Oxford Grammar for Schools 5

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Illustrations by:Judy Brown pp.36 42 68 78 92 (Ex 10) 97 98 107 (Ex 1) 112 (Ex 1).

118 12!» (Ex 8) 131 (Ex 1) 133 134 162 165 174 180 183:JamesHart pp.26 49.

73 92 (EX 8) 99 106 125 (Ex 6) 127 141 147, 167 179 185; Sean Longcroft pp.7.

8 17 38 (Ex 13).50 (Ex 1) 62 65 81 94 126 129 142 152 164 166(Ex 1) 188; Andy Peters pp.6 1 1 16 35 50 (boys with fiat-pack) 61 67 74 84 87 1 12 (man

and woman) 131 (boy and girl with bottle) 138 155 157

We would also like to thank the following for permission to reproduce the following

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158 (airline tag/lesapi images), (loading luggage/Lisa S.) plane/Ewan Chesser),

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Raths) 185(dotshock) l88(fisherman/pistolseven)

OxfordGrammarfor Schools helps students developa

detailedunderstanding ofgrammarform andusein

context,andinspiresthemtohave fun with English

through personalizedactivities, gamesand role play.

Thegrammaris introducedorrevisedthrough

easy-to-read tables and illustratedpresentationswith clear

examples, all of which are level-appropriate The

exercises build from controlled activitiesuptomore

communicativeand productive skills-basedactivities

In each unit there are several speaking activities where

students work with each othertouseEnglishwith

improvedaccuracy andconfidence.The extended

writingactivities alsoencouragestudentstouse

languagein realistic situations.

Eachunitbegins witha 'Cando'statement,which

summarizes what students will be abletoachieve on

completion ofthe unit.At the endofeachunitisa

self-evaluation table.Studentsshould be encouragedto

ratetheir progressineachexercise,which helps them

totake responsibilityfortheirown learning and also

increases motivation

At the end of the book there are ninepagesofextra

information fortheinformationgapactivities,a

referencesectioncontaining form tables,andan

irregular verb list.

Studentscan usetheOxfordGrammarfor Schoolsseries

in class withany coursebooktosupportand reinforce theirgrammarstudy.The Teacher's Book includes all theanswersand audioscripts.Therearealso photocopiabletestsfor every Student's Bookunit,and

tworeviewtestswhichcan be usedatthe end of school

termsoratany otherappropriatetime

Student's DVD-ROM

TheStudent's DVD-ROMincludes all theexercises in

theStudent's Book,aswellas all the audio recordings for the listening andpronunciationactivities Students

can accessextrascoredinteractive activities,givingthemmotivatingadditionalpractice for homework These can be printed The teacher can also use theDVD-ROMon an interactive whiteboard inclass.

Key to the symbols

O0.0 (= 0.0track number) Listening activity

'!ÿ Mostchallengingexercise

A difficulty ratingisgiventoeach exercise The scale of difficulty is relativetoeach unit,

sothereare exerciseswithone,two,and three starsinevery unit

Introduction 3

2 Quantifiers (Not)much,(not)many, several, lots,alotof,

(a)few,(a)little

Too much,toomany, (not)enough

11

3 Pronouns Reflexiveandemphatic pronouns:myself,etc.

Indefinitepronouns:someone,everywhere,etc.

16

4 Revisionoftenses Presentsimple;have(got)

Present continuousPastsimple;pasttime expressionsPast continuous;when/while

25

5 Thepresent Presentsimpleor presentcontinuous?

Stateverbs andactionverbs

30

6 Thepast Presentperfect,pastsimple,pastcontinuous,pastperfect

Adverbs andtimeexpressions:just/already/yet/still/ever/

assoonas/by the time/until/wn en/while

Future continuous andfuture perfect

41

8 The-ingformand theinfinitive The-ingform; aftergo;adjective +prepositioncombinations

Theinfinitivewithout toand with to;make/let;senseverbs

Theinfinitivewithto orthe-ingform;stop/try/remember

50

9 Reported speech Reportedstatements;tensechanges;time andplace references

Reportedquestions; 'Could youtellme ?7'Let'sask '

11 Sentenceswith it Itused withweather/distance/time;it takes ;it and there 64

12 Verbs withtwoobjects Make/give/send/offerwithtwo objects;indirect and direct

objects

67

13 Ability andrequests Ability:can/can't,could,be ableto,managedto

Requests:can,could, would, may

74

14 Necessityand obligation Must,haveto,needto,can

Hadto,neededto,needn't have,couldn't

79

15 Plans,predictionsand

guesses

Makingplans(shall,could,would)

Predictions (might,may,will)Guessesandspeculations(must,might,could,can't)

84

4 Contents

16 Questionsandquestiontags Questions:subjectandobjectquestions; What +noun;How+

adjective; What for?;What like?

Questiontags

93

17 Relative clausesand

exclamatory sentences

Definingrelative clauses:who/that/which/whose/where;

omissionof relativepronoun

Non-definingrelative clauses Exclamatorysentences:How+opinionadjective;

What +adjective/noun

98

Revision5 Units 16-17 103

18 Zeroandfirstconditional Zeroconditional

First conditional;if/unless

Wish and if only withpast tenses;beglad/pleased(that)

Wish +would;would rather +pastsimple

117Revision6 Unit 18-20 122

21 Comparativeandsuperlative

forms

Comparativeandsuperlativeadjectives;notas as

Comparativeandsuperlative adverbs

126

22 Adjectivesand adverbsof

degree

Positionof adjectives;presentparticiple adjectives;

past participleadjectivesOrderofadjectives

Adverbsofdegree: very/really/rather/quite

131

23 Adverbs: frequency,manner,

placeandtime

Adverbsoffrequency Adverbsofmanner, timeandplace

Active andpassive

Presentsimple passivePastsimplepassive

157

28 Futuresimplepassiveand

might

Futuresimplepassive

Passivewith might+be/get

162

29 Havesomethingdone Havesomethingdone: varioustensesanddifferentmodal verbs 166

30 Phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs with object/no object

Phrasal verbs withget/give/go/put/take

Countable and uncountable nouns; articles

I can use countable and uncountable nouns; I can use articles.

Countable and uncountable nouns

My uncle's awexplorer. He'sclimbed

Moui-vt Everest,crossedthecÿobidesert,

riddenacross theiÿSA oi-va motorbikeavuA

travelledacrossAfrica ivÿa hotair balloon

but he's vÿeversailed ayvy ofthe tafees or

seasofthe world

iÿot?

Hehateswater!

Weusecountablenounstotalk about things(people,

animals,objects,ideas,events)whichwe cancount

Countablenounshavesingularand plural forms

friend-»friends class-»classes family -»families

tomato->tomatoes wife-» wives

Thereare someirregularplural forms

man-»men woman-»women child->children

person ->people foot-»feet tooth -» teeth

sheep -» sheep mouse->mice goose->geese

radio -» radios

Weuse uncountablenounstotalk about substances andforceswhich can't be counted:rice,water,

weather, electricity,space.

This includesmanyfoodsandliquids: cheese,meat,butter,sugar,milk,juice

man-made and natural materials: glass, glue,wood,blood, mud, oxygen

generalideas: wealth, information,beauty,advice,

moneygroupingwords:furniture, traffic,accommodation,news

feelings:happiness,sadness,confusion

adrop aslice ablock ajar

ofwater ofcheese of ice of jam

Somemoreexamplesinclude:a kiloofrice,apiece

of information,afeeling ofsadness.

Somenouns canbe countable oruncountable,withdifferentmeanings

Putnewspaperonthefloor.(=material,U)

Canyougetme a newspaper? (=object,C)

Sorry,wehaven'tgottimeforlunch. (=general idea,U)

Ringthe bellthree times(=event,action,C)

Plantsneedlightandwater.(=naturalforce,U)

Howmany lightshaveyougotinyourbedroom?(=object,C)

You'vegotapplejuiceonyourshirt.(=liquid,U)Wouldyoulikeanapplejuice?(=aglass ofapplejuice,C)

Othernounswhichcanbe uncountableor countable includebusiness,exercise,experience,glass,hair,iron,

life,noise, sport

Uncountablenouns don't havepluralforms.Wecan

oftenuse acountablenoun+of beforethemto

expressquantity

6 Countableanduncountablenouns;articles

* 1 Arethe underlinednounscountable(C) oruncountable(U)?

ÿ I'vegotagoodidea! c 5 Is itmadeofglass? _

ÿ Wasthe weather good? uc 6 He'sphoned themsix times _

1 Haveyou gotan umbrella? - 7 Lookatthepeopleoverthere. _

2 Where arethekeys? _ 8 There'smud onthefloor _

3 Ittakestimetolearnalanguage. _ 9 Whatarevour hopesforthefuture?

4 Weneed 300gramsofsugar. _ 10 Could Ihavea glassofwater? _

Vocabulary mindmapgame.Workinteams

How manycountablenouns can youthink

Oofforthesetopics?Youhave five minutes!

money education music water

* 2 Workinpairs.Label thepictureswith the wordsinthe box.Use a,an or anumber with the countable

nouns.Usea pluralform where necessary Numbers1-4arevocabulary topics

bus car chati boy drop ofrain furniture people lorry man motorbike

puddle girl weather raincoat sofa shelf table transport umbrella woman

ÿ Thereweretenmouses/mice

1 Could Ihavetwobox/ boxesofmatches?

2 It's/They're good news! We won!

3 Hisfeetwas / were verydirty

4 Theringsare made ofgolds /gold

5 Kindnessis/areimportant

6 Sixvanilla ice-cream/ice-creams,please

7 Youcanreada newspaper/newspaperwhile

Igetthe drinks

8 I'd likeabedroom withmore space/ spaces

It's verysmall.

*ÿ

*j Circlethetwo correctwords ineach line.

