Thiết kế bài giảng sinh học 11 nâng cao (tập 1) phần 2

Bai 12 ANH HirdNG C O A CAC NHAN TO MOI TRLTONG OEN HO HAP I MUC TIEU Kien thurc - HS trinh bay duge mdi lien quan chat ehe giiia hd hap va nhiet d6, ham lugng nudc, ndng dp Oj va CO2 - Giai thich dugc qua trinh van dung mdi lien quan giiia hd hip va cac didu kien mdi trudng bao quan nong san, thuc phdm, rau qua KT nang Ren mot so kT nang: - Phan tich tdng hgp - Tu logic - Hoat dpng dpc lap, hoat dpng nhdm - van dung kieh thiic vao thue tidn II THIET B! D A Y - H O C - Tranh hmh, dd thi SGK phdng to - Giao trinh sinh li thuc vat (cao dang su pham) Dd thi: Mdi quan hp giiia nhiet dp va hd ha'p A - Tac dung kich thich ciia nhipt dp B - Tac dung pha huy nguyen sinh chat cua nhipt dp C - Dudng cong thuc nghipm cua cudng dp hd hap phu thupc nhipt dp (T tdi im = 40oC) Tit nhiet dp tdi thap deh nhiet dp tdi uu, ho hap tang tuy^n tinh (trang 172 sdch Sinh li thitc vat cao ddng sUpham) III HOAT DONG DAY - HOC Kiem tra - HS trinh bay tdm tat cac giai doan cua qua trinh ho hap - Tai ndi hd hap dugc xem la qua trinh sinh li trung tam ciia cay xanh? Trong tam - Mdi lien quan chat che giira cac nhan td nhiet dp, ham lugng nude, ndng dp O2 ddi vdi thuc vat - Vail de bao quan nong san 128 Bai mdi Md bai: GV gidi thipu vd mpt thi nghipm nhu sach GV hudng dan va yeu cau HS hoan cac npi dung bang "anh hudng cua mdi trudng de'n su mdm ciia hat" Dieu kien moi tn/cfng Qoi tUdng chon HSA -O2, CO2, nhiet dp, nudc HSB - Oa, anh sang, nhiet d6 nudc HSC - O2, nU6c, nhiet Ket qua - GV hdi: + Hat m^m c^n nhan td mdi trudng iiao? Hat mdm lien quan de'n qua trinh hd hap nhu the nao? - Tii y kie'n cua HS, GV dan dat vao npi dung bai hoc Hoqt dpng 1: Tim hi^u anh hirdng cua cac nh^n to' moi trudng den ho ha'p Muc tieu: - HS chi dugc mdi lien quan chat che gifla cac nhan td moi IrUdng va hd hap.* - HS phan tich duge dd thi - HS tha'y dugc tinh thdng nh^t giua cSfu tao va chiic nang Hoqt ddng cua GV Hoqt dpng cua HS Npi dung Anh hudng cua nhiet - GV neu v ^ dd: tai he hap phu thupc chat che - HS nghien cdu SGK k^: dp vao nhiet dd? hgp vdi kien thiJc bM 11 dd tra Idi, yeu eau neu dugc: - GV danh gia y ki^n ciia HS va khang dinh co sd khoa hpc cua anh hudng ciia nhiet dp d^n he hap - GV bd sung kieii thdc: + Ban chat ciia qua trinh hd hap + Hoat ddng ciia enzirn phu thuoc vao nhiet dP vi enzim cd phdn la prdtein + Hd hap man theo qui tac - HS khai quat ki6i thtrc ciia Vant Hoff la he sd 9-SINH HOC n/KNC) 129 Hoqt dpng cua GV Ndi dung Hoat ddng cua HS nhiet dp cua phan dng bang 2, tdc tang len 10''C thi tdc dp phan ling tang len * Co sd anh hudng ciia lan nhiet dp d^n hO ha'p + Thuc vat la co the sdng - nen qui tac Vant Hoff chi phan ung hoa hoc vdi su dung mpt gidi han xdc tac ciia cac enzim nha't dinh (O - < 40'*C) - Bi Hd hap bao gdm cac - Hoat dpng cua enzim phu tim hieu gidi han thupc vao nhiet dp nhiet dp cua hd hap GV yeu cau: + Quan sat hinh 12.1 SGK trang 51 + Quan sat so dd quan he giira nhiet dp va hd ha'p + Chi cac gidi han nhiet - HS quan sat tranh hinh so * Gidi han nhiet dp cua ho dd ha'p - Trao ddi nhom - Xac dinh: Nhiet dp tdi thap, nhiet dp tdi uu, nhiet dp tdi da -> Tha'y dugc mdi quan he giiJa ca'u tao va chiic nang - Nhiet dp td'i thap: (Tir O^C-J-IO'C) + La nhiet dp ma cay bat din cd bidu hien hO ha'p + Nhiet dp td'i thap cdn thupc vko loai cay d vung