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Phn HIROCACBON Bi s 4.1 t chỏy hon to n mt hirocacbon A ri h p t h ht s n p h m chỏy vo mt bỡnh ng du n g dch C a (0 H ) S a u th nghim th y lng bỡnh tng 26.24 gam Lc th u c 20 gam k t ta un sụi nc lc m t thũi gian li thu dc 10 gam k t t a na Khi cho mt lng A b n g ỳ n g lng dc hn hp c gm s n ó t chỏy tr n vi clo 300c th u p h m d n x u t cha clo c a A l ng p h õ n ca n hau vi hiu s u t 100% Hn hp c cú t khụi hi so vi H n h hn 93 Xỏc nh cụng th c ca A v tớnh th n h p h n % theo lng mi c h t hn hp c Bi gii Vn lớ thuyt liờn qu an Trong phn ng thhalogen ca ankan, thc nghim cho thy, nu coi khỏ nng phn ng ca Cj - H l thi kh nng phỏn ng ca Cj - H v C - H nh sau: C - H CI r H C - H Clo hoỏ 27c 3,9 5,1 Clo hoỏ 100c 4,3 7,0 Cltỡ hoỏ 300c 3,3 4,4 Brom hoỏ 127c 82 1600 A + 02 > C + H 20 Khi d n s n p h m chỏy vo d u n g dch Ca(OH).> th ỡ hi nc ng n g t cũn CO cú p hỏn ng: C02 + Ca(OH )2 -> C a C + H 20 ( 1) cú thụ cú: 53 2C02 + Ca(OH )2 -> C a (H C 3)2 (2) m binh tng = m C0, +m H:0 un núng nc lc li th u c k t t a chng t cú (2) vỡ: C a ( H C 3) C a C 3i + C 2t + H 20 (3) (l)'t2)'(3)- - Z > e O : = n CaCO,(l) + 2nCaCO,(3) = ừ + 2X jếế = 0,4mo1 , - , 4 _ n -> n H20 = -^ - = 0,48mol 10O-, < n H20 -> A l a n k a n CnH.,n + CnH 2n + + ^ - io n C + (n + l) H 20 4M ằ _ n _ = _2i -> n = A : C 5H 12 n +1 0,48 T a Cể: C 5H 19 + nCl > C 5H l nCln + nHCl M c _ 72 + 4,5n d c / H = = -~ Y < , - > n = l , , J _ n c 5h 12 ch 3- ch 2- c h 2-c h 2-c h 3 > 11 > 10 >6 > CH c h CH C H S dn x u t clo ch3 ch3 c h c c h ch3 A l: CH CH CH CH (n = ) CH 54 CH CH CH CI i Cl Cl I3 CH3 CCI CH;, CH i CH, c i l CII2 CH, L C12,300C CH-, : ch3 - ch3 Cl CH CH CH CH2CI i ch3 K h n n g p h n n g vi clo ca H - c : H - c 11 : H - c 111 = : 3,3 : 4.4 % C H C H C H CH = l00% = 30% I I Cl ' 6.1 + 2.3,3 + 1.4,4 CH Tng t: % C II3 CCI CM2 c h , = 22% CII % CI C H C H C H = 33% CH3 C1 % c h c h c h c h 2c i = 15% CH ú l % mi c h t v s mol c n g l % v lng ca mi c h t chỳng cú lng p h õ n t b n g n h a u B i s ụ - h e x e n tỏc d n g vi N BS tro n g CCI c gỡ? Cho s : h 3c ch3 CH Cl2,F e B Cl2,a sk t ^ NaOH c NaOH i E t, p Cumen(A) 55 Cỏc p h n ng u din theo t l mol : , cỏc c h t ghi trờ n s d u l sn phm chớnh Vit cỏc phng tr ỡn h p h n ng v cho b it c chờ cỏc p h n ng t A -> B, B -> c Gii thớch s to th n h s n phm chớnh ca hai p h n ng ny Bi gii Vn lớ thuyt lin qu an NBS o c h c c h 2- OH ii CH c: % o o // c \ NH + NH, c h o Br ằ c / \ NBi CH, c / o o Sucxinimit Axit