ÿ aslice /(piece /drop ofcake

1 a bit/ piece /litre ofinformation

2 aspoonful /slice/ bagof sugar

3 adrop / bottle/pieceofwater

4 a block ofcheese/ milk/wood

5 afeeling ofsadness/ oxygen /excitement

6 ajar ofhoney/jam /energy

7 apacket ofcrisps/juice /biscuits

8 acarton/ packet/ boxof eggs

Unit1 7

A, an, some, any, the, no article

A andan areindefinitearticles.Weusethem when it isnotimportantwhichparticular noun or nouns

we'retalking about.Weuseanyinsteadofsomeinnegativesentences and somequestions

a/an+ singular countablenouns some/ any+ plural countablenouns some/ any+ uncountablenouns I

I'llget abowlof rice

I'd likean orange,please

I'llget somebowlsofrice

I'd likesome oranges,please

Therearen'tanytrees.

I'llget some rice

I'd likesome orangejuice, please

Isthere anyspace?

Weusuallyusesome,notany,in politerequestsandoffers

CouldIhave/Wouldyoulikesomecrisps?

Weusethe with countable and uncountablenouns

whenit is importantor clearwhichthing, things,

personor peoplewe aretalking about.Thiscanbe

becausewe havealreadytalked about thembefore

Wesaw some greenbirds andsomebrown birds.

Thegreenbirdswerebeautiful

We alsouse the when thereisinformationafterwards

toidentify the noun

I'dlike theorangesthatareinyourbag

Ankara is thecapitalcity ofTurkey

Weuse the when the noun is theonlyone inthe world

orintheplacewherewe are

Isaw it ontheinternet

Let'sask the teacher.

Wealso usethe with musicalinstruments

Heplaysthepiano/the drums/theviolin

We usethe withnamesofrivers,seas, mountain

ranges,deserts and groupsofislandsorstates

It'saphotooftheAmazon/thePacificOcean/

the Andes /the Sahara/the Canaries/the United

ArabEmirates

We use noarticle withpluralcountable nounsand uncountablenounswhenwe aretalking in general

Helikes books andfilms

Breadis madeof flour,water,yeast andsalt.

We use noarticlebefore colours,sports,activities

This isCanada/Mount Fuji/Lake Geneva/

Madagascar/Asia(butTheUSA/TheUK).

Wealsouse noarticlebefore placeswhen thefunction oftheplaceis moreimportantthan thebuilding.When the buildingismore important weuse an article

Ted'satschool.(=theplacewhereyouhave lessons)

The school'sonfire!(=thebuildingitself)This rule also appliestoprison,hospitaland university

Mybrother'sin hospital foranoperation

The busstops atthehospital

* 6 Lookatthepicturesandwrite a,an or some

7 ©O1.2 Listentothesesentences Howis

the pronounced?Isit/ói:/ or/óo/?Circlethe

pronunciation youhear.Answer thequestion,

then listenagainandrepeat

© Ican see

'Where?'

butterflies.'

trees'

she hadthetickets.

wesawthe elephants.

Iwashedtheuniform

'Over there, by_

4 'Didyouhave_ swimminglesson today?'

'No,because therewas_ problemwith

'No,just _ spoonful ofbrownsugar.'

6 'Look,Igot_ new plates.Doyoulike

design?'

little blueflowers in

He'sselliyvgtheMP 3players, r a /ói:/ b /óo/

-y -v-v—-v- vv—

5 When dowealwayspronouncetheas/ói:/?

a beforeavowel sound

b beforea vowel letter

8 O1.3 What do thespeakers say?Listen and

tickÿa orb

ÿ a I founda ring ÿ

b Ifoundsome rings O

1 a Ican see aplane [_j

b Icanseetheplane ÿ

2 a Hemade chairs ÿ

b Hemade the chairs

3 a We've got anidea ÿ

b We've gotsome ideas [~~]

4 a Thoseare eggs —

b Thosearetheeggs

5 a Openthe window

b Openawindow (H

6 a It'sthe university

b It'sa university

7 a It wasthe hourbeforebedtime I I

b It was anhourbeforebedtime [_]

9 01.4 Completetheconversationswitha, an,the, u

anyor some.Then listen and check ÿ1ÿ

ÿ 'I bought so\M.e magazinesfor you.'

'Thanks Wherearethey?'

'In the livingroom.'

1 'CanIhave_ piece oftoastwith

*1 Completethesentenceswith theor- (noarticle)

ÿ They're skiing in the Alps

I'd liketospeakto_ manager O

1

2 Idon't usually like tomatoesbutI like

_ tomatoes mygrandfathergrows

3 Thesetwocolours make - blue.

4 It livesin _ Mediterranean Sea

5 Canyouplay_ piano?

6 It'smadeof_ butter and _ oil.

7 What timedoyouhave_ lunch?

8 Lookat _ moon!

9 Shecomes,from_ Philippines.

10 They had funyesterday.

!i:11 01.5 Work in smallgroups.Lookatthe photo

and write theanswerstothequestions.Guessifyou don't know.Then listen and check O

ÿ Whichcontinent is it?

Sou-thAmerica X

1 Whichcontinent is it?

'No,I'm afraidnot.Doyouwant_

'No,thanks.'

2 'What'sthat?Isit_ pen?'

'No,it's_ torchItoldyouabout.'

apple?' 2 Whichcountry isit?

3 What'sinthebigpots?

4 Whatarethemengoingtodo next?

Unit1 9

*12 O1.5 Turnto page180.Completethe audioscriptwith a, an, the,some or- (no article). ÿ

Then listenagainand check ÿ1ÿ

:f13 Playingroups.Writeonewordforeach letterofthealphabet.Wordsmustbefrom one

ofthesecategories.Useanarticle where necessary.Whichteam canfinish first?

a food a colour a naturalsubstanceor material

Race 1 a river,sea ordesert

Race 2 aman-made substance

Race3 alake,islandor continent

a groupofmountains ormaterial ajob

acountry agroupofislandsorstates a drink

*14

*15

Race 1:A-theAndes,B-bread,C-Chile,D-

Completethequestionnaire.Thencompareyour opinions in smallgroups

What do you th'uftk?

Decide if these things are:

Very important </ÿ Important ÿ Notimportant X

Choosethreeor four things, peopleor places,

and write about why theyare importantto

you Usethenounsfromexercise14or yourownideas.

WHAT'S IMPORTANTINMyUF6?

Friends, goodhealth, m,w.slcaiÿdfootball are very

lm,portfli-vtto vÿt.

( havethree goodfriends atschoolauvdother

importai/vtto m,efor differentreasons

What'sImportauvtlia-life?

Whatdoyou thii/vte?

\ttVmfegooa iIsiwjÿort&'vX, Síá-íJ

education Motley'siA-otImportawt.

"E.u.t moiA-ey'svery iÿportai-vt for foodaÿvddrivÿi,forgood health

Self-evaluation Rateyour progress

U U U

Myfriend sldcvey Isa

10 Countableanduncountablenouns;articles

I can describe quantity; I can talk about problems of quantity.

o\\ dear too

fríemete,i/voteiÿouc0h

There's ewugkfood for everyo vÿt.

we'vegot Lotsofbiscuits,Lotsof

crisps avÿdLotsof appLe juice.

uncountablenouns

uncountablenounsand plural countablenouns

pluralcountablenouns

(Not) much, (not) many, several, lots, a lot of, (a) few, (a) little

many a couple of several

few/not many afew

lotsof/alotof no

much alittle/a bitof little/not much

B.utLoote! Tfoere areoiÿLy a coupLeof

biscuits,afew cris-psaiÿd a bit of

appLe juice,lhatIsuv'tewugkl

To talk aboutverylargequantitiesweusealotof/

lotsof+noun (countable or uncountable)

Therewere lotsof/alot ofpeopleotthepark

We'vegotlots of/alotoftime

We can use a loton its own

350people?That'salot!

To talk about quite largenumbers-about threeor

four-we can useseveral + countablenoun

Severalpeoplewant tobuythis house.

I'vespokentoJim several times

Totalk about smallquantitieswe can use a couple

of+ countablenounandabitof+ uncountablenoun

Weneedacouple ofplates.(= two)There'sa bitofwateronthefloor.(=a smallamount)

We canalsouse(a)little and(a)few

A fewanda little havea positive meaning

It'sOK.Westillhavealittlewater

Areyou hungry?IthinkIhavea few biscuitsinmy bag

Fewand little(withouta) havea negative meaning

I'm afraidI'vemade littleprogressthisafternoon

Theyplantedalotofseeds butfew plantsgrew

Inquestionsaboutquantitywe use much andmany

Weretheremanypeopleatthepark?

Howmuchtimedowehave?

Wealso usemuch and manyinnegativesentences

Therearen'tmanycups.

Idon't needmuchtime

Weoftenusesomeandanywith countable and

uncountablenouns,but whenwewant togivemore

informationaboutquantities,we use other quantifiers.

Unit2 11

* 1 Completethedescriptionwith thequantifiers in

the box

several acouple of a few O

ÿ We'vegot several bottles, afew glassesand

a coupieof spoons.

many several much

1 Wehad _ potsof paintbut didn't have

_ paintbrushesandwedidn't have _

paper

a little a lotof several a few

2 Only_ peoplecametothe meeting,but

weonly had_ space because therewas

_ furnitureand_ largeboxesin

theroom

a lotof much acoupleof a bit of

3 We'vegot tomato sauce, green

peppersand_

got _ cheese.

mushrooms butwe haven't

2 O2.1 Circle thecorrect optionstocompletethe

conversation.Then listen and check.

Ben: Howwasyour concert,Jason? ©

Did

*many /muchpeoplecome?

Jason: No.''Many /Lotsof peopleasked about

tickets,butonthe nightvery 2a few /fewpeoplecame It was disappointing

Ben: Whatashame.Youspent3much/alotof

time practising,didn'tyou?

