DATE : 1592017 LESSON 1: PRESENT TENSES I: LÝ I.The Simple Present tense: S + V(ses); S + amisare S + dodoes + not + V; S + amisare + not DoDoes + S + V … ? AmIsAre + S …? 2) The usage : : 2.1 tả thói quen hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại thường xuyên: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, , every dayweekmonth … E.g: Mary often gets up early in the morning. 2.2 nhiên chan lý. E.g: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 2.3 gian E.g: The last train leaves at 4.45. II.The Present Continuous tense: S + amisare + Ving S + amisare + not + Ving – AmIsAre + S + Ving … ? The usage : 2.1 Một hành động đang diễn ra ở hiện tại (trong lúc nói); sau câu mệnh lệnh, đề nghị. Trong câu thường có các trạng từ: now, right now, at the moment, at present, … E.g: What are you doing at the moment? I’m writing a letter. Be quiet My mother is sleeping. Look The bus is coming. 2.2 Một hành động đã được lên kế hoạch thực hiện trong tương lai gần. E.g: What are you doing tonight? I am going to the cinema with my father. 2.3 Một hành động nhất thời không kéo dài lâu, thường dùng với today, this week, this month, these days, … E.g: What is your daughter doing these days? She is studying English at the foreign language center. 3.1 Động từ chỉ giác quan: hear, see, smell, taste 3.2 Động từ chỉ tình cảm, cảm xúc: love, hate, like, feellike,fancy,dislike,detest,want,wish 3.3 Động từ chỉ trạng thái, sự liên hệ, sở hữu: look, seem, appear, have, own, belong to, need, … 3.4 Động từ chỉ sinh hoạt trí tuệ: agree, understand, remember, know, … III. The Present Perfect tense: S + havehas+ V3ed S + havehas + not + V3ed HaveHas + S + V3ed … ? The usage : Thì HTHT dùng để diễn tả: 2.1 Một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời điểm. E.g: Have you had breakfast? – No, I haven’t. 2.2 Một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, còn kéo dài đến hiện tại. (Đi since for) E.g: My friend Nam has lived in HCMC since 1998. 2.3 Một hành động vừa mới xảy ra ra so . (cĩ: just, recently, lately…) E.g: I have just finished my homework. 2.4 Trong cấu trúc: Be + the firstsecond… time + S + havehas + V3ed Be + the ss nhất + N + S + havehas + V3ed E.g: This is the first time I have been to Paris. She is the most honest person I have ever met. 3) Các trạng từ thường dùng với thì HTHT: just (vừa mới), recentlylately (gần đây), ever (đã từng), never (chưa bao giờ), yet (chưa), already (rồi), since (từ khi – mốc thời gian), for (khoảng), so faruntil nowup to nowup to the present (cho đến bây giờ), several times, for the last ten years IV.The Present Perfect Continuous: 1) Cách thành lập: Câu khẳng định S + havehas+ been + Ving Câu phủ định S + havehas + not + been + Ving Câu hỏi HaveHas + S + been + Ving … ? 2) Cách dùng chính: Thì HTHTTD dùng để diễn tả: Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài liên tục đến hiện tại và còn tiếp diễn đến tương lai,
Trang 12.1 Diễn tả thĩi quen hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại thường xuyên: always, often, usually, sometimes,
seldom, rarely, every day/week/month …
E.g: Mary often gets up early in the morning.
2.2 Sự thật hiển nhiên hoặc chan lý.
E.g: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
2.3 Thời gian biểu
E.g: The last train leaves at 4.45.
II.The Present Continuous tense:
S + am/is/are + V-ing
S + am/is/are + not + V-ing – Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing … ?
The usage :
2.1 Một hành động đang diễn ra ở hiện tại (trong lúc nói); sau câu mệnh lệnh, đề nghị Trong câu
thường có các trạng từ: now, right now, at the moment, at present, …
E.g: - What are you doing at the moment? - I’m writing a letter
- Be quiet! My mother is sleeping - Look! The bus is coming
2.2 Một hành động đã được lên kế hoạch thực hiện trong tương lai gần.
E.g: - What are you doing tonight?
- I am going to the cinema with my father
2.3 Một hành động nhất thời không kéo dài lâu, thường dùng với today, this week, this month,
these days, …
E.g: - What is your daughter doing these days?
- She is studying English at the foreign language center
3.1 Động từ chỉ giác quan: hear, see, smell, taste
3.2 Động từ chỉ tình cảm, cảm xúc: love, hate, like, feellike,fancy,dislike,detest,want,wish
3.3 Động từ chỉ trạng thái, sự liên hệ, sở hữu: look, seem, appear, have, own, belong to, need, …
3.4 Động từ chỉ sinh hoạt trí tuệ: agree, understand, remember, know, …
III The Present Perfect tense:
S + have/has+ V3/ed
S + have/has + not + V3/ed
Have/Has + S + V3/ed … ?
The usage : Thì HTHT dùng để diễn tả:
2.1 Một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ không xác định rõ thời điểm.
E.g: Have you had breakfast? – No, I haven’t.
2.2 Một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ, còn kéo dài đến hiện tại (Đi với since hoặc for)
E.g: My friend Nam has lived in HCMC since 1998.
2.3 Một hành động vừa mới xảy ra hoặc xảy ra gần so với hiện tại (Thường cĩ: just, recently, lately…)
1
Trang 2E.g: I have just finished my homework.
2.4 Trong cấu trúc:
Be + the first/second… time + S + have/has + V3/ed
Be + the ss nhất + N + S + have/has + V3/ed
E.g: This is the first time I have been to Paris.
She is the most honest person I have ever met.
3) Các trạng từ thường dùng với thì HTHT: just (vừa mới), recently/lately (gần đây), ever (đã từng),
never (chưa bao giờ), yet (chưa), already (rồi), since (từ khi – mốc thời gian), for (khoảng), so far/until now/up to now/up to the present (cho đến bây giờ), several times, for the last ten years
IV.The Present Perfect Continuous:
1) Cách thành lập:
- Câu khẳng định S + have/has+ been + V-ing
- Câu phủ định S + have/has + not + been + V-ing
- Câu hỏi Have/Has + S + been + V-ing … ?
2) Cách dùng chính: Thì HTHTTD dùng để diễn tả: Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo dài liên tục
đến hiện tại và còn tiếp diễn đến tương lai, thường đi với How long, since và for
E.g: - How long have you been waiting for her?
- I have been waiting for her for an hour
* HTHT: hành động hoàn tất > < HTHTTD: hành động còn tiếp tục
PRACTICE TEST
I Complete the sentences with SIMPLE PRESENT or PRESENT CONTINUOUS:
1 Sarah Star is a singer She sings ………(sing) and ……… (dance) on TV She
……… (drive) a red Mercedes At the moment she is with Nick Pear They
……… (eat) in a restaurant Sarah ……… (drink) a cocktail and Nick
……… (talk) to the waiter
2 Ann is a doctor She ……… (work) in a hospital but today she ………(stay) at home Now she ……… (cook) dinner Her friends ……… (visit) her today It
……… (be) her birthday
3 Susan usually ……… (go) to school by bus, but now she ……… (go) to school by train.4.Mary often ……… (read) in bed, but today she is very tired and she ……… (not / read).5.The boys usually … (ride) their bikes to school They ………… (like / ride) their bikes They ………… (be) very naughty boys They always ……… (go) to school late Today their teacher … (be) very angry, because they ……… (be) late again
6.Mary ………… (like / eat) sweets Every morning she ……… (have) coffee with a lot of sweets and chocolate For lunch she and her friends often ……… (eat) sweets or ice-cream She ……… (not / like / eat) fruit or vegetables She ……… (eat / never) eggs or cheese Today she ………… (be) sick She
……… (sleep) in her room now
II Build up sentences:
1 He / like watching TV / but / he / not / watch / at the moment / because / he / sleep //
6 Tim / usually / go / work / bicycle //
7 children / play / games / everyday //
2
Trang 38 My brother / can ( - ) / play / tennis / because / he / not / have / racket //
9 How often / mother / cook / pizza / ? //
10 My parents / not / like / roller-skates / because / they / be / dangerous //
III Circle the correct answer: 1 Look! Thomas is bringing / brings his little sister to class 2 My older sister is often listening / often listens to pop music 3 We are writing / write an exercise now 4 Mmmm! Mum is making / makes a cake 5 Our teacher is giving / gives us a test every month 6 Listen! Dad is reading / reads a story to Ricky 7 Mr Michael usually is growing / grows roses in his garden 8 They are building / build a new house on the hill now 9 Maria is drinking / drinks milk every morning 10 Look! Nick is running / runs down the hill IV This is Anna’s first letter in English to David There are some mistakes Rewrite wrong verb forms Underline if the verb form is correct: Dear David, I live ……… in a large flat in Rome I’m having… have … two sisters They are called Rosa and Maria We are getting up ………at seven o’clock every morning, and we have … coffee and a small breakfast I leave … the flat at eight and walk to the university I am finishing ……….classes at five every day, and I arrive ……… home at six This month I work……… very hard for my exams At the moment, I eat… breakfast in the kitchen of our flat, my mother drinks …coffee, and my sisters are reading …….magazines On Saturday afternoons I am playing ……… tennis with my friends, or I go …… to the cinema Today, I’m going to see a new English film Sometimes I am watching ………… American films on TV, but I’m not understanding ……… the words! Are you liking ………films? Please write to me soon With best wishes, Anna V Write a suitable sentence using the PRESENT PERFECT TENSE : 1 Ann’s hair was dirty Now it’s clean (wash) …… Ann has washed her hair…………
2 Tom was 80 kg Now he’s 70 (lose weight) ………
3 Bill played football yesterday Now he can’t walk; his leg is in plaster (break) ………
4 My sister is looking for her pen (lose) ………
5 Mary is on holiday in France (go) ………
6 Mr Hill was in Canada last week He’s back in London now (be) ………
7 Look! Mrs Smith has got a lot of packages (buy) ………
8 I can’t eat anything now (eat too much) ………
9 Mrs Jenkins is very tired (clean / house) ………
10 Tony needs a holiday (work / hard / this year) ………
VI Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS to fill in the blanks:
1 I’ve bought / have been buying a new pair of shoes.
2 Have you finished / Have you been finishing reading that book yet?
3 They’ve eaten / have been eating fruit all afternoon, ever since they came from school.
4 I’ve been reading / have read this book now, so you can have it back.
5 I’ve been writing / have written eight pages already.
3
Trang 46 Oh, no! There’s nothing to eat My sister has been eating / has eaten everything I left in the kitchen.
