62 thuc trang vi the cua ng thay trong xh HCM

SS 63 nam 2014 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM ^ THirc TRANG VI THE CUA NGlTPl T H A Y TRONG XA HOI TREN DIA BAN THANH PHO HO CHI MINH HIEN NAY Le THI THU Dieu', VO TH! NGOC LANT O M TAT Bdi viit di cap vdn di vi thi cua ngudi thdy xd hoi Tren ca sd thuc Men thdm y kiin ciia cdc gidng vien, gido vien, phu huynh hoc sinh sinh vien d cdc truong trung hoc phd thong trung edp cao ddng va dgi hgc tren dig bdn Thanh phd Ho CM Minh (TPHCM), bdi viit tim hiiu, phdn tich nguyen nhdn thuc trgng dong thdi dua nhgn dinh vi vi thi ciia ngudi thdy xa hoi Men Tie khoa: vi thi, ngudi thiy ABSTRACT The reality of the position of teachers in society in Ho Chi Minh City today The article discusses the position of teachers in society Based on the survey of teachers, parents and students at high schools, middle schools, colleges and universities i Ho Chi Minh City, the article identified and analyzed the causes and made comments on the position of the teachers in society today Keyword: position, teachers Dat van de Ngudi Viet Nam cd eau "khdng thiy dd may lam nen" de ndi den vai frd hit siic quan trgng cua ngudi thay ddi sdng xa hdi ndi chung va chinh mdi ngudi ndi rieng Nho giao da xac lap thii bac quan he xa hgi; "Quan — Su Phu" (Vua - Thay - Cha) Khdng phai cung cd the lam Thay dugc bdi nhirng yeu cau cao khdng chi ve tri thirc ma cdn ca ve dao dire, pham hanh Tir hgc trd den phu huynh, tir ngudi dan binh thudng cho den nhirng vi cd quyen luc cao xa hdi, de dugc thay nhan day, ciing deu phai thuc hien nghi le "bai su, nhap mdn", deu ddi dai thay nhu ngudi bl tren Nhiing nam khang chien chdng giac ngoai xam, cac Idp hgc binh dan dugc td chiic frong dilu kien vd ciing khd khan, iy vay ma vi the ngudi thay ludn dugc de cao Khi dit nude hda binh Dang ta vin ludn coi trgng giao due va dao tjo, xem day la "qude sach hang dau", la chia khoa de hdi nhap va phat trien Hien nay, vdi su phat triln manh me cua kinh tl, khoa hgc cdng ngh|, dac biet la su bung nd cdng nghe thdng tin, da tao su thay ddi Idn cugc song, ngudi ndi chung cilng nhufronggiSo due ndi rieng Ngudi thay dugc diio'lflo chuyen sau mgt ITnh virc; quan he thay trd, hinh thiic hgc tap cua cdn ngudi da cd nhieu thay ddi so vdi trudc day Va nhiing Men tugng bao luc hgc duong, tinh trang hgc trd danh thiy, xuc pham thiy, thay ga tinh, chen ep, liy tien ciia _HVCH, Trudng Bai hgc Su pham Ki thuat TPHCH/I TS, Trudng Bai hpc Su pham Ki thuSl TPHCM 72 Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM hpc trd khdng chinh ddng ciing da kh6ng cdn xa la xa hpi hien Nhung khdng thi vi nhung hien tuong tieu cue ma phii nhan cdng lao cua hang trieu nhiing ngudi thay khac ludn tam huyet vdi nghe, vdi su nghiep ddi mdi va phat triin nln giao due nude nha Vi the ciia ngudi thay anh hudng rat Idn din su phat triln ciia nln gido due cung nhu xa hdi Dd la minh chiing cho viec xac dinh vi the ciia rigudi thay xa