Jason: Yes,butwehad 4no/a littletimeto

practisewith Leo, our new violinist On thepositiveside,Leowas fantastic.Hehasn'tplayed in public5afew/ manytimes,but

hewas brilliant! 6Acoupleof/Fewpeople

fromthe local newspaperwantedtotalkto

himafterwards

Great!7A little/ Littlepublicitywould bea

good thing, youknow

What's different? Work inpairs.Student

A turn to page 180.Student Bturn to

page 183 Can youfind eightmore

differences in threeminutes?

ikvmy picturethere's a lotofshampoo

Ikvmy picturethere Isuÿ'tmuchshampoo

Ben:

4 What doyouneed?Discussthequestions

ÍÉÉÉr jn pajrS/ usjngquantifiers,the words in

the box andyourown ideas

bread butter acloth eggs flour fruitgift wrap glue matches paper ribbon

salt scissors soap stickytape string sugartennis balls tennis rackets water wood

What doyouneed

to playtennis?

to makea picnicfor 20people?

towash a very dirtycar?

tomakeacake?

tobuild and lightafire?

towrapa present?

tomakeyour favourite drink?

to-play tevÿvÿis, you vÿeeda coupleof

teiA.i'u.s rackets avuk lotsoftevwúsballs

W Writeaboutthreemoreactivities and

ÿ/ / whatyou needtodo them Use

quantifiers.Keep your activitiessecret

Tocatchafish, you.vÿeed aflshíi-vg ihÿeavula

bit ofmeatorcheese

Work ina group.Readoutthethings

youneedforyouractivities inexercise5

Canthe others guess the activities?

For my first activity, youvÿeeda bucket,

aspecial lli-veavuA abit ofmeator cheese

isIt fl shli-vg?

yes,that's right!

12 Quantifiers

Too much, too many, enough/ not enough

+++ ® toomany+ plural countablenoun

+++ © toomuch + uncountablenoun

enough +pluralcountableor

uncountablenounand questions

notenough+pluralcountable

noun or uncountable noun

You ask toomanyquestions!

There'stoo muchwaterinthe bath

I'vegotenoughspace

Have yougotenough batteries?

Are thereenoughbooks?

Ihaven't hadenough breakfast

He hasn'tbought enough apples

Weusetoo much,toomanyandnotenoughtotalk and ask about problemsofquantity

Therearetoomanychairs

Thereareenoughchairs.

Therearen'tenoughchairs.

Wecan use them without a noun whenthe meaning

isclear.

Ican'teatall thisfood!IthinkI'vetakentoomuch.

Thefood's nearlyallgone Wehaven'tgotenough!

©2.2 Listen.Whatarethey talking about? fEa

Matchspeakers 1-6toa-f ÿ1ÿ

*8 O2.2 Listenagain.Is each personhappyor L

unhappy?Draw©or®.

1 © 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _ 6 _

We pronounceenoughas/i'nAÍ/.

Weoftenusefor+noun orpronounafter enough

There'senough food forthem.

Wecanalso addato-infinitivetoenoughtoadd

moreinformation

Ihaven'tgotenoughmoneytobuyitnow

Wecancombineenough+noun+for+pronoun+

to+infinitive

Therewon'tbe enoughtimeforustohave lunch.

Thereareenoughchairsforeveryonetositdown.

Wecanalsousetooandenoughwith adjectives.

It'stoocold! It'snotbigenough!

9 O2.3 Circlethecorrectoption.Then listen and »

3 He'sgottoo much/manysparetime!

4 Isthereenoughhotwaterfor/to me for/ to

haveabath?

5 Wedon't needanymore paper We'vegot

enough /enoughpaper

6 Don'teatany more biscuits.You'vealreadyhad

toomanybiscuits/too many

O

Unit2 13

*1C Completethesentenceswith toomuch,toomany

orenough

ÿ You've got too mflnuj clothes.You never

wearthem!

1 There were _ peopleintheroom.

Itfelt verycrowded

2 Are we goingto have

It'sgettinglate.

3 Therearen't_

time?

books, I'mafraid

You'll havetoshare

4 I'veeaten_

5 You've put_ .thingschocolate!inthisIfeelsuitcase.ill!

I can't close it

6 Youcan make a skirt with this material, but there

isn't_ for adress.

*1 1 Add fororto tothesesentences

ÿ Ihopewe've gotenoughpaint ÿ

for this wall.

1 Isthere enoughroom_ my bag?

2 Thereareenoughchairs _ tenpeople.

3 There isn'tenoughink _ printthat.

4 Wehaven'tgotenoughtime_ gototheshopsand themuseum

5 I'msorry,but I haven'tgot enough_ you

6 Therewasn't enough light_ me_

O

see the words on thepage

How should your schoolspendsome

money?Read the taskinstructions

1 Your school hasjust won £2,000 in prizemoney

Theywant toknow what students think about

howtheyshould use themoney

2 Lookattheoptions inthe table Makeyourown

decision,then talk in pairs.Work withtwo other

pairs and reach a decision as a group

Ithli/Uethe school shouldbuysome

i/vewcomputerswith themoiA<ey

htow macvy?just a coupleor a lot?

Maybe four.

T£i/vcomputers "Tfoflt's £,±,000

-too muchmoiÿey,IthifUe.

sp tten east ysurderéisn ¡ yourdecisionpair's your group'sdecision

Payfor improvementsto

the schoolgrounds-more

benches,treesandflowers

Buynewsportsequipment

forthe school £300-£2000

Yesor no? Howmuch?

f

Inviteafamouspersonto

comeandspeakto theschool £500

Yesor no? Who?

f

Organizeatripfor40pupils

toa nationalsportingevent £1000 £

Organizea tripfortwopupils

!íl3 Read thequestionnaireandcompleteit with the words below.

lotsof abit little many any afew couple a lot

toomuch toomany enough how much howmany

What's right

for you?

We're all different Some people

lovebeingwith peopleandthey

needÿ lotsof friends Forthem,

tenfriends isn't1 Other

peopledon't need2_ good

friends -just two or three For

them,tenfriends is3

Tick ÿthe best answersfor you

then compare your answerswith

4_ different friends You'll

besurprisedat howdifferent your

answers are!

Friends -5_ do you need?

More than 50 H A few - three or four.[ ]

Aboutfifteen.Í A 6_ of really goodfriends

Sleep-7_ doyou need a night?

Ninehours. Eight hours Q

Seven hours (7! Six hours O

3 Timealone, butnot asleep-is it importantto you?

Yes, I need8_ - about twohoursaday.ÿ

Ineed9_ - aboutan houraday ÿ

No I needvery 10_ - abouthalf an hour aday,or less ÿ

4 Chocolate-how much doyoueat a day?

11_ !I must try to stop \~\

A bit,but not much. Idon't eat12 f~]

*14 O2.4 Read thequestionnaire again Listento twopeople talkingabout theiranswers

Write FforFrank and Á forAlison.

ÿ Who needsa lot of friends? f 2 Who needsa lot of time onhis/herownevery day?

1 Who doesn't need muchsleep? _ 3 Whoeatssomechocolateeveryday? _

Tick ÿyourown answerstothequestionnaire.Then talk aboutyouranswers insmallgroups

A couple ofgoodfríe*-ds,Isewughfor m.e

Really?I vÿttd vÿore \toa*,so More t haiÿso\That'sa Lot!

Write about thecity,town or villagewhere

youlive.Doyouhaveenough ofthesethings,

too much,or toomany?Addyour ownideas.

shops markets pollution buses parks

cinemas tourists parkingspaces trees flowers

MyTOWN

"Therearetotsofgoodthuÿsabout towcv

wehavea Lotof differentshops avÿda couple of

excellentm,arteets,too i can/tsay that wehave

a Lotofgreeÿs-paces becausewe doÿ'tget\M.uch

raí*,here,but thereare several i<vlce -parteswhere

peoplecai/vrelax

r Self-evaluation Rate your progress |

CJ ÿ U Cj. u

CJ-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

910

11 12 13 14 15 16

Unit2 15

I can use reflexive, emphatic and indefinite pronouns.

Reflexive and emphatic pronouns

Reflexiveand emphatic pronouns have thesameform

Subject Object Reflexive/emphatic

pronoun pronoun pronoun

you you yourselves

they them themselves

Weuse a reflexivepronounaftera verb when the

subject and objectofthesentencearethe same

1 cut myself

We taught ourselves Italian.

Wecan usereflexivepronounsafterthese verbs:cut,

hurt, burn, introduce, teoch, tell, make, force, watch,see,

surprise

MayIintroduce myself?I'mMaryRoberts.

Theyweretiredafterthelong flightbut theyforced

themselvesto stayuplate.

We don't use reflexivepronounsafterthese verbs:

decide,concentrate,wakeup,standup,rest,relax,hurry.

Wecan use anemphatic pronounafterthe objectofa

nounto mean'withouthelp'

Wecan useemphatic pronounswith thismeaning

afterthese verbs: make, write,design,cook,grow, paint,

fix,invent

George grewthoseflowers himself

Wemanagedtofix thecomputerourselves

Wecanalsouse anemphatic pronounaftera noun

or pronoun,tomean'thispersonorthing andno

otherone'

She herselfsaid she had madea mistake

Ispoketothe directorhimself

Weusereflexivepronounsaftersomeverb + adjective

prepositioncombinations.

You should beproudofyourself

Jasonnever believed in himself

However,we useobject pronouns,notreflexivepronouns,after prepositions ofplace

Ihearda noise behindme.

Wenoticedsomeonestandingnear us

Thereare some idioms withreflexive pronouns

I'm suretheywill behave themselves!(=begood)Enjoyyourself!(=havefun)

Makeyourselfathome.(=behaveasif thiswasyour home)

Help yourselftohot drinks.(=takeasmanyas

youwant)

Iwent tothecinemabymyself.(=alone)

Subject Verb Object Emphaticpronoun

He made that giraffe himself

They grew the flowers themselves.

what ha-p-pei-ved toyour -filler?

CÜlcu.tmyself.Iwas rÿa\ziiÿo¡ sotÿethiiÿg.

CDwhat wereyou tualeútg?

P QThat woodengiraffe.

lO Y°uvuade that yourself?

= Q yes, Idid.

Youshould be -proudof yourself', it's

beautiful', you.could sellittosovÿeovÿe.

16 Pronouns

Completethesentenceswith thecorrect

subjectpronoun.

switcheditself off

.can teach himself

_ seeyourselfinthis photo?