sinh thai khac - Nhiet dp tdi uu (ttr 3Q"C 130 - HS cd thd thac mac: -> SS^C) + Nhihig cay sd'ng d sa mac ndng nhu Sahara van phat tridn dugc binh thudng vi sao? + La nhiet dp ma cudng dp ho ha'p dat gia tri cao nhat - Nhiet dp tdi da (tir 40 45°C), d nhiet dp qua cao Hoqt ddng cua GV Hoqt dpng cua HS Ndidung + Vung bang tuyet thOng la thi protein bi bie'n tinh, ca'u nhpn vln hd ha'p dugc vi true chat nguyen sinh bi sao? pha huy, cay chet - GV di ldp thao luan tu tra Idi cau hdi va nha'n manh ki^n thiic: nhiing thuc vat sdng d viing cue ndng va viing cue lanh da thich nghi dac biet vdi mdi - HS nghien ciiu SGK trang trudng Ham lugng nudc - GV hoi: nude eo vai tro 51 muc 11ttaIdi nhu the' nao Uong qua trinh -Yeu cau neu dugc: ho hap? + Vai tto dung mOi + Tham gia vao hP ha'p - HS tra Idi -> ldp nhan xet bd sung * Vai tro cua nudc dd'i vdi - HS cd thd minh hoa bang hd hdp vidu: - Nudc la dung mPi, moi Hat thoe, ngd phoi khd cd trudng cho cac phan ling dp am khoang 13%, cd hoa sinh xay ttong hO cudng dp hP ha'p ra't thap ha'p - Tham gia ttuc tiep vao viec dxi hoa nguyen lieu h6 hap * Ham luong nUdc vd cudng dd hd hdp - Cudng dp ho hap ti le thuan vdi ham lugng nude eiia CO the, co quan ho hap - GV bd sung kien thiic: + Khi tang ham lupng nudc hat len 30 - 35% thi - Ham lugng nude eo quan hd ha'p cang cao thi cudng dp hd ha'p cang cao 131 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoat ddng cua HS cudng dp hd hap tang len Ndi dung va ngugc lai hang nghin lan + Hd hap tang chii yeu la hd hap vo hipu lam khdi hat ndng len + Vdi rau qua tuoi thi dp am bao hoa hay gan bao hoa thi cudng dp ho hap la - HS nghien ciiu SGK trang Anh hudng cua nong 51 m u e n Aii O2 va CO; nhd nhat - Yeu cin neu dugc: - GV hdi: anh hudng ciia + Hoat dpng chu yeu ciia ndng dp O2 va COj ddi vdi Pxi ttong ho ha'p ho hap dua uen co sd khoa + Ham lugng CO2 ttong hpc nao? moi trudng * Co sd khoa hpc - GV nhan xet danh gia va - Oxi tham gia true tiep giup HS hoan thipn kie'n vao dxi hoa cac chat hihi co thlie hd hap - Oxi la chat nhan dipn t& cudi ciing ttong chudi chuydn dipn tit, sau dd hinh nudc - CO2 la san p h ^ eiia qua Uinh hd hap - Cae phan ling dd giai phdng CO2 vao khdng la phan ilng thuan nghich - HS nghien ciiu SGK ttang 52 - Khi ham lugng CO2 mdi trudng cao thi phan - GV hoi: Ndng dp Pxi va - Phan tich hinh 12.2 va tta ling chuydn dich theo chidu ndng dp COj Idi: nghich va ho hap bi lie eh^ quydn anh hudng tdi hP + So sanh ndng dp CO; khPng va ttong te bao * Anh hudng cua nong dp O2 hap nhu the nao? + Neu ndng dp oxi giam se 132 ~ Ndng dp O2 ttong khong Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt dpng cua HS anh hudng de'n cay ttdng Npi dung giam dudi 10% -^ hd hap bi anh hudng - Ndng dp O2 giam xudng dudi 5% -> cay chuydn sang phan giai ki * anh hudfig cua nong dp CO2 - Ham lupng CO2 ttong khPng thap - GV nhan xet va bd sung ki^n thiic - Ne'u ham lugng CO2 tang cao se lie ehe' hP hap Hoqt dpng 2: Ho ha'p va van de bao quan nong san Muc tieu: - HS giai thich dugc viec van dung mdi lien quan giiia ho hap va cac didu kien moi trudng vipc bao quan ndng san - Lien thuc tidn Hoqt ddng cua GV Hoqt ddng cda HS Npi dung Muc tieu cua bao quan - GV neu vah dd: muc tieu ciia viec bao quan - HS van diang kig^n thtic da nPng san la gi? hpc d mPn cPng nghe 10 dd - GiiJ duoc deh miic tdi da tta Idi sd lugng