Sucxinic CH2 c // N - ò r o m s u c x in im it N B S brom hoỏ anken cho dn xut alyl m khụng ng chm n ni ụi o o // // C H , c c h c \ C H , c / \ NH NBr CI I3C Cl = CI CH 3CF Cỡ = CH2+ c h Ir o c / o Kh n n g p h n n g th h a lo g en c a n g u y ờn t H m t s hp ch t - C/o hon isopropylbenzen (Cumen) v toluen 80 c (tng lng) ầH3 \\ a ò / - ầ - C H ( 1.0) H a ^ t (3.2 C H H H (12,8) - Cio h o 75 c c h c h (1.0) (3 7) ch2 (2 ) CH Cl ( 8) H ,c CU, 1I3C CH CH + [\ ,c - / CH3 Fe, t - CI CH, + h 3c / CH HC1 CH C Cl + Cl askt- ằ + HC1 (C) Cl h 3c C1 c h , h 3c C Cl ch3 C OH NaOH + + Cl NaCl (D) N g u y n t C1 l i n k t t r c t i p v i v ũ n g b e n z e n k h ú b t h u p h õ n d o c ú s g i i t o e l e c t r o n c a C1 v o v ũ n g b e n z e n n h h i u n g + c H3C CH3 H 3C C OH /C H ầ OH + N aO H t p IL ằ + NaCl OH (E) C c h p h n n g A -+ B P h n n g L h eo c c h t h e l e c t r o p h i n v o n h õ n t h m S EA R 3C12 + 2Fe 2FeCl + SFeCl + Cl Cl FeCl 57 ch3 ch3 ch3 CH V 'cl H 5+ C1 FcC14 + FeC H â Cl Phc H Hđ + FeClđ - F e C l + HC1 Do gc (C H 3)^CH- cú h iu n g +1 l nhúm th loi I n ờn n h hng p h n ng t h tip theo vo v tr ortho v p a N ờn giai on to phc a cú th cú hai phc sau: CH3 , c h c h ,c h -clớ tl Cl (I) H ( l H (II) Cl Do gc (C H 3)CH- cú s ỏ n ng v k h ụ n g g ia n n n d n n Cl+ khú t n cụng vo v trớ ortho n n phc (II) khú h ỡn h t h n h hn Cho n n s n p h m c h ớn h l: ch3 ch3 sc Cl C c h p h n n g B -ằ c P h n n g t h th eo c chờ gc S, gm cỏc cỏc giai on: - Khi m o p h n ng: C1 58 as *> C f P h ỏ t tri n m ch l,c CH, H ,c cl \ A Ci + HC1 C1 C1 H ,c CH, \ CH, h 3c ch3 c C1 C1 C1 C1 C n h vv - N g t mch Cl' + c f- R* + C R* + C1 - R C1 R' CH Vi gc t R : C1 \ CH Trong giai on p h ỏ t tri n m ch cú th sin h cỏc gc sau: H ,c CH h 3c /C H V CH C1 (I) Gc (I) bn hn cú h iu n g bn hn ch cú h i u n g +H +c ca vũng b ezen v h i u n g +H Gc (II) kộm Nờn s n p h m c h ớn h l: CH; HnC x c C1 C1 9-MSCHVBTHHCd 59 Bi s 4.3 Vit p hng tr ỡn h p h n n g cho stire n , toluen, xilen, cum en, n - propylbenzen tỏc d n g vi d u n g dch K M n T ron g cụng n g h ip phenol v axeton cú th iu c h b n g p h n ng xi hoỏ c u m e n bi oxi k h ụ n g khớ H óy vit phng tr ỡn h p h n ng c c h c a p h n ng Bi gii R iờng s tir e n cú k h n n g tỏc d n g vúi d u n g dch KMnO.