Bài viết về Lễ hội Cổ Loa tại Đông Anh Hà Nội, sự tích về An Dương Vương, Mị Châu và Trọng Thủy. Nói về lễ hội Cổ Loa có nguồn gốc từ đâu, được tổ chức vào ngày nào hàng năm và nghi lễ tổ chức của lễ hội này. The report mentions Co Loa festival held in Dong Anh Ha Noi, the tragedy legend, story about An Duong Vuong King, his daughter Mi Chau and Mi Chaus husband Trong Thuy. It also shows clearly information about the origin of festival, ritual of this festival
Table of contents CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Rationale Vietnam is a country which has many festivals in a year Vietnam’s festivals usually focus on spring The festival is a type of traditional cultural activities, a product of Vietnamese’s spirit which formed and developed throughout the history of nation Each festival has a typical feature and private value, but all of them worship and respect the supernatural power or the national hero… The festivals that are the occasions for the later generations express their honor to the previous generation are as a bridge between the past and the present They show the thought “When you eat a fruit, think of the man who planted the tree” of Vietnamese people Vietnamese people consider festival is an indispensable part in their spiritual life The festival is an occasion not only for expressing their respect but also for enjoying and relaxing after a hardworking year Nowadays, Vietnam’s festivals attract many tourists annually to enjoy and learn Festivals have become an important part, a “product” of tourism industry They are the source information for foreign tourist knowing more about Vietnam Co Loa festival is the one of the big and important festival in a year of Vietnam It is held to commemorate the national hero King An Duong Vuong who built the Co Loa citadel and founded the Au Lac nation Annually, this festival attracts many Co Loa villagers and visitors It is very important to have enough knowledge about the Co Loa festival in particular and other festivals in general Good knowledge can help we develop the tourism industry of Vietnam We are the student of Faculty of Tourism so we need to understand and know well the important of the festivals in Vietnam The festivals are the one of aspects of culture which figures as an important role of the tourism industry Thus, our group learnt about one festival inside a hundred of festivals in Vietnam That is Co Loa festival Objectives of the study When completed this assignment, we got two main objectives: knowledge about Co Loa festival and reporting skill Firstly, we learnt more about the festival in Vietnam especially Co Loa festival We knew exactly the day when people celebrate Co Loa festival We also knew the reason and confirmed once more time about legend of Co Loa festival Moreover, we had knowledge about the way Co Loa’s villagers prepare and hold the festival, some activities in Co Loa festival Second, assignment is an occasion for us to practice collecting information skill, analyzing skill and the most important is writing skill We also knew how to improve our team working when we did this assignment Methodology To complete the assignment, we found newspaper, magazine and some articles writing about Co Loa village and Co Loa festival We also collected information on the Internet through articles and video Scope of the study Our topic is Co Loa festival which is held in Co Loa village so the scope of the study is determined in Co Loa village, Dong Anh district The content is legend of Co Loa festival, some preparations before festival, some activities in the festival, process of the ceremony Study time ranges from 6th day to 16th day of the first lunar month Structure of the study Our assignment includes three chapters: Chapters I: Introduction In this chapter, we present why we research about Co Loa festival and the outcomes of the assignment We also list some methodology which used to complete our assignment Next, we define the limitation of our study Chapter II: Body In this chapter, firstly, we present the background information of Co Loa festival like place, meaning, purpose… Next, there are history of the ceremony, preparations before the festival, some rituals and activities We also research some special characteristics and some changes of the festival Last but not least, we give some advice for visitors attending this festival Chapter III: Conclusion and recommendations In the last main chapter, we make summary of the Co Loa festival Next is our final comment about the festival And finally, there are our suggestions to attract more student and tourists In addition, our assignment has two other parts: Reference and Appendix In the Reference section, we list all name of source or link which we found and read information Appendix is a part in which we have some pictures about the festival CHAPTER II BODY Background information of the festival Co Loa festival is one of the typical festivals in Vietnam which commemorates and worships King An Duong Vuong The festival is annually held in Co Loa village, Dong Anh district, lasts ten days from 6th to 16th day of the first month of lunar year, and the main festival day is on th day It is established by eight communes – “Bát Xã” (Đài Bi, Sàn Dã, Cầu Cả, Mạch Tràng, Văn Thượng, Thư Cưu, Cổ Loa, Xép) to commemorate An Duong Vuong – Thuc Phan who founded ancient Vietnamese nation – Au