hpi la dieu het siic quan trpng va cdn thilt Bai vilt budc ddu tim hilu vl vdn dl ndy tren dia ban TPHCM, tu phdn tich nguyen nhan thuc trang va dua nhan djnh ve vi the ciia ngudi thay xa hpi hien Giai quyet van de 2.1 Vi the xd hgi - vi the cua ngudi thay 2.1.1 Vf thi xd hdi Vj the.xa hdi la "vf tri md mot ed nhdn hay nhom ngudi ndm giie mdi lien hi, quan hi vdi ngudi khdc hay thie bgc xd hgi Nd phdn dnh quyen luc cd nhdn vd uy tin cua cd nhdn Dia vi hay vi the xd hoi bao gom dia vi gdn vd dia vi dgt duoc Dia vi gdn Id dia vi cd duac cd nhdn khdng phdi bd eong sue hay tiin tdi de dgt duoc md cd nhdn duac gdn tie moi chdo ddi Dia vi dgt duac Id logi dia vi md cd nhdn ed duac bdng su nd lifc cua minh Chdng hgn nhu dia vi bdc sT, Idsu, gido viin, gido sie " [1, tr.98] Nhiing ylu td anh hudng din dia vi xd hpi ciia ca nhan, la: Hpc van, tai ndng, ndng khieu; Sy trp giiip tu ben ngoai: Su gidi thi^u, CO may Le Thi Thu Dieu vd tgk Gidi tinh va tudi tac; Ngudn gdc xa hdi; Dan tpc, tdn giao; Dieu kien ciia ca nhan [I,tr.99] 2.1.2 Vi thi cua ngudi thdy xa hgi Tu dinh nghia ve vi the xa hpi hay dia vi Qua mpt ca nhan hay nhdm ngudi, ngudi nghien ciiu co the dinh nghia: v/ thi xd hdi cua ngudi thdy Id vi tri md mgt ngudi thdy ndm giie mdi lien he, quan he voi ngudi khdc hay thie bdc xd hgi Nd phdn dnh quyin luc ngudi thdy vd uy tin eiia ngudi thdy Dia vi hay vi the xa hpi cila ngudi thay thudc loai dja vi dat dupe, CO dupe bang sir nd lye cua minh Nhung yeu to anh hudng den vi the ciia ngudi thay xa hpi: • Yeu td khdch quan: Chinh tri, kinh te, van hda, tdn giao; He th6ng gido due; • Yeu to chil quan: Y thiic, dao diic cua ngudi hpc; Ndng luc chuyen m6n ciia ngudi diay; Nhan each, dao diic cua ngudi thdy 2.2 Thuc trgng vi the cda ngudi thhy xd hgi tren dia bdn Thdnh Ho Chi Minh hifn TPHCM CO dien tich 2095 km^ duoc phan chia thdnh 19 quan va huyen vdi 322 phudng - xa, thj tran, dan s6 trung binh la 7681,7 nghin ngudi (theo Tdng Cue thdng ke Viet Nam nam 2012), chilm 8,65% dan sd Viet Nam Day la trung tam chinh tri, kinh te, van hda va gido due ciia Viet Nam; noi tap trung nhilu trudng hpc d mpi cap bac, ddc biet la bac dai hpc, cao dang vdi da dang eac loai hmh dao tao 73 So 63 nam 2014 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Trong qua frinh khao sat thuc trang vi t h i ciia ngudi thiy frong xa hdi, chiing tdi chi thuc hien dilu tra, lay y kien h i nhan td chinh la giang vien, giao vien; phu huynh; hgc sinh va sinh vien tai mdt sd trudng trung hgc phd thdng, trung cap, cao ding va dai hgc d TPHCM Vdi tin cay 99% va sai sd la 0,04, chiing tdi chgn m i u du kiln la 1236 ngudi, dd cd 412 giang vien, giao vien; 412 hgc sinh, sinh vien; va 412 phu huynh hoc sinh fren dia ban 2.2.1 Ket qud khdo sdt thuc trgng vi the nguai thdy xa hpi tren dig ban Thdnh phd H6 Chi Minh 2.2.1.1 Su le phep ddnh cho nguai thdy ciig phu huynh, hpc sinh, sinh vien (item bdng 1) Bang Thdi dp hdnh ddng ciia phu huynh vd hpc