} n h i t thng ch = ^ C H CH ch2 + K M n + 4H20 QJ OH oh + M n + 2K 0H Cỏc c h t cũn li ch tỏc d n g k h i u n núng CH COOK + K M n04 o + 2M n + KOH + H COOK CH + 4K M n0 H3C \ / CH Q I ô COOK + M n ỹ + KOH +2H20 ch3 COOK + 18 M n + K2CO + K O H + 9H">0 + 18KM n04 COOK CH 2CH 2CH + 10K M n0 COOK ch = ch + 10KM n0 **3 + M n + 3K 2C + KOH + 4H20 Lu : - Cỏc gc h iro cacbo n no hoc k h ụ n g no ni või vũng b e n z e n u b oxi hoỏ ct m ch bi d u n g dch K M n k h i u n nún g to r a benzenpolicacboxylic 60 a x it benzoic hoc ax it Mt sụ a x it t o t h n h oxi hoỏ cỏc c h t trờn : COOI COOI COOH COOH o o Axit benzoic II 3C COOH COOH Axit terephtalic Axit isophtalic A\it phta lie / CH CH OH h 2s o + + o CH ầ CH ẽẽ o C ch: H3C ch , h 3c ch3 CH c o + o H3Cx / CH H,c \ ' / CH HOO CH, c Q J + h2o2 h 3c 3\./ c ch 3, H ,c + \ CH3 / C OO' o H 3C x H 3C x C 0 * /( CH * h 3c ch3 \ c OOH / c o 61 â h 3c ch3 h 3c ch, H3C CM ch3 C OOH CH c ođ H+ ng phõn hoỏ O Ă f e o c h c c h lớ o + f o ' OH ^ HOH -H+ O Bi s 4.4 Khi cho isobutilen vo d u n g dch H9SO4 60%, un núng ti 80c th u c hn hp gi t t l i - isobutilen gm h c h t ng p h õ n ca n h a u A v B Hiro hoỏ hn hp n y c hp c h t c q uen gi l isooctan c l c h t c d ự n g ỏ n h giỏ nhiờn liu lng c cng cú th c iu c h b n g p h n ng trc tip c a isobutilen vi isobu tan cú m t a x it vụ c lm xỳc tỏc H óy gi tờ n th n h A, B, c c theo IU PA C v vit cỏc phng t r ỡn h p h n ng gii thớch s to Bi gii H 2S - H + + HSO, â ụ+r * r â CH 3-*-C=ớ=CH + H (l) *ằ c h c c h L CH CH CH ụ+ c h c c h + CH C c h CH3 ' â CH3 C CH C CH (2) CH CH ch3 ầH-, i CH â _ Zaixep CH, ầ CH2 ầ CH, - r iằ CH, CH;, CH, c CH = c CH, Ic h L ch3 CH, (A) (> 80%) CH3 C CH2- C = C H L CH, 62 ! CH} (B) (< 20%) C õ u 35 P h n n g sa u cho s n p h m no sụ" cỏc s n p h m sau: 11 11 HC(CH 2)4CCH â â + Na OCH 2CH H ,c a) o o 11 r vy j c c h b) cch3 c) d) ch3 C õ u 36 N h ng c h t no sa u õy cú th s d n g tro n g p h n ng anol to th n h s n p h m ch a nguyờn t c? I A x e tan e h it II Axeton III B e n za n eh it a) I, II c) I, III b) III, IV d) IV A xetophenon II, IV C õ u 37 H óy ch r a s n p h m chớn h t chui p h n ng sau: o o CH 3CH 2OC(CH 2) 5CO CH 2CH NaOCH 2CH H 3O â o COCH 2CH o 1/ a) c o c h 2c h o ^ cch o V ''Y c) u )L _ r b) C õ u 38 Cho chui p h n n g sau: / CH 2COOCH 2CH NaOCH 2CH Q CH 2COOCH 2C H S n p h m c h ớn h th u c l: CO CH 242 H 3Qđ o C õ u 39 Sn phm chớnh thu c t chui phn ng sau l: socu CH3CH2OH nO H ' = -; C H i COH 9 .11 1 \ t a )C H 3CCHCCH C H 3C H 2O N a H3c r NH3 - - C H 3CH2OH \ b) CH 3CCH 2CNH c) d) C H ,C H = C H C N H N NH C õ u 40 T h t t n g d n tớn h baz ca cỏc nhúm a m in tro n g cỏc hp c h t sa u l: NH I h n = c n h c h 2c h 2c h 2c h c o o h I c h 3c h 2n h nh2 ỡ 111 II a) I, II, III