giáo trình ôn tậpTA

A THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HIỆN TẠI TƯƠNG LAI QK Đơn HT Đơn TL Đơn QK Tiếp Diễn HT Tiếp Diễn TL Tiếp Diễn QK Hoàn Thành HT Hoàn Thành TL Hoàn Thành QK Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn HT Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn TL Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn Ngoài có Tương Lai Gần (Be going to) Modal Verb (what, where, when, shall, should, would, may, might, must, have to, ought to, had better I Thì Hiện Tại Đơn với V thường: Cách dùng: Dấu hiệu Công thức: + Diễn tả hành động xảy thường xuyên, liên tục, thói quen hàng ngày (+) S + V(o/e/es) + … I, You, We, They + Vo She, He, It + Vs/es V kết thúc = o, sh, ch, x, sh, z + es (-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + Vo + … S I, You, We, They + Do/ Don’t S She, He, It + does/ doesn’t + Sự thật hiển nhiên (?) (Wh) + Do/Does + S + Vo…? Always, sometimes, usually, often, never, rarely, seldom, regularly Every… Once a week Twice a week times/2 times a week Thì Hiện Tại Đơn với to be: Bài tập: Chia động từ ngoặc theo HTĐ I (need) you I (not ride) horses This (weigh) 20 kilograms You (not sell) cars Ron (seem) serious He (not bring) gifts We (like) tomatoes She (not take) pictures The boy (want) to play It (not cost) so much You (need) to sleep We (not seem) so happy They (agree) with me They (not buy) new products She (hear) something strange Michael (not dance) The box (contain) food Michel (not run) fast 10 Emma (appear) sad 10 Tim and Kate (not work) every day 11 David (know) how to fix a car 11 Lucas and Clara (not eat) meat 12 Daniel and Liz (seem) happy 12 I (not swim) much 13 This (smell) bad 13 You (not ski) at all 14 I (believe) you 14 It (not be) boring 15 We (be) number one! 15 We (not give up) (I wake up) at five in the morning? (you go) to work by train? (she drink) coffee every morning? (he smoke)? (it hurt)? (we dance)? (they travel)? (Emma cook) well? (Alexander exercise) regularly? 10 (I look) well? 11 (you rest) enough? 12 (William work) too hard? 13 (they travel) often? 14 (Anthony go) to sleep too late? 15 (you bake) cakes? Gạch chân dấu hiệu có chia động từ ngoặc: Nina (walk)……………………….to school every day 10 John rarely (leave) ……………… the country 2 I (listen)………………………………to music every night He (study)……………….Information Technology every night This boy (not ride)……………………a bike every day He always (tell) ……………… us funny stories She never (help) ……………… me with that! Martha and Kevin (not swim) ……………… twice a week In this club people usually (dance) ……………… a lot ………………You (play) ………………basketball once a week? II Thì Hiện Tại Tiếp Diễn Cách dùng: + Diễn tả hành động xảy thời điểm nói + Sự thay đổi tạm thời + hành động xảy thường xuyên, làm người khác khó chịu 11 We (live) ……………… in the city most of the year 12 …………Lorie (travel) ……………… to Paris every Sunday? 13 I (bake) ……………… cookies twice a month 14 You always (teach) ……………… me new things 15 I usually (go) ……………… to school 16 They (not visit) ………………us often 17 ………………Tom (work) ……………… every day? 18 She…… (be) always beautiful Dấu hiệu Công thức: (+) S + is/am/are + V-ing… (-)S + is/am/are + not + Ving… (?) (Wh) + is/am/are+ S +V-ing ? I + am You, We, They + are She, He, It + is Now, at the moment, at present, at this time , today Listen! Look! Be quiet! Shh! (always) Bài tập: Chia động từ ngoặc, gạch chân DHNB có: I (watch) television now He (listen) to music at the moment We (not play) volley ball in the yard right now Nga and Hoa (not ) the housework at the moment You (read) the book now? Your brother (wash) his face in the bathroom now? What the children (do) in the yard right now? Where Mr Minh (work)? How your father (travel) to work? 10 Look! Hoa ( drive) a car 11 Shh! The baby (sleep) 12 Be quiet! I (talk) on phone Chia động từ ngoặc, gạch chân DHNB có: 1.Look! He (leave) the house 2.Quiet please! I (write) a test 3.She usually (walk) to school but today she (go) by bus 4.Look! Today she (go) by bike 5.Every Sunday we (go) to see my grandparents 6.He often (go) to the cinema 7.We (play) Monopoly at the moment 8.The child seldom (cry) 9.I (not / do) anything at the moment 10 (watch / he) the news regularly? 