O * 4 Circlethecorrectoption

fixedthecomputer myself

12 ©O3.1 Listentothestressinsentencesa-g

andanswerquestions1and 2.Then listenagain

a She's enjoying herself

b I'vehurt myself.

c Wefilmed ourselves.

d Didyoumake thatyourself?

e Theyinvented itthemselves.

f The bookitselfisgood butIdidn't like the film.

g Ispoketothemanagerhimself

1 Dowestressthe reflexivepronounsin

sentencesa-c? Yes/No

2 Dowestresstheemphaticpronounsin

sentencesd-g? Yes/No

;;:3 O3.2 Write the idioms with reflexivepronouns.L

Then listen, check and repeat

ÿ yourself/you /enjoy/did

lúdijoueiÿjoijijourseif_ ?

1 to/yourself/ acake/ help

2 by/was/himself /he

3 make/at home/yourselves

4 are/they/themselves/behaving

1 Shedecoratedherselfthe cake/the cakeherself

2 Helikeshavinghis family nearhim/ himself

3 Wewatched us/ ourselves onTV

4 Shewasholdinga bigboxbehindherself / her.

5 He isn'tenjoying him/ himselftoday.

Coverthesentencesin exercise4.Lookatthepictures.Howmanysentencescanyouremember?

Completethesentenceswith thecorrectreflexive

oremphaticpronouns O

Sheintroduced herself tome

bygettingall theanswers

Isurprised_correct

DidBillybehave_

Wemade this _

Mysister hurt_

Thecatsaw_

Help_ tobiscuits, Mary!

The childrenwent tothe shopsby_

Therestaurantwas nice but thefood

wasn'tvery good

_atthe park

intheglass

Unit3 17

Indefinite pronouns

Weuseindefinitepronounswhenwetalk about

people, thingsandplaceswithout usingtheir name.

Someonehelpedmeatthestation.(=Idon't know

his/hername.)

Helives somewhereinAustralia.(=Idon't know

exactlywhere.)

Ididn'teatanythingyesterday.(=Iateno food.)

Didyousee anyone?(=Itdoesn't matterwho.)

Weuseindefinitepronounswithsome- inaffirmative

sentences,and indefinitepronounswith any-in

questionsandnegatives

However,we can use some- in questionsifwe are

makinga requestor anoffer

CanIhavesomethingelse?

Wouldyoulikesomeonetohelpyou?

thin

ing/

gs something anything

A place/

Weoftenuseadjectives after indefinitepronouns with

some-andany-

I'dliketolive somewhere hot.

Areyou doing anythingspecial thisweekend?

Wecanalso usefor+noun,to+the infinitiveor a

definingrelative clauseafter indefinitepronounswith

some-andany-

Wehaven'tgotanythingforBeth.

Let'sfindsomewhereto eat

Ican't see anyone Iknow.

We use indefinitepronounswith every- andno- to

meanallandnone.We use them with asingular verb

Everyonehasgonehome.(=all the people)

Wesawnothing.(= Wedidn'tseeanything.)Everywhereisclosed.(=allplaces)

I'velookedeverywhere.(=inallplaces)

Meaning'all' Meaning'no'/none'

People everyone/

everybody nobody/nooneThings everything nothing

Places everywhere nowhere

Weoftenuseelse (=other,more)after indefinite

pronouns

Jack's stillhere,buteveryoneelse hasgonehome.

(=all the otherpeoplehavegone)'Wouldyoulikeanything else?' 'No,that'sall,thanks'

* 7 Tickÿthecorrect indefinitepronoun

ÿ Haveyoufound jnÿthuÿL?

Z8 ©O3.3 Listen Arethe underlined vowel sounds

thesame (S) ordifferent(D)? Listenagainand

repeat

ÿ Nowhere'sopen S/D

1 I can see someone S/D

2 Someone'sup there! S/D

3 He saidsomething funny. S/D

4 Hesaidsomethingwrong S/D

5 There'snothingonthe bed. S/D

6 There'snothingunder the bed. S/D

7 Didyoucatchanything? S/D

8 Did yougetanything? S/D

O

18 Pronouns

1J any every no no some some

one one one thing thing where where

ÿ Thereisn't at-ujtkino specialinthere-just a

fewold clothes.

1 Where is_ ? Havetheyallgone?

2 Ow! I'vegot _ inmy eye

3 _'s open.All theshopsareclosed today.

4 Heneeds _ tolive.

5 I didn't know_ at themeeting

6 Thephonerang but_ answered.

210 Circlethecorrect option

ÿ Nobodywant/wants it

1 CanI havesomethingelse/elsesomething for

lunch?

2 Are/ Is everyoneready?

3 Therewas nothingIcould/could do.

4 'Where haveyoubeen?' 'Anywhere/ Nowhere.'

5 Haveyou boughtanythingfor /toAngie?

6 Sheneedssomeonefor /totalkto

S11 O3.4 Listentofourconversations What arethe

people doing?Choose from a-f

1 c a buying train tickets

2 _ b lookingatoldphotos

3 _ c walking inthecountryside

4 _ d shoppingfor food

e playingagame

f planninga triptoanothercountry

*12 O3.4 Listen againandcompletethe summariesfaÿ)%

with these words andphrases

somewhere anyone everywhere everything

anywhere shemetonholiday in India

for breakfast tostop

Completeeachsentencewith anindefinite / *13 Work inteams.Dothequiz.Whichteam

pronounusinga word from eachbox. canfinishfirst?

Talkin smallgroups.Taketurns to

choosea topicfromthe list and talk about itforone minute

Conversation1

ÿ Theboyscan'tsee anyone_ .

2 Theycan'tsee_ good.

Conversation2

3 Theboy's thinkingof_ ,notsomething

Conversation3

4 Thegirlshaven'tgot

5 They needto getsomething

someone in myfamilysomethingthat makesme angry

somethingIwant tohaveonedaysomethingIwant todoonedaysomethingI'd likerightnowsomewherespecialinmycountry

somewhere I'd liketovisit

Unit3 19

*1 5 Completethenotewith reflexive,emphaticand

indefinitepronouns.

Hi, Frank, Julia, Oscar, Tedand Itlarÿ!

ftease makeÿ yourselves at home here

Por the week

Ive left Por ÿour supper in

in

in the fYuit basket, but the greengrocer it

tne village is verÿ good.

Help 3_ to the cake on table.

(Ihope ÿou like it 1made it 4_ !)

There are lots of interesting places around

here You can go 5_ different

everÿ daÿi

ÿou dont need to do 6_ when

ÿou leave Just close the door and leave the

keÿ under the flowerpot.

f Youare Frank from exercise15.Write

y a thank younote toCatherine.Include

threeor moreofthese phrases

wewentsomewhereto eat

we metsomeone interesting

we couldn't seeanyone

Tedwent outbyhimself

heatesomethingbad

Juliafound somethingstrange

we sawsomething amazing / strange

Unfortunately,Oscarcuthimself

*1 7 Read each other's thankyounotesfrom

exercise16.Who had themostinterestingweek?

SI 8 Work in groups.Ask Yes/Noquestions

tofind peoplewhocando thesethings.Write their names

CfliA.you\M,a\zeyourself cry,I>íásy?

No, Icaw/t.

CfliA,youm,ateeyourseLf cry, rzoiÿiÿy?

yes, [ cai*>.

Findsomeone who

canmakehimself/herselfcry

- sometimestalkstohimself/herself _

likesgoingfor awalk byhimself/herself.

hashurt himself/herself whiledoingsport

likesseeinghimself/herselfinphotos

canmake himself/herself sound likesomeone

else _

would likesomethingto eatnow _

hasnothingintheir pockets _

didn'tphone anyone yesterday _

can saysomethinginfive different languages

didsomething speciallast weekend _

knowssomeonewho has visited lotsof different

countries _

20 Pronouns

Units 1-3 Exam preparation

Reading

Read thetext andquestionsbelow.Foreachquestion,tickA, B,Cor D

J J J

r

Rice Rice is one white of the most rice popularpopiÿ brown foods rice in the I world recaes A M°i

How much do you know about it?

Uses

The mainuseforrice isas astaplefood,like

bread and pasta Peopleeatit with meat or

fishandvegetables asthe main partofa meal.

People alsousericetomake paper,drinks,

snacks, make-up and toothpaste.

Rice figures

y People have been growing and eatingrice

for morethan 5,000years

y In2003,the world produced 589 million

tonsof rice.

2,000litresofwater

y Nobody knows exactly how manyvarieties

ofriceplants there are, but the figure is

about40,000.

World famous rice dishes

Somepopular rice dishesfromaround the

world includeChinesefried rice,Spanish paella,

Italian risotto and Turkish pilav rice.

White rice or brown?

Most people prefer white rice,but brown rice

is betterfor usbecause it contains morefibre,which helpsour bodies digest food.Italso contains moreminerals and Bvitamins.Many

people don't eatenough fibre,so weshould choose brown rice when we can

ÿ What is the writer's mainpurposeinwritingthis text?

A toexplain why peoplelike rice

B 0to presenta variety of factsabout rice

C todescribe howpeopleuse rice in

different ways

D toencouragepeopleto eat brown rice

1 Accordingtothetext,which of these isa'staple'food?

A \~\ meat B fish C bread D Q snacks

2 The'Rice figures'sectionincludesinformationabout

A toothpaste made from rice

B wherepeople growrice

C ricefarming

D the health benefits of rice

3 Someonehasidentifiedtheexact

A year that peoplestartedeatingrice

B numberoftonsofrice that the world

produced in 2003

C numberofriceplantvarieties

D quantity ofwater afarmer needsto

producea kiloofrice

4 Accordingtothetext,whiterice

A J tastes good inChinese friedriceand other

rice dishes from around the world

B helpsour bodiesdigestfood

C contains lotsofminerals andB vitamins

D doesn't containenough fibre fora healthy

diet,comparedtobrown rice

Exam preparation Units1-3 21

Rice painters Micro artistscan paint, draw or carve

adesign on asinglegrain of rice

TheyuseChinese

inkandvety

fine brushes.

Lookatthetextin eachquestion.What does it say? TickÿA, Bor C.

A take what theywant

B helpother people

C waitfor help

Thanks for all the old books that

you have given us Please don't

bring us any more now, because we haven't got anywhereto keep them and we have already hadto give

some to a different school.

Thank you again.