MSCHVBTHHOUC b) II, III, I c) III, II I d) I III II 243 Phn 13 P N CC CU HI TRC NGHIM Cõu c) Cõu l i a ) Cõu 21 d) C õu 31 a) Cõu c) C õu 12 b) C õ u 22 c) C õ u 32 cl) C õu c) C õu 13 c) C õ u 23 b) C õ u 33 a ) C õu c) Cõu 14 b) C u 24 b) C õu 34 d) C õu a) C õu 15 a) C õ u 25 d ) C õu 35 a) C õu c) C õu 16 a) C õ u c) C õu 36 a) C õu c) C õu 17 c) C õ u 27 a) C õ u 37 a) C õu b) C õu 18 b) C õ u 28 a ) C õ u 38 a ) C õu b) C õu 19 b) C õ u 29 c) C õu 39 b) C õu 10 b) C õu 20 b) C õ u 30 a) C õu 40 b) Phn 14 P Sễ PHN BI TP T GII Bi sụ 1.15 a COOH ô/HệệcSj CH b CH *ầH ầ H CH Br I CH I 11 n r 151 Br- H H- Br 111 n r LSI H Br Br -H Br CH COOH CH COOH CH HOOC HOOc ') HOOC COOH coon COOH d CH C H C H C H C O O H i i i ềH ểHểH COOH COOH H -OH HO -H HO H -OH HO -H H -OH HO H H -OH HO -H H -OH HO H CH CH -H H -OH H HO -H H -OH HO -OH ch3 HO -H CH H -OH -H -OH CH, on CH COOH COOH HO H H CH COOH COOH -H HO H HO -H -OH -H CH 245 CHO HO H -H COOH HO -O H H C H ,OH coon CHO -H HO -H HO -H -O H HO -H HO -H COOH COOH CH2OH Axit (-) tactric Axit mcsotactric b C H C H ầ H *CHCH OH CH H CH, OH HO H C2H5 C2H5 CH HO H / T 11 \ C 2H Bi s 1.16 CH BrH H Cl b HO D CH H H OH H H D CH 246 COOH CH c H -C H H -ch COOH CH b H2N l HO II CH HO OH Bi sụ 2.14 M = 20 * P h õ n t H - F M = 48 c 2h 5f = 1,80Debye fi = 1,91 Dcbye cú th to liờn k t hiro -H F- kh ụng to liờn k t hiro Do cỏc p h õ n t H - F to liờn kt hiro liờn p h õ n t vi n h a u bn vng n ờn cú n h it sụi cao hn CH N CH ; CHyCH CH2 NH ch3 Nhit si: 3c 49c gia cỏc p h õ n t CH3CH2CH2NH2 cú k h n n g to liờn k t h iro -N - H N - ; cũn gia cỏc p h õ n t (C H 3)3N kh ụng cú liờn k t h i ro v p h õ n t cng knh hn nờn cú n h i t sụi th p hn Bi s 2.15 / H H N/ V ' N' 'S I H r H T ớnh axit 247 Bi sụ 2.16 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 c h 3c h c h 2c h 2c h (l) CH3 ( ) c h 3c h 2c h c h 2c h c h c h c h c h , T ch3 ch3 (3) ch3 L (4) T h t gim d n n h i t sụi: ( ) > (3) > (2) > (4) N h i t sụi gim d n theo mc p h õ n n h ỏ n h Bi s 2.17 CH2 COOH > CHy I COOH > CH3-*-COOH no2 Cl -I I mnh OH n H ch3 H C 6H 5N H - C O C H + C H 3COOH P h n ng khụng xy tip n a nguyờn t N k h ụ n g cũn tớn h nucleofin NH h n o 2, Br NO b NH N.Cl H N 2, HCl Fe/HCl KI CN CuCN N 2HSO h b f4 250 n 2b f MCI A kộm bn hrtn B, A to th n h nhanh hn B Bi sụ 6.11 ^ CH, r- CH, CH CH I ểH H+ CH CH đ0H2 (A) Bi sũ 7.18 A: CH, CH CH2 COOH OH B: CH C H = C H COOH C: CH3 c CH ỡ Bi s 7.19 COOH COOH COOH H COOH (A) -MSCHV BTHHX COOC 2H CU COOC.Hs CgHsQNa^ c o o