7 Oh, no! There’s no wine to drink They have drunk / have been drinking all the wine.
8 No wonder your eyes hurt You’ve been playing / have played computer games ever since you had
your breakfast
9 I haven’t seen / haven’t been seeing you for ages.
10 God! Hakan has scored / has been scoring.
11 I have been waiting / have waited for you for ages.
12 I’ve finished / ‘ve been finishing my work.
13 He has visited / has been visiting ten museums this week.
14 I’m very tired Because I have travelled / have been travelling around Istanbul all day.
15 She has found / has been finding a good job.
16 I’m hot because I have been running / have run.
VII Use PRESENT PERFECT TENSE or PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS to fill in the blanks:
1 I’m trying to study I ………… (try) to study for the last hour, but something always seems to interrupt me I think I’d better go to the library
2 The children are playing basketball right now They ……… (play) for almost two hours They must
5 It ……… (rain) all day I wonder when it will stop
6 We (have) three accidents so far this week I wonder how many more we will have if you keep using the tools carelessly
7 We ……… (live) here since last June
8 My little son is dirty from head to foot because he ……… (play) in the mud
9 What’s the matter? Your eyes are red and puffy I hope you … (not / cry) Oh, now I understand You (peel) some onions
10 Hello, Rob I’m happy to see you again I … (not / see) you for weeks What …… you ……… (do) lately?
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer:
1 When I got home I found that water down the kitchen walls
A ran B was running C has run D had been running
2 After he his English course, he went to England to continue his study
A has finish B had finished C was finished D would finish
3 How since we college?
A are you- left B were you- left C have you been- have left D have you been- left
4 I much of you lately We three months ago
A haven’t seen- last met B didn’t see- met C haven’t seen- have meet D didn’t see- have met
5 When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker speaking and the audience
finished- had clapped
C had just finished- were clapping D just finished- had clapped
6 He his job last month and since then he out of work
A lost- was B was lost- had been C has lost- was D lost- has been
7 In the last hundred years, travelling much easier and more comfortable
8 In the 19th century, it two or three months to across North America by covered wagon
9 In the past, the trip very rough and often dangerous, but things a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years
4
Trang 5A was- have changed B is- change C had been- will change D has been- changed
DATE: 22/9/2017
LESSON 2: PAST TENSES
1 The Simple Past tense.
S + did + not + V; S + was/were + notDid + S + V … ?; Was/Were + S … ? The usage : Thì QKĐ dùng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và hoàn tất trong quá khứ với thời gian được xác định rõ Các trạng từ thường đi kèm: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990,
The usage : Thì QKTD dùng để diễn tả:
2.1 Một hành động đang xảy ra vào một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.
E.g: - She was studying her lesson at 7 last night.
- What were you doing from 3pm to 6pm yesterday?
- I was practising English at that time
2.2 Một hành động đang xảy ra ở quá khứ (Were/Was + V-ing) thì có một hành động khác xen vào (V2/ed) E.g: - He was sleeping when I came.
- While my mother was cooking dinner, the phone rang
2.3 Hai hành động diễn ra song song cùng lúc trong quá khứ.
E.g: - While I was doing my homework, my brother was playing video games.
VII The Past Perfect tense:
S + had + V3/ed
S + had+ not + V3/edHad + S + V3/ed … ?
The usage :
Thì QKHT dùng để diễn tả:
2.1 Một hành động xảy ra và hoàn tất trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác trong quá
khứ (hành động trước dùng HAD + V3/ed, hành động sau dùng V2/ed)
E.g: - We had had dinner before eight o’clock last night.
- Lan had learned English before she came to England
2.2 Một hành động đã xảy ra nhưng chưa hoàn thành, tính đến một thời điểm nào đó trong quá khứ E.g: - By the time I left that school, I had taught there for ten years.
3) Thì này thường được dùng với các từ, ngữ sau đây:
* After, before, when, as, once
E.g: - When I got to the station, the train had already left.
* No sooner … than (vừa mới … thì) hoặc Hardly/Scarely … when (vừa mới … thì)
E.g: - He had no sooner returned from abroad than he fell ill.
5
Trang 6-> No sooner had he returned from abroad than he fell ill
* It was not until … that … (mãi cho tới … mới …) hoặc Not until … that … (mãi cho tới … mới …)
Ex: It was not until I had met her that I understood the problem.
-> Not until I had met her did I understand the problem
VIII.The Past Perfect Continuous tense:
1) Cách thành lập:
- Câu khẳng định S + had + been + V-ing
- Câu phủ định S + had + not + been + V-ing - Câu hỏi: Had + S + been + V-ing … ?
2) Cách dùng chính: Thì QKHTTD dùng để nhấn mạnh tính LIÊN TỤC của hành động cho đến khi một
hành động khác xảy ra trong quá khứ
Ex: When she arrived, I had been waiting for three hours.
PRACTCE TEST
I Fill in the blanks with a verb from the box in the SIMPLE PAST:
1 She ……… a cake an hour ago
2 She ……… a hat last week
3 The boy ……… a letter yesterday
4 They ……… in the sea for an hour
5 They ……… a lot of Coke last night
6 She ……… her arm last week
7 He ……… all his money last week
8 She ……… a bath two minutes ago
9 He ……… his wallet last night
10 She ……… on the old chair a minute ago
11 She ……… the clothes yesterday
II Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses using the SIMPLE PAST or he PAST
PROGRESSIVE:
1 Sally ……… (eat) dinner last night when someone …………(knock) on the door
2 I began to study at seven last night Fred … (come) at seven-thirty I …… (study) when Fred …… (come)
3 While I ……… (study) last night, Fred ………(drop by) to visit me
4 My roommate’s parents ……… (call) him last night while we……… (watch) TV
5 My mother called me around five My husband came home a little after five When he………… (come) home, I (talk) tomy mother on the phone
6 Yesterday Tom and Janice … (go) to the zoo around one They………… (see) many kinds of
animals They stayed at the zoo for two hours While they … (walk) home, it …… …… (begin) to rain, so they ……… (stop) at a small café and ………(have) a cup of coffee
7 Yesterday afternoon I … (go) to visit the Parker family When I… (get) there around two o’clock, Mrs Parker …… (be) in the yard She ………… (plant) flowers in her garden Mr Parker … (be)
in the garage He … (work) on their car He ……… (change) the oil
6
break swim have make sit write
spend buy drink lose wash
Trang 7DATE: 30/9/2017
Lesson 3: FUTURE TENSES
1 The Simple Future tense:
S + will/shall + V
S + will/shall + not + V Will/Shall + S + V … ?
The usage: Thì TLĐ dùng để diễn tả:
2.1 Một hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai: E.g: I will call you tomorrow.
2.2 Một quyết định đưa ra vào lúc nói: E.g: It’s cold I’ll shut the window.
2.3 Một quyết tâm, lời hứa, đề nghị, yêu cầu:
E.g: I will lend you the money. - Will you marry me … ?
2.4 Một tiên đoán, dự báo trong tương lai:
E.g: People will travel to Mars one day.
2- The Future Continuous tense:
E.g: - This time next week I will be playing tennis.
- We’ll be working hard all day tomorrow
3 .The Future Perfect tense:
S + will/shall + have + V3/ed
S + will/shall + not + have + V3/edWill/hall + S + have + V3/ed?
The usage : Thì TLHT dùng để diễn tả:
2.1 Một hành động sẽ hoàn tất trước một thời điểm trong tương lai.
E.g: It’s now 7pm I will have finished teaching this class by 8.30.
2.2 Một hành động sẽ hoàn tất trước một hành động khác trong tương lai.
E.g: By the time you come back, I will have written this letter.
* Thì này thường được bắt đầu bằng By + time (By then, By the time, By the end of this
week/month/year)
4 .The Future Perfect Continuous tense:
1) Cách thành lập:
- Câu khẳng định S + will/shall + have + been + V-ing
- Câu phủ định S + will/shall + not + have + been + V-ing
- Câu hỏi Will/Shall + S + have + been + V-ing?
2) Cách dùng chính: Thì TLHTTD dùng để nhấn mạnh tính LIÊN TỤC của hành động so với một thời
điểm nào đó hoặc hành động khác trong tương lai
E.g: - By next month, he will have been working in the office for ten years.
