2 hardware installation of BTS HUAWEI EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION

Huawei Hardware Installation Of BTS Course No.: QA-HI-008 Compiled by: Engineering Center Service Management Dept Issue Date: 2004-11-15 Table of Contents Huawei • Introduction to BTS312 • Procedure to Install BTS312 • Install BTS312 Cabinet • Install Antenna and Feeder System Huawei Introduction to BTS312 Most GSM base stations are BTS312 presently BTS30 is seldom used The features of BTS312 are as follows: Dimensions: 1880 mm × 650 mm × 500 mm (H × W × D) Weight (under full configuration of 12 TRXs): 330 kg Power consumption (under full configuration of 12 TRXs): 2400 W Normal working temperature: 15–30 °C Normal working humidity: 40%–60% Transmitting frequency band (MHZ): BTS 935~960 M1805~1880 M MS 890~815 M 1710~1785M A BTS cabinet consists of four subracks: one public resources subrack and three TRX combiner and divider subracks from bottom up A single BTS cabinet can hold up to 12 TRXs Combined cabinets are used to achieve the synchronous cells of more than 12 TRXs Among the combined cabinets, the cabinet that includes the TMU acts as the basic cabinet and the others as the extended ones The extended cabinets receive the time and maintenance signals through cables from the basic cabinet Introduction to BTS312 Huawei Typical CDU-involved configurations Antenna TTA (optional) Duplexer Combiner 1-to-4 divider 1-to-4 divider Amplifier Filter Filter Amplifier or S6/6/6 P8 A sector uses a dual polarization sectorized beam antenna (S6) An omnidirectional cell uses two single polarization omnidirectional antennas ( 6) Duplexer Combiner 1-to-4 divider 1-to-4 divider Combiner Combiner Combiner PA PA PA PA PA PA The left figure shows the major parts of six TRXs of a sector or an omnidirectional cell Only one SCU and the corresponding TRXs and connection accessories need be added to a sector to expand S4/4/4 to S6/6/6 RF schematic diagram of BTS312 Introduction to BTS312 Huawei Mains Generator AC power distribution box Alarm collection box ACU Rectifier unit BTS Outdoor lightning protection ground Cabinet Feeder grounding clip DCU Feeder window DC power distribution cabinet/box Battery Antenna stand BTS DDF Cabling rack Transmission equipment (DDF, SDH, and microwave) Overall system architecture of BTS312 Introduction to BTS312 Huawei Rack (indoor) Protection grounding bar Building Tower Grounding bar Ground loop Outdoor Ground loop DC working of tower grounding bar of building grounding bar AC grounding bar earthing of BTS312 Huawei Procedure to Install BTS312 Preparation before installation 1) Personnel preparation 2) Documentation preparation 3) Tools 1) 3) 4) Check room conditions Building conditions 2) Environment conditions Power supply conditions Auxiliary equipment 5) Lightning protection and earthing Engineering plan 1) Engineering interface 2) Engineering coordination and cooperation 3) Engineering schedule 1) 3) 4) Preparation after arrival at customer's location Engineering coordination meeting 2) View equipment room Unpack goods for inspection Enter goods in equipment room 5) Start installation and commissioning Huawei Procedure to Install BTS312 Fix cabinet Install antenna Install board Install CDU Install cables in cabinet Install power supply lightning arrester Install lightning arrester Install TTA (optional) Route feeder Install power and earthing cables Prepare and route outdoor jumper Install trunk cables on DDF Attach label Prepare and route outdoor jumper Hardware installation check Install lightning protection earthing clip Clean up engineering documentation Procedure to install BTS312 Huawei Install BTS312 Cabinet A BTS312 cabinet can be installed:  On an antistatic floor  On a cement ground There are the following three possibilities of installing the cabinet on the cement ground according to the uniform load of the ground and the distance between the cabinet rear and the wall opposite To install the cabinet far from the wall This is applicable when the rear of the BTS312 cabinet is not less than 800 mm away from the wall opposite To install the cabinet near the wall This is applicable when the rear of the BTS312 cabinet is less that 800 mm away from the wall opposite To install the cabinet on a large base This is applicable when the uniform load of the ground is less than kN/m2 The large base decreases the pressure of the cabinet pushing on the ground The distance between the cabinet rear and the wall opposite cannot be less than 100 mm in consideration of heat dissipation Install BTS312 Cabinet – Position Cabinet and Mark Lines Huawei Inner wall or reference body Cabinet door edge line Expansion bolt M12 Learn the uniform load of the ground in the equipment room and the weight of the cabinet and batteries (the weights of different types of batteries are different) Position the cabinet according to the reference dimensions in the engineering design drawings Position several marking points using a tape measure Mark two 370-mm-spaced lines parallel to the reference using a fountain pen Position the mounting holes of the first cabinet on the two lines based on the design requirements Mark the mounting holes of the other cabinets with these holes as a reference 10 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System The antenna and feeder system plays an important role in providing