c 2h ^ / '1 - C H ,- ^ x c o o c 2h C* * K \ / COOC 2H , h , o h * ^ c h c h c i h o o c - c h 2- c h 2- c h 2- c o o h C 2H5OCO COOC 2H5 COOC2Hg r CH^ CiH^ONa ^ â / c ,l c o o c 2h Axit glutaric CC)OC,Hs C l - C H 2COOC 2H=0 \l / H CH3CI - HC1 N-CH3 \l Hv ^COOCH, H Q H 5COC1 - N-CH3 OCOC6 Hs 254 COOCH3 \ A + CH3OH / H2, Ni A > = - N-CH3 \l H COOCH3 OH TI LIU THAM KHO Trỏn Quc Sn, 1974 C s lớ thuyt hoỏ hu c, Tp I Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni Trn Quc Sn, 1979 C s lớ thuyt hoỏ hu c, Tp II Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni Phan Tụng Sn, Trn Quc Sn, ng Nh Ti, 1976 C s hoỏ hc hu c, Tp I Nxb i hc v T ru n g hc chuyờn nghip, H Ni Phan Tụng Sn,Trn Quc Sn, ng Nh Ti, 1980 C s hoỏ hc hu c, Tp II Nxb i hc v Trung hc chuyờn nghip, H Ni Ngụ Th Thun, 1999 Hoỏ hc hu c - Phn bi Nxb Khoa hc v Kỡ thut, H Ni ng Nh Ti, 1998 C s hoỏ hc lp th Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni ng Nh Ti, Trn Quc Sn, 2001 Hoỏ hc hu c Nxb i hc Quc gia H Ni Nguyn Duy i, Nguyn Tinh Dung, Trn Thnh Hu, Trn Quc Sn, Nguyn Vn Tũng, 2002 Mt s chn lc ca hoỏ hc Tp Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni Nguyn Minh Tho, 2001 Hoỏ hc cỏc hp cht d vũng Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 10 Nguyn Trng Th, 2000 Olympic hoỏ hc Vit N am v Quc t, Tp Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 11 Hong Minh Chõu, Ngụ Th Thun, H Th ip, o ỡnh Thc (hiu ớnh ting c), Trn Thnh Hu, Nguyn Trng Th, Phm ỡnh Hin, 2003 Olympic hoỏ hc Vit Nam v Quc t, Tp Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 12 Nguyn Trng Th, * 2003 Bi chun b Kỡ thi Olympic Hoỏ hc Quc t ln th 35 Bn dch 13 Hong Nhõm, Nguyn Vn Tũng, 1995 Ti liu giỏo khoa thớ im Hoỏ hc 11 Ban khoa hc t nhiờn Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 14 Trn Quc Sn Ti liu giỏo khoa chuyờn Hoỏ hc - Hoỏ hc 11-12 Tp I Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni, 2001 15 Lờ Huy Bc, Nguyn Vn Tũng, 1986 Bi Hoỏ hu c Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 16 Nguyn Tinh Dung, Hong Nhóm, Trn Quc Sn, Phm Vn T, 2002 Ti liu nõng cao v m rng kin thc Hoỏ hc trung hc p h thụng Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 17 o Hu Vinh, 1999 C s lớ thuyt Hoỏ hc trung hc p h thụng Nxb Giỏo dc, H Ni 18 Estelle K Meislich, Ph.D Herbert Meislich, Ph.D Joseph Sharefkin, Ph.D., 1994 3000 Solved problems in Organic chemistry Volume International Editions 19 S Bank & J Bank, 1997 Test Bank to accompany Introduction chemistry First Edition William H Brown to