sinh, sinh vien gap thdy cd gido (cd quen biet) hogn cdnh cho phep Thai do, hanh dong Chu ddng chao hdi Chao hdi vui ve neu thay ed dd chao hdi minh trudc Coi nhu khdng biet, khdng quan tam Lap tire trdn tranh Thai do, hanh ddng khac Tong Bang eho thay su khac each t h i Men su le phep, tdn trgng gap ngudi thay cua phu huynh va hgc sinh, sinh vien Phu huynh da sd "chgo hdi vui ve neu thdy cd chdo hdi minh trudc", cdn hgc sinh, sinh vien thi "chu dong chdo hoi" gap thiy cd giao Trong thuc te hien nay, ed nhilu trudng hgp, hoan canh tiep xiic, gap gd khac giira ngudi thiy va phu huynh, hgc sinh, sinh vien nhung cau hdi tren dugc dat vdi nhiing truimg hgp cho phep de cd t h i chao hdi l i n Bang cho thay rd su thay ddi ciia su l l phep gjp ngudi thiy so vdi hiidc Ngay nay, su l l phep gap t h i y ed khdng cdn la chu ddng d i n trudc mat, bd mu ndn, khoanh hai tay hirdc nguc, cudi Phy huynh So phieu Hgc sinh, sinh vien T^ng Tile 151 302 453 55,2% 250 82 332 40,5% 22 31 3,8% 0,5% 410 410 820 100% chao "da thua thay/cd a!", ma su le phep t h i Men dan gian chi la d i n chao hdi vol thai tdn frgng Mac dii '^chii dpng chao hot' chiem ti le cao nhit 55,2%, nhung dieu dd ciing cho thay su Id phep tdi thi6u gap mgt ngudi t h i y d i u dugc nhifc ngudi thuc hien; "chdo hdi vui ve neu thdy cd chdo hoi minh truac'' chiem tdi 40,5%, v i n cd thai dg, hanh ddng ""coi nhu khdng biet, khdng quan tdm " cMSm 3,8% va "lap tire trdn trdnh" cdn chiem 0,5% Ket qua k h i l n cho chiing ta phai nhin nhan va suy n g i m that nhilu ve "chii l l " frong xa hgi d TPHCM hisn » 2.2.1.2 Vi the nghe dgy hpcvd cdc yeu to quyet dinh den vi the cua ngudi thdy xd hpi (xem bdng 2) Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCIW Le Thi Thu Dilu va tgk Bang Nghe nghiep cd vi the cao nhdt xd hdi Men Nghe nghiep Phu huynh 26 185 82 27 51 39 410 Giao vien Bac si Cdng an Quan dgi KIsu Cac nghe nghiep khac T6ng So phieu Jloe sinh, sinh vien 82 116 78 54 48 32 410 Tile Tdng 108 301 160 81 99 71 820 13,2% 36,7% 19,5% 9,9% 12,1% 8,6% 100% Bang thi Men y kiln cua phu huynh va hgc sinh, sinh vien v6 nghe nghiep cd vi thi eao nhit xa hdi hiSn Nhin chung, "bdc sT" cMem ti If cao nhat 36,7%, do, "gido vien" chi cMlm 13,2% Dilu eho thiy, vi thi cua nghi day hgc hi$n khdng cdn chilm vi thi cao nhit frong xa hgi d TPHCM Nhu vay, ylu td nao da quylt djnh din vi thi cua ngucri thSy frong xa hgi va yeu td dd d ngudi thay cd tdt hay chua, kit qua dugc thi hien d bang sau day: Bdng Cdc yiu td quyit dinh din vj the ciia ngudi thdy xa hpi So philu Cdc ylu td Phim chat chinh tri Phim chat dao dire, ill sing, tiic phong Trinh dg hgc van N ^ g Ivic giang day Tiln luong Tong Nhan \it vl ngirdi thSy Phv huynh Hpc sinh, sinh vi£n 13 267 23 251 36 518 2,8% 40,9% 10 229 27,8% 44,2% 26 289 72,2% 55,8% 103 198 112 693 79 162 59 574 182 360 171 1267 13,4% 28,4% 13,5% 100% 90 155 80 564 49,5% 43,1% 46,8% 100% 92 205 91 703 50,5% 56,9% 53,2% 100% T6ng Tot Chu^i t6t Bang cho