Thiết kế bài giảng hóa học 12 nâng cao (tập 1) phần 2

ChiFcng AMIN, AMINO AXIT, PROTEIN Baill.AMIN A MUC TIEU BAI HOC LKilnthiFC HSbiit: • Dinh nghia, cong thiic chung, dac diem cau tao, danh phap cua cac amin dien hinh • Tinh chat vat li: Quy luat bien doi dp tan, nhiet dp soi cua cac amin • Tinh chat boa hpc: Tinh bazo cua amin, phan ling the o nhan benzen ciia anilin HShiiu: • cau tao phan tir, tinh chat, ling dung va dieu che amin • Nguyen nhan gay tinh bazo cho cac amin, tai anilin khong lam quy, phenolphtalein doi mau? KT nang • Nhan dang cac hgp chat amin • Viet chinh xac cac phuong trinh boa hpc • Quan sat, phan tich cac thi nghiem chung minh cua amin • So sanh luc bazo giiia cac amin voi va voi NH3 Tinh cam, thai Hiiu dugc each giai quyet mau thuan giiia cau tao va tinh chit boa hpc ciia amin tao nen sir himg thii giai quyet van dl moi Thiy dugc tam quan trgng cac amin doi sing va san xuit gay hiing thu cho HS hgc bai 159 B C H U A N B! C U A GV VA HS • GV: - May tinh, may chilu, cac philu hgc tap - Hoa chit: NH3, anilin, metyl armn, nuoc cit, quy tun, nuoc brom - Dung cu: Ong nghiem, cap Ing nghiem, bg gia thi nghiem • HS: Xem truoc bai amin C TI^N TRiNH DAY - HOC Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cUa HS I KHAI NIEM, PHAN LOAI, DANH PHAP VA DONG PHAN Hogt dgng I.KHAINIEM GV chieu len man hinh cac cong thiic HS quan sat, thao luan: NH3, CH3NH2, CH3-NH-CH3, (CH3)3N - So sanh Yeu cau HS: So sanh cau tao cua NH3 + Giong nhau: deu co N"'' (boa tri III) voi cac chat lai Biet cac chat la + Khac nhau: NH3 c6 hidro lien ket voi amin tir d6 neu khai niem amin? N, cac chat khac co goc hidrocacbon lien ket voi N ciia NH3 - Khai niem: Khi thay the mot hay nhieu nguyen tic H phan tir NH} bdng mot hay nhieu goc hidrocacbon ta GV yeu cau HS: Lap day dong dang cua amin no don chiic, mach ho dugc amin HS thao luan: Tir cong thiic amin don gian nhat CH5N -> dong dang co dang CH5(CH2)kN -> Ck+iH2k+5N Dat k+1 = n -> CnH2n+3N (n> 1) GV: Tuong tu viet cong thirc tong quat ciia cac amin la dong dang cua C6H7N 160 HS: Cong thiic la CnH2n-5N (n>6) Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cua HS Hogt dgng 2 PHAN LOAI GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va dat vin HS thao luan va nhan xet amin phan de tra loi cac cau hoi lam loai thong dung la: - Co the chia amin nhiing loai a) Theo dac diem cau tao goc hidrocacbon + Amin beo: CH3NH2, C2H5NH2 nao? - Cho vi du minh hga + Amin thom: C6H5NH2, CH3C6H4NH2 - Neu khai niem bac amin + Amin di vong : pirolidin - Phan biet bac amin voi bac ancol b) Theo bac amin + Amin bac mot: CH3NH2, C6H5NH2 + Amin bac hai: CH3-NH-CH3, CH3NHC6H5 + Amin bac ba: (CH3)3N - Bac amin la so nguyen tir H phan tir NH3 bi thay the - Phan biet bac amin voi bac ancol: + Bac ancol la bac cua C lien ket voi nhom OH + Bac amin la so nguyen tir H cua NH3 bi thay the Hogt dgng 3 DANH P H A P GV chilu len bang 3.1 (SGK) len man HS quan sat ,thao luan dua nhan xet Co each gpi ten hinh cho HS quan sat va yeu cau: + Ten goc-chiic: co cau tnic - Co bao nhieu each ggi ten? Ten amin = Ank + yl + amin - Neu quy tac ggi ten amin? + Ten thay the: c6 cau tnic - Gpi ten cac amin sau day? Ten amin = Ankan + vi tri + amin CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-NH2 + Ten thong thuong chi ap dung cho (CH3)3C-NH2 mot so amin CH3-NH-C2H5 Vi du: C6H5NH2 anilin 0-CH3-C6H5NH2 161 Hogt dgng cUa GV Hogt dgng cUa HS GV bo sung: Neu co nhilu nhom chiic amin