11) Andy sometimes (read) comics 12) We never (watch) TV in the morning 13) Listen! Sandy (sing) in the bathroom 14) My sister usually (help) in the kitchen 15) My mother (make) breakfast now 16) They often (clean) the bathroom 17) Look! The boys (come) home 18) Every day his grandfather (go) for a walk 19) I (chat) with my friend at the moment 20) Cats (eat)mice III Thì Quá khứ Đơn với V thường: Cách dùng: Công thức: + Diễn tả hành động xảy kết thúc khứ (+) S + Ved/2 + … (-) S + didn’t + Vo + … Dấu hiệu …ago last… yesterday in 2014← in the past (?) (Wh) + did + S + Vo…? Thì Hiện Tại Đơn với to be: Bài tập: Hoàn thành câu với hình thức khứ TO BE Yesterday …… Monday I …… at school I…………… in London last month Mom and Dad ……………… at home yesterday ………you at Nina’s house yesterday? The weather……………… nice last night I…………with him yesterday ……… he free all day yesterday? ………… they happy last week? She…………….tired last night 10 He………… at school yesterday Hoàn thành câu sử dụng to be Last night I ……… sad but now I ………….happy Yesterday I……… at school but now I……… at home The weather ……….hot today but it………cold last month Today they………… strong but last week they……weak David ………… Sam’s house now Chia động từ ngoặc: Yesterday, I (go) to the restaurant with a client We (drive) around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space When we (arrive) at the restaurant, the place (be) full The waitress (ask) us if we (have)………… reservations I (say)…………………, "No, my secretary forgets to make them." The waitress (tell) us to come back in two hours My client and I slowly (walk) back to the car Then we (see) a small grocery store We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) some sandwiches 10 That (be) better than waiting for two hours 11 I (not go) to school last Sunday 12 She (get) married last year? 13 What you (do) last night? - I (do) my homework 14 Yesterday, I (get) up at and (have) breakfast at 6.30 Chuyển câu sau sang dạng phủ định câu hỏi Yes/ No sử dụng dạng viết tắt ví dụ She went to the park with her friend last Friday => She didn’t go to the park with her friend last Friday => Did she go to the park with her friend last Friday? It was hot last summer => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… =>……………………………………………………………………………………………… They played football yesterday => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Last week I had an important meeting => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… He worked as an accountant from 1995 to 2000 => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Jim and Claire were tired of doing the same thing in the office yesterday => ……………………………………………………………………………………………… =>……………………………………………………………………………………………… IV Thì tương lai đơn Cách dùng: Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai Công thức: (+) S + will + Vo… (-) S + won’t + Vo + … Bài tập Dấu hiệu Next… Tomorrow Tonight In the future in 2016→ this evening… soon (?) (Wh) + will + S + Vo…? Hoàn tất câu sau tương lai đơn với động từ Đổi câu sau sang thể phủ định câu hỏi cho ngoặc 1.They will arrive on time 1.He (call) you tomorrow 2.He will be able to meet us later 2.They (see) us in the morning 3.We shall eat in the same restaurant again 3.I (give) you that money today 4.The weather will be cool tonight 4.She (help) you with that book 5.I shall be back in an hour 5.Mary (clean) off the table soon chia động từ: (they / come) tomorrow? When (you / get) back? If you lose your job, what (you / do)? In your opinion, (she / be) a good teacher? What time (the sun / set) today? (she / get) the job, you think? (David / be) at home this evening? What (the weather / be) like tomorrow? There’s someone at the door, (you / get) it? 10 How (he / get) here? Bài tập chia tổng hợp + gạch chân DHNB có: 1, You (be) …………………… free next Sunday morning, Tan? No, My brother and I (visit) …………………… our grandparents 2, Trang (not be) …………………… in her room at the moment She (cook) …………………… in the kitchen 3, Would you like (have) …………………… breakfast with eggs, please? 4, Lien (not go) …………………… to the movie theater tomorrow She (stay) ……………… at home and (watch) ……………… TV 5, You (like) …………………… your new school, Mai? Yes, but I am unhappy because I (not have) …………………… many friends 6, Let’s (meet) …………………… at o’clock in front of the park 7, I won’t go out now because it (rain) …………………… and I (not have) …………………… an umbrella 8, You (write) …………………… to him tonight? Yes, I always (write) …………………… to him on his birthday You )want) …………………… to send any message? 