Tổng quan về kinh tế Economics

Economics • SOL 3.7 • SOL 3.8 • SOL 3.9 • SOL 3.10 • Exchange • Barter To trade one thing for another The exchange of goods or service without money Example: I want to trade in my green disk for a blue one Example: I’ll give you my cake for your ice cream Three Kinds of Money Cash Checks Credit Cards Needs vs Wants • Needs – what people must have to live Food Clothing Shelter • Wants – the things we would like to have, but can live without Economic Choice You make an economic choice when you only have money for certain items, not all Example: I not have enough money for both popcorn and a pretzel I must choose, so I buy the popcorn That is my economic choice YUM! Opportunity Cost Opportunity cost what you must give up when you make an economic choice Example: I chose the popcorn, so I have to give up the pretzel That is my opportunity cost Supply and Demand • Supply is the amount of a good or service available • Demand is what people are willing and able to buy I would like to buy one candy cane, please Scarcity - Sometimes there is not enough of something to go around That item is scarce The Ice Cream Singers Oh no! Ice cream is scarce! “I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream! La, la, la, la, la!” What can I with my money? • Spend it • Save it • Invest it to use to moneys, like in stocks bonds Give people money make more and Goods and Services • Goods • Services Three types of resources work together in our economy Human Resources Natural Resources Capital Resources Natural Resources are things we get from nature Oil Water Coal Trees Human resources are jobs done by humans at work Capital resources are the machines, tools and buildings needed to a job Producers Producers make goods or provide services Consumers Consumers use or buy goods and services Economic Specialization Individuals or groups who concentrate on one type of good or service Apple farmer Carpenter Interdependence People need each other for goods and services The Ancient Greeks traded their goods across the Mediterranean Sea