Những động từ và cụm từ được theo sau bởi V-ing:enjoy finish practise mind keep suggest go avoid prefer miss …… be busy feel like look forward to can’t help be used to be accusto
Trang 1A PHẦN TRẮC NGHIỆM
/Iz/: s, x, z, ch, ge, ce, sh (sông xưa zờ chạnh gé xem sao)
-s/es: /s/: p, t, k, ph = f (gh /f/: laugh, cough…) (phan thị kiều phương)
- ch [k]: chemist, architect, mechanic, chorus, scholarship, chaos, choir, ache …
- ch [∫]: machine, champagne, chef, Chicago, mustache, parachute …
- silent “h”: honor, honest, hour, heir …
- tion [∫n]: nation, education …
- stion [t∫ən]: question, suggestion …
- o, oo [ʌ]: other, brother, mother, another, blood, flood …
- s [s]: so, say …
- s [∫]: sugar, sure …
- sh [∫]: show, wash …
- ea [i:]: meat, seat …
- ea [ei]: great, steak, break …
- nk [ηk]k]: thanks
SILENT CONSONANTS
1 B : thường câm sau M: climb, dumb
thường câm trước T: doubt, debt
2 D : Câm trong những từ sau: handsome, wednesday, handkerchief
3 GH : thường câm sau I: sight, high, light
4 K : thường câm trước N: knife / naif/ , knee / ni/
Đề thi 2015:
Question 2: A supported B approached C noticed D finished
Exercise
NHỮNG LƯU Ý TRONG ÔN TẬP THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT MÔN TIẾNG ANH
Trang 21 A called B passed C talked D washed
6 A leaves B washes C boxes D watches
8 A chemist B champagne C scholarship D mechanic
10 A chorus B Christian C cholesterol D check
16 A question B action C education D nation
II STRESS
Two-Syllable Words
1 Đa số các động từ 2 âm tiết , trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2
for'get , re'lax Ngoại lệ : 'enter , 'happen , 'open , 'listen
2 Đa số danh từ và tính từ 2 âm tiết trọng âm rơi vào âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất :
'butcher , 'standard , 'porter ( trừ mis'take , ma'chine )
3 Hầu hết danh từ ghép trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1
'raincoat , 'airport , 'tea-cup
4 Các trạng từ + động từ ghép: trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2
adv : up'stairs
verb : ill'-treat
5 Đa số tính từ, giới từ, và trạng từ có âm tiết thứ 1 là “A” thì trọng âm rơi
vào âm tiết thứ 2
a'gain, a'live, a'fraid, a'sleep, a'bove, a'lone, a'part,
Three-Syllable Words Or More Than Three-Syllable Ones
Quy tắc chung: Những từ có 3 âm trở lên, dấu nhấn rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 đếm từ sau tới:
'architect, 'scholarship, in'dustrial
1 Những từ tận cùng bằng các đuôi sau có trọng âm chính rơi vào âm tiết ngay trước âm tiết chứa đuôi đó
-TION: pro'tection, appli'cation
-SION: de'cision, permission trừ 'television
-IC , -ICAL: ar'tistic e'lectric 'musical scien'tific po'litical
Ngoại lệ: a'rithmetic, 'politics
- IAL: arti'ficial, of'ficial, es'sential
2 Những từ có đuôi là ATE và ARY thì tròng âm chính rơi vào âm tiết thứ cách nó 2 âm
- ATE: con'siderate, com'municate, 'illustrate, 'fortunate
- ARY: 'January, 'literary, 'necessary, 'dictionary
Trang 3Trừ: docu'mentary , supple'mentary , ele'mentary , ex'traodinary
3 Những từ có đuôi là những từ sau thì trọng âm rơi vào chính nó
-EE : refu'gee, nomi'nee ( trừ com'mittee, 'coffee )
-EER : pio'neer, mountai'neer , engi'neer
-ESE : Vietna’mese , Portu'gese , Chi'nese
-AIRE : million'naire , question'naire
-IQUE : tech'nique, u'nique, an'tique
-ESQUE: pictu'resque
Đề thi 2015:
Question 3: A recipe B candidate C instrument D commitment Question 4: A conceal B contain C conserve D conquer Question 5: A advantageous B oceanic C compulsory D influential
EXERCISE
1 A engineer B corporate C difficult D different
4 A permission B computer C million D perfection
5 A scholarship B negative C develop D purposeful
9 A scientific B ability C experience D material
12 A beautiful B important C delicious D exciting
13 A expensive B sensitive C negative D sociable
14 A natural B department C exception D attentive
15 A successful B interest C arrangement D disaster
17 A academic B education C impossible D optimistic
18 A industry B performance C importance D provision
19 A furniture B abandon C practical D scientist
20 A vocational B employer C minority D reasonable
III GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
1 IF CLAUSES
1.1 Conditional sentence Type 1:
Example: If I have money, I will buy a new bicycle
a Form: If + S + V(S/ES), S + will/shall/may/can + V
b Use: to express real condition at present
1.2 Conditional sentence Type 2:
Example: If I were you, I would save money.
a Form: If + S + V-ed/II, S + would/could/should/might + V
b Use: Unreal condition at present.
1.3 Conditional sentence Type 3:
Trang 4Example: If he had been at the party last night, he would have met her
a Form: If + S + had + pp, S + would/could/might + have + V(p.p)
b Use: Unreal condition in the past.
1.4 Mixed condition:
* Past condition/ Present result
Example: If we hadn’t missed our flight, we’d be in Spain now.
If I had gone with Tito, I would not be so lonely now!
Form: If + S + had + pp, S would/could/might + V
* Present condition/Past result
Ex: If I were more diligent, I would have finished university.
ĐẢO NGỮ TRONG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
- Câu điều kiện loại 1: dùng Should đảo ngữ
Ex: If you should run into Tom, tell him he owes me a letter
→ Should you run into Tom, tell him
- Câu điều kiện loại 2: dùng Were đảo ngữ
Ex: If they were stronger, they could lift the table
→ Were they stronger, they could lift the table
* Trong câu đk loại 2, nếu trong câu có were thì đảo ngữ lên trước, còn không có thì
mượn
"were" và dùng "to v1"
Ex:: If I learnt English, I would read a English book.
→ Were I to learn English, I would read a English book.
- Câu điều kiện loại 3: dùng Had đảo ngữ
Ex: If Mary had studied hard, she would have passed the exam
→ Had Mary studied hard, she would have passed the exam.
NOTES:
- or = otherwise = or else: nếu không thì (sử dụng will/would sau chúng)
Ex: Study hard or you will fail the exam.
We must be early; otherwise we won't get a seat.
- unless = if … not: nếu … không (không sử dụng will/would sau chúng)
Ex: Unless you study hard, you will fail the exam.
- even if: ngay cho dù, dù là (sử dụng như câu điều kiện)
Ex: Even if I become a millionaire, I will still work as a librarian.
- in case: nhỡ mà, phòng khi (sử dụng như câu điều kiện)
Ex: I’ll bring in the washing if it rains (Tôi sẽ mang nó vào nhà lúc trời bắt đầu đổ mưa.) I’ll bring in the washing in case it rains (Tôi sẽ mang nó vô bây giờ vì chút nữa trời có
thể
mưa.)
- if only = wish: giá như, ước chi (sử dụng như câu WISH)
Ex: If only I would be able to attend your birthday party next week.
- providing = provided = as long as: với điềukiện là, miễn là (sử dụng như câu điều kiện) Ex: As long as you leave before 3, you’ll catch the plane.
I’ll go back to work tomorrow provided/providing (that) I’m feeling better.
Đề thi 2015
Question 11: Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they their student cards
A produced B hadn’t produced C didn’t produce D don’t produce
Question 1: If John does not change his working style, he will be sacked soon
Unless ………
EXERCISE
Choose the correct answer:
Trang 51 If I ………a lot of money now, I ………buy a new car.
A have/ will buy B have/ would buy C had/ will buy D had/ would buy
2 If I ………you, I ………do that
A am/ will B were/ will C were/ would D had been/ would
3 If you ………here yesterday, you ………me
A were/ would meet B had been/ would meet
C were/ would have met D had been/ would have met
4 If I was offered the job, I think I ………it
A take B will take C would take D would have taken
5 If I had known you were in hospital, I ………to see you
A will go B would go C went D would have gone
6 If I ………to the party last night, I ………tired now
A had gone/ would be B had gone/ would have been
C went/ would be D went/ would have been
7 It would have been a much more serious accident………fast at the time
A had she been driving B was she driving C she had driven D she drove
8 I didn’t get home until midnight last night Otherwise, I………your call
A returned B had returned C would return D would have returned
9 ……… interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it
A Were I B Should I C I was D If I am
10 I………you sooner had someone told me you were in hospital
A would have visited B visited C had visited D visit
11 I think you should give up smoking
A If I am you, I will stop smoking B If I were you, I will stop smoking
C If I were you, I would stop smoking D If I had been you, I would stop smoking.