va chat lugng cua dd'i tugng bao quan sudt qua trinh bao quan - GV hdi: + Trong qua ttinh bao - HS van dung kie'n thiic quan, nguyen, nhan nao eua bai 11 va thuc t^ viec lam n6ng san bi hu hong? bao quan ndng san + Co sd khoa hoc cua vipc - Thao luan nhanh bao quan ndng san la gi? nhdm ddttaIdi - Yeu c^u neu dugc: + Trong qua trinh bao quan 133 Hoat ddng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS Ndi dung cd nhidu nguyen nhan lam hong nong san, dd la vi sinh vat, chupt bp, hoat dpng ho hap ciia chinh ndng san + Co sd khoa hpc: nong san la nhi5ng co quan, bp phan cdn* sd'ng nen vln hoat dpng hd ha'p Nen can lam giam hd ha'p d miic - GV nhan xet danh gia y thap nhat kien cua HS - GV din dat: thuc t^ ngudi can khdng che' ho hap nhung phai dam bao hipu qua bao quan cao -> Tun hidu hau qua eua hO ha'p ddi vdi viec bao quan - GV neu eau hoi: hd ha'p da gay nen hau qua nhu the nao cho nong san cho qua ttinh bao quan? - HS nghien ciiu SGK trang 52, 53 dd tra Idi - Yeu cin neu dupe hau qua chinh, dd la: + Tieu hao chat hiiu co + Dp am + Nhiet dp + Thanh phSn ~ GV nhan xet danh gia - HS trinh bay -^ ldp bd - HO ha'p tieu hao chat hiiu va yeu cin HS khai quat sung CO ciia nOng san kie'n thlie - HO hap lam tang dp im cua nPng san - HO ha'p lam tang nhiet dd 134 Hoqt ddng cua GV Hoqt dpng cua HS Npi dung mdi ttudng bao quan - HS van dung ki^n thlie dd - HO hap lam thay ddi - GV neu cau hdi thao thao luan nhdm thdng nhat phan mOi luan: ttudng bao quan y kien, yeu cau neu duge: + Tai hd hap cua nong + Trong thdi ki dinh dudng san ttong qua trmh bao eua cay tieu hao chat hiiu quan lai bi tieu hao chat CO hd hap dugc bii lai hihi ccf? blng hoat dpng quang hpp, + Vi ho hap lam tang tirong bao quan thi khdng dp in\ ciia nong san? cd su bii lai chat hiiu co ma + Viec tang nhiet dp chi cd bi tieu hao, hd hap mOi trudng bao quan gay cang manh nOng san phan nen anh hudng gi? huy cang nhanh + Thanh phan ttong + Dua vao phuong ttinh hO mOi uudng bao quan thay hap biet dugc qua trinh hd ddi nhu the nao? ha'p sinh nudc, lugng nudc se dupe tich tu va tang dp am ciia nOng ph^m, va dp £m vugt qual3% thi hd hap tang va vi sinh ' vat phat trien + Trong hd hap cdn sinh nhiet tu lam tang nhipt dp khdi nong san va kich thich hoat dpng phan huy cua cac vi sinh vat + Khi hd hap tang thi lugng O2 giam, lucmg CO2 tang nhidu ttong mOi ttudng bao quan thi hd ha'p cd thd chuydn sang hO hap ~ GV nhan xet danh gia y y^m se phan huy nhanh kie'n thao luan eiia cac chdng cac cha't hiiu co 135 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS Ndi dung nhdm va dua van dd: dd ttong nOng p h ^ tang hieu qua ciia cdng tac bao quan ndng san phim thi phai cd bien phap gi sau thu - HS cd the tta Idi " hoach? + Thu hoach nhanh gpn + Khdng che' hd hap cua ndng san - GV hdi: tai cac bipn phap bao quan ddu nham mpt muc dich giam miic tdi thidu cudng dp hd hap? - HS sft dung kieh thiic da tie'p thu dugc ttong bai dd tra Idi: Cac bien phap bao quan + Muc dich eiia bao quan la bao tdn sd lugng va chat lugng cho vat bao quan + Hd hap manh se tieu hao nhanh chat lugng - GV yeu c^u: em hay van dung kieh thiic bp mdn eOng nghe 10 ttinh bay cac bipn phap bao quan ndng san - HS cd thd ttinh bay qui trinh bao quan ndng san + Bao quan luong thuc + Bao quan rau qua tuoi - GV tdm tat: gidi han bai hpc ehi tim hidu bien phap bao quan chii yeu