Lac and built Co Loa citadel The festival is taken place at Thuong temple in which King An Duong Vuong is worshiped The festival not only has rituals, traditional procession but also takes place some folk game like crossbow, swinging, wrestling, human chess in front of Thuong Temple The festival is an occasion for the villagers enjoy after a year hard-working and pray for the coming year will be lucky and happy History of the Co Loa festival Co Loa festival is based on a legend about King An Duong Vuong and his magic crossbow, besides is My Chau, Trong Thuy, Genius Kim Quy – a Golden Tortoise According to book History Vietnam, An Duong Vuong spent ten years defeating Tan Thuy Hoang’s soldiers to protect Vietnamese ancient nation When the country gained independence, An Duong Vuong crowned King Then he renamed Van Lang to Au Lac and established Co Loa as a new capital To strengthen military defenses, An Duong Vuong decided to build Co Loa citadel But the construction had a lot of difficulties The citadel built and rebuilt several times, but not be completed Fortunately, Genius Kim Quy appeared and repeatedly crawled around the citadel King An Duong Vuong ordered to build in the footprints of the tortoise Since then, Co Loa citadel did not fall Genius Kim Quy not only helped King An Duong Vuong to build Co Loa citadel but also gave him a nail and taught him how to make a magic crossbow to protect the country The magic crossbow is a secret weapon of An Duong Vuong that helped him fight against any enemy Au Lac was endangered by neighbors countries including Trieu Da King Trieu Da planned his son – prince Trong Thuy married to Princess My Chau – King An Duong Vuong’s daughter Trong Thuy lived in Au Lac, My Chau told her father’s secret to her husband then Trong Thuy stole the magic crossbow and returned home After that, war happened, King An Duong Vuong lost the magic crossbow he could not defeat Trieu Da soldier He ride horse to East Sea and asked for help Genius Kim Quy Genius Kim Quy appeared and denounced My Chau betrayed her father King An Duong Vuong beheaded his daughter then went down to the sea To express the gratitude and respectful the villagers built a communal house and made King An Duong Vuong statue, My Chau statue Annually, villagers found the festival to burn incense and commemorate them Preparations before the event Co Loa festival is a big occasion in Co Loa village so it is well prepared Because Co Loa festival is held by “Bát Xã” so each commune is assigned specific tasks They need to complete their duty well They prepared a formal oration, traditional clothes, a washed palanquin, incense, wine, flowers, fruits, especially Day cake and “bỏng gạo” that were food An Duong Vuong rewarded troops People are also an important part of the festival They select eight “Lang Cai” represent for eight communes who are the men over fifty, know how to organization and no bad habit in daily life Besides, they choose team flag bearer, “phường bát âm”, procession team who wear traditional clothes The festival is prepared carefully, many days work hard of local people in the each village, commune, all of them for one purpose: Co Loa traditional festival Rituals and activities The official festival day is 6th day of the first lunar month, but all of preparations were completed before that On the afternoon of 5th day, villagers of eight communes establish burn incense ceremony at the communal house On the next day – the official day, eight village dignitaries of eight communes go to first notable's house of Van Thuong village to process funeral oration (Van Thuong village has privileges to edit funeral oration) The funeral oration is up a hanger The first notable and village dignitaries wear traditional costumes neatly and stand in front of the hanger, then they hold a ceremony After that the procession funeral oration is begun Leading to the procession is five Five Elements flags, next is an octet, followed by eight first notables, some village dignitaries together village inhabitants who carry the hanger funeral oration, “Long đình” palanquins, flags and parasols The place of the procession is An Duong Vuong temple – Thuong temple in which people perform worshiping The yard of Thuong Temple is decorated by many colorful flags; pennants are fixed straight line from road hamlet to the yard of temple In the mid-yard, a big flag is in flag tower Closed to the temple gate has a couple of horses – red horse and white horses are decorated colorful with bridle and saddle On the outside, offering and eight weapons - “lộ bát bửu” are put neatly In front of the temple, a big incense-table has worshiping objects and a couple mandarins’ boot Ahead big incense-table is a smaller other in which put crossbow, swords, arrows and other weapons In addition, people spread out some mats to genuflect in the ceremony When a horn rang out signaling the literature is coming, palanquin “Long đình” is put in front of two incense-tables The traditional performance is accompanied by the music of the octet The first notable of Van Thuong village is an officiating priest When all of the main offering team of eight villages complete their rituals, other villages and visitors pray King An Duong Vuong for lucky, happiness and wealthy The worshiping ceremony is completed at 12 o'clock Next procession is God procession The first is flags, palanquin