Organic 255 NHft XUT BềN I HC QUC Gin Hề n i 16 Hng Chui - Hai B Trng - H Ni in thoi: (04) 9724852; (04) 9724770; Fax: (04) 9714899 Chu trỏch nhim xut bn: Giỏm,c: PH N G Q U C BO Tng biờn tp: NGUYN b ỏ th n h Biờn tp: IN H Q uc THNG Ch bn: IN H Quc THNG Trỡnh by bỡa: NGC ANH MT s CU HI V BI TP HểA HU c Nó s: 1K - 68 H2007 li 1.000 cun, kh 19 X 27cm ti Cụng ty c phn KOV S xut bn: 381 - 2007/CXB/29 - 64/DHQGHN, ngy 25/5/2007 Cuyt nh xut bn s: 497 KH/XB It xong v np lu chiu quý III nm 2007 [...]... C H CH 2 - C H C H 2 + NaOHd 1 C1 1 C1 1 C11 1 ^ C H 2- C = C H 2 + NaCI + H20 C1 C H 2- C = C H 2 + 1 C1 + Z n C l2 (B-) CH 2 C H CH + 1 C1 C H 2= C = C H 2 Zn I1 C1 + NaCl + H 20 CH 2= C = C H 2 + Zn - Z nC l 2 (B') 1C1 c h 3 c h = c h 2 + C l2 ^ C H 3 C H C H ? 1 C1 1 C1 C H , = C H CH, (CH3)3CX)K _ q (CH,) 3C 0 K 'C H 2= C = C H 2 c h 3 c h c h 2 < CH 3 C H = C H (CH3)3COH (CH3)3CX)H... Br + Br2 BrCH 2 CH 3 ch3 ch3 ch2 H2C - CH CH 3 + Br2 *ằ CH 2 CH 2 C H CH 3 I I Br Br 3CH3 CH ==CH CH 3 + 2K M n04 + 4H 20 3CH 3 CH CH CH 3 OH OH + 2 M n 0 2 + 2KOI CH 3 1 3CH 2 = C CH 3 + 2 K M n 4 + 4 H 20 3CH2 CH 3 + 2 M n 0 2 + 2KOH 1 i ch3 ch oh ũh i 2 H2C -C H C H 3 + K M n 0 4 * khụng phn ng CH3 C H =C H CH3 + HOH CH3 CH2 CH CH3 C H 3 OH ir CH3 C = C H 2 CH,... C H 2 c ^ CH2 c 1 P d /P d C 0 3 H2 * + I ềH H \ / \ h o h 2c c h 2o h (B ) c h H \ 3 _ / H c = c ^ h o h 2c / + ằ 2 K M n 0 4 + 4 H 20 3 h c h 2o h 2o h -O H -O H + 2M n 02 + 2KOH C H 2O H meso - E r it r it o l( B ) cCH h 2o h C H 2O H H H HOH \ Ê + H XC CH H,O ,OH H H 1 O H / ^ H O H HO + H- -H -O H o OH C H 2O H C H 2O H D - Eritritol L - Eritritol + HCOOH H Na/NH 3 CH 2 c ^ c CH 2 OH... C 10H 20 th o ọ m a n lọ: CH C H , CH 2 C CH = C C H 2 CH 3 CH CH Bai so 4.6 H oan t h ọ n h p h ọ n Cfng theo d ọy bien hoọ sau: Propilen CI CC1 B' Bai giọi C H 2 = CH - C H 3 + Cl 2 400~50QC > C H 2 = CH - C H 2C1 + HCl (A) C H 2 = CH - C H 2C1 + N a 2C 0 3 + H 20 - C H 2 = C H -C H 2OH + N a H C 0 3 + N aC l (A1) 65 c h 2= c h c h 2 + C l 2 c ' 4*" c h 2 C H c h 2 C1 C1 C1 ( R) CH2- C H... = C H 2 + 5 K2Cr 20 7 f 20 H 2S0 4 - 3 CH3COOH+ 3 C p 2 + 5Cr 2( S0 4)3 + 5K2S04 + 23 H2Q 3 Xỏc nh cu trỳc ca anken bng phn ng oxi hoỏ ct liờn kt ụi Xoỏ b 0 v nụi cỏc c Sn p h m ozon p h õ n CHv CH=f O c>4=c C H 3-C H O +(C H 3 )2 CO - II X p u V u 1, u / (CH 2) 3 \ sp 2 C u to ca anken CH, CH, CH,C H = C ^ CH, V ; c h ,ch 2c CT^CHi c==0 0 =f C CH2CH, 1 .