Tiếng anh chuyên ngành giáo dục chính trị (dành cho sinh viên đại học giáo dục chính trị)

3 Unit 1: AN INTRODUCTION INTO MARXISM - LENINISM Marxism–Leninism is a political ideology combining Marxism the scientific socialist concepts theorised by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel

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TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC QUẢNG BÌNH

KHOA NGOẠI NGỮ

GIÁO TRÌNH (Lưu hành nội bộ)

TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH (Dành cho sinh viên Đại học Giáo dục chính trị)

Tác giả: Nguyễn Thị Hồng Thắm

Năm 2016

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Unit 1: AN INTRODUCTION INTO MARXISM - LENINISM 2

Unit 2: THE GOAL OF MARXISM - LENINISM 6

Unit 3: COMPONENTS OF MARXISM - LENINISM 8

Unit 4: PHILOSOPHICAL THEORY 11

Unit 5: GOVERNMENT 13

Unit 6: LAW 15

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LỜI NÓI ĐẦU

Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Giáo dục chính trị là giáo trình được biên soạn theo

khung chương trình giáo dục đại học ngành Giáo dục chính trị Giáo trình được biên soạn theo hướng giới thiệu các từ vựng, thuật ngữ thường được sử dụng trong chuyên ngành Giáo dục chính trị Ngoài ra, giáo trình còn giúp sinh viên củng cố, ôn tập một số điểm ngữ pháp cơ bản trong tiếng Anh Qua đó, sinh viên

có cơ hội trau dồi vốn từ vựng, ngữ pháp và phát triển các kĩ năng nghe, nói, đọc, viết thông qua các bài tập vận dụng và thảo luận

Tiếng Anh chuyên ngành Giáo dục chính trị được biên soạn, chọn lọc theo các

chủ đề trong ngành Giáo dục chính trị, giúp sinh viên làm quen với vốn từ vựng

cơ bản trong chuyên ngành và luyện khả năng đọc hiểu và dịch văn bản chuyên ngành, tạo định hướng nghiên cứu tài liệu chuyên ngành bằng tiếng Anh trong tương lai

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Unit 1: AN INTRODUCTION INTO MARXISM - LENINISM

Marxism–Leninism is a political ideology combining Marxism (the scientific socialist concepts theorised by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) and Leninism (Vladimir Lenin's theoretical expansions of Marxism which include anti-imperialism, democratic centralism, and Vanguardist party-building principles) Marxism–Leninism was the official ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and of the Communist International (1919–1943), making it the guiding ideology of the world communist movement As such, it is the most prominent ideology associated with communism

Marxism-Leninism is usually divided into three parts:(1) a philosophical theory that encompasses dialectical materialism and historical materialism, (2) Marxian economic theory, and (3) a sociopolitical theory known as scientific communism

Values

Marxism–Leninism is a far-left ideology based on principles of class conflict, egalitarianism, dialectical materialism, rationalism, and social progress It

is anti-bourgeois, anti-conservative, anti-fascist, anti-imperialist, anti-reactionary, and is opposed to bourgeois democracy

Additionally, Marxism–Leninism opposes certain aspects of other forms

of Marxian socialism, including left communism and council communism, as well as certain aspects of non-Marxist socialist movements, such as anarchism and syndicalism

A society organised through a vanguard party on Marxist–Leninist principles seeks to purge anything considered bourgeois, or idealist from it; in addition, it seeks to achieve universal atheism through the abolition of religious institutions and the deterioration of religion through the advancement of science

Part A Reading comprehension:

I Match the word in column A with its definition in column B:

Column A Column B

1 ideology

2 expansion

3 democracy

4 communism

5 materialism

6 conflict

A to rid of whatever is impure or undesirable

B to act against or provide resistance to

C thestudy of thenatureandorigin of ideas

D the theory that physical matter is the only reality and that

everything,including thought, feeling, mind, and will, can be exp lained in terms of matter and physical phenomena

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7 oppose

8 organize

9 purge

10 religion

E government by thepeople or theirelected representatives

F to come into collision or disagreement

G to form as or into a whole consisting of interdependent or

coordinated parts, especially for united action

H the act or process of expanding

I a theoretical economic system characterized by the

collective ownership of property andby the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members