9, If I (catch) …………………… some fish, you (cook) …………………… them for me? 10, What he usually (have) …………………… for breakfast? He usually (eat) …………………… a carrot and drinks a glass of cold water 1.Mr and Mrs.Binh ( want) a new house 2.My sister ( have) _a red car 3.She would ( like) some iced coffee 4.She ( eat) some fish at the moment 5.My brother (listen) _to music in his free time 6.I ( be) _tired now I ( want) _some water 7.Nam ( go) to school every day He ( go) _to school now 8.Look! She ( play) soccer 9.They ( have) a big house 10.He ( feel) _tired now 11 Ha ( like) _badminton She They (play) it every Thursday afternoon They ( play) _badminton in the yard now 12 Which sports she ( play) _? - She ( play) _tennis She ( play) tennis at the moment 13 Which sports your sister ( play) ?- He ( play) soccer He ( play) _now 14 What Nam ( do) _in his free time?- He (jog) _ 15 Nam ( go) to the movies every evening 16 Nga (watch) _TV every evening 17 Lan( have) noodles for breakfast 18 He ( read) in the living room every day He ( read) at the moment 19 They ( not watch) TV now 20.We always ( play) _sports in the afternoon 21.David ( jog) _now 22.Mr Hung ( go) to the movies once a month 23.Nam ( want) to travel to Vung Tau very much 24.We ( go) to visit Ha Long Bay next week 25.Mai and Lan ( go) to the zoo once a month 26.David ( like) _swimming in the summer 27.Phuong ( stay) with her aunt for a week this summer 28.It’s very far from here Let’s ( go) by bus 29.What about ( visit) _him this weekend? 30.What time …………………you ( go ) ………………… to school ? 31.Lan ( watch ) ……………………….TV three times a week 32.Nam and Ba often ( go) ………………… fishing on Sundays 33.We ( not go ) ………………………to school on Sundays 34.Lien ( not listen ) ………………….to music every night 35.My brother likes jogging He ( jog ) ……………every morning At the moment he ( jog) …….… in the park 36.What is she doing ? She (cook ) …………………………… lunch 37.Where is he ? He (be ) ……………in the yard He (play ) …… ……….badminton 38.Ba (not read ) …………………… now, he ( )…………………… his homework 39.………………… Lan and Hoa ( skip) ……………………… now ? 40.They ( ) ………………………………… their homework tonight 41.Nam ( visit ) …………………………… Hue this summer vacation 42.What are you going to this summer vacation? I (visit ) ……………Ha Noi 43.We (waste) too much power at the moment 44.He ( buy) a new house next month? 45.The Nile river (be) the longest river tn the world and it (flow) to the Mediterranean Sea 46.Mr and Mrs Thinh ( not grow) vegetables in their garden 47.What about ( play) basketball this afternoon? 48.Vietnam ( have) a lot of mountains, and there (be) many tall and big trees there 49.We shouldn’t (throw) trash on the street 50.My parents (visit) Ha Long Bay this summer vacation 51 My father (watch television in the living room He often ( watch .TV in the evening 52 Don’t (talk) in class too much 53 You should ( collect) waste paper 54.They (drink) some juice at the moment 55.She can (speak) English 56.My mother (give) me a new bike next week 57.He (not go) often to the movies on Sunday nights 58.Where Mai (be) now? She (play) in the garden 59 My brother ( ) his homework in his room now He ( do) it every evening 60 You can use my dictionary I ( use ) it every day but now I ( not / use ) it V THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH (Present Perfect) Cách sử dụng: - Diễn đạt hành động xảy thời điểm không xác định khứ thời gian xác định John has traveled around the world (We don’t know when) Have you passed your driving test? - Hoặc với từ: just, recently, already, yet,… - Hành động lặp lại nhiều lần thời điểm I have watched “Iron Man” several times - Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu diễn khứ - Có từ thời gian như: since, for, ever, never, up to now, so far,… Jonh has lived in that house for 10 years (He still live there) =John has lived in that house since 2005 (Hiện 2015) - Sau cấu trúc so sánh ta dùng hoàn thành It is the most boring book that I have ever read - Sau cấu trúc: This/It is the first/second… times, phải dùng hoàn thành This is the first time he has driven a car It’s the second times he has lost his passport Các từ với hoàn thành - never: chưa - ever: có bao giờ, - just: vừa - since + mốc thời gian (since 2000 / last summer ) - for + khoảng thời gian (for ages / two years) - already: - how long: - before: trước - recently, lately: gần - yet: chưa(dùng câu phủ định câu hỏi) - many times, several times: nhiều lần - in the past (ten) years: (mười) năm qua - in the last (years): (năm) gần - so far, up to now, up to the present: - this is the first time / the