thi them cac tilp diu ngir di, tri Vidu: NH2-(CH2)6-NH2 hexametylendiamin GV chieu len man hinh bai tap len man HS thao luan: hinh cho HS thao luan Viet cong thirc cac amin co ten sau day: dimetylamin, phenylamin, benzylamin, Dimetylamin: CH3-NH-CH3 hexan-1,6-diamin, Phenylamin: C6H5NH2 o-metylpheylamin, etylmetylamin Benzylamin: C6H5CH2NH2 Hexan-1,6-diamin: NH2(CH2)6NH2 o-metylpheylamin NH2 Etylmetylamin: C2H5-NH-CH3 Hogt dgng 4 DONG P H A N GV yeu cau HS: Viet dong phan va gpi HS thao luan: ten cac chat co cong thiic phan tir CH3-CH2-OH ancol etylic C2H6O dimetyl ete CH3OCH3 GV gioi thieu: Tuong tu C2H6O thi HS thao luan: C4H11N la amin no, mach amin cung co cac dong phan vi tri ho, don chirc nhomN CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2 (1) Yeu cau HS: CH3-CH2-NH-CH2-CH3 (2) - Viet ten cac amin co cong thiic CH3-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3 C4H11N CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-NH2 - Phan loai cac amin theo bac CH3-CH(CH3)-NH-CH3 CH3-CH2-N(CH3)2 162 (3) (4) (5) (6) Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS (7) GV chieu len man binh bai tap sau: Sl (CH3)3C-NH2 amin thom co cong thiic phan tir C7H9N CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-NH2 (8) la (1), (4) (7), (8) la amin bac I (2), (3), (5) la amin bac II B A C D (6) la amin bac III HS thao luan cho ket qua: NH2 NH2 NH2 CH3 NH-CH3 CH2-NH2 Co dong phan chpn dap an B Hogt dgng II TINH C H A T V A T Li GV cho HS nghien ciiu SGK va yeu cau HS nhan xet ve: HS: Nghien ciiu SGK va nhan xet - Trang thai: - Trang thai (o nhiet dp thuong) Metylamin, dimetylamin, etylamin trimetylamin, la chat c6 mau khai - Sir bien thien ve dp tan kho chiu cac amin khac la chat long - Trang thai, mau sac, kha nang boa tan hoac ran ciia anilin - Giai thich tai anilin de lau - La cac hgp chat khong mau, amin dau deu tan tot nuoc, thir tu cac khong thi co mau den amin c6 tan giam theo chieu tang phan tir khoi - Anilin la chat long khong mau soi o 184 C, it tan nuoc, tan nhilu dung moi hiru co - De lau anilin ngoai khong thi co mau den anilin bi oxi khong oxi boa 163 Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS GV nhan xet va bo sung: tit ca cac HS quan sat amin deu dgc nhu nicotin, anilin GV chieu bang sau len man binh Chit C2H50H C2H5NH2 C3H8 t" 78,3°C 16,6°C -42°C I s va dat van de: Tai amin va ancol co phan tir khoi xap xi ma nhiet soi chenh lech rat Ion GV huong dan HS giai quyet van de HS thao luan va nhan xet - So sanh phan cau tao ciia chat - Deu CO phan tii khoi xap xi tren - Khac la do: - Yeu to nao anh huong den nhiet C3H8 gom CO C,H khong co nhom chiic soi C2H5OH CO nhom chiic hidroxyl - Tai ancol co nhiet soi cao C2H5NH2 CO nhom chiic amin nhat - Nhom chiic anh huong toi nhiet soi - Ancol CO nhom OH phan cue nen co lien ket hidro Vay amin co lien ket hidro hay khong? HS: Theo khai niem vl lien kit hidro Neu CO hay so sanh lien ket hidro cua thi amin co lien ket hidro ancol va amin Lien kit N-H.kem phan cue ban lien kit - H nen lien kit hidro cua amin yeu hon lien ket hidro ciia ancol GV yeu cau HS ket luan van de HS ket luan van de: Amin co lien ket hidro rit ylu nen co nhiet soi thap hon ancol va cao hon ankan 164 Hogt dgng cua GV Hogt dgng cua HS Hogt dgng III CAU TAO PHAN Tiy VA TINH C H A T H O A HOC Cach 1: GV yeu cau HS len bang viet cong thiic HS len bang viet cong thiic cau tao cau tao va neu dac diem cau tnic cua NH3 phan tir NH3 N H H H NH3 