dd la: bao quan khd, bao quan lanh, bao quan - HS cd the dua vi du vd nhd ndng dp COj bao quan mdt sd ndng san a) Bdo quan khd - Hat dugc phoi khO vdi dp am khoang 13 - 16% tu^ theo timg loai hat - Bao quan hat ttong cac kho Idn + Bao quan thdc ttong kho b) Bdo qudn lanh Silo - Da sd cac loai thuc ph^m + Bao quan san lat khO rau qua 136 Hoqt dpng cua HS Hoqt ddng cua GV Ndi dung + Bao quan khoai lang tucri - Ndng san dugc giir bang cat kho cac kho lanh, tu lanh d cac + Bao quan theo each ngan cd nhiet dp khac truydn thdng bang chum, vai, thiing phuy - c) Bdo qudn dieu + Bao quan rau qua tuoi kien ndng dp CO2 cao gay dc chehd hdp bang chieu xa - Xac dinh ndng dp COj thich hgp ddi vdi cac ddi tugng bao quan va muc dich bao quan * Cung cd: MO'i hen quan thuan giiJa ho hap vdi cdc ye^u td moi ttudng la co sd dd ed bien phap bao quan nOng san nham giam tdi da tieu hao vd chat lugng va sd lupng nOng san - Sir dung cac kho kin cd ndng dp CO2 eao hon - Sir dung tui polietilen IV KI^M TRA DANH GIA - GV cho HS ve d6 thi hoac so dd bidu thi mdi lien quan gifta hd hap va cac ye'u td mdi trudng - Co sd va cac bipn phap bao quan ndng san V DAN DO - Hpc bai tra Idi cau hdi SGK - Chuan bi bai thuc hanh + HS dpc trudc bai 13 + Mdi nhdm chu^n bi loai la: khoai lang, la dau, la san day (ne'u cd) cdn turn 137 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS Npi dung - HS khai quat ki^n nhiing - GV dan ddt HS khai quat thlie: kieh thlie + Hipn tugng van dpng bat mdi + Co che hoat dpng + Ket luan * Hien tuqng - Viing dim l^y, dat cat ngheo mudi natri, mudi khoang khac, thi^u dam - cay cd la bieh dang dd bat sau bg * Ca che - Khi mdi cham vao la ttuong luc nudc giam siit -> Cac gai, tua, Idng cup, ndp day lai giii chat mdi - Cac tuye'n tren cdc Idng ciia la tiet ezim phan giai prdtein cua mdi - Sau vai gid nap, gai, I6ng, tua ttd lai binh thudng * Ke't luan - van dpng bat mdi d thuc "vat la nhd siic truong nudc cua te' bao c) Khdi niem iJcng dpng HS van dung kieh thiic khdng sinh trudng - GV dan dat: tir hai hipn tugng ling ddng d eay trinh SGK trang 95 tra Idi - CSig dpng khdng sinh nii va cay an sau bg, em trudng la cac van dpng cd hay khai quat khai lien quan dd'n siic truong nipm vd ling dpng khdng nudc, xay su lan truydn sinh ttudng kfch thich cd nhidu phan - GV nhan xet va bd sung ling nhanh d cae midn 243 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS Npi dung chuyen hoa cua co quan kie'n thiic - La van ddng cam flng manh me eac chSh dpng va cham co hgc tJhg dpng sinh trudng * Khdi niem - Lfiig dpng sinh ttudng - HS nghien ciiu SGK thudng la cdc van dpng theo + Lfiig dpng sinh ttudng la trang 96 tra Idi chu ki dong ho sinh hgc TI"? gi' - Chg ddng la nhiing van dpng ciia co the va co quan thuc hien theo ttmg thdi gian nhSit dinh ttong anh hudng eua anh sang, nhiet dp hoocmdn - GV hdi: * Cdc kieu dng ddng sinh trudng - GV gidi thipu khai quat - HS quan sat tren ttanh mpt sd kidu ling - Nhan xet dpng sinh trudng + Qua'n vong thuc hipn theo - GV yeu c^u HS chu ki + Quan sat ttanh hinh 24.3 + Tua qua'n cd thd quay tii hay m^u vat that trai sang phai hay ngugc + Nhan xet hinh dang ciia lai v6ng qiian + Qua'n theo hinh dang ciia vat the bam - HS nghien ciiU SGK ttang 97 - GV hdi: 244 - van dpng kidn thiJc bai 23 vd hoocmdn sinh ttudng a) Vdn dpng qudn vdng (van dpng tao gian, van dpng xoan de) Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS Npi dung + The nao la van dpng di tra Idi qua'n vdng? + Van dpng dinh sinh - Ye'u td nao chi phdi su trudng, chop van dpng qnin vdng? + Cd thd hoocmdn - HS tra Idi ->• ldp nhan - GV nhan xet danh gia va xet bd sung kie^n thiic - GV cho HS quan sat ttanh hinh so dd vd sinh trudng xoan dc ciia tua cudn cay dau dd hidu them vd hinh thlie van dpng q u ^ vdng * Khdi niem - van dpng quah vdng la hinh thlie van dpng sinh ttudng sinh ttudng khdng ddng ddu, khdng phu thupc vao m6i trudng - Van dpng qua'n vdng su di ehuydn dinh, ehdp ciia than leo cac tua cudn Cac tua cudn tao cae vdng gidng di chuyen hen tuc xoay quanh true cua nd - Khi than qu^n quanh mpt vat thi te' bao keo dai nhieu hon txtn phan ngoai phfa dudi cua than so vdi bd mat ttong d phfa tten va dan d^n sinh trudng qua'n - Phan ling qua'n la ke't qua ciia vipc tt'ch luy auxin tten bd mat dudi eua than, lam td bao keo dai manh hon so 245 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt dpng cua HS Npi dung vdi bd mat tten, dd than sinh ttudng khdng ddu rdi van va qua'n quanh vat - Hoocmdn giberelin cd tac dung kich thfch van dpng - Quan sat hinh 24.4, 24.5 b) Vdn dpng nd hoa SGK - HS van dung nhOng hidu biet va quan sat thuc t€ di + Hay cho biet cac hipn tra Idi tugng nd hoa thuc te + Hoa mudi gid nd liic 10 + Su nd hoa cd Uen quan gid ttua tdi ye'u td nao? + Hoa quynh nd budi tdi - GV yeu cau HS + Hoa hudng duong + Hoa nd lien quan ddn anh sing va nhiet dp - GV tdm tat y kieh cua HS va khai quat van dpng - HS tdm tat kieh thiie nd hoa bao gdm cam ling theo nhipt dp va cam ling theo anh sang * Hien tU0ig van dpng nd hoa - Cam ling theo nhiet dp -t- Hoa nghp tay mang khdi phdng lanh, cd anh sang va nhipt dp thfch hgp ->nd + Hoa mudi gid nd Itic ihh sang d nhiet dp 20 - 25"C + Hoa tuylfp nd d 25 see (Giam l"C hoa ddng lai, tang len 3°C hoa bat din nd) 246 Hoqt ddng cua GV Hoqt dpng cua HS Npi dung - Cam ling theo anh sang: + Hoa cue khep lai ban dem va nd cd anh sang + Hoa quynh va hoa da huong nd ban dem - GV giang giai bd sung ki^n thiic + Hoa me dai nd liic sang sdm * Gidi thich: - van dpng nd hoa su sinh trudng kh6ng ddng d^u d hai phfa hay bd mat cua cac CO quan sinh trudng - Phan ling md cua m ^ hoa cudn cong ttd lai cua la bac va cac bp phan - HS nghien cihi SGK ciia bao hoa ttang 96 hinh khai - van dpng nd hoa Uen niem quan den su dSn truydn - HS lay vf du cay rau cai auxin va ttang thai can budi chidu la cup xudng va bang hoocmdn xoe lai vao budi sang hoac c) Van dpng ngu, thUtc la cd anh nang gay gat * Khdi niem - GV neu cau hdi - HS nghien ciiu SGK + The' nao la van ddng thlie trang 98, ket hgp vdi ttanh ngu ciia thuc vat? hinh 24 SGV trang 119 tra Idi hien tugng ngu d la, - GV yeu c^u HS neu cac chdi, hat, cii hien tugng ngii ciia thue vat van dpng ngii, thirc la su van dpng ciia co quan thue vat theo chu ki nhip dipu ddng hd sinh hgc, theo dieu kien mdi ttudng * Hien tuqng ngu ciia thuc vdt - GV nhan xet va bd sung kieh thiic vd hien tugng - HS ti^p tuc nghien ciJu 247 Hoqt dpng cua GV ngu bat buoc va nghi sau Hoqt dpng cua HS Npi dung SGK ttang 98 - GV hdi: nguyen nhan su - Trao ddi nhanh nhdm ngu, nghi d thuc vat la gi? - Cd the neu duge: - La cay hg dau, hg chua + Didu kien ngoai canh me xofe kfch thfch va thay ddi khep lai ngu theo anh + Nhip dipu dem cua sang, nhipt