12 If I were you, I would work harder
A You would rather not work so hard B You should work harder
C You should work with me D Do not work so hard
13 We did not visit the museum because we had no time
A If we have time, we will visit the museum
B If we had time, we would visit the museum
C If we had had time, we would have visited the museum
D If we had had time, we will visit the museum
14 George won't lend you any money………you promise to pay him back
A providing B unless C provided D as long as
15 The children can stay here ………they don't make too much noise
A whether B providing C unless D until
16 If I ………a camera, I would have taken some pictures
A have B had C would have D had had
17 They helped me a lot I don't know what I………without their help
A have done B had done C would have done D will do
2 TENSES AND VERB FORM
Phân tích khi nào chia thì, khi nào dùng to inf/ V-ing:
- S + V … (ở các thì trừ trường hợp rút gọn)
Ex: I studied English last year.
- S + V + V (to/-ing)
Ex: I began to study English last year.
I enjoy studying English.
2.1 Dùng to inf/ V-ing
S + V + V (to/-ing)
Trang 6- Chỉ cần nhớ các động từ theo sau là V-ing, còn lại dùng to-inf để tránh nhầm lẫn Những động từ và cụm từ được theo sau bởi V-ing:
enjoy finish practise mind keep suggest
go avoid prefer miss ……
be busy feel like look forward to can’t help
be used to be accustomed to
và sau tất cả các giới từ: in, on, at, of, without…
Ex: He is busy working on his project.
I practice listening toEnglish every day.
Are you interested in reading books?
see, hear, watch, smell, notice, observe, listen to…
Ex: I saw him crossing/cross the road
S + V + O + V (to inf.)
(Các động từ còn lại)
Ex: He asked me to study hard.
Lưu ý:
- waste/spend + time + V-ing - Ex: He spent one hour repairing the bike.
- to inf / not + to inf - Ex: He asked me not to do that again.
- V-ing / not + V-ing - Ex: I regret not telling him about that
2.2 Tenses
- Xem lại các trạng từ, cách dùng và công thức của các thì
- Các thì sử dụng trong những câu có các liên từ: when, while, as , after, before, as soon
as, until, because …
when Các thì quá khứ while các thì quá khứ
as after Các thì hiện tại và tương lai before các thì hiện tại (không có dùng
as soon as WILL)
until
- Hành động đang tiếp diễn: chia thì Quá khứ tiếp diễn
- Hành động xãy ra trước: chia thì quá khứ hoàn thành
- Hành động xãy ra sau: chia thì quá khứ đơn
- Không dùng thì tương lai đối với những hành động sẽ xãy ra trong tương lai sau các mệnh chỉ thời gian
Ex: When you called, he picked up his cell phone.
He was watching TV when the phone rang.
He was playing soccer while she was reading the newspaper
My mom was angry as with me soon as she saw my test score
My mom will angry with me as soon as she sees my test score
- It’s time + S + V-ed/ II = It's time for sb to do sth
Trang 7Ex: It’s time children went to school
It’s time for children to go to school.
- S + V-ed/II + S + V (dùng các thì quá khứ)
S + V-ed/II + S + would + V (hành động sẽ xãy ra/ xãy ra sau)
Ex: He said he would leave when he knew the result.
S + V-ed/II + S + V-ed/II (hai hành động xãy ra cùng một lúc)
Ex: He said he lived in Vietnam.
S + V-ed/II + S + had + PP (hành động xãy ra trước)
Ex: He said he had already finished the assignment
Lưu ý:
- Passive with to-inf/gerund: to be + PP/ being + PP
Ex: The children enjoy being taken to the zoo.
The children want to be taken to the zoo.
Choose the correct answer:
1 Would you like ……… to the party?
A to come B come C coming D to have come
2 I don't feel like ……… to the cinema now
A go B going C to go D to have gone
3 Please remember ……… this letter
A to post B post C posting D to have posted
4 Someone must have taken my bag I clearly remember ……… it by the window and now it has gone
A leave B leaving C to leave D to have left
5 It's very kind of you ……… so
A say B to say C saying D to be saying
6 Please show me how ……… this
A do B to do C doing D to have done
7 Please tell me what………
A doing B do C to do D to have done
8 He can't live without ……… her
A being loved B to love C love D Loving
9 I'll go with you when I've finished ……… my homework
A to have done B do C doing D to do
10 I often avoid ……… to parties
A go B to go C gone D going
11 Susan is interested in ……… a bus
A drive B driving C to drive D driven
12 I suggest ……… to the cinema for a change
A go B to go c went d going
13 The police ……… them get out of the car
14 He was made by the custom officer
A to open the suitcase B opening the suitcase
C open the suitcase D opened the suitcase
15 Bill’s wife doesn’t let him ……… to the party
Trang 816 You will never know why Jane refused ……… the job.
17 Why don’t you ……… going camping with his classmate?
18 I am very pleased ……… you again
19 I can’t go with you all I have a lot of homework ……… now
20 Instead of buying a new pair of shoes, I had my old ones ………
A repair B to repair C repairing D repaired
21 ………bread, you usually need flour, salt, and yeast
A Make B To make C Making D Made
22 I would rather ……… to Elvis than The Beatles
A listen B to listen C listening D be listened
23 She doesn’t allow ……… in her room
24 We just didn’t allow them ……… the military zone
A entering B to enter C enter D entered
25 When I last saw him, he ……… in London
A has lived B is living C was living D has been living
26 We ………Dorothy since last Saturday
A don’t see B haven’t seen C didn’t see D hadn’t seen
27 My sister ……… for you since yesterday
A is looking B was looking C has been looking D looked
28 He fell down when he ……… towards the church
29 By Christmas, I ……… for Mr Smith for six years
A shall have been working B shall work C have been working D shall be working
30 I ……… to New York three times this year
A have been B was C were D had been
31 I’ll come and see you before I ……… for the States
A leave B will leave C have left D shall leave
32 The little girl asked what ……… to her friend
A has happened B happened C had happened D would have been
happened
33 He said he ……… return later
34 Almost everyone ……… for home by the time we arrived
35 By the age of 25, he ……… two famous novels
A wrote B writes C has written D had written
36 While her husband was in the army, Mary to him twice a week
A was reading B wrote C was written D had written
37 Since………, I have heard nothing from him
A he had left B he left C he has left D he was left
38 After I ……… lunch, I looked for my bag
A had B had had C have has D have had
39 By the end of next year, George ………English for two years
A will have learned B will learn C has learned D would learn
40 The man got out of the car, ………round to the back and opened the book
41 He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ……… dinner
Trang 9A finish B has finished C will finish D finishing
42 Ask her to come and see me when she ……… her work
A finish B has finished C finished D finishing
43 Tom and Mary ……… for Vietnam tomorrow
A leave B are leaving C leaving D are left
44 Last week, my professor promised that he ……… today
A would come B will come C comes D coming
Choose the underlined part in each sentence (A, B,C, or D ) that needs correcting
1 Mr Pike likes travelling By the time he will be 60, he will have visited 15 countries
2 Mr Pike stopped his car, got out and looking around
3 Peter wished they have not been punished by the teacher yesterday
4 Why are you so late? I am waiting here for more than one hour
5 Why didn’t Peter go to school? What did happened to him?
6 I was listening to the radio when the door bell ring
7 I have learned English for I was 10 years old
8 She has not met her mother since she has moved to London two years ago
9 After Mrs Wang had returned to her house from work, she was cooking dinner
10 Jimmy threw the ball high in the air, and Betty catching it when it came down
11 Linda has worn her new yellow dress only once since she buys it
12 Having fed the dog, he was sat down to his own meal
13 Debbie, who is an excellent tennis player, has been playing tennis since ten years
14 I have seen lots of interesting places when I went on holiday last summer
15 When my cat heard a noise in the bushes, she stopped moving and listen intently
16 I think it’s time you must change your way of living
17 When I’m shopping, I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t met for five years
18 Some people are believing there is life on other planets
3 PASSIVE
- Passive: be + PP
(is, am, are, was were, be, been)
- have + vật + pp
- have + người + bare inf
* Passive voice of infinitive and gerund :
A Passive voice of infinitive: Verb + to be +PP
→ Verbs that are followed by an infinitive: agree, demand, mean, expect, offer, refuse, hope,
seem,want
e.g: The new students hope to be included in many of the school’s social activities
B Passive voice of Gerund: Verb (prep) + being + PP
→ Verbs that are followed by a gerund: dislike, risk , keep, enjoy, admit, mention, practise,
……
E.g: You can’t count on being rescued by your parents every time you get into financial
dificulty
Đề thi 2015
Question 3: People believe that this new teaching method is more effective than the old one
This new teaching method……… Question 9: The headmaster has decided that three lecture halls _ in our school next semester
A will build B will be built C are being built D will be building
EXERCISE
Trang 10Choose the correct answer:
1 My younger brother ………… to the ground and hurt himself while he ………… his bike
A fell riding B fallen was riding C was falling rode D fell was riding
2 She was born in the year when the Republic ………
A was founded B has been founded C was found D had been found
3 The slaves were ……… as animals that could be bought and sold
A thinking of B thought of C to be thought of D to think of
4 No one likes ……… in public
A being laughed B laughing at C to laugh at D being laughed at
5 ……… many times, he still couldn't remember it
A Having told B Tell C Telling D Having been told
6 Much ……… to prevent the air form being polluted
A has been done B have been done C is doing D has done
7 A: Have you moved into your new house yet? - B: Not yet The rooms ………
A is being painted B are being painted C are painted D is painted
8 I'd like to have this suit ………
9 The package ……… yesterday morning
A was delivered B delivered C is delivered D be delivered
10 The thief……… soon
A will be arrested B will arrest C is arrested D arrested
11 - When………? - In 1980
A is the church built B was the church built
C did the church build D has the church been built
12 The old house on the corner……… down last year
A knocked B is knocked C was knocked D has been knocked
13 The machine ……… in Japan is five million dollars
A makes B made C is made D make
14 The cat ……… all day
A hasn't been fed B doesn't feed C isn't fed D wasn't fed
15 I don't believe that this play ……… by Shakespeare
A is written B was written C written D will be written
16 No one knows why the man………
A killed B kills C is killed D was killed
17 I expected ……… to the party, but I wasn’t
A to invite B to be invited C being invited D inviting
18 Her watch needs………
A to be repaired B to repair C being repaired D repaired
19 His car needs………
A be fixed B fixing C to be fixing D fixed
20 My son enjoys ……… to the Zoo
A taking B being taken C to be taken D take
21 When the fire started, a book ……… by Mary
A was being read B are reading C are being read D was reading
22 That bridge ……… when I was here last year
A are built B was being built C were being built D is built
23 A long list of endangered species……… by Scientists
A have made B have been made C has made D has been made
24 He……… to report for duty at six before the semina started
A has told B has been told C had told D had been told
Trang 1125 I don’t remember ……… of the decision to change the company policy on vacations.
