Động từ khuyết thiếu

WOULD Thói quen hiện tại : “thường, sẽ” When she is angry, she will go out for fresh air.. Đều kiện 1 WON’T “Không chịu, sẽ không” hiện tại However hard you try to convince her, she wo

Modal Verbs – Động từ khuyết thiếu (+ V1) 1) CÁCH DÙNG 1: “MODAL VERBS + V1”

Xin/cho phép Can I go out?

Yêu cầu, đề nghị Can you help me?

COULD Năng lực quá khứ I could ride a bike when I

was 6

Gợi ý You could ask him for

help

Điều kiện 2,3 Yêu cầu, đề nghị Could you say it again?

Xin/cho phép Could I speak to John,

please?

WILL Sẽ chắc chắn xảy ra, hứa,

đoán “I think,…”

I’ll be old one day WOULD

Thói quen hiện tại :

“thường, sẽ”

When she is angry, she will go out for fresh air

WOULD

Yêu cầu Will you wait for me?

Đề nghị I will help you

Đều kiện 1

WON’T “Không chịu, sẽ không”

(hiện tại)

However hard you try to convince her, she won’t change her mind (Cho dù bạn cố gắng thuyết phục

cô ấy như thế nào, cô ấy cũng không chịu đổi ý định đâu)

WOULDN’T

WOULD Qúa khứ của WILL He said he would come

Mời : “Would you like… Would you like to come?

Thói quen quá khứ :

“thường, sẽ”

When

Yêu cầu Would you tell me the

time, please?

Đều kiện 2, 3

WOULDN’T “Không chịu” (quá khứ) When she was angry, she

would go out for fresh air.(khi giận, cô ấy thường đi ra ngoài hít thở)

MAY Xin, cho phép May I go out? MIGHT

Đều kiện 1

MIGHT Quá khứ của MAY He said it might rain

“có thể” : đề nghị Shall we go shopping

now?

Đều kiện 1

SHOULD “nên”: khuyên = BE

SUPPOSED TO, OUGHT

TO, HAD BETTER

You should mind your words (Bạn nên cẩn thận lời nói)

Qúa khứ của “shall” He said it should rain

Mời: “Should you like… Should you like to come?

MUST =

HAVE TO

“phải”: = BE SUPPOSED

TO, OUGHT TO, HAVE GOT TO

I must go home now HAD TO

“cần phải” = NEED I need go home now

(Chú ý: “need to” là

động từ thường)

MUSTN’T “không được phép” You mustn’t use mobile

phone in class

NEEDN’T =

DON’T

HAVE TO

You needn’t hurry (Bạn không cần vội)

DARE /

DAREN’T

“dám / không dám” I daren’t ask him

Dare you? Bạn dám không?

OUGHT TO

(OUGHTN’

T TO)

“nên, phải” = SHOULD,

BE SUPPOSED TO, MUST

I ought to see him

2) CÁCH DÙNG 2:

SUY

ĐOÁN

Must V1 : chắc là Must have V3,ed: chắc là đã Can’t…

Can’t V1: không thể nào Can’t have V3/ed: không thể

nào đã

May V1 : có thể May have V3,ed: có thể đã May not… Could V1 : có thể Could have V3,ed: có thể đã Couldn’t… Would V1: có thể Would have V3,ed: có thể đã Wouldn’t… Might V1: có thể Might have V3/ed: có thể đã Mightn’t… KHUYÊN Should V1 : nên

Ought to V1: nên

Should have V3/ed: đã nên, lẽ

ra đã nên

Ought to have V3/ed: đã nên,

lẽ ra đã nên

Shouldn’t… Oughtn’t to…

Be supposed to V1: nên Be supposed to have V3/ed:

đã nên, lẽ ra đã nên

Be not supposed to…

SỰ CẦN

THIẾT

Need V1: cần Needn’t V1: không cần

Need have V3/ed: đã cần phải Needn’t have V3/ed: đã không

cần phải

Needn’t…

EXERCISE 1: Complete the following sentences with “could / should / shouldn’t / must + have + V3” or “should / must + V1”

1 Susan failed her Economics 201 last term She very upset (be)

2 This computer isn’t fast enough I know I………….a better one, but I didn’t have enough money when I bought this last month (buy)

3 Why did you stay at a hotel when you went to New York? You……… with Barbara (stay)

4 Jack fell off a ladder yesterday but he’s all right He’s lucky he……… himself badly.(hurt)

5 The situation was bad but it………worse (be)

6 You have been traveling all day You ………tired (be)

7 I’ve lost one of my gloves I …………it somewhere (drop)

8 Carol …………very bored in her job She does the same thing everyday.(get)

9 Jane walked past me without speaking She…………me (see)

10 The phone rang but I didn’t hear it I ………asleep (be)

11 I haven’t seen the people next door for ages They……….(go away)

12 That restaurant………very good It’s always full [full]of people ( be)

13 That restaurant …………very good It’s always empty (be)

14 It rained every day during their holiday, so they……… a very nice time (have)

15 Congratulations on passing your exam You………very pleased (be)

16 Bill and Sue go away on holiday very often, so they………short of money ( be)

17 Ted isn’t at work today He………ill ( be)

18 Ted wasn’t at work last week He………ill( be )

19 Carol knows a lot about films She………to the cinema a lot (go)

20 It was a great party last night You ………Why didn’t you? (come)

21 I’m feeling sick I………so much chocolate ( eat)

22 You look tired You ………to bed now (go)

23 You went to bed very late last night You………to bed earlier.(go)

24 I wonder why they are so late They………here an hour ago.( be)

25 I’m sorry I didn’t take your advice I ………what you said (do)

26 She was too far away, so she ……… you.( not /see)

27 Don passed the exam without studying for it The exam ………very difficult ( be)

28 She kne w everything about our plans She………to our conversation (listen)

29 The lights were red but the car didn’t stop The driver………the red light ( see)

30 The trip was canceled last week Paul ……….anyway because he was ill (go)

EXERCISE 2:Choose the best answer:

1 You out last night I called several times but nobody answered the phone

a must be b must have been c could have been d should have been

2 Micheal’s score on the test is the highest in the class; last night

a he must have studied hard b he should have studied hard

c he must study hard d he must had to study hard

3 Look! The yard is wet It last night

a must rain b couldn’t have rained c must have rained d should have rained

4 We you more help, but we were too busy

a might have given b might give c should give d could give

5 You your pass at the entrance unless you are asked to do so

a mustn’t show b needn’t show c haven’t to show d B &C

6 My supervisor is angry with me I didn’t do all the work I last week

a must have done b may have done c should have done d need to have done

7 You smoke in here It’s against the rules

a shouldn’t b mightn’t c mustn’t d needn’t

8 He to the doctor after the accident, but he continued to play instead

a must have gone b should have gone c couldn’t go d didn’t have to go

9 The kitchen dirty because she has just cleaned it

a should be b can’t be c mustn’t be d may be

10 Tim looks so frightened and upset He something terrible

a must experience b can have experienced

c.should have experienced d must have experienced