Manor School Library

3 A The library doesn't haveenoughbooks.

B The library hastoomanybooks.

C The library hasfewbooks.

T spoke, -to -the head -ieaaher himseJ-f aJxHct Dave's eyajnrescJ-is,

cJass leather aboici 'rt -tomorrow.

4 A IrisherselfisgoingtospeaktoDave's

class teacher.

B The head teacher spoketohimself

C Irisspoketothe head teacher and nooneelse aboutDave's progress

Hi Bella It's no problem I'llgo to the cinema by myself.

Jenny

2 A ! Too many peoplehaveboughttickets

for theconcert

B Nobodyhasboughta ticket for the

concert

C Somepeople(butnotenough people)

have boughtticketsfortheconcert

5 Jenny

A will gotothe cinema,but shewon't

gowith anybody

B will gotothe cinemawithsomefriends

C _ will gotothe cinemawith Bella.

22 Revision1 Exam preparation

ÿ A the B a C some D little

2 A Somebody B Anybody c Nobody D None

3 A The B A couple c Some D

-4 A themselves B they c them D some

5 A sheeps B sheep c money D mone

6 A person B people c man D men

7 A himself B he c him D his

8 A - B for c to D of

9 A Much B A lot c Few D Many

10 A cites B citys c cities D city

Writing

4 Read thetext.Complete thetext usingthe

words incapitals.Makechangestothe words

ifnecessary

Therearesixteenÿ people cominq

for lunchtomorrowand thereare lotsof1 todo Let's get thetable

ready todaysothatwehaveenough

2 for pvprythingtomorrow.

PERSON

JOB

TIME

James,couldyouputthe3 ,

forks,spoonsand4 onthetable?

KNIFE

GLASS

Wealso needmatsonthe table

because the5 will be hot POTATO

Katp, thrppyoung6 arp

coming.They'llbesittingatthat

endofthe table Couldyou findsome7 and coloured

8 for thpm?

CHILD

PAPER

PENCIL

Finally Vicky,canyougoandfinda

9 ? You canputsome

10 fromthe gardenin it

tómórrów Thanks,everyone

VASE DAISY

You are goingto meetanEnglish friend,Jane,

attheairport on Friday.Youhavenevermether

before.Writeanemail.In your email you should:

tellJanewho will be withyouattheairport

describeyourself

askJanetodescribe herself

Write35-45words.

Read thetext below and choose thecorrect

optionfor eachspace Choose-ifnowordis

needed.Write A,B,Cor D

f The Maasaiareÿ_&_ groupofabout halfa

& millionpeoplewho livein1

-Kenyaand

ÿ NorthernTanzania.They regularlymove

ÿ around fromplacetoplace

\ 2_ knows theexactorigins of theMaasai ÿ

f people.3

- historianssay theycomefrom

fc EgyptorfromNorthAfrica TheMaasai4_

saytheycomefromavalleyinthe north of

Africa

Maasaipeopleownlarge numbersof5

goats andcows.Theyfollow their animals

around,lookingfor grass andwater

Maasaimen areverytall.EveryMaasai6_

wears a redchecked blanket and hasalong

stick which he holdsinfront of7

)j Maasaiwomenconstructhomes for their

ÿ group.Theyalsomilk thecowsand cook, and

h they havetogotothe wellevery dayandbring

backenoughwater8_ their families.

Thesedaysthe traditionalMaasaiways

arechanging.9_ Maasaipeoplelivein

permanenthomesintownsandÿ They

sellthingslikejewelleryordopaidwork

—m

Exam preparation Units1-3 23

Listening Speaking

to a group ofpeopleaboutanArt Day.Complete

theinformationinthe poster

* A12T DAY

Adayfor ÿ families !

Everyone'swelcome,including1

Expert helpfor beginners

Moreexperiencedartistscanworkin

groupsor by2

Materials

Wewillprovide3_ thatyouneed:

paint,4_,paperandcard,clay,

O

specialcoloured inks(New!!)

Price:£5.00per5_

What to bring

An apron or someold clothes

(NB: Even a6_ ofink will leavea

permanentmark.Wehave warnedyou!

A 7_ of bagsor boxes

m

*

OR1.2 Youwill hearaconversation between

CarlaandTobyabouta holiday.Decide if each

sentencebelow iscorrector incorrect Circleyesif

it iscorrector noifit is incorrect

ÿ CarlathinksTobyhaschangedhishair, yes /no

1 Tobycuthis hairhimself, yes/no

2 Toby'smum'sfamily livesinthe centreofParis.

yes / no

3 Tobycan'tremember thenameofthe river

yes / no

4 TobyisflyingtoPariswith hisbrother, yes / no

5 Tobywill know someoneatthe airport, yes /no

6 Carladoesn't knowanyoneFrench, yes/no

7 Toby hasgotenoughmoneytogotothe

hairdresser's, yes /no

8 Carladoesn't think shecando anythingto make

Toby's hair lookbetter, yes/ no

©

8 Work in pairs.Lookatthesephotographs ofpeople doingasport.Taketurns totalk about

what youcan see inyour pictures

Workinpairs.Ask andanswerthesequestions

Howmuchphysicalexercise doyoudoeveryweek?

Doyou prefertodosportsby yourselfor with

other people?

Doyouthinkyougetenoughexercise?

Doyouliveahealthy lifestyle? Why? Why not?What doyoueattoo muchof?

What don'tyoueatenough of?

24 Revision1 Exam preparation

Revision of tenses

I can recognize and use present and pasttenses

Present simple

Weusethepresentsimpletotalk about regular

actions andstatesthatdon'tchange.

Toformthe presentsimple affirmative ofthe

he/she/itform ofregularverbs,we add -stothe

infinitive.

Weusedo and doesin negativeandquestionforms

Formoreinformationonspellingrules,see page 189

Regularactionsinclude habits androutines

Shehas sandwichesforlunch

Hedoesn'tplaycomputergames

Theystartschoolatnineo'clock.

Statesthat don'tchangeincludepersonaland

scientificfacts,andopinions

HecomesfromMexico

Kangaroosdon'teat meat

Hedoesn't likereadingmagazines

'Doyouthink Max is OK?' 'Yes, Ido.'

QI'mlookingattheseold-photos Ifound

them Inthecupboard.

CD Ha,ha! you.lootefunny Inthat photo!

Why wereyou wearingthat hat?

C~~ÿ idon't tenow iwaspretendingtobea

prince,ithlnte.

Wecan usehaveor havegot totalk about possession

Have ismoreformalthan havegot

Ihaven'tgotblueeyes Austriadoesn't haveacoast

Work inpairs Completethesentenceswith

thecorrectform of the verbs in brackets

(come)fromcows

_ (live) inthejungle

_ (rise)in thewest.

8 Thissymbol(&)

* 2 Completethe questionswith do or does.

_youwatchTVafter school?

your bestfriend haveblueeyes?

_youlikefootball?

_your bestfriendknowyourfamily?

_your bedroom have whitewalls?

_youhelpwithjobs around thehouse?

_youandyour familygoonholiday every year?

_your parentsspeak English?

_ youdoyour homework?

Work in pairs Interview yourpartner

usingthequestions in exercise 2 Usethe

presentsimpletogiveextrainformation

f-tas your best friendgot blue eyes?

No,shehasn't,she's gotbrown eyes.

Write aboutyour partner Use the

information fromexercise 3.Then read

yoursentences to other students.

Julia hasn'tgot blue eyes.

she's got brown eyes.

your first name mean?

Unit4 25

Present continuous

Weusethepresentcontinuoustotalk aboutsituations

andeventsthat arehappeningat oraround thetime

ofspeaking.

Toformthe presentcontinuouswe usethepresent

simple form ofbe + the-ing form ofthemainverb.

Formoreinformationonthespelling of -ingforms,

seepage189.

Weusethepresentcontinuouswhen thesituationor

eventisin progressrightnow

He'swearingawhiteshirt

I'mnotusingthecomputer atthemoment

O4.1 Lookatthepictureand listen

Isthe informationcorrect ornot?

Saythecorrect information

Gemma

LindaDave

Mandy

jW

ihesuuv'sslui*m0.

yes,thesuck's _A/V

slduvey'seflÚKvg«ia,apple

No,heIskv't eatlfvg fli/vapple.

He'seatlctgai-v Ice-cream.

Wealsousethepresentcontinuoustotalk about

I'mhavinglunchatDave'shousetomorrow.

Formoreinformationon usesofthe present

continuous,see Unit5

O Playingroups.One personchoosesa

classmate The other students canask

threequestionstoguesswhoit is

OK I'mready.It'sa girl.

issheweaning blackshoes?

%7 Completethesentenceswith thepresent

continuousI'm form ofthe verbin brackets O

studying (study)eight different subjects

InEnqlish1— II Ma I I Iwe_ (revise)present

* * V- - \ IV— V 9 mJ\m j V/ v- -/ V- IIVandpast tenses atthemoment

Inliteraturewe_ (read)short

storiesbya Russianwriter

In music I_ (prepare)a piece

kingsandqueensof Spain

Inart,the teacher _

witha largepainting

(improve)my

_(write)about the

_ (help)me

8 Talk withapartner.Whatsubjectsare

youstudyingthisyear?Whataredoing

ineach subject?Usethese verbs.

write read revise learn study learn about practise improve design

"Tfolsyear I'm,study luxg maths,Bullish,art,

history, geography, lÿformatlot-v techÿvology

auvdscience, iÿvmaths we're Ieflmikvg about

probability.Iia,ei-vgllsh I'm

26 Revision oftenses

Past simple ni

Weusethepastsimpletotalk aboutpast events,

states,situationsand habits inafinishedtime period

Mygrandfather travelledaroundSouthAmerica

in 1972

Peopledidn't drivecars200years ago

The box containedsome money

Weusethepastsimplewhen wetalk abouta

sequenceofpastactions

Ihadbreakfast,cleanedmyteeth andleftthe house.

Toformthe pastsimple of regularverbswe add -ed

totheinfinitive form

Jameswalked here.

Weplannedtheholidaylastyear

Shestudied French

Weform questionsandnegativeswith didanddidn't.

'DidyouseeAmy?' 'No,wedidn't.'