dp - Chdi ngu didu kipn m6i trudng btft lgi - Hat ngu cac hoat ddng sdng giam thidu - GV nhan xet va bd sung ki^n thiic + Trang thai ngu bat bupc ciia hat, chdi gap didu kipn b^t lgi, n^u thuan Igi hat mim va dam chdi nhanh -HSedthdlafyvidu: + Nguyen nhan hipn tugng + Hat phoi khd giii dugc lau —> gap dp am m&n ngii thuc vat • Didu kipn sdng thay ddi + cay bang rung la vao mba ddng, miia xuan • Tfch luy chat lie che' sinh trudng (axit apxixfc) va + Vd hat, vd cu bdn viing nhidu chdi non giam ham lugng eac chat khdng thain nudc hat kfch thfch sinh trudng (nhu khdng mim dugc auxin, gibereUn) + Hat chua chin xong vd mat sinh li, cdn vd qua da - HS khai quat ki^n thiic vd chfn trudc: dd la hipn y nghia ciia hipn tugng ngii tugng Ipch pha ciia thuc vat - Trong thuc tidn san xuSt - HS nghien ciiu SGK cd bipn phap nao dd k^o ttang 98 dd tta Idi dugc: * Ket luan: dai hay danh thiic chdi + Sue dung hoa chat ngii? Su ngu cua thue vat la phan + Sir dung nhiet dp ling ihich nghi cua cay va trd mpt dac tfnh cua - GV nhan xet va bd sung loai kien thiic 248 Hoqt dpng cua GV Npi dung Hoqt dpng cua HS * Keo dai hay danh thiic + Phoi khd bao quan hat chdi hat ngu cac kho lanh hay kho Si!6 dd han che hat mim - Danh thlie chdi, hat ngu - HS cd the la'y vi du: + Mpt sd cu cua hanh, tdi (pha ngu nghi) lay on th^p nhipt dp cd + Loai bo vd cling hay cha the ttdng dugc xat cho mong ldp vo + X^p ldp cilng eat im + Dting ch3^t kich thfch sinh trudng can thipp vao su can bang hoocmdn + Xii K nhiet dp th^p - Keo dai ngu cua hat, chdi: dung hoa ch^t didu hoa sinh ttudng dd lie chd su m ^ Hoqt dpng 3: Vai tro va umg dting ciia umg dpng d-thuc vat Muc tieu: - HS chi vai trd ciia dng dpng dd'i vdi ddi sd'ng cua thuc vat - Th^y ro dng dung thuc tidn cua cac ling dpng smh trudng Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt dpng ciia HS Npi dung - GV neu vin de dudi dang eau hoi: + Didu gi xay n^u nhu la eiia nhiing cay sdng d viing dat ngheo dinh dudng khdng bi^n dang dd bat sau bg, sii dung cha't dinh dudng ciia chiing? - HS thao luan va tta Idi dugc: + viing dit ngheo dinh dudng bp rd cd lan rdng cung khdng thd My duge 249 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS + Ne'u khong cd su rung la miia ddng gia lanh thi su sd'ng ciia cay se nhu the nao? chat cin thiet cho cay Vi vay, la phai hiin dang dd "bat va tieu hoa sau bg la ngudn dinh dudng chii yeii cho cay Npi dung + Mua dOng nhipt dp thap, khd hanh, su thoat hoi nudc rai manh, ne'u la van cdn thi su thoat hcfi nudc qua la se lam cho cay bi rdi loan, mat can bang sinh If va chet - Tii cac v^n dd th^o luan GV cd th^ hdi: + Van dpng cam ling' ciia thuc vat cd vai trd nhu the' - HS tiPp tuc thao luan va neu dugc: nao? + Trong san xu^t, + Vai trd eua dng ddng ddi ngudi da lgi dung kha nang vdi thuc vat eua thuc vat dd lam gi? + Tao nen su da dang sinh gidi - GV nhan xet danh gia va + t!5ig dung bao quan hay yeu dn HS khai quat kidn kieh thich hat san xuat thlie - Dai dipn cac nhdm tra Idi -»ldp nhan xet ^•Vai trd: - HS khai quat v^n dd: - tSig dpng cd vai trd thfch • Vai ttd cua ling dpng nghi da dang vdi bidn ddi • Lfiig dung ttong san \nit cua mdi trudng nhu anh sang, nhiet dp, dam bao cho eay tdn tai va phat ttidn vdi tdc dp nhanh hay cham 250 Hoqt dpng cua GV Hoqt ddng cua HS Npi dung theo nhip dipu sinh hgc * Ung dung: - Vdi cay nhap npi c ^ dam