- When George gets his degree, he will have been studying at Oxford for four years
FUTURE TENSES
7
Trang 8I Fill in WILL or BE GOING TO:
1 A: Why do you need so much sugar?
B: I ……… make a cake
2 A: Oh no! I’ve left my purse at home and I haven’t got any money on me!
B: Don’y worry I ……… lend you some
3 A: I don’t know how to use this mixer
B: That’s OK I ……… show you
4 A: Why are all these people gathered here?
B: The Prime Minister ……… open the new hospital ward
5 A: Did you remember to buy the magazine I asked for?
B: Sorry, I didn’t I ……… buy it when I go out again
6 A: What’s that on your curtains?
B: It’s a stain I ……… take them to the dry cleaner’s tomorrow
7 A: These bags are very heavy I can’t lift them
B: I ……… carry them for you
8 A: I hear you’re going to Leeds University in September
B: Yes, I ……… study French and German
9 A: Why don’t you tidy your room?
B: I ……… play football in ten minutes, so I haven’t got time
10 She has bought some wool She ……… knit a sweater
11 A: This problem is very difficult
B: I ……… help you to solve it
12 A: Why are you taking down all the pictures?
B: I ……… paint the room
13 I’m sure he ……… climb that mountain one day
14 Look at that young man He looks very pale He ……… faint
15 I ……… be 38 years old next week
16 A: I’ve got a terrible headache
B: Have you? Wait here and I ……… (get) an aspirin for you
17 A: Why are you filling that bucket with water?
B: I ……… (wash) the car
18 A: Look! There’s smoke coming out of that house It’s on fire!
B: Good heavens! I ……… call the fire-brigade immediately
19 A: The ceiling in this room doesn’t look very safe, does it?
B: No, it looks as if it ……… (fall) down
20 A: I can’t work out how to use this camera
B: It’s quite easy I ……… (show) you
II Make sentences with WILL BE –ING:
1 I’m going to watch television from 9 until 10 o’clock this evening
4 We are going to clean the flat tomorrow It will take from 9 until 11 o’clock
So at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning ………
5 Tom is a football fan and there is a football match on television this evening The match
begins at 7.30 and ends at 9.15
So at 8.30 this evening ………
8
Trang 96 Don’t phone me between 7 and 8 ……… (we / finish) dinner then.
7 A: Can we meet tomorrow afternoon?
B: Not in the afternoon ……… (I / work)
8 Do you think ……… (you / still / do) the same job in ten years’ time?
9 If you need to contact me, ……… (I / stay) at the Hilton Hotel until Friday
III Use FUTURE PERFECT TENSE:
1 By next February I ……… (write) my third book
2 I hope you ……… (not / forget) my name by tomorrow
3 By next week we ……… (redecorate) the house
4 Next July she ……… (be) dead for ten years
5 I hope I ……… (not / make) a lot of mistakes in this exam when I finish it
6 By the end of this year I ……… (drive) more than one hundred thousand kilometers with this car
7 I hope it ……… (stop) raining before the match starts
8 I ……… (have) an operation when you turn back
9 By this time next week I ……… (marry)
10 If nothing is done one million species that are alive today ……… (become) extinct in twenty years
* PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
I Choose the best answer among A, B, C, or D.
1 When I last saw him, he _ in London
2 We _ Dorothy since last Saturday
3 The train half an hour ago
A has been leaving B left C has left D had left
4 Jack the door
A has just painted B paint C will have painted D painting
5 My sister for you since yesterday
A is looking B was looking C has been looking D looked
6 I Texas State University now
A am attending B attend C was attending D attended
7 He has been selling motorbikes
A ten years ago B since ten years C for ten years ago D for ten years
8 Christopher Columbus _ American more than 500 years ago
A discovered B has discovered C had discovered D had been discovering
9 He fell down when he towards the church
10 We _ there when our father died
A still lived B lived still C was still lived D were still living
11 They table tennis when their father comes back home
12 By Christmas, I _ for Mr Smith for six years
A shall have been working B shall work C have been working D shall be working
13 I _ in the room right now A am being B was being C have been being D am
14 I to New York three times this year.A have been B was C were D had been
15 I’ll come and see you before I _ for the States
16 The little girl asked what _ to her friend
A has happened B happened C had happened D would have been happened
9
Trang 1017 John a book when I saw him A is reading B read C was reading D reading
18 He said he _ return later A will B would C can D would be
19 I have been waiting for you
A since early morning B since 9a.m C for two hours D All are correct
20 Almost everyone _ for home by the time we arrived
21 By the age of 25, he two famous novels
22 While her husband was in the army, Mary to him twice a week
23 I couldn’t cut the grass because the lawn mower a few days previously
A broke down B has been broken C had broken down D breaks down
24 I have never played badminton before This is the first time I _ to play
25 Since _, I have heard nothing from him
A he had left B he left C he has left D he was left
26 After I _ lunch, I looked for my bag
27 By the end of next year, George _ English for two years
A will have learned B will learn C has learned D would learn
28 The man got out of the car, round to the back and opened the book
30 He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he dinner
31 Ask her to come and see me when she _ her work
32 Tom and Mary for Vietnam tomorrow
33 He always for a walk in the evening
34 Her brother in Canada at present
35 Last week, my professor promised that he today
II Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting.
1 After Mrs Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner
Trang 1110 Debbie, whose father is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years.
- Hiện tại đơn: S + am / is / are + V3ed
- Quá khứ đơn: S + was / were + V3ed
- Hiện tại tiếp diễn: S + am / is / are + being + V3ed
- Quá khứ tiếp diễn: S + was / were + being + V3ed
- Hiện tại hoàn thành: S + have / has + been + V3ed
- Quá khứ hoàn thành: S + had + been + V3ed
- Động từ khiếm khuyết (can, will, may, should…): S + modals + be + V3ed
4 Các dạng đặc biệt:
a Causative form (Thể nhờ bảo): “Have”, “Get”.
- Chủ động: S + have + O (person ) + V 0 + O (thing)
- Bị động: S + have + O (thing) + V 3 ed
VD: I had him repair the roof yesterday.
I had the roof repaired yesterday.
- Chủ động: S + get + O.1 + to V 0 + O.2
- Bị động: S + get + O.2 + V 3 ed
VD: I will get her to cut my hair.
I will get my hair cut.
b Verbs of opinion: Say, Think, Believe, Know, Report, Declare…(V 1 )
Có 2 dạng bị động:
- Chủ động: S 1 + V 1 + that + S 2 + V 2 …
- Bị động: => It + (be) + V 1 (3/ed) + that + S 2 + V 2 …
=> S 2 + (be) + V 1 (3/ed) + to + V o ……
Hoặc + to have + V 1 (3/ed)….
VD: - They say that John is the brightest student in class
=> It is said that John is the brightest student in class
=> John is said to be the brightest student in class
Bài tập 1: Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1 People (grow) much rice in Mekong Delta
2 Rice in Mekong Delta
3 Someone (break) the window last night
4 The window (break) last night
5 The children are using the computers right now
6 The computers by the chldren right now
7 They (not, use) the room for ages
8 The room (not, use) for ages
11
Trang 129 My mother (prepare) the dinner when I arrived home, so I took a shower first.
10 The dinner (prepare) when I arrived home, so I took a shower first
11 People _ (speak) English at the meeting tomorrow
12 English _ (speak) at the meeting tomorrow
13 My father had someone _ (wash) his car
14 My father had his car _ (wash)
15 The lady makes his son _ (drink) milk every night
16 His son is made _ milk every night
17 The pupils are thought _ (go) to school by bus everyday
18 The pupils are thought _ (go) to school by bus yesterday
19 She got the man (paint) the gate
20 She got the gate _(paint) by the man
Bài tập 2: Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất để hoàn thành những câu sau.
1 We can’t have our car now; _ at the garage
A it’s still being repaired B it’s still repairing C it’s still repaired D it’s still being repairing
2 John you when he has finished the report
A was calling B was being called C will call D will be called
3 When I returned, I found that my car away
A had been pulling B has been pulling C has been pulled D had been pulled
4 The house six decades ago
A was built B was building C will be built D was to be built
5 The building
A is being demolished B is demolishing C has demolished D been demolished
6 While I this morning , I met Jane
A shop B shopping C was shopping D am shopping
7 Wait here until I you
8 This room for ages
A hasn’t used B hasn’t been used C hadn’t used D hadn’t been used
9 I’m going to have my house _ this weekend
A is redecorated B redecorated C will be redecorated D redecorate
10 I’d like to have my shoes _ at once
11 My shoes need _
12 Pupils are made _ hard at school
13 The factory is said _ in a fire two years ago
14 He is said a good student in the class
15 English all over the world
12
Trang 13a Danh từ số ít (Singular Noun)
- Danh từ không đếm được (uncountable noun)
Ex: food, milk, sugar, salt, fruit
- Danh từ theo sau A/ AN (không ở hình thức số nhiều)
Ex: a book, a box, an apples
b Danh từ số nhiều (Plural Noun)
- Danh từ tận cùng là _S / _ES
Ex: books, boxes, apples,
c Cách thành lập danh từ số nhiều: N (số ít) + S/ES N (số nhiều)
*Những danh những danh từ bất quy tắc cần nhớ
childmanwomanbacteriumoxperson
childrenmenwomenbacteriaoxenpeople
-Danh từ số nhiều nhưng hình thức số ít::
Ex: the police, children, women, cattle
- Danh từ số ít nhưng luôn có S:
1 Bệnh: measles (sởi), mumps (quai bị), rickets (còi xương), SARS, AIDS
2 Môn học: Mathematics, Physics, …
3 Thể thao: Gymnastics, billiars, …
4 Quốc gia: The United States, The Phillipines
5 Tổ chức: The United Nations…
2 Sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ (Subject and verb agreement)
Ex: He and his friends are good students.
John and I are going to play tennis.
2
with / together with
S1 + along with / as well as + S2 + V (theo S 1 )
13
Trang 14accompanied by
Ex: The actress, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight.