and eight weapons Next, the octet, some village notables wear traditional costume bringing King's weapons Dignitaries, men in Chua hamlet, Co Loa village carries a palanquin in which put a King An Duong Vuong‘s ancestral tablet Followed by others village, each village has a particular palanquin with colorful flags and the octet The procession is very crowded and the music of the octet can be heard everywhere The starting point is Thuong temple then around the Ngoc well, followed road of Noi citadel, then Ngu Trieu temple When the procession goes to intersection of Co Loa village, the palanquins return their own village Co Loa's palanquin goes to Ngu Trieu temple and Co Loa villagers hold the worshiping once more time By the time, it was dark and the official festival day was completed, but that is only ceremony of Co Loa festival Co Loa's part of activities last to 16th day of first lunar month In this part, villagers establish many traditional games and activities In the daytime, elder man play cards, chess and human chess Elder woman go to the temple and pagoda Besides, younger people have many exciting games like: swinging, wrestling, tug of war, archery, cock fighting, and rice cooking competition In the night, people burn fireworks, perform some kinds of traditional music such as “chèo”, “tuồng” and “ca trù” On the last day of the festival, villagers hold a farewell ceremony at the temple The rituals in this day are similar to the official festival day The ancestral tablet of King will be returned to the sanctuary People believe that they will be enjoyed the best things in the coming day and the protection of King An Duong Vuong and Princess My Chau Both rituals and activities create a special and lively Co Loa festival It always maintains a private characteristic despite handing down many generations Special characteristic Co Loa people always handed down a folk: “Die, give up children, give up grandchildren When living not give up 6th day of first month” 6th day of first lunar month is the official festival day of Co Loa festival According to legend, 6th day of first month was chosen as the coronation throne Co Loa festival has many unique characteristic, but the most special characteristics are: the participation of Quay village, offertory included Day cake and “bỏng gạo” and the procession fake King of Nhoi village Firstly is the participation of Quay Ca village in Co Loa festival Quay village is the first village holds the worship, next is Co Loa village and others village People say that Quay’s villagers were the original inhabitant who ceded land for King built citadel They were loved by King and respected by others village Next is the procession fake King of Nhoi village In the Sai mountain of Nhoi village, there is a Tran Vu village in which worship a deity Legend has it that this deity helped King to build Co Loa citadel When it completed, An Duong Vuong went to Sai Mountain to make Thanksgiving Moreover, King decided to build a temple to worship that deity and on 12 th day of first lunar month King and bureaucrats went to this temple to worship Later King assigned this responsible to Nhoi’s villagers The villagers could pretend to be King and held the worshiping just like the real Annually, villagers take place this ancient story The villagers will choose an elder virtuous man to act King In spite of a private custom of Nhoi village, it contributes the various activities in Co Loa festival And the finally is the indispensable offertory: Day cake and “bỏng gạo” According to legend, they were the food which An Duong Vuong used to reward troops Because of the offertory, people who make them are abstinence before roasting and crushing “Bỏng” are made from yellow sticky rice People choose good and delicious paddy then they fall the paddy down ground about five days to have a best result It is made in this festival occasion Some changes Nowadays, festival becomes an important part of Vietnamese’s life Spring is the season of festival and enjoyment Co Loa festival is the most important of Co Loa villagers Annually, the villagers always come back their home to participate in the festival Co Loa festival is not only a festival of Co Loa villagers but also an occasion of others Vietnamese people who come from many provinces even overseas The festival attracts many people so scale festival is more and more growing People hold a lot of activities, game, souvenir stalls which help the villagers to develop tourism and economy of Co Loa village Although the festival is crowded, security problem in the festival is better, visitors always feel safe and comfort when they come to the festival Besides the positive changes, Co Loa festival still has some limited issues Firstly, the festival is commercialized When going to the festival, the first things are small stalls which sell a lot of unsuitable things to temple and festival like: food, violence toy, even exchange money Moreover, the sale persons sell at high price for profit with some items such as flower, souvenir, incense and votive paper The other negative issues are disguised gambling, superstitious, bet The pickpockets and theft still exist in the festival All of them are still public appearances and ignores the patrol and control of functional forces That is the negative impact of local people, visitors also have some adversely affecting for the