bao nhipt dp, anh sang eho qua trinh hoa - Cd thd thiic day nhanh hoac kim ham chdi ngii them hoac thiic sdm theo nhu c^u cua ngudi I - Ket luan chung: HS dgc ket luan SGK * Cung cd': ling dpng la cac van dpng ciia thuc vat gitip chiing thich nghi vdi mdi trudng IV KIEM TRA DANH GIA GV yeu c^u HS hoan bang so sanh ling dpng khdng sinh trudng vdi ling dpng sinh trudng LTng dpng sinh trucfng LTng dpng khdng sinh trUcIng - Khai nipm - Loai Cmg dpng - C/ng dung V DAN DO - Hgc bai tra Idi cau hdi SGK - Dgc muc "Em cd bidt?" - Cac nhdm chudn bi cho bai thuc hanh: chudn bi cac thf nghipm SGK trang 100,101 Luu y; mdi nhdm lam thi nghipm 251 Bai 25 Thtrahanh: HL/6NG D O N G I MUC TIEU - Phan bipt c^c hudng dpng chinh; hudng dSt, hudng sang, hudng nude, hudng hoa - Thuc hipn cdng thf nghiem vd cac tinh hudng d vudn nha hay vudn trudng (lam trudc tii - 10 ngay) - Ren mpt sd kT nang: + Thao tac tidn hanh thi nghiem + Tinh kien tri, ti mi cdng vipc + van dung li thuydt di giai thich cac ke't qua thf nghipm II CHUAN Bj - Dung cu: + Hpp giay cd nhidu ngan due 16 thiing, tren nap cung due 16 (Iim y: cac Id xep lech nhau) + Cdc trdng cay, hpp nhua sudt, khay nhd bang ludi thep Id nho, day bupc + Den chie'u sang - Hoa cha't: phan dam - Mlu: hat dau, hat ngd mam * Mdi td chia th^nh nhdm va mdi nhdm tien hanh trudc thi nghipm d nha III TIEN HANH Kiem tra GV kidm tra ph&i chudn bi cua cac nhdm Trong tam - HS lam dugc cac thf nghiem vd tinh hudng dpng va van dung If thuye't dd giai thich kdt qua Cach tien hanh Hoqt dpng 1: Thao luan thi nghiem hudng ddng Hoqt dpng cua GV vd HS Npi dung - GV yeu dn: + Cac nhdm ttinh bay thi nghipm vd ~ Dai dien cac nhdm I^n lugt ttinh bay each tie'n hanh thf nghipm hudng dat hudng dpng 252 Hoqt dpng cua GV vd HS Npi dung + Nhan xet v^ cac thf nghiem hudng sang, hudng nudc, hudng hod - Cac nhdm lan lugt gidi thieu cac hien tugng thi nghipm cua nhdm dd ldp cCing quan sat ghi nhd ~ Thao luan theo td vi ket qua thf nghipm - van dung li thuyei bai 23 de giai thich thf nghiem - GV nhan xet danh gia vd: ~ Dai dipn cac nhdm ttinh bay, ldp nhan xet + Kei qua thi nghipm + Van dung li thuyet dd giai thieh - GV dn luu y: •f Neu cd nhdm nao k^t qua khdng dat yeu cau thi GV cho ldp thao luan vd cac didu kipn eua thf nghipm Hoqt dpng 2: Hudng d^n bao cao thu hoach Cach tie'n hanh Hudng dat Giai thich * Thi nghiem 1: - chdi ciia than, sU - Mpt chau cay da - Sau mpt thdi gian phan bd auxin khdng dong deu, mat dudi than quay len mgc rd, than, la nhieu hon mat tren, - Treo ngUgc chau lam cho sU tang trudng cay de than quay d phia dudi than manh xudng dat hon n§n than udn cong quay len tren * Ttii nghiem 2: - Cho hat dau da - Re va than mgc dai - re va chdi nggn cd sU phan bd auxin mam dng tru dai khoi dng tru cm - Re cong xudng dat khdng ddng deu - Treo n^m ngang Hudng sang Ket qua va than quay len tren - Su tang trudng khdng deu d mat tren va mat dudi * Thi nghiem 1: - Dat chau cay dSu - Nggn cay se hudng 253 Cach tid'n hanh Ket qua Gtai thich • da cd re, than, la vao ve chd c6 anh sang day hpp - Hpp dugc khoet cac Id thOng d cac vj tri khac * Thi nghiem 2: Dat chau cay dau vao - Sau mpt tu^n chdi - Anh sang dugc chidu nggn cay vuon chd tCr mpt phia, ham lugng sat mpt nen den c6 anh sang auxin phan bd khdng deu Auxin phan bd it hdn d phfa dugc chieu sang, auxin d phia ddi dien Idn hon da thiic d^y