3
Either or
Neither + S1 + nor + S2 + V (theo S 2 )
Not only but also
Ex: Either you or I am wrong
Neither Tom’s parents nor his teacher is satisfied with his progress.
4
Every Noun (singular)
Each + + V (số ít)
Either
Neither of + Noun (plural)
Ex: Every child has a toy.
Each job needs patience.
Each of the patients is examined every day.
5
Every / some
Any / no + one / body / thing + V (số ít)
Ex: Everyone is ready.
6
A number of + Noun (plural) + V (số nhiều)
The number of + Noun (plural) + V (số ít)
Ex: A number of the applicants have already been interviewed.
The number of days in a week is seven
7 S (N + preposition phrase) + V (theo danh từ)
Ex: The study of languages is very interesting.
8 Gerund (as Subject) + V (số ít)
Ex: Writing many letters makes her happy.
9 There + be + N (chia theo danh từ)
Ex: There are 28 students in my class
Phần bài tập:
Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1 Neither Bill nor Mary (be) going to the party tonight
2 A number of reporters (be) at the conference yesterday
3 Everything (be) all right so far
4 Physics (be) my best subject at school
5 The United Nations (consist) of about 160 nations
6 Washing dishes (be) women’s work
7 The number of days in a week (be) seven
8 His answers to the questions (change) so far
9 There (be) only a few people at the meeting last night
10 Both of the girls (be) pretty, but neither of them (be) intelligent
11 There (be) a few flowers in this garden last summer
12 Much progress (have) been made in recent weeks
13 Collecting old coins and paper notes (be) one of my grandfather's hobbies when
he retired 14 Everybody (try) to do the best at present.
15 The English (like) to drink tea
Chọn đáp án đúng hoàn thành những câu sau.
1 Each of you …… responsible for this A are B being C is D be
2 Bill together with his brothers …… to the beach every morning
A going B goes C are D gone
14
Trang 153 Either the monitor or the athletes …… to blame for the bad result.
A be B are C is D to be
4 Everyone …… with me about my plans.A agree B agreeing C disagree D agrees
5 Tim as well as his relatives …… safe from the hurricane
A be B is C are D being
6 The results of Dr Frank’s experiment …… announced on TV last night
A is B are C was D were
7 Fifty minutes …… the maximum length of time allowed for the exam
A is B be C are D were
8 The cost of living …… over 10% in the last few years
A rises B has risen C rose D is rising
9 A number of sheep …… eating grass now
A is B are C was D were
10 Measles …… sometimes a serious disease
A is B are C being D be
11 Making cakes and pies …… Mrs Reed’s specialty
A are B were C is D be
12 Plenty of milk …… consumed everyday
A are B were C is D was
13 SARS …… an epidemic that kills many people in china
A are B were C have been D is
14 The United States …… between Canada and Mexico
A lying B lies C lain D lie
15.The students in the next classroom …… very loudly everyday
A talk B talked C are talking D talks
A Choose the best answers to the following questions.
1 The Vietnamese people - a heroic people
2 Miss White - her parents is going to pay a visit to the Great Wall
A and B both C as well as D or
3 The Vietnamese -hard-working and brave
4 A good deal of money - spent on the books
A have B has C have been D has been
5 The manager or his secretary - to give you an interview
6 Mary is one of the girls who -often late for school
A is B are C comes D get
7 Two hours - not long enough for this rest
A have B has C is D are
8 Ninety percent of the work - been done
9 Those who - to go with me, please raise your hand
A want B wants C wanting D are wanting
10 Salt and water - to wash the wound
A is used B are used C was used D were used
11 The news - bad last night
A were B was C has D has been
12 Three-fifths of the police -in the school near the town
A has trained B have trained C has been trained D have been trained
13 - not only you but also he going to Japan?
14 All the books on the shelf -to me
15
Trang 16A belong B belongs C belonging D is belonging
15 The trousers you bought for me - me
A don’t fitB doesn’t fit C fits D fit not
16 Mumps _ usually caught by children
17 The United States _ between Canada and Mexico
A lying B lies C lain D lie
18 Physics _ us understand the natural laws
A helps B help C have helpedD helped
19 The police _ the robber
A were arrested B has arrestedC have arrested D was arresting
20 The cattle in the field
A is grazingB grazes C has grazed D are grazing
21 Either you or he wrong
A are B were C have been D is
22 John as well as Mary very kind
23 The doctor with the nurses _ exhausted after the operation
A were B was C have been D are being
24 Five miles _ not very far A is B are C were D have been
25 ten years too long?A Are B Is C Are being D Were
26 Neither his parents nor his teacher satisfied with his result
A are beingB were C is D are
27 Each boy and each girl _ a book.A are havingB have had C have D has
28 Writing a lot of letters _ her tired
29 _ everybody ready to start now?A Are being B Is being C Is D Are
30 None of the butter in the fridge good.A is being B is C have been D are
31 None of the students _ the test yet
A have finished B has finishedC finished D is finishing
32 A pair of shoes under the bed
33 200 tons of water _ last month
A was used B had been used C were used D is used
34 In the hotel, the bread and butter _ for breakfast
A is served B are served C serves D serve
35 _ were nice to me when I was in England
A The Brown’s B Brown’s C The Browns D Browns
B Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct.
36 Neither his parents nor his teacher are satisfied with his result when he was at high school
37 Daisy was the only one of those girls that get the scholarship
38 Working provide people with personal satisfaction as well as money
39 Either the doctor or the nurses takes care of changing the patients’
bandages
40 Every student who majors in English are ready to participate in the
oratorical contest
41 One hundreds eight thousand miles is the speed of light
42 The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, were sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday
43 The audience was enjoying every minute of the performance
44 All the books on the top shelf belongs to me
45 Five thousand pounds were stolen from the bank
16
Trang 1746 Happiness and success depends on yourself.
47 The loss of her husband and two of her sons were too much for her
48 David and his brother was indicted yesterday on charges of grand theft
DATE: / /2017
LESSON 6 : CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
Phần lý thuyết:
Câu điều kiện thường có 1 mệnh đề chính (main clause) và 1 mệnh đề phụ (If clause) Mệnh đề phụ
có thể đặt trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính Có 4 loại câu điều kiện:
I S + Vos/es (to be:
am/is/are) S + will /shall/ can /may/must + Vo
Lưu ý: - Có thể bỏ If nếu trợ động từ đứng trước động từ như:
If it stops raining = Should it stop raining
If I were rich = Were I rich
If he had known = Had he known
- Unless = If… not…
These plants will die unless you water them regularly
These plants will die if you don’t water them regularly
- Provide (that); On condition (that); As long as; So long as (miễn là, với điều kiện là…)
- Suppose, supposing: giả sử
- In case: trong trường hợp, phòng khi, nhỡ mà
- Even if: dù là, cho làVD: I’ll accept the job provided the salary is satisfactory
In case I forget, please remind me ò my promise
Supposing you won a lot of money, what would you do?
Even if we had been invited, we could not have come because we were very busy
Phần bài tập:
Bài tập 1: Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1 You are late If you _ (come) a few minutes earlier, you (meet) him
2 If there are no subjunctive mood, English (be) much easier
3 I’d have gone swimming yesterday afternoon if I (have) time
4 What would you do if you _ (win) a million pounds?
5 If you didn’t do this, you (be) punished
6 If he had told me the truth, I (punish) him
7 “What do you think about the U.S?”
“If I had known it was so industrialized I _ (be)come here”
8 If they had not given me advice, I (fail) again
9 If it _ (rain) the match will be postponed
10 I would have met you at the bus terminal if I _ (know)that you were arriving
11 If there (be) no floods last year, the crop (be)better
12 I don’t have enough time If I (have) more time, I _ (come) to see you
13 Peter failed the final exam If he (work) harder, he (succeed)
14 If he (be) taller, he (be) able to join the police
15 If I had known it would rain, I (take) my umbrellA
17
Trang 18Bài tập 2: Viết lại những câu sau sử dụng từ gợi ý.
1 I don’t know your address, so I can’t write you a letter
Bài tập 3: Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất
1 If I were you, I _that
A would apply for B will ask for C will have changed D can take
2 If I _a wish I’d wish for happiness for my family
3 If we had had time, we _to the party
A can go B will go C would have gone D will have gone
4 We couldn’t understand th teacher if he _too fast
5 If everything is all right, we _our work on time
A complete B are completing C have completed D will complete
6 What _if the Earth suddenly stopped going around the Sun?
7 Unless you _quiet, I’ll scream
8 You’ll be able to speak English well if you _harD
9 If I _you, I _invitation
A am/will refuse B was/will refuse C were/would refuse D had been/will refuse
10 _, I’d have told you the answer
A If you asked me B Had you asked me C You had asked me D Unless you asked me
11 I didn’t try hard, so I didn’t succeed
A If I tried hard, I would succeed B If I had tried hard, I would succeed
C If I tried hard, I would have succeeded D If I had tried hard, I would have succeeded
12 Mary didn’t wear the raincoat, she would get a cold
A If mary wore the raincoat, she wouldn’t get a cold
B If mary had worn the raincoat, she didn’t get a cold
C If mary had worn the raincoat, she wouldn’t have got a cold
D If mary has worn the raincoat, she won’t have got a cold
13 I haven’t got money, so I’m not going on holiday
A Having no money made me go on holiday B Not having money on
my holiday got me down
18
Trang 19C If I have money, I’ll go on holiday D If Ihad money, I would go on holiday.