festival They exchange money at gate temple and when they go to Ngoc well and inside the Thuong temple, they put money in everywhere they want: statue, well, road of temple Another negative issue is burn incense and votive paper Visitors burn too many incense and votive paper making smoke and dust many place in the temple The negative impacts diminish the meaning of the festival This makes loss of the original purity and sanctity of the unique festival which handed down many generations Advice for visitors attending these events Co Loa festival is an interesting occasion for tourism If you want to participate in this travel, the followings are useful tips for you Offertory: You should by small offertory which easy to bring like flower, incense, votive paper, some kinds of fruit All of them can show your respect to King An Duong Vuong, you need not buy the big and too more items The best offering is your heart Behavior: Co Loa festival is an occasion to respect to King An Duong Vuong so when you coming here you should have an appropriate attitude When you participate in the worshiping ceremony, you should keep silence, don’t laugh or shout You can visit around Thuong temple and Ngoc well however you should not leave small change at any place you want That action does not help you to have much luck as you want If you want, you should put them in the charity-box put in the temple by managements Safety: When traveling to the crowded festival like Co Loa festival, you should pay attention to your luggage The thieves often take advantage of crowded places to pickpocket You just neglect a little bit, you will be lose your money, your wallet or other valuables Activities: You can join in or view some traditional game when traveling to festival such as: swinging, rice cooking competition, cock fighting, folk music Summary of some characteristic features of that place a The geographical location Co Loa located in Dong Anh- is a suburban district, which is located in south of the Red River and is bordered by the Northern District- Tu Liem, south east of Duong River and Long Bien district bordering Gia Lam district The natural area is 18,230 The population is 327 500 people Dong Anh is the second largest district Ha Noi The district has two railways: Hanoi - Thai Nguyen and Hanoi - Yen Bai Noi Bai International Airport is connected to the inner city Hanoi on highway and Thang Long- Noi Bai, 7.5 km long running through the Dong Anh district Therefore, the Dong Anh district is a major advantage for transportation These are favorable conditions for interaction between Hanoi and northeastern provinces This is the premise of promoting economic, social and cultural districts With favorable geographical location and land allows, Dong Anh has attracted the attention of investors at home and abroad The district has more than 100 central enterprises, cities and districts, including four joint ventures with foreign countries have come into operation It is also considered to be located in areas planned for industrial development, urban services, and tourism is a key transportation hub connecting Hanoi to Northern provinces b The natural landscape, cultural, historical Dong Anh is a district which has the thickness of history, culture, revolution The district has 205 temples; 10 places are the basis of the revolution Includes 28 temples, where the state has been ranked as the historical and cultural Typically, Co Loa, Sai Temple, Nam Hong tunnel Co Loa is a famous historical site, located in the town of Co Loa King An Duong Vuong built around the year 257 BC, it is the capital of the Au Lac Currently, Co Loa is one of 21 national tourist resort, was recognized national historic special of Vietnam on 01/06/2013 lunar calendar Sai Temple on the Sai Mountain, Thuy Lam is an ancient architectural work, which is considered one of the oldest buildings; the most beautiful remains are kept in North Delta It is famous for ceremonial procession of the living king (the King is played by the elder person who is virtuous and talented impersonator in the village) Tunnel Nam Hong is a typical network of historic sites built during the French war There are also other unique festivals such as the Cao Phong village, Son Du, Duong Yen village, etc At Dong Anh still maintained by some kind of cultural, artistic, traditional festivals, imbued with the national identity as ca tru, wall, sailing and so on, at the local as Thuy Lam, Kim Chung, Nam Hong, Bac Hong and so on Many villages in Dong Anh still keep traditional crafts such as carving, lacquer, wood Van Ha, Lien Ha, Thuy Lam, Tu Duc and rattan bamboo in Van Noi, Mai Lam CHAPTER III CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusions Assignment Pet is an important exercise; it covers the main content of traditional ceremonies and festivals in Vietnam Co Loa Festival is one of the major festivals of the country It is not only expresses unique art and culture of Vietnam, through which people have the opportunity to gratitude, respect and worship the King An Duong Vuong Every year, Co Loa festival was held from 6th to 16th on the first lunar month in the town of Dong Anh, Hanoi On this day the people of Vietnam as well as domestic and foreign tourists are concentrated in Co Loa ancient temple The festival is organized with style standards Festival in the past, includes two parts: part rituals and