J a specific fundamental set of beliefs and practices generally

agreed upon by a number of persons

II Decide whether the following statements are True or False:

Statements True False

1 Marxism–Leninism is a combined

by Marxism and Leninism

2 Leninism is theorised by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

3 Marxism–Leninism consists of four parts

4 A sociopolitical theory is known as

scientific communism

5 Marxism–Leninism is only based on principles of class

conflict and social progress

6 Marxism–Leninism is conservative and

anti-imperialist

7 Marxism–Leninism supports certain aspects of other forms

of Marxian socialism

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8 Marxist–Leninist seeks to purge anything

considered bourgeois, or idealist

Part B Grammar: The present simple tense:

Examples:

Marxism–Leninism is a political ideology combining Marxism (the scientific

socialist concepts theorised by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels) and Leninism (Vladimir Lenin's theoretical expansions of Marxism which include anti-imperialism, democratic centralism, and Vanguardist party-building principles)

Marxism–Leninism is a far-left ideology based on principles of class conflict,

egalitarianism, dialectical materialism, rationalism, and social progress

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Unit 2: THE GOAL OF MARXISM - LENINISM

The goal of Marxism–Leninism is the development of a state into a socialist republic through the leadership of a revolutionary vanguard composed of "professional" revolutionaries, an organic part of the working class who come to socialist consciousness as

a result of the dialectic of class struggle The socialist state, representing a "dictatorship of the proletariat" (as opposed to of the bourgeoisie) is primarily or exclusively governed by the party of the revolutionary vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Lenin described as "diversity in discussion, unity in action."Through this policy, the communist party (or equivalent) is the supreme political institution of the state and primary force of societal organization Marxism–Leninism sees the presence of competition between parties, as an ineffective measure of genuine democracy and rather asserts that, in a socialist society, pluralism only measures division and dysfunction within society

The ultimate goal of Marxism–Leninism is the development of socialism into the full realization of communism, a classless social system with common ownership of the means of production and with full social equality of all members of society To achieve this goal, the communist party mainly focuses on the intensive development in industry, science and technology, which lays the basis for continual growth of the productive forces and there in increases the flow of material wealth.All land and natural resources are publicly owned and managed through the Marxist–Leninist state, with varying forms

of public ownership of social institutions In recent decades, Marxist–Leninist states have incorporated market methods of exchange and expanded the role played by the non-state sector in developing the national economy, such as China and Vietnam

Part A Reading comprehension:

I Match the word in column A with its definition in column B:

Column A Column B

1 goal

2 socialist

3 revolutionary

4 struggle

5 vanguard

6 division

A a great quantity or store of money, valuable possessions, property,

orother riches

B an advocate or supporter of socialism

C to form into a legal corporation

D the act or process of dividing

E the result or achievement toward which effort is directed; aim; end

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7 ownership

8 wealth

9 public

10 incorporate

F to contend with an adversary or opposing force

G.of, relating to, or affecting a population or a community as a whole

H radically new or innovative

I the foremost division or the front part of an army

J legal right of possession

II Answer the following questions:

1 What is the goal of Marxism–Leninism?

2 By which party is the socialist state primarily or exclusively governed?

3 What does Marxism–Leninism see?

4 What is the ultimate goal of Marxism–Leninism?

5 What does the communist party mainly focus on?

6 What have Marxist–Leninist states done in recent decades?

Part B Grammar: Passive voice in the present simple tense:

Examples:

The socialist state, representing a "dictatorship of the proletariat" (as opposed to of

the bourgeoisie) is primarily or exclusively governed by the party of the revolutionary

vanguard through the process of democratic centralism, which Lenin described as

"diversity in discussion, unity in action."