When was it decided?
A telling B being told C to tell D to be told
26 Mss Black expects ……… about any revisions in her manuscript before it is printed
A consulting B being consulted C to consult D to be consulted
27 when I told Tim the news, he seemd ………
A to surprise B to be surprised C surprising D being surprised
28 Tommy was accused of ……… the rock through the window
A throwing B being thrown C to throw D to be thown
29 Anne hoped ……… to join the private club
A inviting B being invited C to invite D to be invited
30 He wanted ……… to her wedding party last weekend
A to invite B inviting C being invited D to be invited
- time WHEN Verb
- the reason WHY
- in /on / at … WHICH/ WHOM, không dùng Where/ when/ that
- , that…… ,
- Tên riêng (Tom, HCM city…) , who/ whom/ which…
My, his, her…this,… + N
REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
1 Relative clauses replaced by Present participles.
This clause usually has an active meaning.
Eg: The people who are taking photos over there come from Swedden.
The people taking photos over there come from Swedden.
2 Relative clauses replaced by past participles
This clause usually has a passive meaning
Eg: The boy who was given a present is my son.
The boy given a present is my son
3 Relative clauses replaced by “to-Infinitives”
Relative clauses replaced by “to-infinitive” are often used after structures such as : the first, the second, the last, the only
Eg: Neil Amstrong was the first person who landed on the moon.
Neil Amstrong was the first person to land on the moon
Đề thi 2015
Question 6: The receptionist, answered the phone, told me that the director was out
EXERCISE
Choose the correct answer:
1 The woman …………lives next door is a doctor
A who B whom C which D whose
Trang 122 The boy …………eyes are brown is my son.
A who B whom C which D whose
3 The book…………you bought yesterday is interesting
A who B whom C which D whose
4 Bond is the beautiful beach …………I used to sunbathe
A when B where C which D why
5 My brother Jim, …………lives in Houston, is a doctor
A that B who C whom D which
6 We stayed at the Grand Hotel, …………Ann recommended to us
A who B whom C which D that
7 Jack has three brothers, all of…………are married
A who B whom C them D that
8 They gave us a lot of information, most of…………was useless
A who b whom C which D that
9 There were a lot of people at the party, only a few of…………I met before
A who B whom C them D that
10 I have sent him two letters, neither of…………has arrived
A who B them C which D they
11 That's the reason …………I didn't come to the meeting last night
A when B where C which D why
12 The house in …………I was born and grew up was destroyed in an earthquake ten years ago
13 Do you know the man about …………they’re talking?
14 The film about …………they are talking is fantastic
15 Dec 26th, 2005 was the day …………the terrible tsunami happened
A when B where C why D which
16 The bed …………which I slept was too soft
22 I like the village …………I used to live
A in that B in where C which D in which
23 I don’t know the reason …………she hasn’t talked to me recently
A on which B for which C of which D about which
24 She studied at a university …………one hundred years ago
A founding B which founding C to found D founded
25 I just feel safer with the food …………supermarkets
A sold B to sell C selling D to be selling
26 An opportunist is a person …………every chance they get
A took B taken C who take D taking
27 The picture …………last week has been found
A to steal B who stealing C stolen D to be selling
Trang 1328 Tim has a friend …………as an engineer.
A who work B working C to worked D worked
29 Baseball is a game …………mainly in the United States
A playing B played C which play D who plays
30 The money…………in the flat belongs to the National Bank
A to find B to finding C which finds D found
Choose the word or phrase in each of the following sentences that needs correction.
1 Baseball is the only sport on which I am interested
7 It’s important to be polite to people who lives in the same building
Notes: Tùy theo nghĩa của câu.
- though/ although/ even though + S + V …
- though/ although/ even though ……… but
- in spite of/ despite + n/V-ing (phrase)
- despite không dùng “of”
- so that/in order that + S + will/can/ would/could + V
S + V-ed/2 …… so that + S + would/could + V
S + V-s/es …… so that + S + will/can + V
- in order (for sb) (not) to
- However, but, yet : Dùng để nối 2 mệnh đề đối lập
- Therefore, So, for: Nối 2 mệnh chỉ nguyên nhân và kết quả
Trang 14Choose the correct answer:
1 It must have rained, ……….the ground is so wet
2 It was too late, ……… they decided to spend the night at the foot of the mountain
3 He didn't pass the exam That was ……… he didn't study hard
4 This word can be used both as a noun ……… as a verb
5 ……… she will join us in the game is not decided yet
6 Life without friends ……… families would be lonely
7 ……… happens, we'll continue with the experiment
8 ……….you have enough swimming practice, you will be able to swim well
9 ……… Volkswagen cars are cheap, they last a long time
A Because B In order that C Although D After
10 You will have to pay higher insurance ……… you buy a sports car
11 You shouldn't drive ……… drinking alcohol
A if B in order that C even though D after
12 ……… the dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish - it's a mammal
A whether B so that C although D after
13 Many species of wildlife are becoming extinct, ………the rainforests are being destroyed
A therefore B since C so D consequently
14 When they found the man who had been lost for four days, he was … tired … hungry
A neither nor B as as C either or D not only but also
15 He is neither my uncle ……… my cousin
16 Your wife isn't as pretty ……… my wife
17 The computers in the MMC are ……… educational but also fun
18 For lunch, you may have ……… chicken or fish
Trang 1519 ……… Sam nor his brother can swim.
20 ……… Maria and Hong can swim
21 She spoke quietly to him ……… nobody else could hear a word
A because B if C although D so that
22 He is an excellent student His recent behavior, ………., has been terrible
23 I think he’s telling the truth ………., I don’t trust him
24 ……… it rained a lot, they enjoyed their holiday
A Despite B Although C Due to D In spite of
25 I managed to get to sleep……… a lot of noise
A although B because C because of D in spite of
26 I invited him to join us for lunch, ……… he refused
A however B but C so D and
27 ……… what she said yesterday, he still loves her
A In spite of B Though C Because D Because of
28 Houses are very expensive nowadays ………., they have managed to buy one
Find out the sentence that has the same meaning as the original one.
1 Ron enjoys horseback riding Bob enjoys horseback riding.
A Both Ron and Bob enjoys horseback riding
B Both Ron and Bob enjoy horseback riding
C Neither Ron nor Bob enjoys horseback riding
D Either Ron or Bob enjoys horseback riding
2 She is both beautiful and rich.
A She is not only beautiful but also rich B She is either rich or beautiful
C She is neither rich nor beautiful D She is beautiful but she is not rich
3 I have tried hard but I cannot earn enough money.
A Although I have tried hard, I can’t earn enough money
B I have tried hard and so I can earn enough money
C I have tried hard so that I can earn enough money
D I have tried hard ; therefore I can’t earn enough money
4 Although he is intelligent, he doesn’t do well at school.
A In spite of intelligent, he doesn’t do well at school
B In spite he is intelligent, he doesn’t do well at school
C Despite being intelligent, he doesn’t do well at school
D Although his intelligence, he doesn’t do well at school
5 John didn’t attend the class because he was seriously ill
A John’s class was not serious B John was too ill to attend the class
C John never attended the class D John was absent from the class many times
Find out a mistake in each sentence
1 Either work and play are important for students nowadays
Trang 166 I am not sure where he’s from He’s either Spanish nor Italian.
A B C D
6 WORD FORMS
- Adjective (-ful, -al, -able, -ive…): sau be, look, feel…; trước danh từ
Ex: It looks beautiful
I have just bought an expensive car.
- Noun (-tion, -ment, -ty, -ness, -ist, -ian, -er…): sau tính từ, the, a, his, of
Ex: He has a good education.
Playing sports is a kind of entertainment.
- Averb (-ly): sau động từ hành động, sau túc từ, đầu câu…
Ex: He speaks English fluently.
Unluckily, he missed the train.
NOTES
- “hard”: vừa là tính từ vừa là trạnh từ (hardly: hầu như không)
- “fast”: vừa là tính từ vừa là trạnh từ (không có fastly)
Ex: He studies hard/ He runs fast.
- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –ing: boring, interesting
- Tính từ tận cùng bằng –ed: bored, interested
Ex: The film is interesting
He is interested in the film.
Choose the correct answer:
1 The baby as she played with her toys
a laughed happy b happily laughs c laughed happily d happy laughed
2 Mary looks very
a success b successful c successfully d succeeded
3 Nick sounded when I spoke to him on the phone
4 The film was so that I felt and asleep
a bored/boring b boring/boring c boring/bored d bored/bored
5 Fresh air is for our health
6 I feel so and sleepy today because I worked late tonight
7 Miss White sang very at my birthday party last night
a beauty b beautify c beautifully d beautiful
8 Jane drives carefully but her sister drives
a fastly b very fast c more quick d very quick
9 The way she said that made me
a extreme angrily b angrily extreme c extremely angry d angry extremely
10 It took us quite a long time to get here It was journey
a three hour b a three-hours c a three-hour d three hours
11 We felt when we lost
a disappointedly b disappointing c disappoint d disappointed
Trang 1712 She’s very about what to do
a confused b confuse c confusing d confusedly
13 How many took part in the 22nd SEA Games?
a competitors b competitive c competes d competitions
14 Boys often enjoy doing things in a way
a create b creative c creativity d creatively
15 The problem of among young people is hard to solve
a employment b employees c employers d unemployment
16 Some people are concerned with physical when choosing a wife or husband
a attractive b attraction c attractiveness d attractively
17 He can’t hear because of his
a deaf b deafness c deafen d deafened
18 She was the first in her family to enjoy the privilege of a university
a educated b educational c educating d education
19 Some species of rare animals are in of extinction
a danger b dangerous c dangerously d endanger
20 Electronic music is a kind of music in which sounds are produced
a electron b electric c electronic d electronically
21 Are you sure that boys are more than girls?
a act b active c action d activity
22 Work is shared between them
23 Mrs Tam has never lost her for teaching
a enthusiastic b enthusiasm c enthusiast d enthusiastically
24 Vietnamese athletes performed and won a lot of gold medals
a excellent b excellently c excellence d excel
25 Books are still a cheap way to get information and
a entertainment b entertain c entertaining d entertainer
26 To Americans, it is impolite to ask someone about age, and salary
such + adj + N (dt không đếm được)
such a/an…+ adj + N (dt đếm được) = so + adj + a/an + N
- too + adj/adv …to + V
- adj/adv + enough…to + V
- enough + N + to + V
EXERCISE
Choose the correct answer:
1 These two girls that I can't tell them apart
A are so like B are so alike C are too alike D alike enough
2 Mrs Harrison is he owns many palaces
A so a rich man that B such an rich man that
C such a rich man that D that so rich a man
3 The ceiling is
A too high for me to reach B too high for me to each it
C so high for me reaching D enough high of me reaching
Trang 184 The woman was so beautiful
A that I couldn't help looking at B that I couldn't help looking at her
C for me looking at her D that for me to look at
5 It is that I would like to go to the beach
A such a nice weather B too nice weather
C such nice weather D such weather nice
6 These are that I can't finish them
A a such long assignments B such long assignments
C such a long assignments D too long assignments
7 It is that I have read it twice
A such an interesting book B so interesting a book
C too interesting a hook D A and B
8 He I was scared
A drove too fast that B drove so fastly that
C drove so fast that D drove such fast that
9 She dances everybody adores her,
A such beautifully that B so beautiful that
C so beautifully that D too beautifully that
10 It is to go swimming
A too cold B so cold C such a cold D enough cold that
11 Jane is to do this exercise
A no intelligence enough B not intelligent enough
C not enough intelligent D so intelligent enough
12 I am a car
A not rich enough to buy B too rich enough to buy
C too poor to buy D A and C
13 It's home from here
A too far walking B too far for walking C far to walk, too D too far to walk
14 The bed is not clean enough
A to lie in it B to lie in C for lying in D in which to lie
15 Have you got for everybody?
A enough food B food enough C too food D so food
16 He to be offered the job
A was such inexperienced B was too inexperienced
C not experienced enough D was not experienced enough
17 to go to the cinema
A It was late so that B That it was late C It was too late D Such too late
18 We don't to go there now
A have time enough B enough time C have too time D have enough time
8 REPORTED SPEECH
Nguyên tắc chung:
- Dùng động từ giới thiệu cho phù hợp từng loại câu tường thuật
- Đổi ngôi theo người nói và người nghe, lùi thì, đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn
8.1 Tường thuật lời nói
S + said (that)
S + told + sb (that)
Ex: “ I will see you tomorrow” Hoa said to me.
Hoa told me (that) she would see me the following day/ the next day.
- Hoa người nói - I
- me người nghe - you
- said to - told
Trang 19- will see - would see
- tomorrow - the following day/ the next day
Ex: “Come here, boy” said the man
The man asked the boy to come there
- Mệnh lệnh phủ định:
Ex: “Don’t come tomorrow” said the policeman
The policeman told me/us not to come the following day
8.3 Câu hỏi:
- Yes/No
Ex: “Did you go with Hoa?” Lan said
Lan wanted to know if/whether I had gone with Hoa
Lan aksed me if/whether I had gone with Hoa
- WH-Questions
Ex: “Where were you last night?” the mother said.
The mother wanted to know where her son/daughter had gone the night before
8.4 Tường thuật dạng Gerund và Infinitive
accuse of, stop from, compliment on, warn against, criticize for )
Wanted to know Asked (+ Sb) + WH + S + V (lùi thì) Wondered
Trang 20Đề thi 2015
Question 2: “Would you like to come to my 18th birthday party?” he asked me
EXERCISE:
Choose the best answer
1 She asked the little boy what ………
A his name was B was his name C is his name D his name is
2 Tom asked Susan if she……… to wear her new hat
3 She said that they had moved house………
A this year B the year before C the year D the year after
4 John’s mother asked where John……… the night before
5 Janet’s boss reminded her not to forget to post………
A those letters B these letters C this letters D this letter
6 The man promised that he……… to Mary as soon as he reaches Paris
A will write B can write C would write D writes
7 She asked Mr Vincent………
A what was his job B what is his job C what his job was D what will his job be
8 She said she………
A was a teacher B is a teacher C will be a teacher D can be a teacher
9 Anna asked if we……… there
A could walk B can walk C will walk D walk
10 She asks him if he……… back next week
A is coming B was coming C were coming D would coming
11 He asked me……… I liked soft music
12 Tom asked if he……… use the phone
13 Henry said that his house had been broken into………
A two days ago B two days before C since two days D the two days before
14 His uncle asked Michel ……… the previous match
A who is winning B who won C who will win D who wins
15 Their parents wanted to know………
A what was happening B is happening C was what happening D will be happening
16 She asked me what time………
17 Someone told us……… sit on the stairs
18 He told me that he ………
A had already the film seen B had already seen the film
C the film had already seen D had seen already the film
20 “All right, I’ll help you” he said → He ……… to help me
21 “Oh, no, I won’t come to your party”, he said → He ……… to come to my party
22 “I’ll look for the cat for you tomorrow if you like” he said
→ He ……… to look after the cat for me the next day if I liked
23 “I’ll visit your parents when I arrive there”, he said
→ He ……… to visit my parents when he arrived there
Trang 21A said B suggested C offered D promised
24 “I’ll sell the TV set if you keep on watching it all day”, said the father
→ The father ……… to sell the TV set if he kept on watching it all day
A reminded B threatened C refused D ordered
25 “You’d better hurry”, he said → He……… me to hurry
26 “Post the letter for me, will you?” he said → He ……… me to post the letter for him
26 “Remember to close the door”, he said → He ……… me to close the door
27 “Would you like to come on a picnic with us?” → He ……us to come on a picnic with them
28 “I’ve made the wall dirty” said one student → One student ………making the wall dirty
29.“If I were you, I would go to the doctor ”Minh said to Lan
→ Minh ……… Lan to go to the doctor
30 “ Let’s go out for a walk,” said Mary → Mary……… going out for a walk
Choose the most suitable sentences in each reported sentence below.
1 Charlie said, "I'm thinking of going to live in Canada".
A Charlie said that I was thinking of going to live in Canada.
B Charlie said that I am thinking of going to live in Canada.
C Charlie said that he was thinking of going to live in Canada.
D Charlie said that he is thinking of going to live in Canada.
2 Charlie said, "My father is in hospital".
A Charlie said that my father is in hospital.
B Charlie said that his father was in hospital.
C Charlie said that his father is in hospital.
D Charlie said that my father was in hospital.
3 Charlie said, “Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow’’
A He said that Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow
B He said that Nora and Jim were getting married the next day.
C He said that Nora and Jim were getting married tomorrow.
D He said that Nora and Jim are getting married the next day.
4 Charlie said, "I haven't seen Bill for a while".
A He said that he hadn't seen Bill for a while.
B He said that I haven't seen Bill for a while.
C He said that he hasn't seen Bill for a while.
D He said that I hadn't seen Bill for a while.
5 Charlie said, "Margaret has had a baby".
A Charlie said Margaret has had a baby B Charlie said Margaret had had a baby.
C Charlie said Margaret had a baby D Charlie said Margaret has a baby.