7didn'tmeetPaul.'

Manyverbs in thepastsimple areirregular

go->went, eat-»ate,see saw

Formoreinformationonthespelling ofpastsimple

regularverbs, see page 189

We oftenusepasttimeexpressions with thepast

simple

yesterday, three daysago,last week/month/year,

in2006

Formoreinformationonpasttenses,see Unit6.

Completethetextwith thepastsimple form of

the verbsin brackets O

ooo AMAZING WORLD RECORDS

SPORT:In1999,a manfromtheUSAÿ rode

(ride) backwardson a unicyclefor109 km.

FILM: In2006,an Indian boy1_ (direct)

afull-length film.He2_ (be) just nine

years old.

SPORT:In2010,aDanish man3_ (swim) under icefor72m He4_ (not use)anyspecial equipment.

TRAVEL: In June2005,a71-year-oldmanfromJapan5_ (become) the oldest personto

sail around the world non-stop His trip

6_ (take) 233 days.

*12

£14

*

*9 ©4.2 What did Linda doatthe weekend? What

didn't shedo?Listenand tickÿandcrossx the

B.uy a presentfor Cathy

Buy-postcard forschool-project

Cytt üvüsfrom, library

Flfush my boofe

Relax!

O

Prepare questionsabout other world

records StudentA turn topage180.

StudentBturn topage 183

Work inpairs.Taketurns toask andanswer your questions

Work inpairs Guesswhatyour partner

didordidn't doatdifferenttimes

Wintwopointsfor eachcorrectguess

Usethe wordsin the box.

have use see watch do buy eat make

ride run sing paint climbyesterday atthe weekend last week

lastyear in2011 2009 in2007

you didn'tgoswlmmluvgInstweete

"That'strue, twopoints for you.My

turi-v.Ybuuseda com.-pw.ter yesterday.

That's fw>ttrue 1didn'tuse acomputer yesterday. Nopolt-vts for you!

no Writesentencesabout Linda's weekend.

Checkyour answerswitha partner

Li.iA.da didherhomework,she didn'tphocve

TatA-ya

Unit4 27

Past continuous

Weusethepastcontinuoustotalk aboutpast

situationsandactivitiesthat continuedforsometime

To form thepastcontinuouswe use thepastsimple

form ofbe + the-ingform ofthemainverb.

'Was Tomwearingahat?' 'Yes,he was.'

We weren'ttalkingaboutyou.Weweretalkingabout

the film.

Formoreinformationonthespelling of-ingforms,

see page 189

Weuse thepast continuoustotalk aboutactivities

thatwere inprogressaroundaparticularpointof

timeinthepast

Theywere sittingherefiveminutes ago

Shewasn't feelingwellatthestartofthe lesson.

Whatwereyoudoingathalfpast sixlastnight?

We also use thepastcontinuoustotalk aboutactivities

that were inprogresswhenanother actionorevent

happened.We usuallyuse thepastcontinuousforthe

activity in progressand thepastsimple forthe shorter

Ibroke theglass when/whileIwaswashingup.

Iwas washingupwhenIbroke theglass

Formoreinformationonpast tenses,see Unit 6

*15 Completethesentenceswith thepastcontinuous

formofthe verb in brackets.

1 I_ (think)aboutyouyesterday.

2 We_ (sit)atthe backofthe

7 What _ (happen)at teno'clock?

8 When I arrived,Molly_ (leave).

*16 Circlethecorrect option

ÿ Itsnowed/ wassnowing)whenI looked/

was lookingoutofthe window

1 Hefound /wasfindingthemoneywhen he

looked/was looking for his keys.

2 Imet/was meetingRyanwhileIhelped /was

helpinghis brother.

3 Whilewe cleaned/werecleaningthecar I had/

was havingagoodidea.

4 Tanyadropped/ was droppingtheplatewhen

she dried/wasdryingit

5 Ithought /wasthinkingaboutit a lot while I

walked/was walkingtoschool.

6 WhenIread/ was readingthenewspaper Isaw /

wasseeingthis advertisement

*1 Write questions usingthepastsimpleandpast

continuous

ÿ you/talkaboutschool/while you/havedinner

lastnight?

iúo( ijou tal\zaboutschoolwhile youwere

haviw dinnerlast yúaht?

1 you/listentomusic/while you/do/your

homework yesterday?

2 it/rain/when you/wakeupthis morning?

3 you/listentotheradio/while you/havebreakfast

today?

4 you/see/anything interesting/when you/travelto

school thismorning?

5 what/your friends/do/whenyou/arrive/atschooltoday?

O

Work inpairs.Ask andanswer thequestions in exercise 17

V>id youtalk about schoolwhile you

werehavivugdivÿvÿerlastv¿iq¡ht?

No, Ididn't. Ihaddiiÿÿerwith sister becauseyÿy dad waswor\zivu$.

wetal\zedabouta tvprogramme.

28 Revision oftenses

119 Circlethecorrect optionstocompletethefirst

partofthe article

15-year-oldHenry Pulman comes / is coming/

was comingfrom a smallseaside village He

Moves/isloving/ lovedthe water andhe

regularly2swims/was swimming/swumin the

seawith his friends

One day, Henry and his friends3played / play/

were playing on thebeachwhenthey "heard/

are hearing/were hearing shouts from someone.

'15see/saw/was seeinga boy inthe sea and he

6calls/ was calling/called for help/ saidHenry

'Hesoundedvery scared.'

Henry7wore/was wearing/is wearing swimming

shorts He8'sgoing /wasgoing/wentstraight

intothewater while hisfriends9called/were

calling/callthe emergencyservices

Work in threes.StudentA (aTVreporter)

isgoingto interview StudentB(Henry)andStudentC(Jamie).StudentA goto

page181.StudentBgotopage183.

Student Cgoto page185.

Imagineyouare Jamie Writethestory

fromexercise19and addextra

information.Use these ideas

Whatwasthe weather like?

Why did youdecidetogo swimming?

What did theman inthe boatsay?

Howdidyoufeelwhenyouwere backon

thebeach?

Whatdidyoudo whenyouwent home?

Ovÿtrfnu) Idecidedtogoswimmii-vg li-v the sea.ihesu.iA/wasshl aiÿd

*2C Completethe secondpartofthe article with the

presentsimple,presentcontinuous,pastsimple

or past continuous form of the verbs in brackets

The boy in thewater was 12-year-old Jamie Jones

'At first Iÿ was eÿjoyiw (enjoy)the rough sea,'

Jamie1_ (say)later Then thewater

2_ (start)to pullmeand I got

frightened, so 1 3_ (shout) for help

'Suddenly 14_ (see)Henryin the

water near me I wasvery happytosee him

'Thesea here is very rough and dangerous,' he

explainedto me

'I can't helpyouswim backto the beach, but a

man5_ (come)here in a boat He'll

takeusto thebeach.' Whilewe6_

(wait)for the boat Henry7

-(chat)

to me and8_ (keep)me calm.' 19

_ (believe) he saved my life.'

Theexperience has hada bigeffectonHenry

'A few weeks ago, I 10_ (not/ know)

what job I'd liketo do.Now, 1 11_

(want)to train as a life-guard.112_

(meet)a life-guardatthe localswimmingpoolnext

week and she's going totalk to me about the job.'

16

17 18 19 20 21 22

Unit4 29

The present

I can use the present simple and the present continuoustotalk about present and

future time.

Present simple or present continuous?

The Leavesare turvuiÿg oravÿe

ÍÍU tUV\A,l*,\

itefvow

outelli.kv0

Becausethey loo\zbeautiful

oh,yes Isuppose you're right

Weoftenuseadverbsoffrequency and othertime

expressions when we use thepresentsimpletotalk

about habits androutines:always, usually,often,

sometimes,rarely, hardlyever, never;everyhourI dayI

week/month/year; once/twice/threetimesanhour¡dayI

week/month/year

Weputadverbsoffrequency beforethemainverb

orafterbe.

He'salwayslate.

Weputother timeexpressionsattheendofthe

sentence.

Heneverwastesmoney

SuzycomeshereonWednesday afternoons

Wealso use thepresentsimpletotalk about

timetabledfutureevents

Thenextbus leavesat6 15 p.m

Weusethepresentcontinuoustotalk aboutevents

thataretruefor ashortperiod oftime.This includes:

actions inprogressatthe timeofspeaking

eisnrwearinga rialtemporary situations

She's helpingHenryalot this week.

We aren'tlearningFrench thisyear

changingsituationsThe lessonsaregettingmoredifficult

The leavesare turning orange

Thereare someexpressionsthatmean 'now'or'about now'thatweoftenusewith thepresentcontinuous:

thesedays,thisweek,atthemoment,nowadays

These expressions cangoat thebeginningor the end

ofthe sentence

He'slivingin Spainnowadays

Atthemomentthecomputerisn'tworking

Wecan usethe adverb stillbeforethe mainverb with bothtenses toemphasizethat a situationhasn'tchangedor continueslongerthanexpected

Theystillplaytennisevery day

Whyareyoustillsittingthere?

Wealsousethe presentcontinuoustotalk aboutfuture plansandarrangements Inthesesentences

we use afuturetimeexpression

I'm meetingAlisononFridayafternoon

'Are youcomingonThursday?' 'Yes,Iam.'

Weusethepresentsimpletotalk abouteventsthatare

repeatedortruefora longperiod oftime.This includes:

habits and routines

WeliveonBaker Road.

opinions,beliefsandstates

He lovestalkingaboutfilms

Thisproductcontainsnuts

30 The present

O5.1 Listen and choose the bestoptionto

completethe sentences

b £

The showfinishesat halfpast

a seven b eight c nine

He isn't wearingglasses

a today b this week c atthemoment

TimandGeorgemeet

a everyday b onMondays c twice a week

Fish_ closetheir eyes.

a never b hardlyever c rarely

Claire'splayingtennis

a atthemoment b thisevening

c every daythis week

O

O5.1 Circle thecorrectoptions.Then

listenagainand check Thenactthe

conversationswitha partner

A Hello,HanfordTheatre CanIhelp you?

B Yes, I come/'m comingtothe show Upand

Upthisevening/Whattimedoesitfinish/is it

finishing?