air interface for the GSM BTS Its engineering design and construction quality are directly related to the system performance of the entire BTS Its installation is the major part of the BTS system installation The antenna and feeder system installation normally consumes 70% of the entire engineering time The installation methods and procedures of different types of antennas in different installation environments are different The installation supervisor shall determine the installation method and procedure rationally and flexibly according to the engineering design documentation, the number of installation engineers, installation environment and antenna type Your safety during the installation is also worth your much attention The antenna and feeder system consists of the antenna, primary feeder, jumper, lightning arrester, tower top amplifier (TTA), and combiner and divider module 21 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Procedure to Install Antenna and Feeder System Perform the following procedure to install the antenna and feeder system: Check the installation site Get acquainted with the engineering design documentation Determine the installation method Install the sealing window Lift the antenna Install the TTA Cut feeders and attach temporary labels Prepare feeder connectors and attach labels to the outdoor part of the feeders  Connect feeders with lightning arrester  Install indoor jumpers  Prepare and attach labels         22 Install Antenna and Feeder System – Determine Installation Method Huawei Omnidirectional antenna Directional antenna TTA appearance Apply different methods to install different types of antennas (1) Install a rod omnidirectional antenna on a mast at a side of the tower, on a stand at a side of the tower, at the center of the top of the tower, or on a mast on the top of the building (2) Install a panel directional antenna on a mast at a side of the tower, on a stand at a side of the tower, or on a master on the top of the building A TTA has two 7/16DIN (female) RF ports One is connected with the receiving antenna (marked with ANT) The other is connected with the BTS (marked with BTS) It is connected with the 7/16DIN receiving RF port on the top cover plate of the cabinet through a jumper and feeder 23 Install Antenna and Feeder System – Lift Antenna Huawei Pulley Windlass Pulley Object to the tower Lift antenna and feeder Note: Take certain measures to protect the installation engineers and the antenna during the lifting Wrap the antenna and feeder port to protect the port against paint peel-off and subsequent damage Only an engineer that is in good conditions and does not catch acrophobia can get on the tower The engineer cannot drink before getting on the tower The engineer shall use safety measures and get personal accident insurance At least five engineers are required to lift the antenna and feeder on a tower At least three engineers are required to route the feeder at the top of the building Install the antenna and feeder system in a fine day without strong winds if possible 24 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Antenna at Building Top Note: The area that extends downward at a 45° angle all around the peak of the lightning rod is the protected area of the lightning rod Antenna at building top The horizontal distance between an omnidirectional antenna and the lightning rod of the antenna shall be not less than 2.5 m at the top of the building For a directional antenna the azimuth error shall be within ± 5° and the inclination error within ± 0.5° 25 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Antenna at Tower Top  An omnidirectional antenna shall be not less than 1.5 m away from the tower A directional antenna shall be not less than m away from the tower  The horizontal distance between the receiving and transmitting ends of an omnidirectional antenna shall be not less than 3.5 m The distance between the diversity receiving ends of a directional antenna shall be not less than m  The vertical distance between the receiving and transmitting ends of a directional antenna shall be not less than 2.5 m The vertical distance between the directional antennas on one stand shall be not less than 0.5 m  The top of an omnidirectional antenna shall be on the same level as or slightly higher than the top of the antenna stand  An omnidirectional antenna shall stand upright Its vertical deviation shall be within ± 2° Antenna at tower top 26 Install Antenna and Feeder System – Adjust Angles of Antenna Huawei Install directional antenna Find mounting hole by mounting hole number Find mounting hole by pitch angle of antenna The error of antenna azimuth measurement of shall be within 0.50° 27 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Install Feeder Lightning Arrester on Cabling Rack  Suspend a lightning arrester between the horizontal crosspieces of the cabling rack Cut the feeder a proper length apart according to the requirements for lightning arrest position in the engineering design drawings  The lightning frame is the discharge ground of a feeder lightning arrester It is located physically indoors It is actually a part of the earthing system of the antenna and feeder system The lightning arrester is on the lightning frame and in continuity with the frame Insulate the lightning frame from the cabling rack at a point about m inside the