Decree No. 88 2015 ND-CP on penalties of administrative violations in labor, social insurance and overseas manpower supp...
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN NEONATES, RENAL DISEASE AND CANCER PATIENTS Edited by Mohammed A. Abdelaal Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolism in Neonates, Renal Disease and Cancer Patients Edited by Mohammed A. Abdelaal Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright © 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech, authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers, this license allows users to download, copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Dejan Grgur Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published May, 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com Pathophysiology and Clinical Aspects of Venous Thromboembolism in Neonates, Renal Disease and Cancer Patients, Edited by Mohammed A. Abdelaal p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0616-6 Contents Preface VII Section 1 Some Aspects of Pathogenesis of Thrombosis 1 Chapter 1 Microparticles: Role in Haemostasis and Venous Thromboembolism 3 Anoop K. Enjeti and Michael Seldon Chapter 2 Hyperhomocysteinemia: Relation to Cardiovascular Disease and Venous Thromboembolism 17 Nadja Plazar and Mihaela Jurdana Section 2 Venous Thromboembolism in Certain Groups of Patients 35 Chapter 3 Venous Thromboembolism in Neonates, Children and Patients with Chronic Renal Disease – Special Considerations 37 Pedro Pablo García Lázaro, Gladys Patricia Cannata Arriola, Gloria Soledad Cotrina Romero and Pedro Arauco Nava Chapter 4 Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients 73 Galilah F. Zaher and Mohamed A. Abdelaal Chapter 5 Thrombosis Associated with Immunomodulatory Agents in Multiple Myeloma 115 Jose Ramon Gonzalez-Porras and María-Victoria Mateos Section 3 Emerging Issues in Thromboprophylaxis 129 Chapter 6 Aetiology of Deep Venous Thrombosis - Công ty Luật Minh Gia www.luatminhgia.com.vn THE GOVERNMENT Decree No 88/2015/ND-CP dated October 07, 2015 of the Government on amending a number of article of the Decree No 95/2013/ND-CP dated August 22, 2013 of the Government on penalties of administrative violations in labor, social insurance and overseas manpower supply by contract Pursuant to the Law on Government organization dated December 25, 2001; Pursuant to the Law on Actions against administrative violations dated June 20, 2012; Pursuant to the Labor Code dated June 18, 2012; Pursuant to the Law on Trade Union dated June 20, 2012; Pursuant to the Law on Employments dated November 16, 2013; Pursuant to the Law on Social insurance dated June 29, 2006; Pursuant to the Law on Social insurance dated November 20, 2014; Pursuant to the Law on Vietnamese guest workers dated November 29, 2006; At the request of the Minister of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs, The Government promulgates a Decree on amending a number of articles of the Decree No 95/2013/ND-CP dated August 22, 2013 of the Government on penalties of administrative violations in labor, social insurance and overseas manpower supply by contract Article To amend a number of articles of the Decree No 95/2013/ND-CP dated August 22, 2013 of the Government on penalties of administrative violations in labor, social insurance and overseas manpower supply by contract To amend Article as follows: “Article Fines for administrative violations against regulations on employment, social insurance, social insurance, and Vietnamese guest workers The fines for violations mentioned in Chapter II, Chapter III, and Chapter IV of this Decree are applied to individuals, except for the cases mentioned in Clauses 1, 2, of Article 4, Clauses 2, 4, of Article 9, Clause and Clause LUẬT SƯ TƯ VẤN PHÁP LUẬT 24/7: 1900 6169 Công ty Luật Minh Gia www.luatminhgia.com.vn of Article 17, Clause of Article 28, Articles 29 through 34 of this Decree The fine incurred by an organization is twice the fine incurred by an individual for the same violation The maximum fines the persons mentioned in Chapter V may impose are incurred by individuals The maximum fines they may impose upon organizations are twice the fines imposed upon individuals.” To amend Article as follows: “Article Violations against regulations on employment services Warnings or fines of from VND 500,000 to VND 1,000,000 shall be imposed upon any employment agency that notifies its employment service operation against the law A fine of from VND 1,000,000 to VND 3,000,000 shall be imposed for each worker who is required by the employment agency to pay employment service charges beyond permissible limits A fine of from VND 5,000,000 to VND 10,000,000 shall be imposed upon any employment agency that provides false or confusing information about job positions A fine of from VND 45,000,000 to VND 60,000,000 shall be imposed upon any employment agency that provides employment services without an employment service license issued by a competent authority or uses an expired employment service license Remedial measures: The employment agency shall be compelled to: a) Return the amount of employment service charges collected beyond permissible limits to the payers if the violation mentioned in Clause of this Article is committed; b) Return the employment service charges to the payers if the violation mentioned in Clause of this Article is committed.” To add Article 4a after Article as follows: “Article 4a Violations against regulations on recruitment and management of workers A fine of from VND 1,000,000 to VND 3,000,000 shall be imposed upon any employer that commits any of the following violations: a) Failure to