A At halfpasteight

Conversation1

A Where areyour glasses?

B What doyoumean?

A You usually 'wear/ are wearingglasses

B Yes,butIdon't alwayswear glasses.12wear/

'mwearingthemfor reading,that'sall.

A Butyou3read/'rereadinga magazine now!

B I"onlylook/'monly lookingatthepicturesat

themoment.

Conversation2

A What 5doyou do /are youdoingthisafternoon,

Tim?

B 16meet/'m meetingmy friendGeorge.We

7play/'replayingchessevery Monday

A Really?1 8stilldon't understand/'m stillnot

understandingthe rules of chess!

Conversation3

A Here's an interesting fact foryou.A fish never

9closes/'sclosingitseyes

B Really?

A No It 10has/'shavinga clear coveringover its

eyes.It"doesn't have / isn'thaving eyelidslike

other animals.

B Amazing!

Conversation4

A Have you gotanyplans for thisevening,Claire?

B Yes,1 12play/'mplayingtenniswith afriend

A Howoften13doyou play / are you playing?

B Once or twice aweek.

1 3 Match theuses (a-f)tothe sentences(1-6)

ÿ Ilove thismusic! _e_

1 Ournewhousehasareddoor _

2 Mandy's takingsome photos ofthenewhouse.

Leo'scomingtosee usnextweek. _

Leo's train arrivesat5.30inthemorning _

I go swimmingonMondaysandThursdays _

This weekI'mgoingswimming onTuesday,Thursday andFriday _

7 Yourhair'sgettinglonger! _

8 People'shair growsatnight _

Completethesentenceswith thepresentsimple

orpresentcontinuousform ofthe verb in O

brackets

ÿ I visit (visit)the dentisttwicea year

1 She (like)cold weather.

2 Whattime ithp hank/onpnP

3 Weusually have hot meals but this weekwe

(have)sandwiches.

4 Giraffps fclppn) for thrppor

fourhoursaday.

5 What (you/do)thisafternoon?

6 It (hardlyever/rain)here.

7 My sister (nof/havp not)hlark

hair

8 Molly/ (get)hungry I'll make her

asnack.

Unit5 31

;Í5 Work in groups Howmanyways can youfinishthesesentences?

I'mwearingtheseboots because

Idon'twanta pizzabecause

Hespeaks Spanishbecause

I'mnotgoingoutthiseveningbecause

Fruit isgood for you becauseit

Iwant tobuythat T-shirt but

I'm,wearily these boots because It'syrivCi

I'm,Qoiiÿ fora walteii*>thecouia,try.

State verbs and action verbs

Stateverbsare agroup ofverbs whichgive

informationabout mentalor emotionalstates

oraboutfixedphysicalproperties.We rarelyuse

themin a continuousform

Iagree

'Nightmare'means'bad dream'

Stateverbs include:

opinionsand desires

love,haté, iiké,want, need,believe,prefer,agree

Tobywants togonow

Idon't needany help

impressionsandsensations

seem,appear,feel,see, hear,smell, sound,taste

That doesn'tseemright.

Do youhearabellringing?

mental processes

know, remember, understand,forget,realize, suppose,think

Doyourealize whatdayit istoday?

Ahyes,Iremembernow

values,propertiesand characteristics

contain,own,belong,cost,has/hasgot,mean,equal,depend(on),exist,weigh,measure,comefrom,matter

Fiveplus five equalsten.

Howmuch does thatring cost?

Actionverbs describeeventsand processeswhich happenandchange.Wecan usethemin asimpleor continuous

1think she's here - mentalprocess

Whatare youthinking about?

appear = impression

It appearstobecorrect

=public performance

JessisappearingonTVtonight

taste/smell/ look = sensation

That smellsgood

=physicalprocessShe'ssmellingtheflowers

see = vision and understanding

1seeland. Isee!

= meetingI'm seeingthe doctortomorrow

say -writtentext

What does thatsign say?

=spokentext

What's thatman saying?

32 The present

6 O5.2 Listen and tickÿthecorrectanswer.

Completetheanswer intheconversations with

thecorrectform ofthestateverbs in the box.

matter remember know agree hate

understand dependon look believe

ÿ 'Doeshe likebasketball?'

'No,he hates_ it!'

1 'Doyoulikeice-cream?'

'It_ theflavour.'

2 'Whyisn't hesaying anything?'

'He_ you.'

3 'What's thecapitalcityofNewZealand?'

'I '

4 'We should dosomethingaboutit.'

'I Let'stellateacher.'

5 'I'mreallysorry Your bookgotwet inthe rain.'

'It '

6 'What doyouthinkof mynewdress?

'You_ verynice.'

7 'Itoldyoulast week!'

'Really?I _ .'

8 'Ididn't tellRosy!ReallyIdidn't!'

'It's OK.I_ you!'

* 8 State (S) oraction(A)?

ÿ They work hard.

1 You seemvery happytoday!

2 They have lunchtogetherevery day

3 I need more time

4 Thisbelongstomybrother.

5 Andy measurespeople's feet

6 Ted collectsstamps

7 Mollyowns that book

8 Thissuitcase weighs 18kg

9 Idon't believeyou

10 They weighall thebagsattheairport

Circlethecorrectoption

2 Ithink/'mthinkingaboutlearningtheguitar

3 Look,thatnoticesays/'ssaying'Please bequiet.'

4 They're/'rebeing very noisy!Wedon't usually hear them.

5 Hehas/ 'shavinglunchatthemoment

6 I'mreally sorry,but Idon't understand /'mnotunderstanding

7 Ithinkweshouldgivehimsome money

Doyou agree /Areyouagreeing?

8 Á squarehas /'shaving four sides.

O

*10 O5.3 Completethe conversationwith the

correct form ofthe verbinbrackets.Then listen and check.

A Whatÿ are you cáoím (you/do)?

B '11_ (watch)thatman overthere.

A Ohyes!What2_ (he/do)?

B Wait a minute He9.

thisway He10 _

(contain)treasure!

Unit5 33

11 m | Work in pairs.Chooseone person inthescenebelow but don't tell other pairswho it is.

Chooseseven or moreofthesequestionsand makenotes.Use your imagination!

What's his/hername? _

Where does he/shelive? _

What does he/she doeveryday? _

Whereishe/shegoing now? _

How ishe/shefeeling? _

What ishe/shethinking about? _

What doeshe/she smell,seeand hearinthestreet? _

What's happeninginhis/her lifeatthe moment? _

What doeshe/shewant? _

What does he/sheneed? _

What does he/she looklike? _

What's he/she wearing? _

*12 Write aboutyour chosenpersonfrom

exercise 11 Self-evaluation Rateyour progress

Her "E-etty..shewortes iv>*a officeallday

*13

u u u

is it this she's

wearivug a blue

scarf-No,itLsyv/t her Thatwovu-aiA,Loofes ha-ppy,

butBetty is feeUfvgsad."TYy agaiia,!

34 The present

The past

I can talk about pasteventsusing the past simple and continuous,

the past perfect,the present perfect simple and continuous and used to.

Present perfect, past simple, past continuous, past perfect

linnwhere haveyoubeen? I've been, j

looteiwz for you everywhere!

|| ÿ ( went to thecluem-awith "BÍilij 1

oh.wasIta goodfilm.? I

ÿ Idovsft teuvow.Billy hadalready seevk,

ÿ

it,so we Left after five nÿlÿwtes! J

Whenwe talk about thepastwe usuallyuse more

thanonetense

Present perfect

Wecan usethepresentperfectsimple(have/has+

pastparticiple)togivegeneral informationabout

recent eventsortotalk aboutpasteventswhen the

time isnotspecified

Haveyou heard?Ted's broken his leg!

Weuseothertenses togivethe detailsofapast event

Tedbroke hislegwhen hewasskiing.Hehadonlyhad

twoskiinglessons

Formoreinformationonthepastsimpleand the past

continuous,see Unit 4

Weusethepresentperfectsimpletoshow that a past

eventhasa connectiontothepresent

Vicky'swon!Fantastic!(=I'mhappynow.)

She'sworked heresince 2011 (=Sheworks herenow.)

Time expressions

Weusethepresentperfectsimplewith adverbs and

time expressionslikejust, already,yet,today,still,

this week and thisyear totalk abouteventsthat

happenedatsomepointin a period oftimeupto now

I'vetaken about50photos today

Westill haven'tphonedAngie

We use ever and nevertotalk abouteventsandexperiencesatanytime inthepastwhenwedon'tspecifythetime

Haveyouever swum ina river?

Harry'snever ridden a bike

We alsousethepresent perfectsimplewithsince

andforwhenwe talk aboutsituationsthat startedat

a pointoftime inthepastand stillcontinue Weusesince with apointin time and for with aperiod oftime.Anna'shadacomputersince 2002

They'velivedtherefor fiveyears

Past perfect

We usethepastperfecttoshow that onepast event

happenedbeforeanother pastevent.

We canonlyuse when with thepastperfecttosaythatonething finished beforeanother.

When he'dfinishedhis work,hehadlunch.

Whenoneshort action follows another, we can use thepastsimpleforboth.

Whenshearrived,themeeting began

We canalsousejust, already,yet,never,still, for and since with thepastperfect

Ihadjuststartedmyhomework when thephone rang

Unit6 35

1 O6.1 Listentothe conversations and number thepictures.

* 2 expressionWritepresentin theperfectsentences.Addthetime

correctplace

ÿ She/tell/me (just)

.she'sjust toldvi.e._

1 therain/stop?(yet)

> nuu ii

O

2 Edward/not clean/hisshoes,(still)

3 you/make/acake? (ever)

4 They/not leave/thepark, (yet)

5 Bella/break/herarm.(three times)

6 l/remember/theanswer!(just)

7 W§,'talk/about it.(n§vei)

8 He/live/in that house,(for 20years)

3 Circlethecorrect options

ÿ Theywent/'ve beentoSpainlastyear

1 Ididn'teat/ haven'teatenanything yesterday

2 Ibought / 'veboughtthisdictionaryalong

timeago

3 Look,someonepainted / 's paintedthe door.

It'sbluenow

4 My grandparentsgotmarried / havegot

marriedin 1969

5 Ohno!Lily fellover / 'sfallenover

6 Didyouever go/Have you everbeento an

ice-skatingpartywhenyouwere a child?