CO cau tao dang hinh thap dinh la N va dinh lai la H, tren nguyen tir N CO cap electron tu (chua lien kit) GV gioi thieu cho HS biet: Amin co HS len bang viet cong thiic cau tao cau tao giong voi NH3 Yeu cau mot N N HS len bang viet cau tao ciia metylamin, dimetylamin, trimetylamin, CH3 CH, H CH3 H H anilin dimetylamin metylamin N CH3 CH3 CH3 N n p^ H trimetylamin GV yeu cau HS du doan tinh chat boa H S thao luan v a nhan xet: hoc cua amin C6HC0 phan tir C Cacbohidrat la hgp chat da chiic cd chiia nhieu nhdm -OH va cd nhom >CO phan tir D Cacbohidrat la hgp chat cd cong thirc chung la Cn(H20)n Ddp dn B 2.27 Cho cac dung dich khong mau: HCOOH, CH3COOH, glucozo(C6Hi206), glixerol, C2H5OH, CH3CHO Dimg nhung cap chat nao cd the nhan biet dugc ca chat? A Cu(0H)2, quy tim, AgN03 dung dich NH3 B Quy tim, NaOH va AgN03 dung dich NH3 C Cu(0H)2, AgN03 dung dich NH3 va NaOH D Quy tim, AgNOs dung dich NH3 va H2SO4 Ddp dn A 2.28 Cho m gam bdn hgp glucozo, mantozo tac dyng hoan toan vdi dung dich AgN03/NH3 thu dugc 32,4 gam Ag Cho m gam bin hgp Glucoza, mantoza vao dung dich H2SO4 loang din thuy phan hoan toan Trung boa het axit sau dd cho san pham tac dung hoan toan vdi dung dich AgN03/NH3 thu dugc 45,36 gam Ag Khoi lugng Glucozo m gam hon hgp la A 10,8 gam B 14,58 gam C 16,2gam D 20,52gam Ddp dn C 2.29 Khoi lugng glucozo dung dl dilu chi lit ancol etylic vcri hieu suat 80% (khoi lugng rieng cua ancol etylic la 0,8 g/ml) la A 2,504kg B 3,130 kg C 2,003 kg D 3,507 kg Ddp dn B 2.30 Xenlulozo diaxetat (X) dugc diing de san xuat phim anh hoac to axetat Cong thiic don gian nhit (cong thiic thuc nghiem) cua X la A C3H4O2 Ddp dn B 280 B C O H H O ? C C|2H,407 D C,2H,405 ChiroTig III AMIN-AMINO AXIT-PROTEIN 3.1 Cong thiic nao dudi day la cong thiic chung cua day ding ding amin thom (chiia mot vong benzen), don chiic, bac nhit? A CnHzn - 7NH2 (n > 6) C C6H5NHCnH2n + (u > 1) B CnH2n + 1NH2 (u > 6) D CnHzn - 3NHCnH2n - (n > 3) Ddp dn A 3.2 Phan tich dinh lugng hgp chat hiru co X ta thiy ti le khoi lugng giiia nguyen to C, H, O, N la mc : mH : mo : mw = 4,8 : : 6,4 : 2,8 Ti khoi hoi ciia X so vdi He bang 18,75 Cong thiic phan tu cua X la A C2H5O2N B C3H7O2N C C4H10O4N2 D C2H8O2N2 Ddp dn A 3.3 Liy 9,1 gam hgp chat A cd cong thiic phan tir la C3H9O2N tac dung vdri dung dich NaOH du, dun ndng, cd 2,24 lit (do o dktc) B thoat lam xanh giay qui tim am Dot chay bet 1/2 lugng B ndi tren, thu dugc 4,4 gam CO2 Cong thiic cau tao ciia A va B la A HCOONH3C2H5; C2H5NH2 B CH3COONH3CH3; CH3NH2 C HCOONH3C2H3; C2H3NH2 D CH2=CHCOONH4; NH3 Ddp dn A 3.4 Cho cac dung dich ciia cac hgp chat sau: NH2-CH2-COOH (1); CIH3N-CH2-COOH (2); NH2-CH2-COONa (3); NH2-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (4); HOOC-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (5) Cac dung dich lam quy tim boa dd la A.(l),(3) B.(3),(4) G(2),(5) D (1), (4) Ddp dn C 3.5 Cho hon hgp hai amino axit deu chiia nhdm amino va nhdm cacboxyl vao 440 ml dung dich HCl IM dugc dung dich X De tac dung bet vdi dung dich X cin 840 ml dung dich NaOH IM Vay tao dung dich X thi A Amino axit va HCl cimg bet B Du amino axit C Du HCl D Khong xac dinh dugc Ddp dn C 281 3.6 Day chit nao sau day dugc xIp theo chilu tang din bac cua amin? A CH3CH2NHCH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NCH2CH3 B C2H5NH2, (CH3)2CHNH2, (CH3)3CNH2 C CH3NH2, CH3CH2NHCH3, (CH3)2NCH2CH3 D CH3NH2, (CH3)2NCH2CH3, CH3CH2NHCH3 Ddp dn C 3.7 Cho so d l phan ung: CH3NH2 ^^"^' > A "^' > B cac chat A, B so tren lan lugt la A (CH3)2NH, CH3CH2NH3CI B (CH3)2NH, (CH3)2NH2C1 C C2H5NH2, C2H5NH3CI D (CH3)2NH, CH3NH3CI Ddp dn B 3.8 Cac chat sau dugc sap xep theo thii ty tinh bazo tang dan: A C6H5NH2, NH3, CH3NH2, C2H5NH2, CH3NHCH3 B CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, NH3, C2H5NH2 C NH3, C6H5NH2, CH3NH2, CH3NHCH3 D NH3, C2H5NH2, CH3NHC2H5, CH3NHCH3 Ddp dn A 3.9 Hgp chit X luong tinh cd cong thiic phan tir la C3H9O2N Cho X tac dung vdi dung dich NaOH thi thu dugc etyl amin Cong thiic cau tao cua X la A CH3COONH3CH3 B HCOONH3C2H5 C HCOONH2(CH3)2 D C2H5COONH4 Ddp dn B 3.10 So dong phan amin bac cd cong thiic phan tir C4H11N la A B.3 C.4 D.5 Ddp dn B 3.11 Hgp chat X cd cong thirc phan tir la C9H17O4N, cd cau tao doi xiing Hop chit Y cd cong thiic phan tir la C5H704NNa2 cd so chuyin boa: ^ ^ dung dich NaOH ^ y Cong thirc cau tao cua X la 282 + "ung djch HCl ^ C H O N C I A C2H500CCH2CH(NH2)CH2COOC2H5 B CH3COOCH2CH(NH2)CH200CC3H7 C CH3COOCH2CH2CH(NH2)CH2CH200CCH3 D C2H500CCH2CH2CH(NH2)COOC2H5 Ddp dn A 3.12 Dot chay hoan toan m gam mot amin don chiic thu dugc 0,2 mol CO2 va 0,35 mol H2O Cong thiic phan tir ciia amin la A C4H7N B C2H7N C C4H14N D C2H5N Ddp dn B 3.13 De tong hgp cac protein tir cac amino axit, ngudfi ta diing phan img: A Triing hgp B Trimg ngung C Tnmg boa D Este boa Ddp dn B 3.14 Day gom cac chat deu cd kha nang lam doi mau qui tim la A C6H5OH, C2H5NH2 ,CH3C00H B CH3NH2, C2H5NH2, CH3COOH C C6H5NH2 va CH3NH2, C2H5NH2 D (C6H5)2NH, (CH3)2NH, NH2CH2COOH Ddp dn B 3.15 Hgp chat hiru co A chiia cac nguyen to C,H,0,N dd N chiem 15,73 % ve khoi lugng Chat A tac dyng dugc vdi NaOH va HCl va deu theo ty le 1:1 ve so mol Chat A cd san thien nhien va ton tai o trang thai ran Cong thiic cau tao cua A cd the la A NH2CH2CH2COOH B CH2=CHCOONH4 C HCOOCH2CH2NH2 D NH2CH2COOCH3 Ddp dn A 3.16 Cho so bien boa C 2112 H -A- -^B -D C6H5NH2 Cac chit A, B, D lin lugt la A CfiHe, C6H5NO2, C6H5NH3CI B.C6H6,C6H5C1,C6H5N02 C C6H,2, C6H6, C6H5NO2 D C6H6, C6H5NO2, C6H4(N02)2 Ddp dn A 283 3.17 Cho cac hgp chit hiru co: phenyl metyl ete, toluen, anilin, phenol Trong so cac chat da cho, nhimg chit cd thi lam mit mau dung dich brom la A Toluen, anilin, phenol B Phenyl metyl ete, toluen, anilin, phenol C Phenyl metyl ete, anilin, phenol D Phenyl metyl ete, toluen, phenol Ddp dn A 3.18 Hay sap xep cac chat sau day theo trat ty tang dan tinh bazo: NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2; (CH3)2NH va (C6H5)2NH: A (C6H5)2NH, NH3, C6H5NH2, (CH3)2NH, CH3NH2 B (C6H5)2NH, C6H5NH2, NH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH C (CH3)2NH, CH3NH2,NH3, C6H5NH2, (C6H5)2NH D NH3, CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, (CH3)2NH, (C6H5)2NH Ddp dn B 3.19 Hgp chat nao sau day khong phai la amino axit ? A NH2CH2COOH B HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH C CH3NHCH2COOH D CH3CH2CONH2 Ddp dn D 3.20 Cho X la mot amino axit Khi cho 0,0Imol X tac dyng vdi HCl thi dimg hit 80ml dung dich HCl 0,125M va thu dugc l,835gam muli khan Con cho 0,01mol X tac dyng vdi dung dich NaOH thi can dung 25gam NaOH 3,2%) Cong thiic cau tao cua X la A NH2C3H6COOH B C1NH3C3H3(C00H)2 C NH2C3H5(COOH)2 D (NH2)2C3H5C00H Ddp dn C 3.21 Cd the tach rieng cac chat tir bin hgp long gom benzen va anilin bang nhiing chat nao? A Dung dich NaOH, dung dich brom B Dung dich HCl, dung dich NaOH C H2O, dung dich brom D Dung dich NaCl, dung dich brom Ddp dn B 284 3.22 De phan biet