publicly announce the labor demand, failure to announce the labor demand at least working days before receiving workers’ applications, or LUẬT SƯ TƯ VẤN PHÁP LUẬT 24/7: 1900 6169 Công ty Luật Minh Gia www.luatminhgia.com.vn failure to make an announcement that contain sufficient information as prescribed by law; b) Failure to publicly announce the recruitment result or failure to announce the recruitment result within 05 working days from the day on which the result is available A fine of from VND 1,000,000 to VND 3,000,000 shall be imposed upon any employer that commits any of the following violations: a) Collecting money from applicants; b) Failure to make a labor management book; failure to make a labor management book on schedule or that contains sufficient information as prescribed by law; failure to record and update information about works on the labor management book when employment contracts take effect; failure to update information about changes on the labor management book A fine of from VND 5,000,000 to VND 10,000,000 shall be imposed for the act of discrimination by gender, skin color, social class, marital status, belief, religion, HIV infection, impairment in recruitment, employment, and worker management Remedial measures: The employer who ...SHORT REPOR T Open Access Prediction of clinical toxicity in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients by radio-induced apoptosis in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) Elisa Bordón 1 , Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández 1,2* , Pedro C Lara 1,3 , Ana Ruíz 3 , Beatriz Pinar 1,3 , Carlos Rodríguez-Gallego 1,4 , Marta Lloret 1,3 Abstract Head and neck cancer is treated mainly by surgery and radiotherapy. Normal tissue toxicity due to x-ray exposure is a limiting factor for treatment success. Many efforts have been employed to develop predictive tests applied to clinical practice. Determination of lymphocyte radio-sensitivity by radio-induced apoptosis arises as a possible method to predict tissue toxicity due to radiotherapy. The aim of the present study was to analyze radio-induced apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in head and neck canc er patients and to explore their role in predicting radiation induced toxicity. Seventy nine consecutive patients suffering from head and neck cancer, diagnosed and treated in our institution, were included in the study. Toxicity was evaluated using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scale. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolate d and irradiated at 0, 1, 2 and 8 Gy during 24 hours. Apop- tosis was measured by flow cytometry using annexin V/propidium iodide. Lymphocytes were marked with CD45 APC-conjugated monoclonal antibody. Radiation-induced apoptosis increased in order to radiation dose and fitted to a semi logarithmic model defined by two constants: a and b. a, as the origin of the curve in the Y axis deter- mining the percentage of spontaneous cell death, and b, as the slope of the curve determining the percentage of cell death induced at a determined radiation dose, were obtained. b value was statistically associated to normal tis- sue toxicity in terms of severe xerostomia, as higher levels of apoptosis were observed in patients with low toxicity (p = 0.035; Exp(B) 0.224, I.C.95% (0.060-0.904)). These data agree with our previous results and suggest that it is possible to estimate the radiosensitivity of peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients determining the radiation induced apoptosis with annexin V/propidium iodide staining. b values observed define an individual radiosensitivity profile that could predict late toxicity due to radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients. Any- how, prospective studies with different cancer types and higher number of patients are needed to validate these results. Findings Interpatient heterogeneity in normal tissue reactions due to different treatments varies considerably [1]. Patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) will develop clinical toxi- city and this may limit the success of the treatment [2]. The genetic and molecular mechanisms of therapeutic radiation sensitivity are still poorly understoo d [3,4]. The treatment of head and neck cancer includes surgery and, in advanced stages, radiation. Normal tissue toxicity induced by RT is the main limiting factor in the treat- ment progr ess. K nowledge of individual variations determining tolerance would be of great value. The ab il- ity of cells to detect and r epair DNA damages will con- dition the intrinsic radiosensitivity [5]. The majo rity of radiosensitivity predictive factors are related to gene expression profiles [6,7], although other approaches have been recently proposed [8]. Flow cytometry evalua- tion of lymphocyte apoptosis has been established as a reliable method to measure radiat ion-induced damage [9]. Quant ification of radiation-induced apoptosis (RIA) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) has been pro- posed for the prediction of normal tissue responses after RT [10,11]. It has been published that radi ation-induced T-lymphocyte apoptosis can significantly predict * Correspondence: lhenriquez@dcc.ulpgc.es 1 Canary Institute for Cancer Research (ICIC), Las Palmas, Spain Bordón et al. Radiation Oncology 2010, 5:4 http://www.ro-journal.com/content/5 ACKNOWLEGEMENT First of all, I would like to thank all of the professors from National Economics University (NEU). Thanks to Program Directors, Coordinators of the program and Teachers who did try their best to provide us valuable knowledge during the MBA course. Through all subjects in this course, I gained and widened a lot of knowledge in general, market economy and business management in particularly. They are very useful for my current work and my future career, especially about economic foundation. I also would like to express special thanks to my thesis supervisors, Associate Professor, Dr. Tran Tho Dat, who provided me with valuable advises, guidance during the time I have done the thesis. I am grateful to my colleges, supervisors and managers of Bank for Investment and Development of Viet Nam for their valuable supports and providing me data during the preparation of this Thesis. Thanks to all people whom kind enough to grant me an interview or enthusiastically provide me their feedbacks in my surveys. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 17 INTRODUCTION 17 1.1. Rationale 17 1.2. Research objectives 18 1.3. Research questions 18 1.4. Research methodology 18 1.4.1. Research process 18 1.4.2. Data collection method 19 Secondary data: Secondary data collected via internal source of BIDV. They were collected mainly base on BIDV’s report, regulations and official documents of BIDV, internet and newspapers within 4 years from 2007 to 2010 and used as the data for a desk research. Secondary data is use to analyze the current situation of payment card service on POS in BIDV 19 Primary data: Qualitative and quantitative methods were collected to get the information. Qualitative data is collected through in-depth interview with very important person (VIP) and managers. This data helps researcher to understand clearly about their needs and expectations when they make payment by card. Moreover, the researcher would like to know about their point of view when they use BIDV payment card service, find out their expectations. 19 1.4.3. Analyzing data 20 1.5. Research scope 21 1.6. Research structure 21 CHAPTER 2 22 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND 22 ON CARD AND PAYMENT CARD ON POS 22 2.1. History and development of ATM card and payment card on POS 22 2.2. Definition, classification, feature and transaction processing 24 2.2.1. Definitions 24 2.2.2. Classification type of transactions on POS 25 2.2.3. Feature and transaction processing 26 2 2.3. Member taking part in payment card on POS 26 2.4. Payment card on POS general framework 27 28 Source: Report on Brazilian card industry 28 2.5. Role and benefit of cards and payment card on POS 28 2.5.1. Benefit of card and payment card to the economy 28 2.5.2. Benefit of cards and payment card on POS to customers 29 2.5.3. Benefit of cards and payment card on POS to merchants 29 2.6. Factors affecting to payment card service on POS 30 2.6.1. Habit of using cash in the economy 30 2.6.2. The guidelines and policies government for payment card service on POS 31 2.6.3. The development of science technology 31 2.6.4. The infrastructures for using payment card 32 2.7. Rules for a good payment card service on POS 32 2.7.1. Security service 32 2.7.2. Convenient service 33 2.7.3. Speed processing: 33 2.8. Activities of Payment card service on POS 33 CURRENT SITUATION OF PAYMENT CARD SERVICE ON POS IN BANK FOR INVESTMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAM 36 3.1. Introduction of BIDV 36 3.1.1. General information of BIDV 36 3.1.2. Fields of operation 36 3.1.3. Human Resources and Network: 36 3.1.4. Customers: 37 3.1.5. Technology: 37 3.1.6. Commitment: 38 3.1.7. Business reputation of BIDV: 38 3.2. Overview of payment card services 39 3.2.1. Overview of payment card service on POS in Viet Nam 39 3.2.2. Overview of payment card service in BIDV 40 3.3. Current situation of payment card service on POS in BIDV 42 3.3.1. Type of card accepted at BIDV POS 42 3.3.2. Function 42 3 3.3.3. Type of fee and ratio fee 42 3.3.4. VNUJournalofEducation Rese arch, Vol.29,No.2(2013)24‐33 24 The Policy on Education of the Disabled in Vietnam - The Gaps and Its Impact on the Persons with Disability Nguyễn Thị Hoàng Yến *,1 , Nguyễn Thị Thu Hương 2 * 1 The National Institute of Education Science, 136 Xuân Thủy, Cầu Giấy, Hanoi, Vietnam 2 Training and Development Center for Special Education, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam Received 12 June 2013 Revised 21 August 2013; Accepted 04 December 2013 Abstract: - Purpose: This paper aims to present a comparative analysis of Vietnam’s current policies and laws to support persons with disabilities (PWD) in education and the international legal framework, to identify the gaps in policies and practices in localities as well as making recommendations on the necessary conditions for effective education for people with disabilities in Vietnam; - Method: Two models of education under study, one inclusive method and one special method for the needed conditions and existing situations. Four factors were taken into account including governance/administration, human resources, financing and coordination. Data were collected through desk research, baseline survey of 63 provinces, and interviews and focus group discussions with education managers, stakeholders from provincial, district and communal levels and with people with disabilities.; - Result: The National Law on Disability and the National Action Plan on Disability (NAP) showed the advancement of Vietnam in securing the rights of persons with disabilities in all aspects of the society, including education. Of those 25 basic articles of the UN CRPD, 25 were referred and applied in the national law on disability and the NAP, proving the transition of approach to support PWD, from charity to right based. Gaps in policy and practices identified by the PWD and local authorities included: no monitoring mechanism, support standard does not meet the need of PWD, a small number of PWD were entitled to the support policy compared to high number of PWD in need of support. Conditions contributing to the effective inclusive education included: multi-sector coordination of services, human resources, financial resources, and plan making for regular support. Keywords: Education services for people with disabilities, Policies and practices, Conditions for effective education. 