thiy "phdm chdt dgo due, ldi sdng, tdc phong" la yeu td quyet dinh din vj thi cua ngudi thay nhilu nhit (40,9%), va theo nhan xet eua phy huynh, hgc sinh, sinh vien thi ylu to d ngudi thiy "chua tdt" (55,8%>) chiem nhieu hon "tdt" (44,4%i) Nhin chung, nhan xit cua phu huynh, hgc sinh, sinh vien vl eac ylu td tren d ngudi thiy "chua tdt" ludn chilm ti le nhilu hem "tdt", nhung ti le chenh l$ch khdng qud nhieu 75 SS 63 nam 2014 Tap chi KHOA HQC BHSP TPHCM 2.2.1.3 Xd hpi va dgo dire nghi nghiep ciia ngudi thdy (xem bang 4) Bang Ti le gidng vien, gido vien timg bi hpc trd xiic phgm cd thdi dp khong ton trpng vd ti le hoc sinh, sinh vien _ timg bi nguon thdy cua minn cnen ep, aoi xu Ykiin Chua bao gid Da timg Tdng So phieu Giang vien , giao vien 70,7% 290 29,3% 120 100% 410 Bang eho thiy cd 29,3% sd giang vien, giao vien timg hi hgc trd xuc pham, cd thai khdng tdn trgng va cd 17,6% sd hgc sinh, sinh vien timg hi thay cua minh chen ep, ddi xii khdng cdng bang hay ga gIm dilu khdng tdt Tuy ti le khdng nhilu, nhung cOng cho thiy vin de sa silt vl dao diic frong xa hgi d TPHCM vin dang tdn tai chinh frong mdi Hoe sinh, sinh vien 82,4% 338 17,6?? ' 72 100% ' 410 trudng giao due dao dire ngucii Ben canh dd, hien tugng b?io luc hgc dudng giiia hgc sinh vdi hgc sinh, hgc sinh voi giao vien ciing dang dugc xa hdi rat quan tam va ciing anh hudng den vi the ciia ngudi thiy Mgn Bang sau day the Men y kiln cua giang vien, giao vita, phu huynh, hgc sinh va sinh vien nhin nhjn vl nguyen nhan ciia hien tugng Bdng S Nguyen nhdn ddn din Men tuang "hpc sinh dpa ddm, ddnh gido vien, bgo luc hpc dudng " dang rdt duac xd hdi quan tdm giai dogn Men Nguyen nhan Do hgc sinh tMeu su giao due cua gia dinh va nha trucmg Do hgc sinh bi anh hudng tieu cue tir cac kenh truyen thdng Do giao vien khdng ed nhan each, dao diic tit Do hinh thirc xii phat cho "bao lue hgc dudng" chua dii manh de rang de hgc sinh Do su quan li long leo cua nha trudng Nguyen nhan khac Tong 76 Giao vien So phieu Phu HS huynh SV Tong Tilf 230 202 197 629 34,1% 170 173 84 427 23,1% 75 133 149 357 19,4% 53 125 74 252 13,7% 58 594 38 671 68 578 164 _ ^ 0,8% 14 1843 100% Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCM Le Thi Thu Dieu vd tgk Khi ndi ve hien tupng bao luc hpc dudng giOa hpc sinh vdi gido vien, chua can tim hieu trudng hpp cu thi, su viec cu the de dan den hien tupng la gi, vdi su nhin nhan chung cua giao vien, phu huynh va hgc sinh thi theo bang 5, dang chii y la nguyen nhan ^''gido vien khong cd nhdn cdch, dgo due tot" chiem 19,4% (sd philu phu huynh va hpc sinh la 282/357 phieu), chilm ti le cao nhat Id "t/o hgc sinh thieu gido due cua gia dinh vd nhd trudng" la 34,1% (gido due ciia nha trudng phan Idn la su giao due cua giao vien) Nhu vdy, viec giao due dao diic cho hgc sinh, sinh vien thuc hien chua tot ddn din nhilu he luy cho xa hpi va cung la nguyen nhan gdy anh hudng vi the cua ngudi thdy xa hpi D6ng thdi, nhiing hien tupng tieu cue xa