6 Charlie said, "I don’t know what Fred is doing".
A He said that he doesn’t know what Fred is doing.
B He said that he didn’t know what Fred is doing.
C He said that he doesn’t know what Fred was doing.
D He said that he didn’t know what Fred was doing.
7 Charlie said, "I hardly ever go out these days".
A He said that he hardly ever went out these days.
B He said that I hardly ever go out these days.
C He said that he hardly ever went out those days.
D He said that he hardly ever goes out these days.
Trang 228 Charlie said, '"I work 14 hours a day".
A He said that he works 14 hours a day B He said that he worked 14 hours a day.
C He said that I work 14 hours a day D He said that I worked 14 hours a day.
9 Charlie said, "I'll tell Jim I saw you"
A He said he'll tell Jim he saw me B He said I would tell Jim I had seen you.
C He said he would tell Jim he had seen me D He said I would tell Jim he had seen me.
10 Charlie said, "You can come and stay with me if you are ever in London".
A He said you could come and stay with him if I was ever in London.
B He said I could come and stay with him if I were ever in London.
C He said you can come and stay with him if you are ever in London.
D He said I can come and stay with him if I am ever in London.
11 Charlie said, "Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured".
A He said Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.
B He said Tom had had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.
C He said Tom had had an accident last week but he hadn't been injured.
D He said Tom had an accident last week but he hadn't been injured.
12 He said, "New York is bigger than London".
A He said that New York was bigger than London.
B He says that New York is bigger than London.
C He says that New York was bigger than London.
D He said that New York is bigger than London.
13 "Stay in bed for a few days", the doctor said to me.
A The doctor told me stay in bed for a few a days.
B The doctor told to me to stay in bed for a few days.
C The doctor said me to stay in bed for a few days.
D The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.
14 "Don’t shout", I said to Jim.
A I told Jim don't shout B I told to Jim not to shout
C I told Jim not to shout D I said to Jim don't shout.
15 "Please don’t tell anyone what happened", Ann said to me
A Ann asked me don't tell anyone what happened.
B Ann told me don't tell anyone what happened.
C Ann said to me don't tell anyone what happened.
D Ann asked me not to tell anyone what had happened.
16 "Can you open the door for me, Tom?" Ann asked.
A Ann asked to open the door for her, Tom B Ann asked Tom to open the door for her.
C Ann asked Tom open the door for her D Ann asked Tom to open the door for me.
17 “ Please, could you wake me at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning?” I asked the doorman.
A I aksed the door man if he wakes me at 6 o’clock the following morning.
B I aksed the door man if he wake me at 6 o’clock the following morning.
C I aksed the door man whether he wakes me at 6 o’clock the following morning or not.
D I aksed the door man to wake me at 6 o’clock the following morning.
18 “You stole my best cassette, Bob!” said Willy.
A Willy accused Bob for having stolen his best cassette.
B Willy accused Bob of having stolen his best cassette.
C Willy accused Bob on having stolen his best cassette.
D Willy accused Bob to have stolen his best cassette.
19 “Don’t forget to feed the chicken twice a day,” he said.
A He said don’t forget to feed the chicken twice a day
B He told not to forget to feed the chicken twice a day
C He reminded me to feed the chicken twice a day
D He suggetsed me to feed the chicken twice a day
Trang 2320 “Would you like to come to my birthday party, Mary?” said Mike
A Mike didn’t know that Mary had come to his birthday party.
B Mike was told to come to Mary’s birthday party.
C M ike invited Mary to come to his birthday party.
D Mike asked Mary if she didn’t like to come to his birthday party.
9 MODAL VERBS
9.1 Can ( quá khứ là could ) : chỉ một khả năng hoặc cơ hội làm đều gì đó, nghĩa là “ có thể”.
Ex : - Tom can play three musical intruments.
- In the past, people could hardly travel easily.
9.2 may / might : diễn đạt điều gì đó không chắc chắn xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
Ex : - It may / might be a bomb.
- She may / might be at home today.
9.3 should ( not )/ought (not) to : chỉ lời khuyên (nên hay không nên)
Ex : - You should not smoke so much It is not good for you
9.4 Must: chỉ sự bắt buộc (phải), sự việc chắc chắn xảy ra
Must not chỉ sự cấm đoán không được phép.
Ex : - You haven’t got much time You must hurry.
- You can tell Tom what I said but he mustn’t tell anybody else.
9.5 Need / needn’t + V = don’t need + to-inf
Ex: You have got plenty of time You don’t need to hurry (You needn’t hurry)
Notes :
1 Câu đề nghị: Can you … ? Could you … ?
2 Câu xin phép: May I … ?
Ex: Could you please open the window ?
May I read your newspaper?
3 Một số cách biến đổi tương đương:
- be necessary (for O) + to– inf = need / have to
- be unnecessary (for O) + to– inf = don’t need / don’t have to
Ex: It is unnecessary for him to study many subjects.
He needn’t study many subjects
He does not have to study many subjects.
- be possible / impossible + to-inf = can/ cannot + V
Ex: It is impossible for me to finish it now.
I can't finish it now
4 Modals + have + V3,ed :
- Could have + P.P: rất có thể đã xảy ra
- May / might + have + V 3/ed : Có thể, có lẽ đã xảy ra ở quá khứ nhưng không chắc chắn.
- Needn’t have + V 3/ ed : lẽ ra không cần thiết phải làm , nhưng đã làm rồi
Ex : Ann bought some eggs but when she got home she found that she already had plenty of eggs So she needn’t have bought any eggs
- Should have + V 3 / ed : lẽ ra nên làm nhưng đã không làm
Ex: I ate so much chocolate so I am feeling sick I shouldn’t have eaten so much chocolate
- Must + have + V 3/ed: Ắt hẳn đã xảy ra ở quá khứ
Đề thi 2015
Question 7: Changes have been made in our primary schooling program As a result, youngchildren do homework any more
A needn’t B oughtn’t C couldn’t D haven’t
Question 5: It was wrong of you to leave the class without asking for your teacher’s permission
Trang 24Exercise 1 Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.
1 Since we have to be there by 8.30, we……… take a taxi
2 It _ rain this evening Why don't you take an umbrella?
3 This road is very narrow It ……… to be widened
4 They have plenty of time, so they needn’t ………
5 You’re having a sore throat You’d better……… to the doctor
6 My mother permitted me to go out at night She said, “You ……… go out tonight.”
7 He advised me to take an English course I ……… it early
A should have taken B should take C will have taken D may take
8 You ……… ring the bell; I have a key
A mustn’t B needn’t C couldn’t D shouldn’t
9 We ……… put the fish in the fridge before it spoils
10 You ……… throw litter on the streets
11 ……… you speak any foreign languages?
12 ……… you mind my staying here for some days?
13 You ……… return the book now You can keep it till next week
14 "Must we do it now?" - "No, you ……… ”
A won't B needn't C can't D don't
15 We have enough food for dinner so you ……… go to the market
16 We were very worried Someone ……… the car
A might have taken B should have taken C needn’t have taken D will have taken
17 It’s not necessary that you do your homework now
A You needn’t do your homework now B You have not to do your homework now
C You must do your homework now D You cannot do no homework now
18 Leave early so that you ……… miss the bus
19 Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It ……… have cost a fortune
20 Jeanette did very badly on the exam She ……… harder
A must have studied B could have studied
C should have studied D must studied
21 Marcela didn’t come to class yesterday She ……… an accident
a should have had b must have c might have had d may have
22 John still hasn’t come out He ……… everything for the trip now
a must have been preparing b must be preparing
c will be preparing d will have prepared
23 Thomas received a warning for speeding He ……… so fast
a shouldn’t have driven b should have
c would have driven d might have driven
24 My car stopped on the high way It ……… out of gas
a may run b must be c may have run d should have run
Trang 2525 The children ……… “thank you” to you when you gave them their gifts.
a will have said b should have said c must say d should say
10 SUBJECT - VERB AGREEMENT
I Singular verb (Động từ số ít):
1 Hai danh từ cùng chỉ một người, một vật, một thứ:
Example: The writer and poet is coming tonight
2 Each / Every / either/ neither +{ danh từ số ít}/{ of + danh từ số nhi ều }
Example: Each of children has a toy
3 Someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, everyone something, nothing,… Example: Everything looks bright and clean
4 Các danh từ chỉ môn học, tên bệnh và tên quốc gia kết thúc là ‘s’:
news, physics, ecnomics (kinh tế học), mathematics, politics (chính trị học), athletes (môn điền kinh), meales (bệnh sởi), mumps (bệnh quai bị), the Philipines (nước Phi), the United States (nước Mỹ)
Example: Physics is more difficult than chemistry
5 Các danh từ không đếm được: furniture (đồ đạc), traffic ( giao thông), knowledge, Homework, advice, weather
Example: The furniture is m ore expensive than we think
6 Các từ chỉ số lượng thời gian, khoảng cách và tiền:
Example: Four weeks is a longer time to wait him
Three thousand dollars is a big sum of money
II Plural verb (Động từ số nhiều):
1 Hai danh từ chỉ hai người, hai vật, hai thứ khác nhau:
Example: Water and oil do not mix
2 Tính từ được dùng như danh từ : The + ADJ: the poor (người nghèo), the sick, the rich, Example:The rich are not always happy
3 Các danh từ PEOPLE , POLICE , CATTLE
Example:The police h as arrested the thieves
4 Các từ A FEW, BOTH
Example: A few books I read are famous
III Singular or plual verbs (Số nhiều hoặc số ít):
1 The number of + DT số nhiều Động từ số ít
A number of + DT số nhiều Động từ số nhiều
Example: The number of students in this class is small
A number of children like cakes
2 NO + DT số ít → Động từ số ít
NO + DT số nhiều → Động từ số nhiều
Example: No student is in the hall
No students are on the schoolyard
3 All / some/ none /plenty/ half/ most/ a lot / lots + OF+ DT số ít
Động từ số ít
All / some/ none /plenty/ half/ most/ a lot / lots + OF+ DT số nhiều Động từ số nhiều
Example: None of the boys are good at English
IV Hợp với chủ ngữ gần: (Danh từ liên kết bởi cặp từ nối song song)
1 EITHER OR
2 NEITHER + N 1 + NOR + N 2 + verb
3 NOT ONLY BUT ALSO
Example: Not only my brothers but also my sister is here.