14 We didn't go on holiday last year because we didn't have enough money
A If we hadn’t had enough money, we wouldn’t have gone on holiday last year
B If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday last year
C If we hadn't had enough money, we would have gone on holiday last year
D Unless we had enough money, we would go on holiday last year
15 If I had enough money, ……
Exercise 1: Choose the word or phrase that best complete the sentence (A,B,C or D)
1) If that hat costs much , I ………a small one
A would have bought B.will buy C.bought D.would buy
2) If you …………more carefully ,you wouldn’t have had so many accidents
A drive B.drove C.had driven D.driven
3) If I spoke English , my job ………a lot easier
A.was B.were C.will be D.would be
4 If he ……….to London yesterday, he ………….his old friend
A.went / would meet B.go / would meet
C.had gone / would have met D.went / would have met
5.I will lend them some money If they ……….me
A.ask B.will ask C.asked D.had asked
6.If we had known who he was , we ……….him to speak at our meeting
A.would have invited B.have invited C.will invite D.would invite
7.My dog will bark if it ……….any strange sound
A.hear B.hears C.heard D.had heard
8.If I ………….enough money ,I will buy a house
A.had B had had C.will have D.have
9.If you ………… away , I will send for a policeman
A.not go B.don’t go C.hadn’t gone D.didn’t go
10 If I ………in your place , I would accept Mr Anderson’s invitation
A.were B.am C.be D.was
11.What ……… we do if they don’t come tomorrow?
A.would B.will C.did D.had
12.If I ……….you, I would tell the truth
A.is B.am C.were D.was
13.If I had enough time now , I ……… to my parents
A.would write B.write C.will write D.wrote
14.It’s too bad Helen isn’t here If she ……… here , she …… what to do
A.is / will know B.was / knows
C.were / would know D.are / would have known
15.If she ………….late again , she will lose her job
A.come B.came C comes D.had come
16.I will let you know if I ……… out what’s happening
A.find B.finds C.found D.had found
17.If we ……….in a town , life would be better
A.live B.lived C.would live D.had lived
18.I’m sure he wouln’t mind if we ………early
A.arrive B.arriving C.arrived D.had arrived
19 If I won the lottery , I …….you half the money
A.gave B.had given C.will give D.would give
20.It ……… be a pity if she married Fred
A.will B.would C.can D.may
21.If I’m free on Saturday , I ………… to the mountains
19
Trang 20A.to go B.could go C.went D.can go
22.we ……….you if we have time
A.will phone B.would phone C.phoned D.had phoned
23.If I ………….you ,I would help them
A.am B will be C.were D.had been
24.I could have understood him if he ………more slowly
A.speaks B.spoke C.had spoken D.would speak
25.If I had known that you were in hospital, I ……… you
A.will visit B.would have visited C.visit D.don’t visit
26.I wouldn’t have believed it if I ………it with my own eyes
A.had seen B.saw C.hadn’t seen D.didn’t see
27.What would you have done if the lift ……… struck between two floors at that time
A.had got B.got C.gets D.getting
28.If I …………that the traffic lights were red, I ………
A.had realized / would have stopped B had realized / wouldn’t have stopped
C.realized / would stop C.realize / will not stop
29 If we have some eggs ,I ………you a cake
A.made B.makes C.will make D.would make
30.If you …………so busy , I would have shown you how to play
A.hadn’t been B.weren’t C.aren’t D.wouldn’t be
DATE: / / 2017
LESSON 7 : MỆNH ĐỀ AO ƯỚC (WISH)
Phần lý thuyết:
a) Future wish: (mong ước ở tương lai)
VD: He wishes he would be an astronaut in the future
If only I would be able to attend your party next Sunday
B Present wish: (mong ước ở hiện tại)
VD: I can’t swim I wish I could swim
If only my mother were here (My mother isn’t here I wish my mother were here)
20
S + wish (es) S + would + V 0
(If only) (Could)
S + wish (es) S + V ed / 2
(If only) (be were)
Trang 21C Past wish: (ao ước ở quá khứ)
VD: She wished she hadn’t failed her exam last year (she failed her exam)
If only I had met him yesterday (I didn’t meet him)
Phần bài tập
Bài tập 1: Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1 I wish someone _(give) me a job next month
2 If only I _(have) motr time to do this work
3 He missed an exciting football match on T.V last night He wishes he _(watch) it
4 I wish I _ (can take) the trip to Dalat with you next week
5 He wishes his father _(be) here now to help him
6 I wish she _(come) to see me yesterday
Bài tập 2: Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất
1 We wish we _a large house but we can’t afford it now
2 My friend won’t lend me his car I wish _
A he lent me his car B he didn’t lend me his car
3 My mother is not free today I wish _
busy today
C my mother would be free today D my mother were free today
4 I’m sorry I haven’t got any money on me I wish _
A I have got no money on me B I have some money on me
me
5 I’m fraid our team will lose the game today I wish _
A our team won the game today B our team would win the game today
C our team didn’t lose the game today D out team had won the game today
6 My friends didn’t take part in the game I wish _
A my friends took part in the game B my friends had taken part in the game
C my friends would take part in the game D my friends did take part in the game
7 It wasn’t fine yesterday I wish _
A it was fine yesterday B it would fine yesterday
C it will fine yesterday D it had been fine yesterday
8 I wish I _more time now to help you with your lesson
9 I wish I _psychology when I was a college student
10 I wish someone _to help me with that work tomorrow
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer:
1 I'm not very fit I wish
A I would be fitter B I were fitter C I was fitter D I am fitter
2 It's very hot
A I wish it were cooler C A I wish it were hotter
B I wish it was rain tomorrow D If only it had rained
3 He likes to swim
21
S + wish (es) S + had + V 3 / ed ……
(If only)
Trang 22->He wishes he ……… near the sea
A liked B living C lives D to live
4 She wishes she ……… blue eyes
A.has B had C had had D would have
5 If only I _ him now
6 I wish it _ a holiday today
7 What a pity I didn’t meet you yesterday.
A If only I met you yesterday B If only I meet you yesterday
C If only I had met you yesterday D If only I hadn’t met you yesterday
8 Susan regretted not buying that villa
A Susan wished she had bought that villa B Susan wished she bought that villa
C Susan wished she could buy that villa D Susan wished she hadn’t bought that villa
9 It’s a pity that you didn’t tell us about this
A I wish you told us about this B I wish you would tell us about this
C I wish you had told us about this D I wish you have told us about this
10 He wishes he ……… buy a new car
A can B will C could D would
11 Those children are really noisy
A I wish they were quieter B I wish they would be quiet
C If only they were quieter D Both A and C are correct
12 She misses him She wishes he ……… her a letter
A would send B will send C has sent D would have sent
13 I wish I …… help you
A would B can C could D will
14 She wishes she ……… him yesterday
A would meet B meets C met D had met
15 Yesterday, John told me that he wishes he harder in high school because then university might not be so difficult for him
A studied B would study C had studied D studies
16 If only my motorbike………broken down again, I would have arrived on time
A.would B hadn’t C didn’t D wasn’t
17 I wish I _ in prison, but I am
A wasn't B am not C weren't D were
18 I wish you……….make that noise, it’s annoying!
A don't B wouldn't C would D couldn't
22
Trang 2319 I wish I……….to the movies with you last night.
A went B did go C could go D could have gone
20 I hate Canadian winters I wish I in Hawai right now
A was B am C will be D were
Exercise 5: Choose the best option to complete these following sentences.
1 Tom looked tired as though he very hard
2 Henry talks with his dog as if it _him
A understand B understood C understanding D had understood
3 She sings as if she a singer
4 I feel as if my head fire now
5 Mary dresses as if she _ a queen
6 She acted as if she _ big amount of money
7 He spends his money as though he a millionaire
8 He talked about Paris as if he there before
9 Tom acts as if he my boss
10 He talked as if he all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it
11 Barbara looked at me as though she _me before
A has never met B have never met C had never met D.never met
12 She behaved as though she _ crazy
13 He treats us as if we all idiots
14 The spacemen felt as if he in a paradise
15 He behaved as though he to the USA
16 I wish the more effective teaching method used
17 She wishes she a fairy now
18 She spent money as if she always plenty of it
19 Mr Nam ate as if he anything for days
A didn’t eat B haven’t eaten C hadn’t eaten D not ate
20 She walks as if she _ a wooden leg
23
Trang 241 Cách dùng:
* Who: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, làm chủ ngữ cho động từ sau nó.
VD: The women who lives next door is very friendly
* Whom: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, làm tân ngữ cho động từ sau nó Có khi người
ta dùng Who thay cho Whom
VD: The man whom you saw yesterday is my uncle
* Which: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ con vật, đồ vật làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ cho động từ
sau nó
VD: The book which has some wonderful pictures is about Africa
* That: Đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người, vật, đồ vật dùng thay cho Who, Whom, Which, trong mệnh đề
quan hệ thuộc loại Restrictive clauses (mệnh đề hạn định)
VD: The book that you lent me is interesting
This is the man that I met in Paris last month
Lưu ý:
- That được dùng khi danh từ trước nó chỉ cả người, vật.
VD: I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park
- “THAT” KHÔNG bao giờ được dùng SAU DẤU PHẨY, SAU GIỚI TỪ, Nếu Who, Whom, Which, That làm tân ngữ thì ta có thể bỏ đi.
VD: She’s the person who(m) I met at the party
She ’s the person I met at the party
Have you ever seen the dress that I’ve just bought?
Have you ever seen the dress I’ve just bought?
* Whose: thay cho tính từ sở hữu trước danh từ (HER / HIS / THEIR / ITS + DANH TỪ)
VD: I’ve got a friend whose brother is an actor
John found a cat whose leg was broken
* When: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ thời gian dùng để thay thế cho (at/on/in) which, then.