All land and natural resources are publicly owned and managed through the

Marxist–Leninist state, with varying forms of public ownership of social institutions

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Unit 3: COMPONENTS OF MARXISM - LENINISM

Social

Marxism–Leninism supports universal social welfare Improvements in public health and education, provision of child care, provision of state-directed social services, and provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist–Leninists to help to raise labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society

Economic

The economy of a Marxist–Leninist state is a socialist economy, based on workers' ownership and control of the means of production (i.e., factories, farms, etc.) The state, being the dictatorship of the proletariat, serves as a safeguard for the ownership and as the coordinator of production through a universal economic plan For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, scientific planning replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms as the guiding principle of the economy The Marxist–Leninist state's huge purchasing power replaces the role of market forces, with macroeconomic equilibrium not being achieved through market forces but by economic planning based on scientific assessment In the socialist economy, the value of

a good or service is based on its use value, rather than its cost of production or its exchange value The profit motive as a driving force for production is replaced by social obligation to fulfill the economic plan Wages are set and differentiated according to skill and intensity of work While socially utilised means of production are under public control, personal belongings or property of a personal nature that doesn't involve mass production of goods remains relatively unaffected by the state

Political system

Marxism–Leninism supports the creation of a single-party state led by a Marxist– Leninist communist party as a means to develop socialism and then communism The political structure of the Marxist–Leninist state involves the rule of a communist vanguard party over a revolutionary socialist state that represents the will and rule of the proletariat Through the policy of democratic centralism, the communist party is the supreme political institution of the Marxist–Leninist state

International relations

Marxism–Leninism aims to create an international communist society It opposes colonialism and imperialism and advocates decolonisation and anti-colonial forces It supports anti-fascist international alliances and has advocated the creation of

"popular fronts" between communist and non-communist anti-fascists against strong fascist movements

Theological

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The Marxism-Leninist worldview promotes atheism as a fundamental tenet Marxist–Leninist atheism has its roots in the philosophy of Ludwig Feuerbach, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Marx, and Lenin Materialism, the philosophical standpoint that the universe exists independently of human consciousness consisting of only atoms and physical forces, is central to the worldview of Marxism– Leninism in the form of dialectical materialism

Part A Reading comprehension

I Match the word in column A with its definition in column B:

Column A Column B

1 welfare

2 provision

3 advance

4 safeguard

5 universal

6 profit

7 obligation

8 property

9 promote

10 root

A.something by which a person is bound or obliged to do certain things,a

nd which arises out of a sense of duty or results from custom, law, etc

B that which a person owns; the possession or possessions of a particular

owner

C advantage; benefit; gain D.the good fortune, health, happiness, prosperity, etc., of a person,

group, or organization; well-being

E to help or encourage to exist or flourish; further

F to move or bring forward

G the source or origin of a thing H.something that serves as a protection or defense or that ensure safety

I of, relating to, or characteristic of all or the whole J.the providing or supplying of something, especially of food or other

necessities

II Choose the best answer:

1 Marxism–Leninism consists of ………components?

A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6

2 ……… are deemed by Marxist–Leninists

A Improvements in public health and education,

B Provision of child care and state-directed social services

C Provision of social benefits

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D All are correct

3 The economy of a Marxist–Leninist state is based on ………

A workers' ownership

B authority's ownership

C control of the means of production

D A & C are correct

4 The state serves as a ……… for the ownership and as the coordinator of production through a universal economic plan

A boss B safeguard C father D servant

5 For the purpose of reducing waste and increasing efficiency, ………….planning replaces market mechanisms and price mechanisms

A science B scientist C scientific D scientifically

6 The Marxist–Leninist state's huge purchasing power replaces the role of ………

A market forces B workforce C value D price

7 In the socialist economy, the value of a good or service is based on its …………, rather than its cost of production or its exchange value

A material cost B use value C value use D cost material

8 Wages are set and differentiated according to ……… and intensity of work

A job title B working place C skill D strength

9 Marxism–Leninism supports the creation of a ………… state led by a Marxist– Leninist communist party as a means to develop socialism and then communism

A single-party B double-party C multiparty D no party

10 Marxism–Leninism ……….… colonialism and imperialism and ……… anti fascist international alliances

A supports, opposes B objects to, supports

C supports, follows D follows, supports

II Grammar: To-infinitive:

Examples:

Provision of social benefits are deemed by Marxist–Leninists to help to raise

labour productivity and advance a society in development towards a communist society

Marxism–Leninism aims to create an international communist society