Unit 3: The Market Mechanism I. Vocabulary Mechanism(n) ˈmekənɪzəm: a set of moving parts in a machine that performs a task. Eg: a delicate watch mechanism. The mechanism for locking the door of the washing machine is childproof. Arrangement(n) əˈreɪndʒmənt : a plan or preparation that you make so that something can happen. Eg: travel arrangements. Arrangement for something Ill make arrangements for you to be met at the airport. Participant (n) pɑrtɪsɪpənt : a person who is taking part in an activity or event. Eg: He has been an active participant in the discussion. To place an order(v): manipulation when we need to buy something. Eg: To place an order for goods with a firm. Scramble (v) ˈskræmbl : to push, fight or compete with others in order to get or to reach something. Eg: The audience scrambled for the exits. Ration out (v): distribute in rations, as in the army. Eg: Cigarettes are ration out. Rush (v) rʌʃ : to move or to do something with great speed, often too fast. Eg: Weve got plenty of time; theres no need to rush. The sound of rushing water Unload (v) ˌʌnˈləʊd : to remove things from a vehicle or ship after it has taken them somewhere Eg: Everyone helped to unload the luggage from the car. Restore (v) rɪstɔr: to bring back a situation or feeling that existed before. Eg: The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy
Khoa Kế Toán-Kiểm Toán Trường đại học Công Nghiệp Hà Nội Môn: Economy English Unit 3: The Market Mechanism Nhóm 1 Lê Thị Tâm Trần Thúy Trinh Ngô Thị Lan Phương Nguyễn Linh Nhi Chu Tuyết Trinh Content I Vocabulary II.Grammar I Vocabulary - Mechanism(n) /ˈmekənɪzəm/: a set of moving parts in a machine that performs a task Eg: a delicate watch mechanism The mechanism for locking the door of the washing machine is childproof - Arrangement(n) /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ : a plan or preparation that you make so that something can happen Eg: travel arrangements Arrangement for something I'll make arrangements for you to be met at the airport - Participant (n) [pɑr'tɪsɪpənt ] : a person who is taking part in an activity or event Eg: He has been an active participant in the discussion - To place an order(v): manipulation when we need to buy something Eg: To place an order for goods with a firm - Scramble (v) /ˈskræmbl/ : to push, fight or compete with others in order to get or to reach something Eg: The audience scrambled for the exits - Ration out (v): distribute in rations, as in the army Eg: Cigarettes are ration out - Rush (v) /rʌʃ/ : to move or to something with great speed, often too fast Eg: We've got plenty of time; there's no need to rush The sound of rushing water - Unload (v) /ˌʌnˈləʊd/ : to remove things from a vehicle or ship after it has taken them somewhere Eg: Everyone helped to unload the luggage from the car - Restore (v) [rɪ'stɔr]: to bring back a situation or feeling that existed before Eg: The measures are intended to restore public confidence in the economy - Process (n) ['prɑses /'prəʊses]: a series of things that are done in order to achieve a particular result Eg: I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process - Triad (n) ['traɪəd] : the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one Eg: the classic triad of the visual arts: sculpture, architecture and painting - Favorable (adj) ['feɪvərəbl] : good for something and making it likely to be successful or have an advantage Eg: favourable economic conditions - In addition/əˈdɪʃn/: by way of addition; furthermore Eg: In addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight - Shift (n) [ʃɪft] : the act of moving from one place to another Eg: his constant shifting disrupted the class - Relative (adj) ['relətɪv] : not absolute or complete Eg: They now live in relative comfort - Interact (v) ['ɪntə'rækt]: act together or towards others or with others Eg: He interacts very well with other children These devices allow the robot to physically interact with its environment - Tend to (v) : to take a particular direction or often have a particular quality Eg: Prices have tended downwards over recent years 1, Vocabulary Exercise -The workers S… ……… over each other to get out of the burning factory -With inflation, prices T…………… rise very quickly -She speaks French, English, and German I…………….to Vietnamese -At our store Vietnamese bicycles are O………….nobody will buy them at today’s price so they just stay in the store -Conditions are very F…………….for finding work in a growing economy -During the war, the government R……………… meat and other foods -She P…………………………For 10 shirts and 10 pairs of pants -The new A………… of furniture in this room makes the room look bigger -Each P……….… in the seminar had to give a short speech -The prices in Vietnam are low R…………… to prices in America -After they U………… the goods from the ship you can take them to your store -When they heard that there was a new issue of Doraemon comics coming out people R…………to the store to buy it for their children, or perhaps for themselves -The recent S……….in the exchange rate made imported goods cheaper -The T……… of the wine, women, and song is often used to talk about the thing that please men -Parents should I…… a lot with their children so the the children will be happy -After a war it is difficult to R……an economy to its previous state because of damage from bombs -The M……… of making banknotes is very simple, but requires special inputs that ordinary people are not allowed to buy -The look P…… is broken so I can’t unlock my door 2, Column A with column B connector so that the correct meaning of the word A Distribute in rations, as in the army B Not absolute or complete C To move or to something with great speed, often too fast D A set of moving parts in a