hpi xay cang nhilu va dugc dua tin lan rpng cung vdi su phdt trien ciia cac kenh truyen thdng nhu hien thi hinh anh ve dao diic cua ngudi thay la bi anh hudng nhilu nhdt De ro hon van de nay, chiing toi tim hieu y kien cua hpc sinh, sinh vien vl sd giao vien, giang vien co pham chdt dao diic khdng tot tai trudng dang hpc, kit qua the hien d bang sau day; Bdng Y kiin eua hgc sinh, sinh vien ve sd gido viin CO phdm ehdt dgo due khdng tdt tgi trudng dang hgc So giang vien, giao vien Tren 20 ngudi 10-20 ngudi - ngudiDudi ngudi i^dng cd Ting So phieu 26 24 88 217 55 410 Theo bang 6, chi co 13,4% la y kien ^^khdng co" Dieu co nghTa cd den 86,6% hpc sinh, sinh vien cho rang trudng hp dang hpc ludn cd nhung ngudi thay cd dao diic khdng tdt mac dii ti le '"duoi ngieaf chiem nhieu nhit (52,9%) Kit qua gdp phdn chiing minh them dugc nhung tieu cue gido due da lam cho hinh anh vl dao due ciia ngudi thay doi vdi hpc sinh, sinh vien khdng cdn d?p, cung nhu long tin tudng vl mgt mdi trudng gido due Til? 6,3% 5,9% 21,5% 52,9% 13,4% 100% sach cua ngudi hpc cung bi giam di dang ke Nhu vay, phdm chat dao diic ciia ngudi thdy - yeu to dnh hudng chu yeu den vi the ciia ngudi thdy xa hdi dugc hau het nhiing hgc trd cua minh danh gia la chua tdt, dieu cho biet dao due nghe nghiep ciia mgt bg phan ngudi thay dang bi xuong cap Va nguyen nhan ciia su xuong cap ve dao diic dugc chinh nhiing ngudi thay giai thich cu the d bang sau day: 77 SS 63 nam 2014 Tap cht KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Bdng Nguyen nhdn chinh ddn den viec dgo dire da mpt bp phdn khdng it ngudi thay xudng cap Men Nguyen nhan Tinh Unh kinh tl dang khd khan,frongkM dd, tiln luong ngudi thay thap so vdi cac nganh nghe khac Tuyen sinh nganh su pham tran lan va chit lugng diu vao chua eao Giao due dao diic nghe ngMep cho sinh vien su pham chua duoc quan tam va thuc Men Thdi quen "di tien" ciia phu huynh, sinh vien Ban chat dao dire khdng tdt cua cMnh ngudi thay ay da cd tir trudc kM vao nghi Cac nguyen nhan khae Tong So phieu euaGV Till 175 33,9% 74 14,4% 82 15,9% 49 9,5% 125 24,2% 11 516 2,1% 100% Nhu vay, chilm ti le eao nhit la nguyen nhan "tinh hinh kinh ti khd khdn, b-ong tien luang nguai thdy thdp so vai cdc ngdnh nghe khdc" vdi 33,9%i, nguyen nhSn "bdn chdt dgo dire khdng tdt cua chinh ngudi thdy dy dd cd tir truac vdo nghe" chiem 24,2%> Con sd ndi len vin dl tiln luong ludn la mdt ndi fran trd cua nhiing ngudi thay trudc siic ep cua "com ao gao tien" din eudc sdng Ben canh do, viec tuyin sinh, dao tao nen nhiing ngudi thiy chua thuc su chgn igc kT va quan tam nhilu din "d^o diic" cung la nguyen nhan dan din dao diic mgt bg phan ngudi thiy dang xudng cip 2.2.1.4 Su lifa chon nghi dgy hpc (xem bdng 8) Bdng S Su mpng muon idm nghe dgy hpc Ykien Cd Khdng Tong So phieu Hgc sinh, sinh vien 95 86 315 324 410 410 Phu huynh Tong 181 639 820 Bang cho thay, cd din 77,9% phu huynh, hgc sinh va sinh vien mudn lam nghe day hgc vi nhimg li sau day: 