social part Part ritual express meaning and spiritual values of the people of Vietnam, while the social part is a chance to meet people, relax after hours of tiring labor When visitors come here not only to learn about the history of Vietnam, but also to participate in traditional games such as cock fighting, swinging, rice cooking competition, creating attractive feature of the festival Through Co Loa Festival we can learn something as advantages and disadvantages We can expand much knowledge of history, culture, ritual of our country, this is good for us Besides, we are very proud of the country and people of Vietnam, the hero of the nation more Co Loa Festival is an actually festival attractive with international tourists In the Co Loa festival, people around the cross to see the crowds, consider this meaningful occasion of Tet However, besides a number of advantages, festival still exist many problems limiting waste, social vices, product commercialization It makes customers feel uncomfortable when they take part in the festival So the organizers of Co Loa Festival must resolve negative problems that are essential for everyone coming to the festival It’s also an ability of us- the Faculty of Tourism students Finally, when we studies of the festival, we know more about the value of mental and physical in our life We want to uphold the spirit of patriotism, ethnic pride, enhance the sense of preserving and conserving the cultural traditions of the nation Recommendation The festivals and traditional ceremonies Vietnam is very interesting, so we must protect and develop them To attract students, we think that it is necessary to publish several books of festivals and ceremonies for students Students should participate in the festival to learn more about them It’s also the way to develop tourism of our country Besides, we also get some troubles such as finding information is not easy; there are some changes in this festival, it is difficult for us by text and English translation with significant accuracy To complete this task better, we can find more information on the Internet, books or newspapers and select the most accurate information Moreover, the teacher gave us more tips in finding information to it We think that this assignment is the best chance for us to improve our knowledge and skills We hope that this will be a useful experience for later courses and expect they will have a better assignment REFERENCES http://cruisesmekongriver.net/vietnam-travel-guide/hanoi-travel-atraction/co-loa-festival.html http://festivalinvietnam.org/2724/co-loa-festival/ http://lehoi.cinet.vn/Pages/ArticleDetail.aspx?siteid=1&sitepageid=282&articleid=852 http://travel.org.vn/vietnam-culture/festivals-and-ceremonies/2012/07/co-loa-festival-dong-anhhanoi.html http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%95_Loa http://vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/tourist/festival.asp?uid=551 http://vtv.vn/Du-lich/Le-hoi-den-Co-Loa-Ha-Noi/101112.vtv http://www.vietnam-beauty.com/vietnamese-culture/festivals-and-ceremonies/15-festivals-andceremonies/120-co-loa-festival.html APPENDIX SOME PICTURES ABOUT CO LOA FESTIVAL Co Loa Festival Time: From the 6th to the 16th day of the first lunar month, the main festival day is on the 6th day of the first lunar month Place: Co Loa Commune, Dong Anh District, Hanoi Objects of worship: King An Duong Vuong Characteristics: The procession of 12 hamlets and villages, the procession of "alive" king in Nhoi Village On the afternoon of the 5th day of the first lunar month, all of the eight communes (including Co Loa Commune and the establishing relations between seven communes) hold the incense offering ceremony at the communal house At Thuong Temple, village officials and mandarins hold the similar ceremony and revise the king's contributions and achievements The official festival day, which is on the 6th of the first lunar month, starts with processions and grand sacrifices- offering ceremony In early morning, a solemn and splendid procession takes orations from the oration writer's house to the temple The chief officiant at Thuong Temple has to come up and receive the orations and puts them on the altar Next to the door of the temple is a pair of life-size pink and white wooden horses Their harnesses are decorated with phoenix motifs and beautiful gold thread embroideries The path to the temple is lined with decorative weapons and eight precious votive objects At that time, the palanquins of the establishing relations between seven communes arrive at Thuong Temple and are put on the yard The worshipping rituals begin Votive offerings include incense, flowers, truncated cone-shaped cakes made of sticky rice, fruits, steamed sticky rice, meat, giay cakes and popcorn According to folk knowledge, the last two things were used by King An Duong Vuong to treat his troops The rituals last until 12 o'clock Meanwhile, in the temple, some senior people representing their communes pray to the king for peace and prosperity to their villagers Next is the procession to take the god from the temple to the communal house so that he can watch the festivities This is the biggest procession with the participation of all the palanquins When reaching the main entrance called Nghi Mon, the palanquins return to their villages Co Loa's procession and palanquin the same rituals once more at the