cac dung dich glucozo, glixerol, andehit axetic, ancol etylic va long tring tning ta dimg: A NaOH Ddp dn C B AgN03/NH3 C Cu(0H)2 D HNO3 3.23 Trong cac chat: metyl benzoat, natri phenolat, ancol benzylic, phenyl amoni clorua, glixerin, protein So chit tac dung dugc vdi dung dich NaOH la A B.2 C.5 D.4 Ddp dn A 3.24 Trong cac chit: P-NO2-C6H4-NH2; P-CH3O-C6H4-NH2; P-NH2-C6H4-CHO; C6H5-NH2 Chit cd tinh bazo manh nhit la A P-NO2-C6H4-NH2 B P-CH3O-C6H4-NH2 C P-NH2-C6H4-CHO D C6H5-NH2 Ddp dn B 3.25 C4H11N cd so dong phan amin bac la A B.3 C.4 D.5 Ddp dn C 3.26 Cho 14,7 gam mot amino axit X (cd nhdm NH2) tac dung vdi NaOH du thu dugc 19,1 gam muoi Mat khac ciing lugng amino axit tren phan ling voi HCl du tao 18,35 gam muoi Cong thirc cau tao cua X cd the la A NH2-CH2-COOH B CH3-CH(NH2)COOH C.NH2-(CH2)6-COOH D HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH(NH2)COOH Ddp dn D 3.27 Trong cac chit: C6H5NH2, CH3CH2NHCH3, CH3CH2CH2NH2, CH3NH2 chat cd tinh bazo manh nhat la A C6H5NH2 B CH3NH2 C CH3CH2NHCH3 D CH3CH2CH2NH2 Ddp dn C 285 3.28 Cho so d l C8H15O4N + 2NaOH -^ C5H704NNa2 + CH4O + C2H6O Biet C5H704NNa2 cd mach cacbon khong phan nhanh, cd -NH2 tai C" thi C8H15O4N cd so cong thirc ciu tao phii hgp la A B C D Ddp dn B 3.29 Hgp chit huu co cd cong thiic phan tir C3H9O2N S l ding phan cd tinh chit luong tinh (vira tac dyng voi dung dich NaOH va dung dich HCl) la A B.2 C.3 D.4 Ddp dn D 3.30 Dot chay hoan toan 10,4 gam bai amin no, don chiic, dong dang lien tilp nhau, thu dugc 11,2 lit CO2 (dktc) Hai amin cd cong thiic phan tir la A CH4N va C2H7N B C2H5N va C3H9N C C2H7N va C3H7N D C2H7N va C3H9N Ddp dn D Chirong IV POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME 4.1 Khai niem dimg ve polime la A Polime la hgp chat dugc tao tir cac phan tir Idn B Polime la hgp chit dugc tao tir cac phan tu cd phan tu kbli nho han C Polime la san pham nhat cua phan triing hgp hoac triing ngung D Polime la hgp chat cao phan tii gIm n mit xich tao Ddp dn D 4.2 Trong cac chat sau day chat nao khong phai la polime A Tri stearat glixerol B Nhya bakelit C Cao su D Tinh hot Ddp dn A 286 4.3 Chat nao dudi day khong thi tham gia phan ling triing hgp A Propilen B Stiren C Propin D Toluen Ddp dn D 4.4 san phim-t C2H4-O-CO-C6H4-CO % dugc tao tir phan img nao sau day A C2H5OH + HOOC-C6H4-COOH-> B C2H5-COOH + HO-C6H4-OH^ , C CH2=CH-C00H + HOOC-C6H4-COOH^ D HO-C2H4-OH + HOOC-C6H4-COOH-> Ddp dn D 4.5 Chat cd cong thiic cau tao sau dugc tao tir phan ung -e CH2 - CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH ^ CeHs A CH3-CH=CH-CH3 va CH2=CH-C6H5 B CH2=CH2 va CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-C6H5 C CH2=CH-CH3 va CH2=CH-CH2-C6H5 D CH2=CH-CH=CH2vaCH2=CH-C6H5 Ddp dn D 4.6 To nilon-6 thuoc loai to thuoc loai to nao sau day A To nhan tao B To ty nhien C To poliamit D To polieste C To nhan tao D To poliamit Ddp dn C 4.7 Xenlulozo triaxetat dugc xem la A Chat deo B To tong hgp Ddp dn C 4.8 Khoi lugng ciia mot doan mach to nilon-6,6 la 27346 u va ciia mot doan mach to capron la 17176 u So lugng mat xich doan mach nilon-6,6 va capron neu tren lan lugt la A 113 va 152 B 113 v a i 14 C 121 va 152 D 121 v a i 14 Ddp dn C 287 4.9 Khi trimg ngung a gam axit aminoaxetic voi hieu suit 80%i, ngoai aminoaxit du ngudri ta cdn thu dugc m gam polime va 2,88 gam nuoc Gia tri cua m la A 7,296 gam B 11,40 gam C 11,12 gam D 9,120 gam Ddp dn D 4.10 Tir 15kg metyl metacrylat cd thi dilu cbl dugc bao nhieu gam thuy