Trang 26V Hợp với chủ ngữ xa: (Danh từ đựơc bổ nghĩa bởi cụm giới từ)
Example: The woman with all the dogs walks down my street.
The book, including all the chapters in section, is anxious
The team captain, as well as his players, is boring.
The woman with all the dogs walks down my street.
The people who listen to that music are few.
Đề thi 2015
Question 29: The number of homeless people in Nepal have increased sharply due to the recent severe earthquake
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject.
1 Either my mother or my father (is, are) coming to the meeting
2 The dog or the cats (is, are) outside
3 Either my shoes or your coat (is, are) always on the floor
4 George and Tamara (doesn't, don't) want to see that movie
5 Benito (doesn't, don't) know the answer
6 One of my sisters (is, are) going on a trip to France
7 The man with all the birds (live, lives) on my street
8 Each of the twins (has, have) some unusual habits
9 The players, as well as the captain, (want, wants) to win
10 Either answer (is, are) acceptable
11 Every one of those books (is, are) fiction
12 Nobody (know, knows) the trouble I've seen
13 (Is, Are) the news on at five or six?
14 Mathematics (is, are) John's favorite subject, while Civics (is, are) Andrea's favorit subject
15 Eight dollars (is, are) the price of a movie these days
16 There (was, were) fifteen candies in that bag Now there (is, are) only one left!
17 The Prime Minister, together with his wife, (greets, greet) the press cordially
18 These predictions, including one about how well you will do on this practice, (is, are) not
to be believed
19 My sister, along with her husband and my parents, (is, are) driving to a wedding this weekend
20 Neither her administrative assistants nor Senator Smith (return, returns) phone calls
21 One of my brothers (was, were) in Atlanta last weekend
22 However, I believe that perfect practice, including long drills, (is, are) the key to success
11 COMPARISONS
11.1 Equal comparison
S + Verb + as + Adjective/ Adverb + as Noun / Pronoun
My book is as interesting as yours.
S + Verb (in negative) + as/ so + Adjective/ Adverb + as + S + Aux
John does not sing so well as his sister does.
Trang 2711.2 Comparative form.
Adjective + er
more + Adjective/ Adverb less + Adjective/ Adverb
Eg: John’s grade is higher than his sister’s.
He speaks Spanish more fluently than I do.
11.3 Superlative
Adjective / Adverb+ est in + singular count noun
S + Verb the most + Adjective/ Adverb of + plural count noun
least + Adjective/ Adverb
Eg: John is the tallest boy in the family.
That child behaves the most carelessly of all.
Note: The same idea can also be converted in another way.
S + Verb + the same + ( noun) + as + Noun / Pronoun
Eg: My house is the same height as his.
11.4 Double comparatives:
11.4.1 Càng ngày càng:
a Short adjectives and adverbs:
adj/adv-“er” and adj/adv- “er”
Ex: The days are getting longer and longer.
b Long adjectives and adverbs:
more and more + adj/adv
Ex: The game gets more and more exciting
11.4.2 Càng càng
a Short adjectives and adverbs:
The + adj/adv- ‘er’ + S + V , the adj/adv- “er’ + S + V
Ex: The bigger the room is, the better I feel.
b Long adjectives and adverbs:
The more + adj/adv + S + V , the more + adj/adv + S + V
Ex: The more difficult this work is, the more excited I feel.
11.4.3 Nouns and verbs.
The more… , the more ……
Ex: The more money he gets, the more food he buys.
The more he works, the more he earns.
* Note: Ta có thể kết hợp tất cả các hình thức trên với nhau:
Ex: The more work he did, the busier he became.
The less you think of the story, the better you feel
Đề thi 2015
Question 19: After the new technique had been introduced, the factory produced cars in
2014 as the year before
A twice many as B as twice many C as many twice D twice as many
EXERCISES
Choose the correct form of the verb that agrees with the subject.
1 Bill Gates is one of people in the world
A the rich B richer C rich D the richest
2 I am at music than my old sister
Trang 283 Ice hockey is sport in Canada.
A popular B the most popular C more popular D populariest
4 That is song this band has
A the most beautiful B more beautiful C beautifulest D beautiful
5 The China Wall is wall in the world
A the longest B more long C longer D long
6 Cities are than villages
A busier B busy C the busiest D most busy
7 Amalia is girl in the class
A the cleverest B clever C cleverer D more clever
8 New York is city in USA
A crowded B the most crowded C more crowded D crowder
9 Of the four dresses, which is _expensive?
10 The larger the apartment, the _ the rent
A expensive B more expensive C expensively D most expensive
11 The faster we walk, _ we will get there
A the soonest B the soon C the more soon D the sooner
12 “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were _ I could find ”
A cheapest B cheapest ones C the cheapest ones D the most cheapest
13 Nam is 5 years than Hoa
14 Peter wanted to win the race He ran
A so fast as he can B fast as he could C fast as he can D as fast as he could
15 She speaks Chinese as as I do
16 One of the diseases mankind has ever faced is cancer
17 The situation continues to get worse and
18 The longer hours you work,
A the less tired you'll be B you'll be more tired
C the more tired you'll be D the most tired you'll be
19 The more you study,
A you will gain more knowledge B the more knowledge do you gain
C you are the more knowledgeable D the more knowledge you gain
20 John works much than we do
A more hardly B harder C hardest D hard
Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correction.
1 Mary and Daisy are both intelligent students Mary is so intelligent as Daisy
Trang 298 The salary of a professor is higher than a secretary
Choose the best sentence that have similar to the given one.
1 They understand more than we do
A We don’t understand as much as they do B We don’t understand anything at all
C They understand everything inside out D They are very intelligent
2 It is much more difficult to speak English than to speak French
A To speak French is more difficult than to speak English
B To speak English is more difficult than to speak French
C Speaking English is more difficult than to speak French
D Speaking French is not as difficult as to speak English
3 My interview lasted longer than yours
A Your interview wasn’t as short as mine B Your interview was shorter than mine
C Your interview was as long as mine D Your interview was longer than mine
4 When I was younger, I used to go climbing more than I do now
A Now I don’t go climbing anymore B I used to go climbing when I younger
C Now I don’t go climbing as much as I did D I don’t like going climbing any more
5 Your coffee is not as good as mine
A Mine is better than yours B My coffee is better than your
C My coffee is better than yours D My coffee is more good than yours
6 Murder is the most serious of all crimes
A Murder is very serious B No crime is more serious than murder
C Everyone is very afraid of murder D Murder is the dangerous crime
7 No one in this class is as tall as Richard
A Richard is the tallest in this class B Richard is taller than in this class
C Richard is the most tall in this class D Richard is more tall than in this class
8 This is the best music I have ever heard
A I’ve never heard better music than this B I’ve never heard such a good music as this
C I’ve never heard so good music as this D This is the first time I’ve heard this good music
9 This is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read
A Knowing that the novel will be interesting, I read it
B If only I had known the novel was so interesting, I’d have read it earlier
C I don’t think it is the most interesting novel
D I have never read a more interesting novel than this
12 PHRASAL VERBS
A phrasal verb is essentially a verb and one or two additional particles
EX: look for, look after, look up, look forward to, look down on …
There are four types of phrasal verbs These are as below:
12.1 Type 1 = verb + adverb (no object)
EX: break down = stop working
Trang 30The car broke down and we had to walk.
verb + adverb + object
12.2 Type 2 =
verb + object + adverb
EX: Put off = postpone
We must put off the meeting for another week.
We must put the meeting off for another week
If the object is a pronoun the adverb must come after the object
We must put it off for another week
But not:
We must put off it for another week (wrong sentence)
12.3 Type 3 = verb+ preposition + object
EX: take after = be similar to older relative (resemble)
He takes after his mother.
He takes after her.
But not:
He takes his mother after
He takes her after
12.4 Type 4 = verb + adverb + preposition + object
EX: put up with = tolerate
I can’t put up with his behavior any more
I can’t put up with it any more
Đề thi 2015
Question 18: Nguyen Thi Anh Vien performed so well in the 28 Sea Games women’s 200m butterfly that none of her rivals could her
A catch up with B look up to C come up to D put up with
Choose the best answer for each gap.
1 Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we _?