VD: I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I met her
That was the time when (at which) he managed the company
* Where: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ nơi chốn dùng để thay cho (at/on/in) which, there.
VD: I went to the office where (in which) my father works
Dalat is the place where (to which) I like to come
* Why: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ lí do dùng để thay cho “the reason”.
VD: I don’t understand the reason why he was late
* Dạng rút gọn của mệnh đề quan hệ (Reduced form of relative clauses)
1 Dạng 1:
…N + who /which / that + be + V ing => ….N + V ing … (bỏ who /which / that + be )
VD: The man who is talking to you is my uncle => The man talking to you is my uncle (bỏ who is)
2 Dạng 2:
… N + who /which/which + V => …N + V ing … (bỏ who/which/that)
VD: The path which leads to my village is very muddy => The path leading to my village… (bỏ which )
24
Trang 25VD: She was the last candidate who was interviewed last Sunday
=> She was the last candidate to be interviewed Phần bài tập:
Dạng 1: Điền đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ.
Trong dạng này, tiến hành theo các bước sau:
+ Nhận dạng danh từ trước khoảng trống là N(người) hay N(vật), N(nơi chốn) hay N(tg)
+ Tìm đại từ, trạng từ quan hệ phù hợp với chức năng của nó:
1, N(người) _who /that_ V ; N(người) , _who V
2, N(người) _whom / that_ S + V ; N(người) , _whom_ S + V
3, N(vật) _which /that_ S + V / V ; N(vật) , _which_ S + V / V
4, N(người) + N(vật) _that_
5, N(người) + giới từ (in / on / about / with / to ) whom
6, N(vật) + giới từ (in / on / about / with / to ) which
7, N _whose_ N + V ; N_whose_ N + be ; N _whose_ N + S + V
Danh từ này không có “a/an/the/her/his/their”
8, N(nơi chốn) _where_ S + V
9 N(tg) _when_ S + V
10 reason _why_ S + V Bài tập 1: Điền đại từ hoặc trạng từ quan hệ thích hợp vào ô trống:
1 The street _leads to my school is very wide
2 That man, _name I didn’t remember, is an architect
3 That was the reason _I couldn’t come early
4 Do you know the girl _Tom is talking to?
5 The novel _you need can’t be found in the library
6 Can you suggest the time _we can have another discussion about this problem
7 Tell me the countries _people drive on the left
8 Is there anyone _can help me do this?
9 Marie Curie, _discovered radium, is one of the greatest in our time
10 The hotel _we are looking at is the biggest in Ho Chi Minh city
Bài tập 2: Chọn từ, cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau.
1 The place we spent our holiday was really beautiful
2 The children, parents work late, are taken home by bus
3 He wanted to know the reason I was late
4 My uncle, you met yesterday, is a lawyer
5 Dien Bien Phu is the place our army won a resounding victory in 1954
6 The man we met yesterday was the manager of a bicycle factory
7 In our school library, there are several large tables we can sit to read books
8 Yesterday was the day they celebrated their 21st wedding anniversary
25
Trang 269 That’s the house he used to stay.
10 This house, he bought in 1990, is being repaired at the moment
11 The woman son is studying at Hanoi University of Technology is a teacher
12 The boy eyes are brown is my friend
13 He never talks about the people he has helped.
14 This school is only for children first language is not English
15 Mrs John, son won the championship last year lives next door to us
Dạng 2: Ghép câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ, trạng từ quan hệ:
Trong dạng này, nên dùng phương pháp loại trừ những đáp án không đúng dựa vào:
+ Dùng đại từ quan hệ thì phải bỏ những từ mà nó đã thay thế phía sau
+ Dùng đại từ quan hệ sai
+ Trường hợp có giới từ và dấu phẩy
A from who I bought this old car B which I bought this old car from
C from that I bought this old car D from whom I bought this old car
2 An architect is someone
A that design buildings B who designs buildings
C whose designs buildings D which designs buildings
3 The girl is now in hospital
A whom injured in the accident B was injured in the accident
C who was injured in the accident D that she was injured in the accident
4 The man was on holiday
5 Do you know the girl
6 I haven’t got a passport,
A that means I can’t leave the country B it means I can’t leave the country
B which means I can’t leave the country D who means I can’t leave the country
7 The girl _ is Australian
8 None of the people could come
A was invited to the party B were invited to the party
C who invited to the party D invited to the party
9 An orphan is a child _
C that parents are dead D his parents are dead
10 The hotel _ was very clean
26
Trang 27
DATE: / / 2017
LESSON 9: MỆNH ĐÊ QUAN HỆ & RÚT GỌN
BÀI TẬP VỀ MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ
EXERCISE I : Write who, that, which, or nothing to complete these sentences :
1 Have you got the money _ I lent you yesterday ?
2.Peter, _ I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party
3 This is the machine _ cost half a million pounds
4 Mary, _ had been listening to the conversation, looked angry
5 Have you read the book _ I gave you ?
6 The house, _ they bought three months ago, looks lovely
7 Mrs Jackson, _ had been very ill, died yesterday
8 Is this the person _ stole your handbag ?
9 The dog, _ had been very quiet, suddenly started barking
10 I didn’t receive the letters _ she sent me
11 My mother, _ hadn’t been expecting visitors, looked surprised
12 The old man, had been talking to them earlier, knew that they were in the building
13 The horse, _ had been injured by the flying stones, was very frightened
14 We didn’t like the secretary _ the agency sent
15 I didn’t find the money _ you said you’d left
EXERCISE II : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :
1 This is the man I met him in Paris _
2 I wanted the painting You bought it _
3 This is the chair My parents gave it to me _
4 She’s the woman She telephoned the police _
5 He’s the person He wanted to buy your house _
6 We threw out the computer It never worked properly
7 This is the lion It’s been ill recently _
8 The man was badly injured He was driving the car _
9 The children broke the window They live in the next street _
10 That’s the woman I was telling you about her
EXERCISE III : Join each pair of sentences using relative pronouns :
1.The man didn’t come back again I shouted at him ………
2 The television never worked again I dropped it ………
3 The machine was broken I hired it ………
27
Trang 284 The clothes were beautiful She bought some clothes ………
5 The wall fell down after three weeks They built the wall ………
6 The policeman wasn’t very helpful I asked him ………
7 I didn’t really like the car We bought it ………
8 I lost the money I borrowed it from John ………
9 She is the most intelligent woman I’ve ever met this woman ………
10 This doctor is famous You visited him yesterday ………
11.These children are orphans She is taking care of these children ………
12.My father goes swimming everyday You met him this morning ……… 13.The man is my father I respect this man most ………
14.The man is my father I respect his opinion most ………
15.Mary and Margaret are twins You met them yesterday ………
16 I’ll introduce you to the man His support is necessary for your project ………
17 The middle-aged man is the director My father is talking to him ………
18 The boy is my cousin You make fun of him ………
19 The student is from china He sits next to me ………
20 I thanked the woman This woman had helped me ………
EXERCISE IV : Write relative pronouns to complete these sentences.
1 We visited the school _ my father taught
2 I met her last month, _ she came to our house
3 We all looked at the place _ the fire had started
4 Did they tell you the reason _ they were late?
5 The cat sat on the wall _ it had a good view of the birds
6 They arrived in the evening, at a time _ we were all out
7 I couldn’t understand the reason _ they were so rude
8 I met him in the cafe _ he was working as a waiter
9 I listen to music late at night, _ the children have gone to bed
10 I bought them in August, _ I was in France
11 Let me see all the letters _ you have written
12 Is there any one can help me do this?
13 Mr Brown, _ is only 34, is the director of this company
14 I know a place roses grow in abundance
15 It was the nurse told me to come in
16 The teacher with , we studied last year no longer teaches in our school
17 They showed me the hospital buildings had been destroyed by US bombings
18 We saw many soldiers and tanks were moving to the front
19 Dr Fleming, _ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945
28
Trang 2920 He joined the political party _ was in power.
21 Love, is a wonderful feeling, comes to everyone at some time in his life
22 Freedom is something for _ millions have given their lives
23 It is easy to find faults in people we dislike
24 The really happy people are those _ enjoy their daily work
25 We must find a time _ we can meet and a place _ we can talk
EXERCISE VI: CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER:
1) The book I bought at the bookstore yesterday is expensive
A who B whose C that D B & C are correct
2) What’s the name of the blonde girl just came in?
A who B whose C whom D A & B are correct
3) I don’t like people lose their tempers easily
A who B whose C that D A & C are correct
4) Mexico City, has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world A which B whose C that D A & B are correct
5) This is Henry, sister works for my father
A who B whose C that D All are correct
6) He’s the man people like at first sight A who B whom C that D A & C are correct 7) Could you iron the trousers are hanging up behind the door?
A who B which C that D B & C are correct
8) Where is the girl sells tickets A who B whose C whom D A & C are correct9) The man we consider our leader had much experience in climbing mountains
A who B whose C whom D A & C are correct
10) The artist name I couldn’t remember was one of the best I had ever seen
A who B whose C that D A & C are correct
11) Frank invited Janet, he had met in Japan, to the party
A who B whose C that D A & C are correct
12 The girl design had been chosen stepped to the platform to receive the award
A whose B whom C that D which
13) I need to find a painting will match the rest of my room A whose B whom C who D which14) There are too many poor people do not have enough to eat in the world
A whose B whom C who D which
15) The trees have the beautiful flowers grow near the gate of the garden
16) The teacher teaches us French is coming today
17) What’s the music to you are listening?
29
Trang 30A whose B which C that D B & C are correct
DATE: / / 2017
LESSON 10 : CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT ( REPORTED SPEECH)
Phần lý thuyết:
Sử dụng thì trong câu tường thuật
Các em tiến hành theo các bước:
- Xác định động từ tường thuật xem coi nó ở QK => Lùi thì; HT => Không lùi thì.
