up price which is lower than that of competition For example, some small ports drop the stevedoring price based on the price of major ports to entice customers Customers get the stevedoring price of the small ports to put price pressure on major ports This leads to the fierce competition between ports in the regions VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 51 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC In addition, the domestic Price of the Port of Hai Phong is approximately 50% compared to foreign price The policy of domestic price and foreign price caused the inequality between Vietnamese shipping and foreign shipping; this reduces the attractiveness of Vietnamese ports Ports should provide the same price policy for both domestic and foreign subjects with the payment in Vietnam Dong or foreign currency which is equivalent value This is the goal of integration 3.1.5 Recommendation to application of IT system It is useful to use information technology to manage price and calculate exactly the costs of port services Using computer software to calculate the cost of port services assists port calculates the relevant the cost components With pricing formula referred, port just enters the available functions to put the input data into computer for: Investment in infrastructure cost, equipment and facilities cost for loading and unloading material, the relevant costs, and the organizational modes such as modes of handling for laden container from ship, barge to container yard Based on the different modes of handling and kinds of services, port enters input into computer to calculate exactly price of service 3.2 Recommendations to authorities 3.2.1 Recommendation to the Ministry of Transport The Ministry of transport having the pricing authority for some port services should review and consider the pricing authority for some port service of the Ministry of finance pricing committee to avoid law overlapping or duplication in the price law The synchronization between the laws issued by Ministries can help state manage port service prices 3.2.2 Recommendation to the Ministry of Finance According to the draft of the Maritime law, some suggested reviewing the regulations on port service price with the price law, avoid deep intervention in the the pricing of port Ministry of finance should orient and issue floor price for some port services such as service price for boats, service of cargoes handling to avoid unnecessary interference of the state in market and unfair competition between ports 3.2.3 Recommendation to the Viet Nam seaports Association VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 52 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC One of the weaknesses of the port of Haiphong JSC in particular and other ports Vietnam in general is fragmented operation without linkage to each other The competition between domestic ports is early stage of competition, competing primarily by reducing price Even the members of the Vietnam seaports association are also fierce competitive on prices such as the port of Hai Phong and the port of Quang Ninh This leads to the breakdown in the balance of the market To enhance the attractiveness of Vietnam ports with the objective of ensuring productivity, quality, and reasonable price in the integration process in the region and the world Vietnam Seaport Association needs to link Vietnamese ports and organize consultations between the ports about prices to ensure that the interests of the port in the long term on the international market and avoid unfair competition CONCLUSION In conclusion, Vietnam’s seaports have significantly grown both in scale and size of the port, however, most of these ports set up prices based on original prices issued VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 53 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC by State management Agencies for their port pricing for the next few year This dissertation analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of port service pricing and the price system of the Port of Haiphong Joint Stock Company Form that, recommendations are offered to improve the port price system and port pricing to serve the production activities of the port and meet the need of competitive market In the context of the regional and international integration of the Port of Hai Phong JSC and Vietnam seaports, Topic “recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes at the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company” has accomplished the following problems: study service price system for container cargoes and the port pricing method of the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company Beside positive results of the research, there are several limitations in this dissertation in terms of the level of knowledge and experience It is hoped that this study will provide a deep insight on the importance of port pricing to the development of port VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 54 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC REFERENCES [1] Bennathan & Heggie (1979) Port pricing and Investment Policy for developing countries New York, United States: Oxford University Press [2] Board of management of the Port of Hai Phong on ODA project (2015, 11) The project to upgrade navigation chennel of the Port of Haiphong by ODA capital in phase III [3] Business law (2015) Business law with provisions in Document 4211/BKHDT-business registration, Decree 78/2015/ND-CP dated 11/01/2015 by Government [4] Chinese Government (2001, 12 11) Decree 335 on international shipping services in Chinese ports [5] Devinder Grewal, Vinh.Thai (2012) Improvement competitive ability of Vietnamese ports in the economic integration [6] FIATA - International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations (n.d.) Container Forwarding terms [7] Government (2003) Decree No 170/ 2003/ ND-CP of Government [8] Government (2013, 11 14) No.177/ 2013/ ND-CP [9] Hong Van (2009, 8) The poor seaport infrastructure have a negative effect on export [10] ISO (1991) No.668, container characteristics [11] M.A.Le Phuong Linh (2006) Mehtods of port pricing in the Port of Hai Phong to enhance competitive ability in the process of economic integration Hai Phong [12] MAERSK LINE (2015) Services and charges Retrieved http://www.maerskline.com/vi-vn/help/services-and-fees?i [13] Ministry of Finance (2008, 11 4) No.98/ 2008/ QD-BTC VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 55 from Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC [14] Ministry of Transport (2015, 9) Maritime law on port service price Handling price under price frame issued by State Management Agency [15] Port operation and management Department of Viet Nam Maritime University (2015) Port economics Hai Phong: University, Viet Nam Maritime [16] Port operation and management department of VIMARU (2015) Port economics Hai Phong: Viet Nam Maritime University [17] Price Law (2012, 26) No.11/ 2012/ QH13 [18] Secretariat, W (1991) Service sectoral classification list [19] Thai, T V.-D (2015, 11 2) Unfair competition of container stevedoring service (V T Tuyet, Interviewer) [20] The Port of Hai Phong (2015) Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company Retrieved from http://haiphongport.com.vn/vi/lich-su-va-truyenthong.nd/lich-su-truyen-thong.html [20] To Thuy Trang (2008) Reccommendations to port congestion [21] Value Added Taxes Law (2008) No.13/ 2008/ QH12 [22] Viet Nam Government (2001) Port service (10/2001/ND-CP) [23] Viet Nam Maritime Administration (2015) The Decrease in the price of Container Handling and its consequenses [24] Viet Nam National Shipping Lines (2013, 10 3) Viet Nam National Shipping Lines Retrieved from Ready berth clause – Waiting for berth clause [25] Viet Nam National Shipping lines (2014) No.118/ QD-HHVN (Vol 10) VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 56 Recommendations to port service pricing for container cargoes in the Port of Hai Phong JSC VU THI TUYET – GMA02 Page 57 ... The Port of Hai Phong made a change of legal form from Hai Phong Port Holding Limited Liability Company into the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company (the Port of Hai Phong, 2015) The Port of. .. JOINT STOCK COMPANY 2.1 General introduction of the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company 2.1.1 History of Hai Phong Port Joint Stock Company The Port of Hai Phong which is located in the left... In the Topic recommendations to port services pricing for container cargo in the Port of Hai Phong Joint Stock Company , the price system of port services for container cargo in the Port of Hai