sir phan bao v^ tang trudng ciia te bao -> cay mgc cong ve phfa anh sang Hudng nudc Hudng hoa - Hat dau mam - Re mgc xuyen qua lo dat vao khay nho thQng cfia khay -> bang ludi thep dung quay xudng mat cUa am - Rd udn cong ve phia - Treo khay nghieng mat cua ^m 45° - Dat cay dau S giufa mpt chide hpp nhua sud't - Rd cay c6 tfnh hudng dat dUdng ludn quay xudng va hudng nudc duong ludn tim ve phia CO ngudn nudc - Hp r l mgc vuon vd phfa c6 phan dam - Bon phan dam d mpt phia thfch hgp - R§ cay hudng vd phfa cac chcit khoang can thi^t cho sU sdng cOa te bao la hudng hoa duong IV DANH GIA - GV nhan xet gid thuc hanh - Danh gia kdt qua ciia cac nhdm V DAN DO - GV yeu cau HS don ve sinh Idp hgc - On tap vd cac hoat dpng phan xa ciia dpng vat cd xuong sdng va khong xtrong sdng 254 MUCLUC • LdlNOIoAu • Ph^n bdn SINH HOC CO THE Chuong I CHUYEN HOA VAT CHAT VA NANG LUONG A-Chuyen hoa vat chat va nSng lUdng d thi/c vat 5 Bai Trao doi nifdc thirc vat 17 Bai Trao doi ni/dc d thi/c vat (Tiep theo) 31 Bai Trao ddi khoang va nitd thi/c vat 42 Bai Trao ddi khoang va Nitd thUc vat (Tiep theo) 50 Bai Trao doi khoang va nito d thgc vat {Tiep theo) Bai ThUc hanh: Thoat hdi nudc va bo'trf thf nghiem ve phan bdn 67 73 Bai Quang hgp 84 Bai Quang hdp dcac nhdm thi/c vat B^i Anh hudng ci!ia cac nhan td ngoai canh den quang hdp 93 103 Bai 10 Quang hdp va nang suat cay Bai 11 Ho hap d thuc vat 116 Bai 12 Anh hudng cCia cac nhan to moi trudng den ho hap 128 Bai 13 Thuc hanh: tach chiet sac td tU la va tach cac nhdm sac to bang phUdng phap hoa hgc 138 141 Bai 14 Thuc hanh: Chtimg minh qua trinh hd hap toa nhiet 146 B - Chuyen hoa vat chat va nang lugng dpng vat 146 Bai 15 Tieu hoa 156 Bai 16 Tieu hoa (Tiep theo) 166 Bai 17 Ho hap 176 Bai 18 Tuan hoan 186 Bai 19 Hoat dpng ci!ia cac cd quan tuan hoan 200 Bai 20 Can bang npi moi 214 Bai 21 Thuc hanh: Tim hieu hoat dpng cCia tim ech Bai 22 CntapchUdngI 219 Chuong H CAM (JUG A - Cam ufng thuc vat Bai 23 HUdng dpng Bai 24 Cfngdpng ea/25 ThUc hanh: Hudng dpng 226 226 237 252 255 Thiet ke bai giang SINH HOC 11 - NANG CAO, TAP MOT TRAN KHANH PHUONG NHA XUXT BAN HA NOI Chiu trdch nhiim xudt bdn: NGUYfiN K H A C OANH Biin tap: PHAM Q u c T U X N Vebia: TAOTHUHUYfiN Trinh bdy: THAI SON - SON LAM Sda bdn in: PHAM QU6C TUAN In 1000 cudn, kho 17 x 24 cm, tai Cong ty Co phan In Thai Nguyen Giay phep xuat ban sd: 68-2009/CXB/67uTK- 06/ HN In xong va nop iuu chieu nSm 2009 SSch lien ket v6i Cong ty CO phan In va Phat hanh sach Viet Nam •iNPHAVI Ilii«'keBGSiaiilioclJ Tl fNcf Ph3t hanti tai Cong ty c^ phan in va Phat hanh sach Vi&t Nam vtin, l|l|ll!|II|||||jll| ||l||i Dia chi : 178 - Dong Cac - D^ng Da - Ha Npi DT: (04) 5H 5921 - Fax: (04) 511 5921 "^"'llllllllllllll I ^% 2018821 ! 29.000 D Gia: 29.000 d ... hinh nudc - CO2 la san p h ^ eiia qua Uinh hd hap - Cae phan ling dd giai phdng CO2 vao khdng la phan ilng thuan nghich - HS nghien ciiu SGK ttang 52 - Khi ham lugng CO2 mdi trudng cao thi phan... ki * anh hudfig cua nong dp CO2 - Ham lupng CO2 ttong khPng thap - GV nhan xet va bd sung ki^n thiic - Ne''u ham lugng CO2 tang cao se lie ehe'' hP hap Hoqt dpng 2: Ho ha''p va van de bao quan nong... giai la nhd enzim ciia cac vi sinh vat sdng cpng sinh da cd Mdi trudng da cd ra''t thuan lgi cho su phat tridn ciia cac loai vi sinh vat - Trong da cd cd cac hp vi sinh vat nhu * Vi thuc vat: bao