78 Tilf 22,1% 77,9% 100% khdng mong Tap chi KHOA HOC BHSP TPHCM Le Thi Thu Dieu va tgk Bdng Li khdng chpn ldm nghe dgy hpc Lido Khdng thich Khdng du kha nang Tien luong thap Khd xin viec Tdng Ykien Hgc sinh, Phu huynh sinh vien 22 23 73 49 211 225 27 315 324 Tong Tile 45 122 436 36 639 7,1% 19,1% 68,2% 5,6% 100% Theo bang 9, li "tien lucmg thdp" chiem ti le cao nhit vdi 68,2%, "khdng dii khd ndng" chiem 19,1% Dilu cho thiy, van dl tiln luong la frd ngai Idn nhit khien cho nghe day hoc khdng cdn la mdt nghi dugc xa hdi uu tien lua chgn Tuy nhien, ddi vdi nhimg ngudi dang lam nghe giao thi lai cd y kiln khac nlu dugc lua chgn lai nghe nhu sau (xem bang 10): Bdng 10 Su lua chpn nghe dgy hpc cua gidng vien vd gido vien neu duac lua chpn lgi ngdnh nghe Ykien Mong mudn tiep tuc Khdng mong mudn tiep tuc Tong So phieu 325 85 410 Tile 79,3% 20,7% 100% Bang 10 cho thay, co den 79,3% thay co mong mudn dugc tiep tuc lam nghe day hpc Day Id mpt tin hieu dang mung vi nghe gido van dugc hau het nhung ngudi thay yeu quy va muon gdn bd ben canh nhirng tieu cue, nhiing khd khan bdi su dnh hudng nhieu mat ciia xa hgi Va chi cd 20,7% thay co khong mong mudn tiep tuc vi nhung Ii the hien bang 11 sau day: Bdng 11 Li khdng mong mudn tiip tuc ldm nghi dgy hge cua gido vien, gidng vien Li Khdng cdn dam me nghe Tiln luong thip Chiu nhieu ap luc tir xa hgi Tong Sd phieu 13 55 17 85 Ti le % 15,3% 64,7% 20% 100% 79 Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Nhu vay, vin dl tiln luang mdt lan nua lai la li ma nhiing ngudi thay khdng cdn mudn tilp tuc lam nghe giao chilm ti le cao nhat vdi 64,7%i; 20%> ngudi thay cho rang ap luc tir xa hdi nhieu ve nhiing yeu cau pham chat dao dire, ldi sdng tac phong chuan muc ; 15,3% ngudi thay khdng cdn dam me, Idng nhiet huyet vdi nghe 2.3 Ddnh gid chung ve thirc trgng vi the cua ngirdi thdy xa h^i tren dja bdn Thanh Ho Chi Minh hien Nhin chung, vi the ciia ngudi thay xa hdi tren dia ban TPHCM dang bi giam, mac dii vi the cua mdi ngudi thiy xa hgi la khac nhau, phu thugc vao pham chat chinh tri, dao diic, ldi sdng tac phong, trinh hgc van cua mdi ngudi Phim chit dao due, ldi sdng tac phong dugc xa hdi, cu thi la phu huynh, hgc sinh va sinh vien, cho la ylu td quan trgng nhit ben canh nhilu ylu td khac dl danh gia vi thi ciia mdt ngudi thiy Tuy nhien, ylu td d ngudi thiy bi danh gia la chua tdt bdi nhiing anh hudng ciia nhirng hien tugng tieu cue giao due dang cang tang va dugc xa hdi bilt den nhieu hem qua thuc tl cung nhu qua su phat trien cua cac phuemg tien truyin thdng dai chung Tinh hinh lam phat kinh te cang gia tang d phd khiln cho cugc sdng cua ngudi dan xa hdi khd khan hem va cugc sdng cua nhimg ngudi thiy cung khdng ngoai le mirc luong cdn thip so vdi cac nganh nghe khac Tiln luang cung chinh la su trd ngai khiln cho nghi day hgc khdng cdn la nghi hip din, dugc uu tien lua SS 63 nam 2014 chgn xa hdi va la nguyen nhan lam cho mdt bd phan ngudi thay khdng nhiet huyet vdi nghe