7 I'vegot twosnakes Fortunately, they neverbit/

'venever bittenme!

8 Did youeverdrink / Have youever drunk

green tea?It'svery nice

%

@r

W Writefivepresentperfectsentencesabout f/ yourself.Usethe ideas in the box andtoday,

just and lots of times Writesometrue

sentencesandsomefalse sentences

see arainbow eatrabbit use acomputer

makea mistake inEnglish goiceskating

see aspider goon a bus fall offmybike

asksomeone a question cookameal fly akite

I'vebeekv loe sleatlitgLotsoftlm.es.

IVe iÿevercoo\zeda m.eal

* 5 Work in groups Read yourexercise4 toyour group.The other studentssentencesfrom

canaskonepastsimplequestion Canthey

spotthe false sentences?

I'vejust seeÿvarainbow. wheredid yousee It?

overthere,bythosetrees

No,it'sKvottrue

"Tfo fit's i-vot trne!

1 6 Match theanswers (a-h) tothequestions(1-8).

Why didyouleave thecinema? d

Why didn'tyouwantany lunch? _Whywasyourhair wet? _

Why didn'tyou recognizeLouise? _

Why didn'tyoulaughat myjoke? _

5

6 Why didn'tyoushow himyour painting? _

7 Why didn'tyouphoneher? _

8 Why didyou findit sodifficult? _

a Because I'd hearditbefore

b BecauseI'dalreadyspokentoher

c Because I'd never done it before

d BecauseI'dseenthe filmbefore

e Because she'dchangedherhairstyle

f Because I'djust eatenabigpiece ofchocolatecake

g BecauseI hadn'tfinishedit

h BecauseI'djust beenswimming

36 The past

¡i- / Completethesentenceswith thepastperfect

form ofthe verbinbrackets.

ÿ 'Didyoucatchthe bus OK?'

'No, it hadjust Left (just/leave) whenwegotto

the busstop.'

1 'Was RonnyOKyesterday?'

'No,hewasn't Jason_ (give)him

some badnews'

2 'How longhadyoubeenatthestationwhen

Igotthere?'

'I_ (just/arrive)'

3 'Ihadto call thepolice yesterday.'

'Why?What_ (happen)?'

4 'It was nicetospeaktoCarrieonSunday.'

'Yes,I_ (not/meet)herbefore.'

5 'Didyouknow about their news?'

'No,Ididn't.They_ (keep) it a

secretfromme!'

6 'Did herecognizethering?'

No,he didn't.He_ (never/see)

it before.'

8 Workingroups.Lookatthequestionsin

O exercise 6 How manypastperfectcan youthinkanswersof?Youwith the have

fiveminutes

wlaw did wow.aiay Leave thecinenÿa?

because i rem¿ku,bendihad

Circlethecorrect answer tocompletethe

Yes 1 2've had / was havingadrinkin a café

and theTVwas on.Suddenly 1 3'veseen/

saw George on a quizshow!

Wow!14've/ 'dnever beenon TV

No,meneither 5Was hetelling/Had he

toldyou aboutbeingon TV?

No 16didn't know/haven't knownanythingaboutit

It'sstrange

And7didheanswer/has he answered all

the questions?

Idon't know.18hadn't seen/didn'tseethe

end of the programme!I hadtogoandget

On30thJune 1908,there1_ (be) a

big explosion in Russia It2_ (happen)

at about 7.1 5inthemorning,when many people

about80milliontrees.It8_

the windows ofmany houses,too

It was a verymysteriousevent.Formany yearsaftertheexplosion,scientists9_

(not/understand)what10_ (happen)that day.

Now,scientists believe that alargemeteoroid

11_ (explode)atabout 7km above

the Earth.

*1 1 O6.2 Listento Oscartalkingabout hisexperience Imagineyouare Oscarandanswerthe questions.

ÿ What kindofexperiencehaveyou had?

I'vebeeÿv totíos-pitaLina different country.

1 When and where didit happen?

2 Whowaswithyou?

Q

3 Whathappened?

4 Howdidyoufeel?

5 Hasithappened againsince then?

Makenotesaboutan experience youhave had.Answer thequestionsinexercise11 Thenworkingroups

Taketurns totellyour stories

I'veseenmonkeys inthewild.itwaslastsumku¿rwheniwastravelling with

family insouthAmerica.Aguide

took, usintotherainforestandwe

Unit6 37

Present perfect continuous

f~~) Haveyou been readh-vg allturning?

O yes, ihave

Wow! H-owkKflkvy booteshaveyouread?

CÜ onlyone I've

beenreading this

onefortwo hours

Weusethepresentperfectcontinuous(subject+

has/have +been+ verb +-ing)whenwetalk aboutan

activitythat startedinthe pastandisstillhappening

now Weuseittofocusontheactivityand howlong

it'slasted.

You've beenwatchingTV since sixo'clockthismorning!

Weusethepresentperfectsimplewhen wefocuson

thecompletionor resultofactions

I've watched six different TVprogrammesandI've learnt

We don'tuse thepresent perfectcontinuous whenwe

talk aboutquantity

He'sbeentryingtried six times.

Wedon't use thepresent perfectcontinuouswith

state verbs

It's beenexistingexistedfor200years

Weoftenuserecentlyand latelywith thepresent

perfectcontinuous

He'sbeenfeelingillrecently

We can'tuse ever, never,already,yetorstill with the

presentperfectcontinuous

15 Write questionswith thepresent perfectcontinuous.

ÿ you/watch/a lotoftelevisionlately?

Haveyou beenwatching a lotoftelevision

1 you/sleep/well recently?

2 Whatsports/you/do/lately?

3 you/prepare for atestorexam/recently?

4 Whatcolourpen/you/use/inthis lesson?

*14 Circlethecorrect options

ÿ Hasthe letter arrived/beenarriving?

1 Kate'stried/'sbeentryingtolearn theguitar

for sixmonths

2 He'sbroken/ beenbreakinghis leg.

3 I'mtired becauseI'vewalked/'vebeenwalking

sinceeighto'clock this morning

4 Howmanyapples have youeaten/ have you

beeneating?

5 I'veknown/'vebeenknowing Jenny for

manyyears

6 You'vesung/'vebeensingingthat songallday!

O 5 yourbestfriend/learna newsportor activity/

Used to and be! get used to

Weuseusedto+ theinfinitivetotalk aboutthings

thatweretrueinthe past, orhappenedregularlyin

thepastbut whicharen'ttruenow,ordon't

happennow

Theformis thesamefor all persons,singularand

plural

Iusedtoplaythepiono everydoy

He usedto writefunnystories

Weusedid +useto(NOTusedto) inquestionsand

negatives

Didyouuse tohavelong hair?

Theydidn'tusetolikefootball

Weuse be usedto+verb+ingtotalk about regular

actionsand habits whichfeel normalfor us Beusedto+ verb +ingmeans'This habitisn'ta problem forme.'I'musedtogettingupatfiveo'clockeveryday.

Wecanalsouse get usedtototalk aboutthings that

arebecomingmore normalfor us

I'm gettingusedtohaving breakfastearly.

Wecan also use be usedtoandgetusedto totalk

about the pastand thefuture

Iwasn'tusedtolivingin abigcity

You'llgetusedtowearingauniform

;::17 O6.4 Lookatthepictureandcompletethesentenceswith usedto or didn'tuse toand thecorrectform

ofthe verbinbrackets.Then listen and check.

Hedidn'tusetolike sport.

18 ©Oe.4 Listenagain.Howdowe pronounce

usedto?Tickÿ a orb.

a /'ju:st tu:/ ÿ b /'juists/ ÿ

n9 Circlethecorrectanswers

ÿ He didn't use/usedtolikesport

1 Ididn't useto have/ having any breakfast

2 She'snotusedtowork/working inpublic

3 Theywasn't/didn't usetohavea car

4 I'llgetusedtospeak / speaking English

5 Did/Wereyouusetoplayinthestreetwhen

youwere achild?

O O

£20 ©O6.5 Listen and check, then listen andrepeat

at bigtables.Atyourschoolyousitwith

your friends,butfor us it was onetable

foronechild.Ourclassroomwas very

I'mEmily Banning.I'm 79yearsold.

I ÿ usedtoo\o (go)toabigschool

inthetown centre.Icanremember

itclearly.It was verydifferenttoyour

schooltoday.Weÿ didn't useto have

(have) a school uniformbut

weallworesmartclothes All the boys

1_ (wear)

12 Completethe secondsentenceso that it means

thesame as the first Use usedtoand beor get

usedtoand thecorrectform ofa verbfromthe

box.Writeoneword in eachgap

like live sinq eat qo write be swim

ÿ Shelivedin aflat butnowshe livesin ahouse.

She used to live in a flat

ÿ He swimsevery daynow It doesn'tfeelnormal

for him.

He Isn't used to swim,

every day

1 Thiscaféwascheapbutnow it's expensive

Thiscafé _cheap

2 Theyatewithaknifeandforkanditdidn'tfeel

normal for them

knifeandfork

3 Igotoschoolbybusnow and it's feelingmore

6 Youdon't likewritingwitha blackpenbutitwill

seemnormalsoon

You

with a blackpen.

W Youare goingtointerviewanadult about

/ hisorherschooldays.Preparequestions

with usedtoand the pastsimple.Usethe

ideas below.

nameofschool uniform sports teachers

numberof pupilsinclass breaktime games

classroom

where didyou qotoschool?

V>ld youusetowear a uniform.?

I'dliteetoas\zyousome questions

about your schooldays. Wheredid

yougotoschool?

i>id youusetowear a uniform?

Writea short reportaboutyour interview

in exercise 24 Usethepastsimple,the

pastcontinuous,thepast perfectand usedto

Mygrandfatherwent to Lichfield

school Heusedtowear a uniform.

Theuniform,was grey trousers,a

white shirt a\ÿda redjacket.

5elf §valuation Rate your progress.

40 The past