feeder window entry Lengthen the distance if it is difficult to achieve that However, the point shall be as near as possible to the feeder window Connect the earthing cable of the lightning frame straight through the feeder window to the outdoor copper earthing bar  Lay the feeders of one sector in one row and arrange all the rows in consistent sequence when the feeders enter the room in the direction parallel to the cabinet or opposite to the cabinet rear Lay the feeders of one section in one column and arrange all the columns in consistent sequence when the feeders enter the room in the direction opposite to the cabinet front Feeder lightning arrester Attach the antenna and feeder label at a point cm from one end of the corresponding jumper One label is enough on each jumper because the jumper is short 28 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Install Lightning earthing Clip Lead the earthing cable of a lightning earthing clip from the top down The appropriate angle formed by the clip and the feeder is not greater than 15° Wind three layers of waterproof and insulation tape around the clip Wind the first layer from the bottom up, the second from the top down, and the third from the bottom up Connect the earthing cables of the lightning earthing clips outside to the outdoor earthing bar or well-grounded outdoor cabling rack Peel the antirust paint off the grounded point of the cabling rack Recoat the point with antirust paint after installing the earthing cable Coat all the exposed connectors that are difficult to be wrapped in insulation tape with antirust paint to guarantee good contact 29 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Prepare Antenna and Feeder Connector 30 Install Antenna and Feeder System – Route Antenna and Feeder Outdoors Huawei Add a grounding clip to a feeder that runs over 20 m at the building top Primary feeder Building top Apply a 7/8" feeder if the feeder need run less than 70 m and a 5/4" feeder if the feeder need run over 70 m Feeder clip Ground the outdoor cabling rack There are two types of feeder fixing clip: 7/8" and 5/4" Each type can be further divided in two: 1-in-1 and 3-in-1 Mount a fixing clip every two m of the feeder Feeder window Outdoor grounding cable Outdoor grounding bar Make a water curve for the feeder outside the feeder window entry 31 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Route Antenna and Feeder Installed antenna and feeder nameplates Make a water curve for the antenna and feeder outside the feeder window entry Installed 3-in-1 feeder clip 32 Huawei Install Antenna and Feeder System – Feeder Nameplate (1) The letters on the feeder nameplates are described as follows: TX: transmitting RX: receiving RXD: receiving diversity TRX: transmitting and receiving (2) The digits following the letters are described as follows: For an omnidirectional cell only one digit follows the letters It indicates the tributary number For a directional cell two digits follow the letters The former and latter digits respectively indicate the cell number and tributary number 33 Install Antenna and Feeder System – Outline of Antenna and Feeder System Huawei * Install an antenna on a position according to the design requirements * Install the antenna in the protected area of the lightning rod (downward at a 45 angle all around the peak of the lightning rod) * Connect the antenna stand and the tower securely Grounded at the point within m outside the platform Do not bend or kink a feeder and jumper No copper sheet is exposed 20 times of the minimum bending of feeder pipes and jumpers Fix a feeder grounding clip well to the nearby part of the tower Lead the grounding cable of a feeder grounding clip from the top down The appropriate angle formed by the clip and the feeder is not greater than 15 Add a grounding clip to the middle of the tower that is over 60 m high Install the primary feeder and jumper properly The feeder connectors are standard, secure and waterproof Arranges the feeders and jumpers neatly Do not cross them Grounded at the point within m inside the Add a grounding clip to the middle of the cabling rack that is over m long Grounded at the point within m outside the feeder window Tower ground *Nameplate of outdoor feeder Outdoor grounding bar Feeder window Keep the feeder window well sealed Outdoor lightning protection ground Outdoor grounding cable Mount the feeder earthing clips at the following points: 1) Within m of the primary feeder after the feeder leaves the tower platform 2) Within m of the primary feeder before the feeder leaves the cabling rack 3) Outside the feeder window entry 4) Every 25~35 m when the tower is over 60 m high 5) Every 30 m of the feeder at the building top Outdoor earthing cable  34 Huawei Thanks ！ 35 ...Table of Contents Huawei • Introduction to BTS3 12 • Procedure to Install BTS3 12 • Install BTS3 12 Cabinet • Install Antenna and Feeder System Huawei Introduction to BTS3 12 Most GSM base... working of tower grounding bar of building grounding bar AC grounding bar earthing of BTS3 12 Huawei Procedure to Install BTS3 12 Preparation before installation 1) Personnel preparation 2) Documentation... performance of the entire BTS Its installation is the major part of the BTS system installation The antenna and feeder system installation normally consumes 70% of the entire engineering time The installation