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PHYSICS PHYSICS 1: MECHANICS AND THERMODYNAMICS PHYSICS 2: OSCILLATIONS, ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM PHYSICS 3: WAVES, OPTICS AND MODERN PHYSICS Introduction Title: Physics Credits: 3 Prerequisites:  Analytics analysis Course Description This course tends to give students opportunity to explore the basic concepts, laws and application of Mechanics and Thermodynamics, including:  Properties and laws of motion of particle, rigid body  Relationship among position, velocity and acceleration  Laws of linear momentum, angular momentum and energy  The kinetic theory of gases, thermodynamic quantities  Laws of Thermodynamics Introduction Textbook Raymond A Serway and W Jewett, Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics (9th Edition), Cengage Learning, USA, 2014 Trần Ngọc Hơi, Phạm Văn Thiều, Vật lý đại cương: Các nguyên lý ứng dụng, Tập 1: Cơ học Nhiệt học, NXB Giáo dục 2006 Reference Books Hugh D Young and Roger A Freedman, University Physics with Modern Physics (13th Edition), Pearson Education, USA, 2012 Paul A Tipler and Gene Mosca, Physics for Scientists and Engineers (6th Ed.), W H Freeman and Company, USA, 2008 David Halliday, Cơ sở vật lý, tập 1, NXB Giáo dục, 2007 Introduction Lesson plan Week Lesson Preparation of student Introduction Chapter 1: Physics and measurement Read the text book: 2-13 Chapter 2: Motion in one dimension Read the text book: 21-47 Chapter 3: Montion in two dimensions Read the text book: 78-98 Chapter 4: The laws of motion Read the text book: 111-135 Solve problems of chapters 2, 3, Prepare the solution of problems by group Chapter 5: Circular motion and other applications of Newton’s laws Read the text book: 150-167 Chapter 6: Energy of the system Read the text book: 177-201 Chapter 7: Conservation of energy Read the text book: 211-233 Introduction Lesson plan Week Lesson Preparation of student Solve problems of chapters 5, 6, Prepare the solution of problems by group Chapter 8: Linear momentum and collisions Read the text book: 247-279 Chapter 9: Rotation of rigid object about a fiexd axis Read the text book: 293-321 Solve problems of chapters 8, Prepare the solution of problems by group Chapter 10: Angular momentum Read the text book: 335-352 Chapter 11: Static equilibrium and elasticity, Universal gravitation, Fluid mechanics Study by your self: 363-449 Introduction to the project of course Introduction Lesson plan Week Lesson Preparation of student Solve problems of chapters 10 Prepare the solution of problems by group Chapter 12: Tempurature and the first law of Thermodynamics Read the text book: 568-625 Chapter 13: The kinetic theory of gases Read the text book: 626-652 10 Chapter 14: Heat engines, entropy and the second law of Thermodynamics Read the text book: 653-688 11 Solve problems of chapters 12, 13, 14 Prepare the solution of problems by group Represent the result of the project Work in group to make the product of the project and to prepare a report of project 12 Introduction Assessment Plan Assessment Types Assessment Components Percentages 20% A1 Learning activities A1.1 Attendance A1.2 Homework report A1.3 Project A2 Midterm Exam A2.1 Written Test 20% A3 Final Exam A3.1 Written Test 60% Student Responsibilities and Policies:  Attendance: It is compulsory that students attend at least 80% of the course to be eligible for the final examination  Missed tests: Students are not allowed to miss any of the tests There are very few exceptions PART 1: MECHANICS CHAPTER 1: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT CHAPTER PART 1: MECHANICS CHAPTER 1: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT Physics Physics, the most fundamental physical science, is concerned with the fundamental principles of the Universe The study of physics can be divided into six main areas:  Classical mechanics: concerning the motion of objects that are large relative to atoms and move at speeds much slower than the speed of light  Relativity: a theory describing objects moving at any speed, even speeds approaching the speed of light  Thermodynamics: dealing with heat, work, temperature, and the statistical behavior of systems with large numbers of particles  Electromagnetism: concerning electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic fields  Optics: the study of the behavior of light and its interaction with materials  Quantum mechanics: a collection of theories connecting the behavior of matter at the submicroscopic level to macroscopic observations PART 1: MECHANICS 10 CHAPTER 1: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT Physics and measurement Like all other sciences, physics is based on experimental observations and quantitative measurements  Objectives: to identify fundamental laws governing natural phenomena and use them to develop theories  Tool: Language of mathematics (a bridge between theory and experiment)  Classical physics: includes the principles of classical mechanics, thermodynamics, optics, and electromagnetism developed before 1900 (Newton mechanics)  Modern physics: a major revolution in physics began near the end of the 19th century (theories of relativity and quantum mechanics) PART 1: MECHANICS 83 CHAPTER 7: CONSERVATION OF ENERGY 7.5 Power •The   time rate of energy transfer is called the instantaneous power and is defined as In the case of energy transfer by work:  Unit of power:  Relation of power, force and velocity PART 1: MECHANICS 84 CHAPTER 7: CONSERVATION OF ENERGY 7.5 Power •Ex   8.11 An elevator car has a mass of 600 kg and is carrying passengers having a combined mass of 200 kg A constant friction force of 000 N retards its motion (a) How much power must a motor deliver to lift the elevator car and its passengers at a constant speed of 3.00 m/s? (b) What power must the motor deliver at the instant the speed of the elevator is v if the motor is designed to provide the elevator car with an upward acceleration of 1.00 m/? 