machine that performs a task E.Manipulation when we need to buy something 2.A past participle can be part of a verb or it can be an adjective -It is part of a verb if it is accompanied by some form of the verb be or have Eg: A balance between buyers and sellers will be restored He has purchased a car It is an adjective when it is not accompanied by some form of be or have Eg: As the buyers scramble around to buy more wheat, the sellers will raise the price of wheat to ration out a limited supply F A person who is taking part in an activity or event G Good for something and making it likely to be successful or have an advantage H A plan or preparation that you make so that something can happen I To bring back a situation or feeling that existed before, K To push, fight or compete with others in order to get or to reach something II Grammatical 1.A present participle is the-ing from of the verb It is a part of a verb when it is accompanied by some form of the verb “tobe” Eg: She is talking to her friend The prices are rising It is an adjective when it is not accompanied by some form of the verb “tobe” Eg: What will happen if a goods as cars becomes overstocked at the going market price? The shift in the relative wages will cause a shift of workers into the growing occupation By paying attention to the two uses of the present and pastparticiples, you can avoid misunderstanding while reading or listening, and avoid making mistakes while writing or speaking Students often mistake a participle for a verb so the make a lot of sentences with either no predicate verb or more than one verb 3 Exercise Indicate if the following sentences are correct(C) or incorrect(I) Give the season why The chapters were taught by the professor this morning will be on next week’s exam The girl drinking coffee is my friend the pizza is served in the restaurant is the most delicious one The child is playing in the garden is my son The story written by Paul appeared in the magazine The letters were posted yesterday will arrive on Monday The tip was offered by the customer was not accepted Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence 1.Employees will be ……… to wear full company uniform whenever they are on company premises A requiring B required C requirement D require The government wants to accelerate the ………… of Internet commerce A growing B grow C grows D growth When I called on her, Mary ……… her room A clean B cleans C cleaning D was cleaning The ……… mail was delivered to the offices before noon A sort B sorted C sorting D sorter She ……… to Canada on Saturday A flying B has flying C is flying D has been flying I……… her since she was a child A knows B know C known D have known The ……… flowers in the meadow created a rainbow of colors A bloom B blooms C blooming D bloomed He……… English now A is studying B studys C study D was studying This noise is very……… A annoys B annoying C annoyed D annoy 10 Some customers were very …………… About the return policy A confusing B confuse C confuses D confused Arrange the following words to complete sentences At the moment / watching TV/ they / are They are watching TV at the moment I / working / in the garden / had been / for / twenty minutes I had been working in the garden for twenty minutes The sea food / has been / market /step by step / restoring The sea food market has been restoring step by step Has / sea environment / affected to / Formosa company Formosa company has affected to sea environment From / save / the company / bank ruptcy / actions / to / rushing/ is / giving / managers Managers is giving rushing actions to save the company from bank ruptcy 6 In Ha Noi / is / of / the head quarter /located / CVN company The head quarter of CVN company is located in Hanoi Concentrates / need / of / people / satisfying /on / unlimited / economics Economics concentrates on satisfying unlimited need of people Used / years / my motor / has /for My motor has used for years The film / yesterday / was/ to / interesting / see The film was interesting to see yesterday 10 A new-brand car / purchased / have / I I have purchased a new-brand car [...]... verb so the make a lot of sentences with either no predicate verb or more than one verb 3 Exercise Indicate if the following sentences are correct(C) or incorrect(I) Give the season why 1 The chapters were taught by the professor this morning will be on next week’s exam 2 The girl drinking coffee is my friend 3 the pizza is served in the restaurant is the most delicious one 4 The child is playing... company is located in Hanoi 7 Concentrates / need / of / people / satisfying /on / unlimited / economics Economics concentrates on satisfying unlimited need of people 8 Used / 3 years / my motor / has /for My motor has used for 3 years 9 The film / yesterday / was/ to / interesting / see The film was interesting to see yesterday 10 A new-brand car / purchased / have / I I have purchased a new-brand car... sentences 1 At the moment / watching TV/ they / are They are watching TV at the moment 2 I / working / in the garden / had been / for / twenty minutes I had been working in the garden for twenty minutes 3 The sea food / has been / market /step by step / restoring The sea food market has been restoring step by step 4 Has / sea environment / affected to / Formosa company Formosa company has affected to... company uniform whenever they are on company premises A requiring B required C requirement D require 2 The government wants to accelerate the ………… of Internet commerce A growing B grow C grows D growth 3 When I called on her, Mary ……… her room A clean B cleans C cleaning D was cleaning 4 The ……… mail was delivered to the offices before noon A sort B sorted C sorting D sorter 5 She ……… to Canada on Saturday