communal house This is the end of the official festival day From then to the end of the whole festival, there are only duty ceremonies and votive offerings of residential groups, family lines and visitors An Duong Vuong Temple Festival has a special procession for the fake king of Nhoi village On Mount Sai in Nhoi Village is a temple dedicated to Saint Tran Vu, who, according to legends, helps the king drive away evil spirits and build Co Loa Citadel Every year, on the 12 th day of the first lunar month, the king would go there together with his mandarins to worshipping rituals But because such travelling was quite complicated, King An Duong Vuong asked a local man to impersonate him and held a similar ritual Later generations put on stage that story Though this custom is specific for Nhoi Village, it helps to diversify activities of the Co Loa Festival The Co Loa Festival has many other fun activities such as human chess, wrestling, cock fighting, swings, rope climbing, card playing, and cheo and tuong singing On the final day of the festival, a grand farewell ceremony will be held at the temple The rituals are the same as in the main festival day After the rituals, the cult table of god will be returned to the sanctuary Local people enjoy the god's favour and expect a year of prosperity and protection from the god [...]... http://vtv.vn/Du-lich/Le-hoi-den -Co- Loa- Ha-Noi/101112.vtv 8 http://www.vietnam-beauty.com/vietnamese-culture/festivals-and-ceremonies/15-festivals-andceremonies/120 -co- loa- festival. html APPENDIX SOME PICTURES ABOUT CO LOA FESTIVAL Co Loa Festival Time: From the 6th to the 16th day of the first lunar month, the main festival day is on the 6th day of the first lunar month Place: Co Loa Commune, Dong Anh District, Hanoi... http://cruisesmekongriver.net/vietnam-travel-guide/hanoi-travel-atraction /co- loa- festival. html 2 http://festivalinvietnam.org/2724 /co- loa- festival/ 3 http://lehoi.cinet.vn/Pages/ArticleDetail.aspx?siteid=1&sitepageid=282&articleid=852 4 http://travel.org.vn/vietnam-culture/festivals-and-ceremonies/2012/07 /co- loa- festival- dong-anhhanoi.html 5 http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%95 _Loa 6 http://vietnamtourism.com/e_pages/tourist /festival. asp?uid=551 7... Village, it helps to diversify activities of the Co Loa Festival The Co Loa Festival has many other fun activities such as human chess, wrestling, cock fighting, swings, rope climbing, card playing, and cheo and tuong singing On the final day of the festival, a grand farewell ceremony will be held at the temple The rituals are the same as in the main festival day After the rituals, the cult table of... of the 5th day of the first lunar month, all of the eight communes (including Co Loa Commune and the establishing relations between seven communes) hold the incense offering ceremony at the communal house At Thuong Temple, village officials and mandarins hold the similar ceremony and revise the king's contributions and achievements The official festival day, which is on the 6th of the first lunar month,... temple to the communal house so that he can watch the festivities This is the biggest procession with the participation of all the palanquins When reaching the main entrance called Nghi Mon, the palanquins return to their villages Co Loa' s procession and palanquin do the same rituals once more at the communal house This is the end of the official festival day From then to the end of the whole festival, ... Temple Festival has a special procession for the fake king of Nhoi village On Mount Sai in Nhoi Village is a temple dedicated to Saint Tran Vu, who, according to legends, helps the king drive away evil spirits and build Co Loa Citadel Every year, on the 12 th day of the first lunar month, the king would go there together with his mandarins to do worshipping rituals But because such travelling was quite complicated,... Votive offerings include incense, flowers, truncated cone-shaped cakes made of sticky rice, fruits, steamed sticky rice, meat, giay cakes and popcorn According to folk knowledge, the last two things were used by King An Duong Vuong to treat his troops The rituals last until 12 o'clock Meanwhile, in the temple, some senior people representing their communes pray to the king for peace and prosperity to... to come up and receive the orations and puts them on the altar Next to the door of the temple is a pair of life-size pink and white wooden horses Their harnesses are decorated with phoenix motifs and beautiful gold thread embroideries The path to the temple is lined with decorative weapons and eight precious votive objects At that time, the palanquins of the establishing relations between seven communes ... Scope of the study Our topic is Co Loa festival which is held in Co Loa village so the scope of the study is determined in Co Loa village, Dong Anh district The content is legend of Co Loa festival, ... the festival in Vietnam especially Co Loa festival We knew exactly the day when people celebrate Co Loa festival We also knew the reason and confirmed once more time about legend of Co Loa festival. .. http://www.vietnam-beauty.com/vietnamese-culture/festivals-and-ceremonies/15-festivals-andceremonies/120 -co- loa- festival. html APPENDIX SOME PICTURES ABOUT CO LOA FESTIVAL Co Loa Festival Time: From the 6th to the 16th day of the first lunar month, the main festival