frudc nhiing ap lire ddi hdi yeu cau Idiat khe nghe giao ciia xa hdi vcii cugc sdng khd khan Men tai Ket lu^n Vai frd cua ngimh giao due ddi voi su phat trien cua dat nude ta hien la het siic quan trgng va khdng cd bat cir qude gia nao phat trien ma giao due cua hg hi lang quen ca Dd ciing la li tai dii bat cii xa hgi nao, thdi ky nao thi ngudi thay ciing ludn tao cho minh mot vi the nhat dinh x2 hdi Trong giai doan Men nay, vi thi iy da cd nhilu thay ddi, khdng edn trat tu "Quan - Su - Phu" va hi anh hudng rat Idn tir su phat trien cua nen kinh tl thi trudng tren dja biin TPHCM ndi rieng va Viet Nam noi chung Nghe day hgc khdng cdn vj thi cao nhit frong xa hgi, ngudi thiy khdng nhan dugc nhiing phep tic chao hdi ll phep, tdn trgng tir ngudi dan nhu xua va dugc xa hdi dl cao, tdn vinh thSt sir Dang va Nha nude ta ludn dl cao truyen thdng "Tdn su trgng dao" cua ngudi Viet tu bao ddi, nhimg truyen thdng iy dang cd xu hudng bi mai mdt, mdt bg phSn khdng nhd thi he tre chi biel den truyen thdng iy nhu mgt li thuyit sudng, mdt bai hgc giao dilu tren Idp Do la mdt thuc te dang budn cho nln giao due va cho toan xa hdi Viet Nam ma dii mudn hay khdng cung phai chip nhan Ngudi thay vira phai tim kilm cac liip day them vita lam them nhiing cdng vi?c khac mdi dam bao chi phi cho cugc sing hang ngay, vita phai ehju nhilu ap lire li* Tgp chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Le Thi Thu Dieu vd tgk dinh kiln xa hdi vl dao diic, ldi sdng, tac hg van mudn tilp tuc gan bd lau dai vdi phong de giii gin Mnh anh dep vdn cd nghe, van dam me, yeu thich nghe khd lam nhung cao Cd vay mdi cua nghi nghiep Song, kit qua khao sat thuc frang bilt dugc tim Idng eua nhiing ngudi thiy ludn am tham ddng gdp cdng siic vao neu tren eung cho thiy, phin Idn hg deu khdng hdi tile da lua chgn nghi nay, viec "trdng ngudi" cho xa hdi TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Vo Thi Nggc Lan (2012), Gido trinh Xd hpi hoc gido due, Nxb Dai hgc Qude gia TPHCM Nguyin Ldc (2013), Gido trinh mdn Kinh ti hoc gido due, HaNgi Doan Huy Oanh (2004), Sa luac lich sir gido due, Nxb Dai hgc Qude gia TPHCM Ducmg Thieu Tdng (2003), Suy nghi vi gido due truyin thing vd Men dgi, Nxb Tre Tdng Cue thdng ke Viet Nam (2012), Nien gidm thing ke Ngiy Tda so^n nh$n dirge bil: 15-5-2014, ngiyptian bi$n danh gii 16-6-2014, ngiy cflSp nhin dSng: 24-10-2014) ... khdng chinh ddng ciing da kh 6ng cdn xa la xa hpi hien Nhung khdng thi vi nhung hien tuong tieu cue ma phii nhan cdng lao cua hang trieu nhiing ngudi thay khac ludn tam huyet vdi nghe, vdi su nghiep... xa hdi Viet Nam ma dii mudn hay khdng cung phai chip nhan Ngudi thay vira phai tim kilm cac liip day them vita lam them nhiing cdng vi? c khac mdi dam bao chi phi cho cugc sing hang ngay, vita phai... Vi thi cua ngudi thdy xa hgi Tu dinh nghia ve vi the xa hpi hay dia vi Qua mpt ca nhan hay nhdm ngudi, ngudi nghien ciiu co the dinh nghia: v/ thi xd hdi cua ngudi thdy Id vi tri md mgt ngudi