85 8.1 Linear momentum 8.2 Analysis model: Isolated system 8.3 Analysis model: nonisolated system 8.4 Collisions in 1D 8.5 Collisions in 2D 8.6 The center of mass 8.7 Systems of many particles 8.8 Rocket propulsion PART 1: MECHANICS 86 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.1 Linear momentum •The   other expression of Newton’s second law  According to Newton’s 2nd law  Replacing the acceleration with its definition, we get  If then The linear momentum of a particle or an object that can be modeled as a particle of mass moving with a velocity is defined to be the product of the mass and velocity of the particle: PART 1: MECHANICS 87 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.2 Analysis model: momentum of an isolated system •Momentum   version of the isolated system model If no external forces act on the system (), the total momentum of the system is constant Note:  The total momentum of a system  The equation can be written  The momentum conservation in one direction If (note: is not necessary to be 0), the x-component of the total momentum of the system is conservative PART 1: MECHANICS 88 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.2 Analysis model: momentum of an isolated system Ex 9.1 A 60-kg archer stands at rest on frictionless ice and fires a 0.030-kg arrow horizontally at 85 m/s With what velocity does the archer move across the ice after firing the arrow? PART 1: MECHANICS 89 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.3 Analysis model: momentum of a nonisolated system •Impulse-momentum   theorem for a particle According to the second form of Newton’s 2nd law, we have Integrating the above expression to get the chance in momentum: where called the impulse of the net force acting on a particle over the time interval The change in the momentum of a particle is equal to the impulse of the net force acting on the particle: Note: If , , therefore PART 1: MECHANICS 90 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.3 Analysis model: momentum of a nonisolated system •Ex   9.3 In a particular crash test, a car of mass 1500 kg collides with a wall The initial and final velocities of the car are and , respectively If the collision lasts 0.150s, find the impulse caused by the collision and the average net force exerted on the car PART 1: MECHANICS 91 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.4 Collisions in one dimension •Categorization   of collisions Elastic collision Inelastic collision Total momentum of two objects is conserved Total kinetic energy of the system is constant Perfectly inelastic collision Conservation of momentum Total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved PART 1: MECHANICS 92 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.4 Collisions in one dimension •Elastic   collision Momentum: Kinetic energy: Solutions of these equations are Special cases  If then and  If , then and  If , then and PART 1: MECHANICS 93 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.5 Collisions in two dimension •Conservation   of momentum Example We have Conservation of momentum PART 1: MECHANICS 94 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.5 Collisions in two dimension Ex 9.8 A 500-kg car traveling east with a speed of 25.0 m/s collides at an intersection with a 500-kg truck traveling north at a speed of 20.0 m/s Find the direction and magnitude of the velocity of the wreckage after the collision, assuming the vehicles stick together after the collision PART 1: MECHANICS 95 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.6 Center of mass •The   position vector of the center of mass of a system of particles is defined as where is the total mass of the system and is the position vector of the particle Note The position vector of the center of mass of an extended object can be obtained from the integral expression Ex A system consists of three particles (, ) located as shown in the figure Find the center of mass of the system PART 1: MECHANICS 96 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.7 System of many particles • The   velocity of the center of mass for a system of particles is  The total momentum of a system of particles equals the total mass multiplied by the velocity of the center of mass:  Newton’s second law applied to a system of particles is where is the acceleration of the center of mass and the sum is over all external forces The center of mass moves like an imaginary particle of mass M under the influence of the resultant external force on the system PART 1: MECHANICS 97 CHAPTER 8: LINEAR MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS 8.8 Rocket propulsion • At   the time : where is the speed of the rocket relative to the Earth  Over a short time interval, the rocket ejects fuel of mass speed to reach the  The fuel is ejected with a speed relative to the rocket the final speed of the rocket when its mass is relates to the initial speed of the rocket at the mass as follows ... Physics (9th Edition), Cengage Learning, USA, 2014 Trần Ngọc Hơi, Phạm Văn Thiều, Vật lý đại cương: Các nguyên lý ứng dụng, Tập 1: Cơ học Nhiệt học, NXB Giáo dục 2006 Reference Books Hugh D Young... Scientists and Engineers (6th Ed.), W H Freeman and Company, USA, 2008 David Halliday, Cơ sở vật lý, tập 1, NXB Giáo dục, 2007 Introduction Lesson plan Week Lesson Preparation of student Introduction