1. Introduction * According to the results of the National Census 2009, Vietnam has 6.7 million people _____ * Corresponding author. Tel.: 84-913584939 Email: nhyen60@gmail.com with disabilities (accounts for 7.8% of total population). People with disabilities were considered by the State as one of the social protection objects that need attentions and support from community. In 2010, the National Assembly of Vietnam officially enacted the N.T.H.Yến,N.T.T.Hương/VNUJournalofEducationResearch,Vol.29,No.2(2013)24‐33 25 National Law on Disability, effective from January 1 st , 2011 - marking an advancement in gradually improving a legal framework to ensure the rights of PWD, contributing to mobilization of resources and participation of Government, Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), related stakeholders, people with disabilities and their families in order to build up a free barrier and right based society, leading to full inclusion of the Vietnamese with disabilities into the society. The law has one chapter regulating conditions to ensure the rights of PWD to education. However, the legal framework is just a primary condition to ensure effective and sustainable education work to support people with disabilities. Based on the legal framework as foundation, the education support service system on disability should be comprehensively and strategically improved, developed and coordinated by different sectors in responding to the diversified needs of PWD. Although there is yet a formal THE GOVERNMENT SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM Independence – Freedom – Happiness - No.: 155/2016/ND-CP Hanoi, November 18, 2016 DECREE PENALTIES FOR ADMINISTRATIVE VIOLATIONS AGAINST REGULATIONS ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Pursuant to the Law on the Organization of the Government dated June 19, 2015; Pursuant to the Law on Actions against administrative violations dated June 20, 2012; Pursuant to the Law on environmental protection dated June 23, 2014; Pursuant to the Law on biodiversity dated November 13, 2008; Pursuant to the Law on environmental police forces dated December 23, 2014; At the request of Minister of Natural Resources and Environment; The Government promulgates a Decree to provide for penalties for administrative violations against regulations on environmental protection Chapter I GENERAL PROVISIONS Article Scope This Decree deals with violations, penalties, fines, remedial measures against administrative violations, the power to make administrative violation notices and the power to impose penalties against administrative violations; responsibilities and mechanism for cooperation in inspecting and imposing penalties against administrative violations against regulations on environmental protection The administrative violations against regulations on environmental protection prescribed in this Decree consist of: a) Violations against regulations on environmental protection plans, environmental impact assessment (hereinafter referred to as “EIA”) and environmental protection schemes; b) Acts of violation causing environmental pollution; c) Violations against regulations on waste management; d) Violations against regulations on environmental protection committed by production, business and service establishments (hereinafter referred to as business establishments) and industrial parks, export processing zones, high-tech parks, industrial complexes and concentrations of businesses and service providers (hereinafter referred to as concentrations of producers, businesses and service providers); dd) Violations against regulations on environmental protection in the fields of import of machinery, equipment, means of transport, materials, fuels, scraps, bio-preparations; import of used seagoing ships for dismantlement; festival and tourism activities, and mining of minerals; e) Violations against regulations on prevention and control of environmental pollution and degradation, and environmental emergencies; g) Administrative violations related to biodiversity, including: Conservation and sustainable development of natural ecosystems; conservation and sustainable development of living resources; conservation and sustainable development of genetic resources; h) Acts causing obstruction of state management, inspection and imposition of penalties for administrative violations and other acts of violation against regulations on environmental protection as provided for in Chapter II herein Other administrative violations against regulations on environmental protection which are not prescribed in this ... imposed upon vocational training institution that commits any of the following violations and multiplied by the number of workers involved: a) Providing vocational training courses with insufficient... Point b Clause Article 11 and Article 25 of Decree No 95/2013 /ND-CP Regulations of the Law on Social insurance 2014 shall apply to interest rates on unpaid social insurance and unemployment insurance. .. vocational training institution to provide training in vocational skills and foreign languages for people working overseas as requested by the manpower supply contract. ” 23 To amend Point c Clause