* 1 CH, CH, = cch 2c h , CH, CH, ch2 CH... H 3 COOK C H , C ^ C H + NH 4N O 3 14K M n4 i + 5K 2C 0 3 + KHCO 3 + 14Mii 02 + H20 I COOH COOK AI HC1 + I K 2C 0 3 + 2HC1 -> 2KC1 + KHCO3 + HC1 -> KC1 + C 0 2t C 0 2t M n 0 2 + 4HC1 -> M n C l 2 + + + Cl2t KC1 H 20 HoO + 2 H 20 Br C H , C ^ C H CH 2 c C H Br I + Br 2 Br 2 Br Bi s 4.14 A v B l h a i hp c h t h u c ng p h õ n ca n h a u cú M < 25 0 v ch cha hai nguyờn t A gN O yN H j 8 0 A J W ,... u th o ỏ t ra 86 + H20 C2H 5 - NH + H N 02 C2H 5OH + N 2t + H 20 A m in thm bc 1 to muụi iazoni: C6H3 NH2 + H N 0 2 + HC1 CC 6H 5 N - N ] c i e + 2H20 Phenvliazoni clorua un núng u n g dch nc ca muụi iazoni th u c phenol v k h ớ No: c 6H n^ n ] C 10 + H20 - ^ C6H5 OH + N2 t + HC1 - A m in bc 2: K hụng cú kh ớ th o ỏ t ra v to k t t a m u vng (C H 3 )2 NH + HO NO -> (CH 3 )2 N - N = o i + HoO im... CH 2 c ^ c CH 2 OH + 2H c= c h o h 2c ềh H c HOH2C c; c h 2o h (C) ' / H CH2OH CH2OH CH2OH KM 11O 4 loóng H ** HO H 1 i n -O H + -H H 111 OH c h 2o h CH2OH ~v -(Cj) o H C H 2O H 'c=c"\ X Q O H , H h o h 2c C H 2OH H c OH H HoO OH H C H 2OH (C 2) Bi s 4. 12 1 V it ph ng t r ỡn h p h n n g t r ự n g hp c a b u ta ie n - 1,3 v cho b i t c u trỳ c ca s n p h m to th n h 2 V it c u trỳ c c a... ng cng HBr, peoxit C H 3 - CH = C H 2 + H B r peox" > C H 3 - C H 2 - C H 2Br T rỏ i quy tc Maccopnhicop C ch cng gc: 73 Peoxit -* gc t do R R + H B r -ằ RH Br + Br + C H 3 - CH = C H 2 -> C H 3 - CH - C H 2Br (bn hn C H 3C H B rC H 2 ) C H 3 - CH - C H 2Br + H B r - CH 3 - C H 2 - C H 2Br + Br 4 Phn ng hiro bo hoỏ C H , C H = C H 2 I.BH c h 3 c h 2 c h 2o h 2 H 20 2/ Na0H Phn ng chy qua giai on to phc... I.BH c h 3 c h 2 c h 2o h 2 H 20 2/ Na0H Phn ng chy qua giai on to phc vũngcng hp cis): CH,-ằ CH CH, CH, CH CH2 *-CH3 C H f- CH2 fụ t ụ+ H BH2 1 _ ò u , 2 Phn ng bn trung tõm (CH 3CH 2CH2)3B H2O 2/ OH 0 - - H3BO3 bh2 CH3 c h 2 c h 2 OH 5 Phn ng Diel - Alder ch2 20 0c CH 2 300atm ch2 ien ienophin - ien tham gia phn ng cú cu dng s cis(s - single bond) - ienophin tham gia phn ng gi nguyờn cu ... -2R2c = o + h 2o + HIO, L LH H R2C CR2 + Pb(OCOCH3)4 R2C= + CH3COOH + Pb(OCOCH3 )2 OH OH *Phn ng oxi hoỏ 1 ,2 - iol bng H I0 xy qua este peioic dng vũng: o R ,ct-CR 2R2C = + HIO R2C CR2 +...2C 02 + Ca(OH )2 -> C a (H C 3 )2 (2) m binh tng = m C0, +m H:0 un núng nc lc li th u c k t t a chng t cú (2) vỡ: C a ( H C 3) C a C 3i + C 2t + H 20 (3) (l)'t2)' (3)- - Z > e O... PTP: o (CH 3 )2 CH C H N + NaOH CH 14-m s c h v b t h h u c (CH 3) 2CH c n / ch3 â Na â + H20 m o 99 hno2 CH, (C) CH3 (CH3)2CH CH N 2- ớ^ t ( C H 3 )2 CH CH NH2 CH3 CH, (B) c h 3c h 2- c c h