- Xác định động từ trong mệnh đề tường thuật dựa vào trạng từ
- Lưu ý nếu là dạng câu hỏi, các em cần phải sắp xếp theo đúng trật của câu tường thuật (không có đảo ngữ).
VD1: He said he had worked (work) here for six years.
- Trong VD2, các em xác định từ said là ở QK => lùi thì.
- Trong mệnh đề tường thuật có for 6 years => HTHT nên các em phải lùi thành QKHT.
- Đây là câu kể nên các em chia QKHT (had worked) là đúng.
VD3: They asked her the day before
A what you had done B what did she do
C what had she done D what she had done
- Trong VD3, các em xác định từ “asked” là QK => lùi thì
- Trong mđ tường thuật có “the day before” là chuyển đổi của “yesterday” : QKĐ => QKHT
- Đây là dạng câu hỏi W-H nên có dạng : S + V + (O) + W-h + S + V Vậy các em chỉ còn đáp án A
và D Nhưng ở A, “you” chưa được đổi, nên chọn D là đúng
Bài tập ứng dụng:
Bài tập 1: Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1 She said that she (already, see) DR Rice
2 They told me they (not, eat) such kind of food before
3 He said he (return) later
4 She said she (collect) it for me after work
5 Jason asked me who (give)me the book the day before
6 Robert said that his father (go) to Dallas the year before
7 He wanted to know if we (go) shopping during the previous morning
8 John often says he (not, like) boxing because it (be) a cruel sport
Bài tập 2: Chon từ hoặc cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau.
1 She said I _ an angel
2 I have ever told you he _ unreliable
3 John asked me _ in English
A what does this word mean B what that word means
meant
4 Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _
A yesterday B two days ago C the day before D the next day
5 John asked me _ that film the night before
A that I saw B had I seen C if I had seen D if had I seen
Trang 317 Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer _.
8 Andrew told me that they _ fish two previous days
9 Jason told me that he _ his best in the exam the following day
10 Did they say they me again ?
A will phone B have phoned C would phone D had phoned
Dạng 2: Sử dụng hình thức của động từ trong câu tường thuật
Trong dạng này các em phải thuộc công thức của câu tường thuật ở dạng mệnh lệnh khẳng định
và phủ định, một số động từ đặc biệt như:
Suggest + Ving : đề nghị advise + O + to Vo: khuyên ai làm gìDeny + Ving : từ chối đã làm gì invite + O + to Vo : mời ai làm gì
Admit + Ving : thừa nhận đã làm remind + O + toVo : nhắc nhở ai làm gì
Apologize for + Ving: xin lỗi ai vì đã ask + O + to Vo : yêu cầu ai làm gì
Look forward to + Ving: mong đợi làm gì promise to Vo : hứa làm gì
Accuse + O + of + Ving : tố cáo ai đã agree + to Vo : đồng ý làm gí
Thank + O + for + Ving: cám ơn ai vì đã refuse + to Vo : từ chối ko làm gìPrevent + O + from + : ngăn cản ai làm gì encourage + O + to Vo: khuyến khích ai làmBlame + O + for + Ving: phàn nàn ai đã allow + O + to Vo: cho phép ai làm
VD1: I told her _ on the stairs
A don’t sit B not sit C not to sit D to not sit
- Trong VD1, các em phải nhìn những đáp áp để nhận ra dạng của câu tường thuật Đây là dạng mệnh
lệnh phủ định, vậy các em phải nhớ công thức : Speaker + told / asked + O + not to V o , dựa vào đây, các em chọn đáp án C là đúng
VD2: “Don’t play video games all the time!”, he said
A He told the boy not tot play video games all the time.
B He said to the boy not play video games all the time
C He told to the boy not to play video games all the time
D He said the boy not play video games all the time
- Trong VD2, các em cũng phải nhận dạng được đây là mệnh lệnh khẳng định để loại 2 đáp án không
đúng là B, D vì trong câu mệnh lệnh, không dùng động từ tường thuật “said” Các em cũng có quyền loại đáp án C vì “told” không đi với “to” Vậy đáp án A là đúng.
VD3: The office _ us to pay the money
- Trong VD3, các em dựa vào hình thức của các động từ (như thầy đã liệt kê ơ trên) của từng đáp án, vậy chỉ có đáp án B là đúng
VD4: “If I were you, I would take the job,” said my room-mate
A My room-mate was thinking about taking the job
B My room-mate advised me to take the job.
C My room-mate introduced the idea of taking the job to me
D My room-mate insisted on taking the job for me
- Trong VD4, các em phải biết nội dung của câu tường thuật trực tiếp (nếu tôi là bạn tôi sẽ nhận công việc đó) Như vậy có nghĩa là khuyên ai làm gì đó => động từ tường thuật sẽ chúng ta sẽ dùng ADVISE Đáp án B là chính xác nhất
Bài tập thực hành:
Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau:
1 His parents never allowed him
31
Trang 322 The teacher told his students laughing.
3 His sister apologized rude to him
4 I advised her anything about it to her friends
5 I asked Barbara to let me her car for the weekend
6 I'm looking forward _ receiving your email soon.
7 The teacher advised him harder
8 The mother told her son _ so impolitely
A not behave B not to behave C not behaving D did not behave
9 She told the boys _ on the grass
A do not play B did not play C not playing D not to play
10 He advised _ too far
A her did not go B her do not go C her not to go D she did not go
11 He asked _ him some money
A her to lend B she to lend C she has lent D she lends
12 She apologized to the teacher _ being late
13 I _ everybody for all the help they had given me
14 The teacher encouraged _ good compositions
15 The doctor told me _
A I stay in bed for a few days B I will stay in bed for a few days
C I have to stay in bed for a few days D to stay in bed for a few days
DATE: / / 2017
LESSON 11 : CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT ( CONT )
* PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG
A Choose the correct answer among A , B C or D.
1 “I wish eat vegetables”, he said
A my children will B my children would C whether my children would D my children must
2 He wants to know whether I _ back tomorrow
A come B came C will come D would come
3 I wonder why he love his family
A doesn’t B don’t C didn’t D hasn’t
4 He begged them -
A help him B should help him C to help him D help to him
5 Peter asked Jane why - the film on T.V the previous night
A didn’t she watch B hadn’t she watched C she doesn’t watch D she hadn’t watched
6 He advised them - in class
A to not talk B not to talk C to talk not D don’t talk
7 Some one was wondering if the taxi - yet
32
Trang 33A had arrived B arrived C arrives D has arrived
8 The government has announced that taxes -
A would be raised B had been raised C were raised D will be raised
9 He proved that the earth - round the Sun
A had gone B was going C goes D would go
10 Claire wanted to know what time -
A do the banks close B the banks closed C did the banks close D the banks would close
11 Julia said that she _ there at noon
12 He _ that he was leaving that afternoon
13 She said to me that she to me the Sunday before
14 Nam wanted to know what time
A does the movie begin B did the movie begin C the movie begins D the movie began
15 He asked me _ Robert and I said I did not know _
A that did I know / who were he B that I knew / who he had been
C if I knew/ who he was D whether I knew / who had he been
16 I asked Martha to enter law school
A was she planning B is she planning C if she was planning D are youplanning
17 I wondered _ the right thing
A whether I was doing B if I am doing C was I doing D am I doing
18 Thu said she had been _ the day before
19 Peter said that if he rich, he _ a lot
A is – will travel B were- would travel C was – will travel C been–wouldtravel
20 They said that they had been driving through the desert
previously
21 He asked the children _too much noise
make
22 Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _
A yesterday B two days ago C the day before D the next day
23 Mr Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the……… day
24 John said he _ her since they school
A hasn’t met–left B hadn’t met-had left C hadn’t met/ left D didn’tmeet –left
25 The woman asked get lunch at school
A can the children B whether the children could C if the children can D could thechildren
26 She said that when she _ to school, she saw an accident
walking
27 He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?” - He asked why the final exam
A she took B did she take C she hadn’t taken D she had taken
28 Peter said he some good marks the semester before
29 They told their parents that they _ their best to do the test
33
Trang 34A try B will try C are trying D would try
30 Mary asked me where I _ from
31 She asked me _ my holidays _
A where I spent / the previous year B where I had spent/ the previous year
C where I spent / last year D where did I spend / last year
32 He asked me who the editor of that book
33 Jason told me that he _ his best in the exam the _ day
A had done/ following B will do/previous C would do/ following D was going/ previous
34 The guest told the host that _
A I must go now B he must go now C he had to go now D he had to go then
B Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each sentence below.
35 '' Where did you go last night''? she said to her boyfriend.
A She asked her boyfriend where did he go last night
B She asked her boyfriend where he went the night before
C She asked her boyfriend where had he gone the night before
D She asked her boyfriend where he had gone the night before.
36 '' Remember to write to your aunt'' I said to Miss Linh.
A I said to Miss Linh remember to write to her aunt
B I said to Miss Linh to remember to write to her aunt
C I told Miss Linh remember to write to her aunt
D I reminded Miss Linh to remember to write to her aunt.
37 '' How long have you lived in Ha Noi''? said my friend.
A My friend asked me how long have I lived in HaNoi
B My friend asked me how long had I lived in HaNoi
C My friend asked me how long I had lived in HaNoi.
D My friend asked me how long I have lived in HaNoi
38 ''Close the books, please'' said our teacher.
A Close your book said by our teacher B Our teacher asked us close our book
C Our teacher said us close our book D Our teacher asked us to close our book.
39 “I didn’t break your watch” the boy said.