A turn on B turn off C go on D look after
2 Who will the children while you go out to work?
A look for B look up C look after D look at
3 Please the light, it’s getting dark here
A turn on B turn off C turn over D turn into
4 There is an inflation The prices
A are going on B are going down C are going over D are going up
5 Remember to _ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house
A take care B take on C take over D take off
6 You can the new words in the dictionary
A look for B look after C look up D look at
7 Frank never turns up on time for a meeting.
A calls B arrives C reports D prepares
8 Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
9 My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.
A looked after B taken after C gone off D got over
10 The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.
A went on B went out C went off D went away
11 Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _ his boss
Trang 3112 Why do they talking about money all the time?
A keep on B give up C take after D stop by
13 My father gave up smoking two years ago
A liked B continued C stopped D enjoyed
14 I was born in Scotland but I in Northern Ireland
A grew up B raised C brought up D rose
15 Both Ann and her sister look like her mother.
16 I’ll be back in a minute, Jane I just want to try out my new tape recorder.
17 Paula applied for the post but she was
A turned down B checked out C kept under D pushed ahead
18 We were too tired to wash after the meal
19 The diesel engine was named its inventor Rudolf Diesel
20 She to the cinema last night
21 Does this jacket my trousers?
22 Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside
A calls on B keeps off C takes in D goes up
23 I do not use those things any more You can _ them away
24 UNESCO _ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
A stands for B brings about C takes after D gets across
13 COLLOCATIONS
Collocations là những cặp hoặc nhóm từ luôn luôn đi với nhau, và các cặp từ đó làm chongười bản xứ thấy câu hoặc từ đúng như cách họ dùng từ, tức khi bạn dùng Collocations đúng thìcâu nó tự nhiên và đúng tiếng Anh hơn
Chẳng hạn như bạn sẽ dùng a fast car chứ không phải là a quick car hoặc là dùng watch TVchứ không dùng look at TV
Đề thi 2015
Question 30: All the candidates for the scholarship will be equally treated regarding of their age, sex, or nationality
Question 17: John has finally found a new job after being for three months
A out of order B out of mind C out of work D out of reach
Choose the best answer to fill the gap in each of the following.
1 The meeting took almost five hours so it was impossible to _ attention all the time
2 It took us all day to clean up the office after the burglary The thieves a terrible mess
3 I don't think we should _ a decision yet; we should wait
4 Only 31% of the students who _ the final exam passed it
5 Could you _ me a favour and post these letters on your way home?
6 The company offers its employees free language training but not many people _ advantage of it
Trang 32A make B take C do D keep
7 Most doctors and nurses have to work on a _ once or twice a week at the hospital
A solution B night shift C household chores D special dishes
8 We enjoy _ time together in the evening when the family members gather in the livingroom after a day of working hard
A spending B caring C taking D doing
9 Billy, come and give me a hand with cooking
A help B prepared C be busy D attempt
10 Whenever problems come up, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly
A happen B encounter C arrive D clean
11 We share the house with my mother and father and my wife‘s sister and her kids, it isa _family
A nuclear B extended C crowed D single-parent
12 My mother _the responsibility for running the household
A holds B takes C runs D bears
13 London is home to people of many cultural _
A diverse B diversity C diversify D diversification
14 Some researchers have just _ a survey of young people's points of view on contractualmarriage
A sent B directed C managed D conducted
15 Many young people have objected to _ marriage, which is decided by the parents ofthe bride and groom
A agreed B romantic C contractual D sacrificed
16 Socially, the married _ is thought to be the basic unit of society
A couple B pair C twins D double
17 Body language is a potent form of _ communication
A verbal B non-verbal C tongue D oral
18 In many cultures, people signify their agreement by _ their head
A turning B raising C pointing D nodding
19 TV and film characters on TV have a great _ on children
A function B influence C strength D result
20 The World Wild Fund’s aim is to protect…… wild animals and their habitat
A endangered B endanger C endangerment D danger
14 COMMUNICATIVE TASKS
Question 29: Maria: “Thanks for the lovely evening.” - Diana: “ .”
A No, it’s not good B I’m glad you enjoyed it
C Yes, it’s really great D Oh, that’s right
Question 35: Kevin: “How far is it from here to the nearest post office?” - Lan: “ .”
A Turn left and then turn right B Yes, it’s quite near here
C Two kilometers at least D No, it’s rather far
Question 36: Pat: “Would you like something to eat?” - Kathy: “ I’m not hungry now.”
A No, thanks B No, no problem C Yes, I would D Yes, it is
Question 38: David: “Could you bring me some water?” Waiter: “ ”
A Certainly, sir B Yes, I can C I don’t want to D No, I can’t
Question 42: Ellen: “ ?” Tom: “He’s tall and thin with blue eyes.”
A How is John doing B What does John like
C What does John look like D Who does John look like
Đề thi 2015
Question 23: Mike and Lane are university students They are talking about Lane’s upcominghigh-school reunion Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank
Trang 33Mike: “So, you have your fifth high-school reunion coming up?”
Lane: “ ”
A Oh, the school reunion was wonderful B The food at the reunion was excellent
C Yeah I’m really looking forward to it D No You’re in no mood for the event Question 24: Ken and Tom are high-school students They are discussing where their studygroup will meet Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank
Ken: “Where is our study group going to meet next weekend?”
Tom: “ ”
A We are too busy on weekdays B The library would be best
C Why don’t you look at the atlas? D Studying in a group is great fun
EXERCISE
Choose the correct answer:
1 A: You are a great dancer I wish I could do half as well as you
B: I’m an awful dancer
A You’re too kind B That’s a nice complement
C You’ve got to be kidding! D Oh, thank you very much
2 A: Congratulations! You did great B:
A It's nice of you to say so B It's my pleasure
3 A: B: Oh, thank you I just got it yesterday
A When have you got this beautiful dress?
B You just bought this beautiful dress, haven't you?
C How a beautiful dress you're wearing!
D That's a beautiful dress you have on!
4 A: This dish is really nice! B: It's called Yakitori
A It's my pleasure B I'm glad you like it
C I guess you're right D Sure, I'll be glad to
5 A: You look great in this new dress B:
C I am glad you like it D Do not say anything about it
6 A: What an attractive hair style you have got, Mary! B:
A Thank you very much I am afraid B You are telling a lie
C Thank you for your compliment D I don’t like your saying
7 A: Shall we have a drink when you finish your class? B:
A No, we can't B All right C You're welcome D You needn’t do that
8 A: Can I leave early? B:
A Yes, of course B No, certainly C Yes, let’s D That’s a good idea
9 A: ! - B: Thank you
A What a nice house B Thanks for coming
C Please help me with this D Sorry
10 A: How do you do I'm Bill Thompson - B:
A Very well thank you B How do you do
11 A: Is Dane in? - B: No, he's out ?
A Can I leave a message B Do you need a message
C Can you take a message? D Would you like to leave a message!
12 A: Don't tell anyone my new address - B:
13 John: "I've passed my final exam." - Tom: " ”
A Good luck B It's nice of you to say so
C That's a good idea D Congratulations!
Trang 3414 Hung: "Would you like to have dinner with me?" - Lam: " ”
A Yes, I'd love to B I'm very happy C Yes, it is D Yes, so do I
15 Sue: "I love pop music." - Alice: “ "
A I do, too B No, I won't C Yes, I like it D Neither do I
16 David: "Happy Christmas!" - Jason: " "
A You are the same! B Same for you!
C The same to you! D Happy Christmas with you!
17 A: ? - B: Once a week
A How often do you go shopping B How much do you want
18 A: "Sorry I'm late." - B: " ”
A OK B Don't worry C Hold the line, please D Go ahead
19 Mary: "I've got an interview for a job tomorrow." - Peter: " .”
A Thank you B Same to me C Good luck D See you
20 Trung: "I'm getting married next week - Nguyen: " .”
A Thanks, the same to you B Congratulations!
21 A: "Are you free this coming Sunday?" - B: " .”
A Yes, I will B No, thank you C Yes, I can D I think so Why?
22 A: "Would you like some more tea?" - B: " .”
A Yes, please B Here you are C It doesn't matter D I'm OK
23 Peter: "Thanks a lot for your wonderful gift." - Mary: " .“
A You are welcome B Thank you C Cheers D Have a good day
24 A: Thank you for a lovely evening - B:
A Don't mention it B I'm glad you enjoyed it
C Yes, I'd like that D Yes, that would be very nice
25 A: - B: By bus
A What do you go to school? B Do you go to school by bus?
C Who are you taken to school by? D How do you come to school?
26 " was he driving when the accident happened?" - About 60 kilometers an hour
A How far B How quick C How fast D How long
27 A: How about a biscuit? - B: I'm on a diet
A Yes, please B Yes, thank you C No, thanks D it’s OK
28 "Congratulations on your success!" -" "
A Not at all B Thank you C All right D The same to you
29 A: May I borrow your pen for a minute, please? - B:
A Yes, certainly B Yes, thank you C No, thanks D No, of course
15 PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
- Sử dụng bare infinitive cho tất cả các ngôi, kể cà ngôi thú b số ít.
15.1 After adjectives such as IMPORTANT, ESSENTIAL, VITAL etc
The Subjunctive is used after the following expressions:
It is best (that) It is crucial (that) It is desirable (that)
It is essential (that) It is imperative (that) It is important (that)
It is recommended (that) It is urgent (that) It is vital (that)
It is a good idea (that) It is a bad idea (that)
Ex: It is vital that everybody get there before the examination begins.