tinh hiiu CO cd hieu suit 90%)? A 13500n (kg) B 13500 g C 150n (kg) D 13,5 (kg) Ddp dn B 4.11 PChi dot chay polime X chi thu dugc CO2 va hoi nuoc voi ti le so mol tuong ling la : X la polime nao dudi day ? A Polipropilen B Tinh bgt C Polivinyl clorua (PVC) D Polistiren (PS) Ddp dn A 4.12 Polime dugc triing hgp tir etilen Hdi 280g polietilen da dugc triing hgp tu toi thieu bao nhieu phan tir etilen? A 3,01.10^^ B 6,02.10^'' C 6,02.10^^ D 10 Ddp dn B 4.13 Dot chay hoan toan mot lugng polietilen, san pham chay cho di qua binh dyng dung dich Ca(0H)2 du thay xuat hien 10 gam ket tua Khoi lugng binh thay doi nhu the nao? A Tang4,4g B Tang 6,2g C Giam 3,8g D Giam 5,6g Ddp dn B 4.14 Cho san pham triing hgp mol etilen o dieu kien thich hgp tac dyng vira dii 16g Brom Hieu suat phan ling trimg hgp va khoi lugng PE thu dugc la A 80%; 22,4 g B 90%; 25,2 g C 20%; 25,2 g D 10%; 28 g Ddp dn B 4.15 Tien hanh phan ling trimg hgp 5,2 gam stiren, sau phan ung ta them 400 ml dung dich nuoc brom 0,125M, khuay deu cho phan ling hoan toan thiy du 0,04 mol Br2 Khoi lugng polime sinh la A 4,16 gam Ddp dn A 288 B 5,20 gam C 1,02 gam D 2,08 gam 4.16 Mot loai polime cd ciu tao khong phan nhanh nhu sau -CH2-CH2 -CH2-CH2 -CH2-CH2 -CH2-CH2Cong thirc mot mat xich cua polime la A -CH2- B -CH2-CH2-CH2- C - CH2-CH2- D -CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- Ddp dn C 4.17 Polime X cd phan tir kbli la 280000 va he sl triing hgp n=10000 Vay X la A -t CH2-CH2l;^ B -e CF2-CF2tn C -eCH2-CH(Cl)-tn D -f CH2-CH(CH3)1s Ddp dn A 4.18 Qua nghien cim thyc nghiem cho thay cao su thien nhien la polime ciia monome A buta-1,3-dien va stiren B 2-metylbuta-l,3-dien C buta-1,3-dien D buta-1,2-dien Ddp dn B 4.19.' Chi ro monome ciia san pham triing hgp cd ten ggi poli propilen (P.P) A.-( CH2-CH2^ B CH2=CH-CH3 C CH2=CH2 D.-tCH2-CH(CH3)i-n Ddp dn D 4.20: Cir 2,62g cao su buna-S phan ling -vira bet vdi 1,6 gam brom CCI4 Hdi ti le so mat xich butadien va stiren cao su buna-S la bao nhieu ? A 2/3 B 1/3 C 1/2 D 3/5 Ddp dn C 4.21 San phim triing hgp cua buta-1,3-dien vdi CH2=CH-CN cd ten ggi thong thuong: A Cao su B Cao su buna C Cao su buna - N D Cao su buna - S Ddp dn C 289 4.22 Giai triing hgp polime-(• CH2-CH(CH3)-CH(C6H5)-CH2 ^ monome nao sau day ? ta -se dugc A 2-metyl-3-phenylbut-2-en B 2-metyl-3-phenylbutan C Propilen va stiren D Isopren va toluen Ddp dn C 4.23 Diing poli(vinylaxetat) cd thi lam dugc vat lieu nao sau day? A Chit deo B Polime C To D Cao su Ddp dn A 4.24 Nhan xet ve tinh chat vat li chung cua polime nao dudi day khong diing ? A Hau bet la nhiing chat ran, khong bay hoi B Hau bet polime deu dong thoi cd tinh deo, tinh dan hoi va cd the keo sgi dai, ben C Da so ndng chay o mot khoang nhiet rgng, hoac khong ndng chay ma bi phan buy dun ndng D Da so khong tan cac dung moi thong thuong, mot so tan dung moi thich hgp tao dung dich nhdrt Ddp dn B 4.25 Hai chat nao duoi day tham gia phan ling trimg ngung vdri tao to nilon- 6,6 A Axit adipic va etylen glicol B Axit picric va hexametylendiamin C Axit adipic va hexametylendiamin D Axit glutamic va hexaetylendiamin Ddp dn C 4.26 Polime nao sau day cd ten gpi "to nilon" hay "olon" dugc diing det may quan ao am? A Poli(metyl metacrylat) B Poliacrilonitrin C Poli(vinyl clorua) D Poli(phenol-fomandehit) Ddp dn B 4.27 Poli(vinyl axetat) la polime dugc dieu che tir san pham triing hgp monome nao sau day: 290 A CH2=CH-COOCH3 B CH2=CH-C00H C CH2=CH-COOC2H5 D CH2=CH-OCOCH3 Ddp dn D 