A The boy told the girl that he hadn’t broken her watch.
B The boy asked the girl that he hadn’t broken her watch
C The boy told the girl that he didn’t break her watch
D The boy told the girl that he hadn’t broken your watch
40 “Don’t make noise because I am listening music now” he said to me.
A He asked me not to make noise because I am listening music now
B He asked me not to make noise because I was listening music then
C He asked me not to make noise because he was listening music then.
D He asked me to make noise because I was listening music then
41 “I have just seen your mother this morning” Laura said to Lewis.
A Laura told Lewis I have just seen your mother this morning
B Laura told Lewis she had just seen his mother that morning.
C Laura told Lewis she has just seen his mother that morning
D Laura told Lewis he had just seen her mother that morning
42 “We are ready to come with our friends” they said.
A They told us they are ready to come with their friends.B They told us they were ready to come with our friends C They told us we were ready to come with our friends
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Trang 35D They told us they were ready to come with their friends.
43 “I was intending to meet you tomorrow” she said.
A She told me she was intending to meet me tomorrow
B She told me she had intending to meet me the next day
C She told me she had been intending to meet me tomorrow
D She told me she had been intending to meet me the next day.
44 Mrs Smith: “ Don’t play in front of my windows”
A Mrs Smith told us not to play in front of her windows
B Mrs Smith told us not to play in front of my windows
C Mrs Smith told us to not play in front of her windows.
D Mrs Smith said us not to play in front of her windows
45 “I didn’t witness that accident.”
A He denied not having witnessed that accident B He denied having witnessed that accident.
C He denied not having witnessing that accident D He denied not had witnessed that accident
46 “You cheated in the exam.” The teacher said to his students
A The teacher insisted his students on cheating in the exam
B The teacher prevented his students from cheating in the exam
C The teacher advised his students to cheat in the exam
D The teacher accused his students of cheating in the exam.
47 " Don't forget to give the book back to Mary," he said to me.
A He reminded me to give the book back to Mary
B He reminded me to forget to give the book back to Mary
C He advised me to give the book back to Mary
D He advised me to forget to give the book back to Mary
48."Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?" he said.
A He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night
B He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight
C He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight
D He would like me to go to the cinema with him this night
49.'Remember to pick me up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon," she said.
A She told me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon
B She reminded me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the following afternoon.
C She reminded me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next afternoon
D She told me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next day afternoon
50." Let's have a picnic next Saturday," Julia said.
A Julia said that let's have a picnic the next Saturday
B Julia suggested having a picnic the following Saturday.
C Julia advised how about having a picnic the next Saturday
D Julia told that why they didn't have a picnic next Saturday
51 "If I were you, I'd tell him the truth," she said to me.
A She said to me that if I were you, I'd tell him the truth B She will tell him the truth if she is me
C She suggested to tell him the truth if she were me D She advised me to tell him the truth.
52 “ Why don't you have your room repainted?" said Viet to Nam.
A Viet suggested that Nam should have his room repainted.
B Viet suggested having Nam's room repainted
C Viet asked Nam why you didn't have your room repainted
D Viet wanted to know why Nam doesn't have his room repainted
53 "If I were you Bill, I'd buy the house, " Stephen said.
A Stephen suggested Bill to buy the house B Stephen advised Bill to buy the house.
C Stephen promised Bill that he would buy the house D Stephen forced Bill to buy the house
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Trang 3654 “Don’t forget to feed the chicken twice a day.”
A He said don’t forget to feed the chicken twice a day.B He told not to forget to feed the chicken twice a
day C He reminded me to feed the chicken twice a day
D He suggested me to feed the chicken twice a day
55 “Never borrow money from friends,” my father said.
A My father told me never to borrow money from friends.
B My father said to me never borrow money from friends
C My father suggested me never borrowing money from friends
D My father advised me not borrow money from friends
56 "Right I'll take the brown pair, "Andrew said.
A Andrew promised to take the brown pair B Andrew wanted to take the brown pair
C Andrew agreed to take the brown pair D Andrew asked to take the brown pair.
57 "I will ring you up after I get home." Peter said to Mary.
A Peter promised to give Mary a wedding ring after he got home
B Peter asked Mary to pay him a visit after he' got home
C Peter promised to visit Mary after he got home
D Peter promised to telephone Mary after he got home.
58 I suggested that he should paint the house light blue.
A "Shall we painted the house light blue?" I said to him
B "How about to paint the house light blue?" I said to him
C "Let's paint the house light blue," I said to him
D "Why don't you paint the house light blue?" I said to him.
59 He reminded me to buy him some stamps.
A "Don't forget to buy me some stamps," he said B "Remember buying me some stamps," said he.
C "Remind to buy me some stamps," said he D "Don't deny buying me some stamps.," he said
60 "I'll definitely return it to you tomorrow, " John said.
A John said that he'll return it to me the next day B John promised to return it to me the next day.
C John told that he'll return it to me the next day D John decided to return it to me next day
61 "You mustn't call the police," he said to his wife.
I don’t know how to use this computer
I don’t know what to do
3 *Verb +O +To V:
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desire expect fail help hope intend learn manage mean need offer plan prepare pretend promise propose refuse seem tend want wish
Would like
order permit request tell want warn wish
Trang 37Ex: He advised me to leave here early
II GERUND: ( V-ing / not V-ing)
1 *Verb + V-ing / not V-ing
Ex: We enjoy playing football.
2 Những thành ngữ với”go+V-ing”:
Go camping (đi cắm trại) go shopping(đi mua sắm) go swimming
Go dancing (đi khiêu vũ) go fishing (đi câu cá)
3 Preposition+gerund(giới từ + V-ing):
Interested in (thích thú) think about (nghĩ về) apolosize for(xin lỗi về)Insist on (khăng khăng về) talk about (nói về) instea of (thay vì)Fond of (thich) , look forward to (trông mong ) thank sb for (cám ơn ai về ), prevent from
4 Những thành ngữ với gerund (expressions+gerund):
-can’t help -can’t bear, can’t stand (không thể chịu được)-it is no good, it is no use (vô ích)
-there is no (không còn cách)-would you mind? (xin ông làm ơn)-do you mind(ông có phiền không)-have trouble(lo lắng, phiền muộn)
5 *Adjectives +gerund:
6 * Sau articles (the), tính từ sở hữu (my, her, his, their…)
Would you mind my opening the windows? = would you mind if I opened the windows?
7 Những cấu trúc khác
Prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing : ………
Waste + time+ V-ing ……… Need + V-ing : ………… ………
III NOTES:
A GERUND or INFINITIVE: (the meaning changes)
+ to V (dừng lại để làm việc khác) He stopped to eat (dừng công việc để ăn)
+ V-ing (từ bỏ, dừng việc đang làm) My father stopped smoking two months ago (bỏ hút thuốc)
Try + to V (cố gắng làm việc gì)
I will try to study hard so that my parents stop
worrying about me
+ V-ing (thử làm việc gì) He tried making a cake but he didn’t succeed.
B VERBS OF PERCEPTION:
SEE / HEAR / WATCH / SMELL / FEEL / NOTICE + O + V0 : sự hoàn tất của hành độngSEE / HEAR / WATCH / SMELL / FEEL / NOTICE + O + Ving: sự tiếp diễn của hành động
Ex: We saw him leave the house.
She smelt something burning and saw smoke rising.
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detest enjoy finish keep imagine mind hate
resent resist risk suggest understand dislike Prefer
Trang 38C Make / let + O + Vo
Ex: He made me move my car.
D Modal Verbs (will, can, may, must, should, had better, have to ) + Vo
Ex: The children had better go to bed early.
Bài tập 1: Cho hình thức đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.
1 Ms Thompson is always willing to help, but she doesn’t want _ (call) at home unless there is anemergency
2 When I told Tim the news, he seemed _ (surprise)
3 He was often made _ (drink) milk by his mother
4 The injured man couldn’t walk and had to _ (carry)
5 Mr Miller hates _(keep) waiting
6 The prisoner (think) to have escaped by climbing over a wall
7 Pupils usually have their eyes _ (test) regularly
8 Tom is thought (meet) the runaway murderer last week
9 I expected (invite) to the party, but I wasn’t
10 When did you finish (paint) the kitchen ?
Bài tập 2: Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau:
1 His parents never allowed him
2 The teacher told his students laughing
3 His sister apologized rude to him
4 I advised her anything about it to her friends
5 I asked Barbara to let me her car for the weekend
6 I'm looking forward _ receiving your email soon.
7 The teacher advised him harder
8 The mother told her son _ so impolitely
A not behave B not to behave C not behaving D did not behave
9 She told the boys _ on the grass
A do not play B did not play C not playing D not to play
10 He advised _ too far
A her did not go B her do not go C her not to go D she did not go
11 He asked _ him some money
A her to lend B she to lend C she has lent D she lends
12 She apologized to the teacher _ being late
13 I _ everybody for all the help they had given me
14 The teacher encouraged _ good compositions
15 The doctor told me _
A I stay in bed for a few days B I will stay in bed for a few days
C I have to stay in bed for a few days D to stay in bed for a few days
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Trang 39 Là chủ ngữ của câu: Dancing bored him
Bổ ngữ của động từ: Her hobby is
Là chủ ngữ của câu: painting
Là bổ ngữ: Seeing is
Là chủ ngữ của câu: believing
Sau giới từ: He is interested in
Là chủ ngữ của câu: watching films on Tv.
Sau một vài động từ: avoid, mind, enjoy
Imagine: tưởng tượng
Involve: dính líu, liên quan
Keep: giữ, tiếp
Prevent: ngăn ngừa
Postpone: hoãn lại