It is essential that the car be waiting at the airport.
It is imperative that products be tested carefully.
In such sentences, the present subjunctive can be replaced with the less formal should + infinitive:
Ex: It is vital that everybody should get there before the examination begins.
Trang 3515.2 After verbs such as
to advise (that) to ask (that) to command (that) to demand (that)
to desire (that) to insist (that) to propose (that) to recommend (that)
to request (that) to suggest (that) to urge (that)
Ex: Mike insisted that I try his new muffin recipe.
I suggest that your cousin apply at once.
The doctor recommended that he not play in the next match.
Donna requested Frank come to the party.
The present subjunctive can be replaced with should + infinitive in less formal styles: Ex: I suggest that your cousin should apply at once.
15.3 Negative, continuous and passive forms of subjunctive
The Subjunctive can be used in negative, continuous and passive forms
- Negative Examples:
Ex: The boss insisted that Sam not be at the meeting.
I suggest that you not take the job without renegotiating the salary.
- Passive Examples:
Ex: Jake recommended that Susan be hired immediately.
We suggested that you be admitted to the organization.
- Continuous Examples:
Ex: It is important that you be standing there when he gets off the plane.
EXERCISES
1 In this exercise you will have to choose the correct word to complete the sentence.
1 I can’t stand him He always talks as though he everything
A knew B knows C has know D had known
2 His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad
A will take B would take C take D took
3 The law requires that everyone his car checked at least once a month
A has B have C had D will have
4 He was busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting
A would come B would have been C could have been D would be
5 .the fog, we should have reached our schoo1
A Because of B In spite of C In case of D But for
6 –“What will you do during winter vacation?”
–“I don’t know, but it’s about time something.”
A I decided B I’ll decide C I’d decided D I’m deciding
7 The two strangers talked as if they friends for years
A should be B had been C have been D were
8 Without electricity, what ?
A will the world be like B would the world be like
C the world will be like D the World Would be like
9 My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible
A is taken B must be taken C be taken D has to be taken
10 .here yesterday, he would attend the lecture with us today
A Had he been B If he were C Were he D Should be he
11 His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk
A had been B was C be D should be
12 He insisted that he really very tried and that he _to have a rest
A be / be allowed B was / must be allowed
C should be / must be allowed D should be / be allowed
Trang 3613 I Would rather she tomorrow than today
A come B came C should D has come
14 The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules
A obeys B obey C will obey D Would obey
15 Without electricity, human life quite different today
A is B will be C would have been D Would be
2 Transformation
1 She asked him to fix the computer
She requested that
2 The judge told the lawyer to be quiet
The judge insisted that
3 My supervisor said it would be a good idea for me to accept this new position
My supervisor suggested that
4 "Give me a refund," John told the clerk
John demanded that
5 " Can you work this weekend?" Sue's boss asked
Sue's boss asked that
6 "Take a vacation," our boss told us
Our boss insisted that
Key:
Transformation
1 She asked him to fix the computer
She requested that he fix the computer
2 The judge told the lawyer to be quiet
The judge insisted that the lawyer be quiet
3 My supervisor said it would be a good idea for me to accept this new position
My supervisor suggested that I accept this new position
4 "Give me a refund," John told the clerk
John demanded that the clerk give him a refund
5 " Can you work this weekend?" Sue's boss asked
Sue's boss asked that she work this weekend
6 "Take a vacation," our boss told us
Our boss insisted that we take a vacation
16 NOUN CLAUSES
Noun clauses can begin with …
16.1 A question word:
- where he lives - what one says -
- who the man is - how she survives
16.2.“whether” or “if”
- whether she will stay - if she will stay -
16.3 A question word + TO infinitive
16.4.“that” clause
- that he is innocent - that she knows three languages -
16.5 Wh-ever words: however, whatever, whenever, wherever, whichever, whoever,
whomever
Noun clauses perform the same functions in sentences that nouns do:
1 A noun clause can be a subject of a verb:
Ex: - What Billy did shocked his friends
- That Billy jumped off the pier surprised everyone
Trang 37- Whether Fred can get a better job is not certain
2 A noun clause can be an object of a verb:
Ex: - Billy’s friends didn’t know why he didn't come to the party.
- We didn’t know that Billy would jump.
- Can you tell me if Fred is here?
- George eats whatever is on his plate.
3 A noun clause can be an object of a preposition:
Ex: - Mary is not responsible for what Billy did.
- Billy didn’t listen to what Mary said.
4 Noun clauses as subject complements:
Ex: - The truth is (that) Billy was not very smart.
- The winner will be whoever runs fastest.
EXERCISES
I Choose the correct option.
1 I don't know _ she will be admitted to the university
A whether B what C which D who
2 _ she will be admitted to the university is not clear
A What B Whether C Which D Who
3 I don't know _ he went to Izmir last week
A where B why C who D which
4 I'm sorry I didn't understand you said to me
A which B what C where D whenever
5 I'm afraid I don't know _ happened at school yesterday
A where B which C what D why
6 His main argument, scientific laws have no exceptions, was considered unreasonable
A which B that C what D who
7 It is essential _ she change her job
A that B what C who D which
8 We don't know we have to do
A that B what C whether D which
9 She doesn't know she will leave
A what B which C when D where
10 Could you tell me I can get to the station?
A what B that C how D where
II Rewrite the following sentences
1 He's lying to you I'm sure
Trang 381 He's lying to you I'm sure
I'm sure that he's lying to you.
2 You did something It is unforgivable
What you did is unforgivable.
3 Some people are coming to the meeting I don't know how many
I don't know how many people are coming to the meeting.
4 She may have passed her exams I don't know
I don't know if she has passed her exams.
5 Where are we going to meet tonight? Have you arranged that?
Have you arranged where we are going to meet tonight?
6 How is she? Do you know?
Do you know how she is ?
7 They're getting married I'm delighted
I'm delighted that they're getting married.
17 INVERSION
- Inversion means putting the verb before the subject.
Example 1: I have never seen such a beautiful rose.
Example 2: Never have I seen such a beautiful rose
- Here are some guidelines and examples
After negative adverbial expressions:
Under no circumstances can we accept credit cards.
In no way can he be held responsible.
At no time did she say she would come.
Not until I heard my name did I believe I had won the race.
After adverbial expressions of place :
Round the corner came the postman.
On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.
After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', and ‘little’:
Seldom have I seen such a beautiful view.
Rarely did he pay anyone a compliment.
Never had I felt so happy.
Little did he imagine how dangerous it would be.
After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.
Hardly had I begun to speak when I was interrupted.
Scarcely had we started our meal when the phone rang.
No sooner had I arrived than they all started to argue.
After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only' and 'not only’:
Only after the meeting did I realize the importance of the subject.
Only when the plane landed safely did he calm down.
Not only was the car slow, it was also very uncomfortable.
Conditionals with inversions
Should you see Nigel, give him my regards.
Were I in your shoes, I would make a formal complaint.
Had I known it was her birthday, I would have bought her a gift.
After exclamations with 'here' and 'there' :
Here comes the winner!
There goes all our money!
Trang 39Inversions with "as"
Elisabeth was too shy to dance, as was Gerald.
She decided to leave early, as did Gerald.
In these sentences "as" indicates the similarity between two things
Inversions with "so" and "such"
So excited were they that they couldn't sit still.
Such was their excitement that they began to jump up and down.
Note that "so" is followed by an adjective and "such" can be replaced by "so great" (So great was their excitement that ).
A We had arrived hardly B We have hardly arrived
C Hardly we had arrived D Hardly had we arrived
1 On no account should you tell him about my trip to China
2 No way are you going to get me to eat that!
3 Seldom have I seen such a brilliant goal
4 Hardly ever has such a hurricane happened in Hereford
5 At no time were they aware of the danger that threatened them
6 Under no circumstances must this leak out to the press
7 Rarely have we witnessed such artistry
8 No sooner had we managed to get across than the bridge collapsed
9 Only by offering him a bribe were we able to cross the border
B PHẦN VIẾT LẠI CÂU
1 PASSIVE VOICE
Trang 401.1 Passive voice dạng bình thường
- Động từ có dạng: BE + V 3
- VERB ở thì nào Be ở thì đó.
- Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn trước By
- Trạng từ chỉ thời gian sau By
- Các trạng từ được đặt giữa BE và V 3
1.2 Sau những động từ chỉ ý kiến: say, think , believe, report, rumour,
Active: S1+ verb1 ( say/ believe/ think ) (that) + S2+ verb2
Passive:
Cách 1: It + be + V1(pp) + (that) + S2 + verb 2
Cách 2: S2 + be + V1(pp) + verb 2 (to-infinitive/ to have + pp)
Ex: People say that he was crazy
→ It is said that he was crazy Or
→ He is said to have been crazy
Ex: People say that money brings happiness
→ It is said that money brings happiness
→ Money is said to bring happiness.
Exercises:
1 They didn’t look after the children properly
The children
2 Tom has eaten some of the cakes
Some of the cakes
3 All the ministers will see him off at the airport
7 The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant
All the workers of the plant
8 Somebody has taken away some of my books