4.28 Trong so cac polime tong hgp sau day: nhya PVC (1), caosu isopren (2), nhya bakelit (3), thuy tinh bun co (4), to nilon-6,6 (5) Cac polime la san pham triing ngung gom: A ( l ) v a ( ) B ( l ) v a ( ) C (3)va(4) D (3) va (5) Ddp dn D 4.29 De giat ao bang len long cim can dung loai xa phong cd tinh chat nao sau day? A Xa phong cd tinh bazo B Xa phong cd tinh axit C Xa phong trung tinh D Loai nao ciing dugc Ddp dn C 4.30 Khi dun ndng, cac phan tir alanin (axit a-aminopropionic) cd the tao san pham nao sau day: A.-f HN-CH2-CO tn B HN-CH(NH2)C0 tn C f H N - C H ( C H ) - C D t HN-CH(C00H)-CH2 % Ddp dn C 291 MUC LUC • • Trang LOINOIOAU ONTAPDAUNAM Chu-cng ESTE - LIPIT Bai ESTE Bai 2, LIPIT Bai C H A T GIAT RIJA Bai LUYEN TAP: M O I LIEN HE GICFA H I O R O C A C B O N VA MOT SO D A N X U A T C U A HieROCACBON Chu-cng CACBOHIDRAT Bai GLUCOZO Bai SACCAROZO Bai TINH BQT Bai XENLULOZO Bai LUYBN TAP: CAU TRUC VA TJNH C H A T CUA MOT SO CACBOHIDRAT TIEU Bi£U 39 39 54 66 76 90 90 111 121 130 137 Bai 10 BAI THUC HANH 1: Dl£U CH^ ESTE VA T I N H C H A T CUA MOT SO CACBOHIDRAT Chu-o-ng AMIN, AMINO AXIT VA PROTEIN Bai 11 AMIN Bai 12 AMINOAXIT Bai 13 PEPTIT VA PROTEIN Bai 14 LUYEN TAP: CAU TAO VA T ( N H C H A T CUA AMIN, AMINO AXIT VA PROTEIN Bai 15 BAI THU'C HANH 2: MOT SO TlNH C H A T CUA AMIN, AMINO AXIT VA PROTEIN Chu-cng POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME Bai 16 DAI CU-ONG V^ POLIME Bai 17 VAT LIEU POLIME Bai 18 LUYEN TAP: POLIME VA VAT LlEU POLIME ON TAP HOC Ki Chuong I ESTE - LIPIT Chu'ong II CACBOHIDRAT Chuang III AMIN-AMINO AXIT-PROTEIN Chuong IV POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME 292 151 169 159 177 188 205 215 221 221 235 251 262 269 275 281 286 Sach lien ket vdi Cong ty CO phan In va Phat hanh sach Vi$t Nam P, INPHAVI riiifll-f ftr,Ilrah(vl2TI v Phat hanh tai Cong ty cd p h i n In va Phat hanh sach Viet Nam Dja chi ; 78 - Dong Cac - Dong Da - Ha Noi DT : (04) 5.11 5921 - Fax : (04) 5.11 5921 ?8.noo t) Gia: 38.000 d [...]... cac dung dich cua cac hgp chit sau: NH2-CH2-COOH (1); CIH3N-CH2-COOH (2) ; NH2-CH2-COONa (3); NH2-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (4); HOOC-(CH2)2CH(NH2)-COOH (5) Cac dung dich lam quy tim boa do la A.(l),(3) B.(3),(4) C. (2) ,(5) D (1), (4) HS thao luan chgn dap an C Phieu 2 Hgp chit nao sau day khong phai la amino axit ? A NH2CH2COOH B HOOCCH2CHNH2COOH C CH3NHCH2COOH D CH3CH2CONH2 HS thao luan chgn dap an D Phieu 3... mot amin don chiic X nong dp 12, 4% can diing 100ml dung dich HCl IM Cong thiic phan tir cua X la A C3H5N B C3H7N C CH5N D C2H7N Bai tap vl nha 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (SGK) D HU'ONG D A N GIAI BAI TAP TRONG SGK 1 Chpn dap an C 2 X + 0 2 ^ CO2 5,9 g + 6, 72 lit 1 , 12. 28 + 8,1 g N2 1 , 12 lit , 8,1 .2 mH = - -18 — = 0,9(gam) 6, 72 . 12 mc= ,_ 22 ,4 =3,6(gam) mw^ H2O : 1,4 (gam) 22 ,4 mo = 5 , 9 - 3 , 6 - 0 ,... glixerol) 175 1) CsHiiOsCH^O + 2[ Ag(NH3 )2] OH -^ C5H,,05COONH4 + 2Agi + 3NH3 + H2O 2) C6H5NH2 + 3Br2 -> C6H2Br3NH2 i + 3HBr 3) 2C3H5(OH)3 + Cu(OH )2 -> [C3H5(OH )20 ]2Cu 2H2O b) CfiHsOH CH3-NH2 Quy tim CH3COOH xanh Do dd AgN03/NH3 7 iAg (pul) a) Dimg axit de rira Ig dung anilin C6H5NH2 + H^ ^ C6H5NH3^ b) Diing giam khir cac amin (tao ra cac hgp chat muoi amoni) 8 C6H5NH2 +HC1 -»C6H5NH3^Cr 1 mol 129 ,5 g x =... 2 Chpn dap an B 186 3 Viet cong thiic cau tao va gpi ten cac amino axit co cong thiic phan tir la C4H9NO2 CH3-CH2-CH-COOH axit 2- aminobutanoic NH2 CH3- CH-CH2- COOH axit 3-aminobutanoic NH2 CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH axit 4-aminobutanoic NH2 (fH3 CH3-C-COOH axit 2- amino -2- metylbutanoic NH2 NH2- CH2- C H - COOH axit 3-amino -2- metylpropanoic CH3 Phuong trinh boa hpc CH3CH(NH2)COOH + NaOH ^ CH3CH(NH2)COONa + H2O... H2O (1) CH3CH(COOH)NH2 + H2SO4 -^ [CH3CH(COOH)NH3]2S04 (2) CH3CH(NH2)COOH + CH3OH "^' ) CH3CH(NH2)COOCH3 + H2O (3) CH3CH(NH2)COOH + HNO2 -^ CH3CH(0H)C00H + N2 + H2O (4) Phuong trinh boa hpc a) n H2N[CH2]6COOH - ^ ( HN-[CH2]6-CD )„ + nH20 b) n H2NCH(CH3)COOH - "^^ ( HN-CH(CH3)-CD )n + nH20 6 Viet cac cong thiic cau tao ciia cac amino axit a) Axit 2- amino-3-phenylpropanoic (phenylanilin) C6H5-CH2-CH-COOH... C6H5-CH2-CH-COOH NH2 b) Axit 2- amino-3-metylbutanoic (valin) (CH3)2CH-CH-COOH NH2 187 c) Axit 2- amino-4-metylpentanoic (leuxin) (CH3)2CH-CH2-CH-COOH NH2 b) Axit 2- amino-3-menylpentanoic (isoleuxin) CH3CH2-CH-CH-COOH CH3 NH2 Phuong trinh h6a hpc CH3CH(NH2)COOH + HNO2 -^ CH3CH(0H)C00H + N2 + H2O X CH3CH(0H)C00H "^^°^-'° > CH2=CH-C00H + H2O Y CH2=CH-C00H + CH3OH ( ' '' > CH2=CH-COOCH3 + H2O 0,1 mol A tac... etanol H2N-CH2COOH + C2H5OH K.ni HLI GV nhan xet va bo sung: Thuc ra este dugc hinh thanh duoi dang muli Cl"NH3^CH2COOC2H5 muon thu dugc este thi: -*TTT r^TT r ^ / ^ r ^ r ^ TT I TT r^ < ' NH2CH2COOC2H5 + H2O HS lang nghe va ghi bai + NaOHvua du -» NH2CH2COOC2H5 + NaCl + H2O C™H3^CH2C00C2H5 4 P H A N LTNG CUA NHOM NH2 V6l HNO2 GV lam thi nghiem: HS quan sat va neu hien tugng Cho vao ong nghiem 2 ml dung... tren nguyen tir N ciia C6H5CH2NH2 cao hon C6H5NH2 C6H5CH2NH2 tan v6 ban trong nuoc, lam xanh quy tim do tao lien kit hidro voi H2O bin hon C6H5NH2 C6H5NH2 tan trong nuoc kem, khong lam doi mau giiy quy 5 Tach hon hgp a) CH4, CH3NH2 + ddHCldii(r (2) CH.! +NaOH dd CHjNHj'Cr, HCl du CHjNH,! dd NaCl (1)CH3NH2 +HC1 ^CH3-NH3C1 (2) CH3-NH3CI + NaOH ^ CH3-NH2 + NaCl + H2O 174 b) OH NH2 + ddNaOH lac dfiu, chiet... C6H5NH2 + dd HCl lie deu, chiSt + SMC CO2 du C6H5OH C6H5NH3CI, HCl du dd NaHC03 CeUe - dd NaOH du C6H5NH2 NaCl (1) C6H5OH + NaOH -^ CeHsONa + H2O (2) CeHjONa + H2O + CO2 -^ CgHsOH + NaHC03 (3) C6H5NH2 + HCl -^ C6H5NH3CI (4) C6H5NH3CI + NaOH ^ C6H5NH2 + NaCl + H2O 6 Lap bang C2H5NH2 C6H5NH2 Cu(0H )2 lie nhe C3H5(0H)3 I Ag (nhan ra dd glucoza) (pul) Dd AgN03/NH3 dun nhe Nuac Br2 CeHnOa i tring (pu 2) (nhan... B 2 - ^ C8H5O4N c6 t b i la : C 3 D 4 CH3-OCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COO-C2H5 NH2 C2H5OCO-CH2-CH2-CH-COOCH3 (2) NH2 Chgn dap an B HS2: Cho 0,01 mol amino axit A tac HS2 nhan xet: dung vua dii voi 100 ml dung dich HCl 0,01 mol amino axit tac dung vira dii 0,2M Co can dung dich sau phan ling 0, 02 mol HCl tao ra 0,01 mol muli dugc 2, 18 gam muoi Khoi lugng mol => amino axit co bai nhom NH2 ciia A la A 109 gam B 21 8 ... A CH2=CH-NH2, (CH3)2NH B NH3, CH3NH2, (CH3)2NH C CH2=CH-NH2, (CH3)2NH D (CH3)2NH, CH2=CH-NH2, NH3 CH3NH2, NH3, CH2=CH-NH2, NH3, CH3NH2, HS thao luan viet phuang trinh hoa hpc CH3NH2, 3CH3NH2 +... TRONG SGK Chpn dap an C X + ^ CO2 5,9 g + 6, 72 lit 1 , 12. 28 + 8,1 g N2 1 , 12 lit , 8,1 .2 mH = - -18 — = 0,9(gam) 6, 72 . 12 mc= ,_ 22 ,4 =3,6(gam) mw^ H2O : 1,4 (gam) 22 ,4 mo = , - , - , - , = Hgp... C4H9NO2 CH3-CH2-CH-COOH axit 2- aminobutanoic NH2 CH3- CH-CH2- COOH axit 3-aminobutanoic NH2 CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH axit 4-aminobutanoic NH2 (fH3 CH3-C-COOH axit 2- amino -2- metylbutanoic NH2 NH2- CH2- C