second time: lần đầu / lần thứ hai E.g: - Have you seen any good films recently? - Up to the present, he has written five children books - Have you done your homework yet? - He has never told a lie - I have ever been to Europe - We have already had our breakfast Cấu trúc: Câu khẳng định Câu phủ định Câu nghi vấn Cấu trúc S + have/has+ V-ed/cột 3… S + haven’t/ hasn’t+ V-ed/cột 3… (Wh-)+ Have/ Has + S+ V-ed/cột 3…? Ví dụ I have watched this film three times She hasn’t gone to Hanoi yet Have you ever eaten this cake? Cách dùng: hành động xảy thời điểm không xác định khứ Công thức: Dấu hiệu (+) S + have/has + V3/ed… I, You, We, They + have She, He, It + has (-)S + have/has + not + V3/ed Hđ lặp lại nhiều lần hành động bắt đầu diễn khứ Just, already, up to now, up to the present, yet, lately, recently, ever, never (?) (Wh) + have/has+ S +V3/ed…? The first time, the second time many times, several times… For + Khoảng TG Since + Mốc TG hành diễn khứ có kết BÀI TẬP: A Chuyển sang dạng phủ định nghi vấn: I have watched “Iron Man” several times (-)…………………………………………………… (?)…………………………………………………… B Đặt câu hỏi cho phần gạch chân: 1.I have visited three countries up to now ……………………………………………………………………… He has lived in that house for 20 years (-)…………………………………………………… (?)…………………………………………………… 2.She has studied in London(1) since 2012 (2) ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… She has been to Paris (-)…………………………………………………… (?)…………………………………………………… They have eaten in that restaurant (1) four times(2) ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… They stayed with my grandma since 2000 (-)…………………………………………………… (?)…………………………………………………… We have been here for years ……………………………………………………………………… Leah and Lisa have drunk that tea Mary(1) has met him recently(2) (-)…………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… (?)…………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… C Chia động từ ngoặc sử dụng hoàn thành: 1.The Sound of Music (become) a timeless film 11 They (be) at the pet shop ………………………… classic…………………………… 12 We (do) the shopping for our grandmother ………… 2.Laura never (win) a beauty contest ………………… 13 You can have that newspaper I (finish) with it 3.I (listen) to the new Tom Waits CD yet ……………… ………………………… 4.(you see) any good films recently ………………… 14 There is no more cheese I (eat) it all, I’m afraid 5.The population of India (increase) since 1992 …………… ………………………… 6.You ever (write) a love letter for Valentine’ Day? 15 The bill isn’t right They (make) a mistake ………… ………………………… 16 Don’t you want to see this programme? It (start) 7.You ever (meet) a famous person ………………… ………………………… 8.We already (see) the film at home ………………… 17 It’ll soon get warm in here I (turn) the heating on 9.Karen (send) me an email ………………………… ………………………… 10 My friend (give) up smoking for months ………… 18 They (pay) money for your mother? …………… 19 Someone (take) my bicycle ………………………… 20 Wait for few minutes, please! I (finish) my dinner ………………………… 21 You ever (eat) Sushi? ………………………… 22 She (not/come) here for a long time ……………… 23 I (work) here for three years ………………………… 24 You ever (be) to New York? ………………………… 25 You (not/do) your project yet, I suppose ………………………… 26 I just (see) Andrew and he says he already (do) about half of the plan ………………………… 27 I just (decide) to start working next week ……………………… 28 He (be) at his computer for seven hours …………… 29 She (not/have) any fun a long time …………… 30 My father (not/ play) any sport since last year ………………………… 31 I’d better have a shower I (not/have) one since Thursday ………………………… 32 I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see) each other for five years ………………………… 33 I just (realize) that there are only four weeks to the end of term ………………………… 34 The train drivers (go) on strike and they stopped working at twelve o’clock ………………………… 35 How long (you/know) each other? ………………… 36 (You/ take) many photographs ? …………………… 37 (She/ eat) at the Royal Hotel yet ? …………………… 38 He (live) here all his life ………………………… 39 She (visit) Hanoi several times this year …………… 40 He (lose) all his fortune in gambling ……………… 41 It’s the most difficult exam I ever (take) …………… 42 This is the first time I (be) Ha Long Bay …………… 43 Is this the second time he (lose) his job? …………… 44 How many bottles the milkman (leave) ? He (leave) six ………………………… 45 I (buy) a new carpet Come and look at it ………… 46 She (write) three poems about her fatherland ………………………… 47 We (finish) three English courses ……………… 48 The foreign visitors (take) a lot of photographs of Hanoi city ………………………… 49 (you/have) a rely to your letter ? ………………… 50 I (not/meet) her again since her last birthday ………………………… 51 He drives very carefully; he never (have) any accidents ………………………… 52 I (have) a cold for two weeks ………………………… 53 You (grow) since the last time I saw you …………… 54 My car (broke) down three times this week ………… 55 He (fail) the final exam ………………………… 56 We (listen) to that song many times ……………… 57 James just (finish) his homework ………………… 58 Marry left school in 2005 and up to now she (be) still jobless ………………………… 59 I (spend) eighty dollars on making my hair today ………………………… 60 We (get) plenty of wine You shouldn’t buy them … 61 The house is dirty I (not/clean) it for weeks ……… 62 I’ll the shopping when I (finish) cleaning the flat ………………………… 63 I (live) here since 2001, so she (know) me for more than seven years ………………………… 64 It (be) quite cold lately in New York ……………… 65 We (taste) this meal before we come to China …………………… Bài tập chia tổng hợp Mary and John (be) _ neighbors They (know) _ each other for a long time Mary (move) _ into her house in 1990, and John (live) _ next door since he (come) _ to the area in 1988 Today (be) _ Sunday Nga (not go) _ to school She (stay) _ at home She (do) _ her homework now She (do) _ it for two hours I (be) _ in New York I (come) _ here two years ago My friend, Nancy (live) _ here since 1982 So she (know) _ the area very well Trung usually (go) _ to the library three times a week Yesterday I (be) _ busy, so I (not have) _ time to phone you Mrs Trang (not go) _ to work last week She (not be) _ feeling well I (do ) all the housework The flat is really clean now How long you (live) here? – Since 1997 Mr Quang (teach) in this school since he (graduate) _ from the university in 1989 10 My brother (leave) _ home 10 years ago I (never meet) him since then 11 Where you (spend) your summer holiday last year, Tam? 12 When we (be) _ young, our family (live) _ in the countryside 13 I (read) _ an interesting book at the moment 14 How long you (know) _ Mrs Chi? – I (know) _ her for five years 15 We (not see) _ her since we (be) _ on holiday in Ha Long bay 16 Phuong (finish) _ her homework tonight 17 It’s three years since I last (see) _ Nam 18 You (be) _ away? – Yes I (go) _ to the country last Sunday 19 I (not eat) _ anything for two days 20 They (move) _ to Ho Chi Minh City in 1990 and (live) _ there since then Reported speech: (Lời nói gián tiếp) 1/- Câu mệnh lệnh (commands): S + told/ asked + O + (not) + to V Eg: He said: “sit down, please” =>He told us to sit down “Don’t make noise!” =>The teacher told us not to make noise 2/- Câu yêu cầu lịch (Polite requests) S + told/asked + O + to infinitive Eg: “Can you open the door, please?” => He asked me to open the door 3/- Lời khuyên (advice) S + advised + (O) + (not) + to V Eg: “You should turn off the lights, Mary” Jane said => Jane advised Mary to turn off the lights “You shouldn’t smoke here” Hoa said to me => Hoa advised me not to smoke here S + told + O/ said (that) + S + should / shouldn’t + Vo a) My mother said to me, ”You should go to bed early” => My mother said that I should go to bed early b) The police said to him , “ You shouldn’t ride your bike too fast” => The police said that he shouldn’t ride his bike too fast Ex: Put these sentences into reported speech: He said to me, “Keep silent, please” ………………………………………………………………………………………… The teacher told the students, “Please study harder”…………………………………………………………………… “Please wait for me outside my room”, she said to me.…………………………………………………………… She said to me, “Bring me a cup of tea” …………………………………………………… ………… She said to her students, “Don’t talk in class.”…………………………………………………….……………………… She said: “Do your homework, please.” ………………………………………………….……………………… “Please help me my homework, Hoa.” he said………………………………………………….…………………… “Can you lend me your bike”, John said to Mary ………………………………………………….……………………… My brother said to me: “You should try to study English hard.” ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………….……… 10 Tom said to me: “please read this book.” ………….……………………………………… ……………… 11 He said to me: “You ought to contact the police.” ………………………………………………….……………………… ………………………………………………….…………………… 12 My teacher told me: “You ought not to cheat in exams.”…………………………………………… …… ………………………………………………….…………… 13 He said: “You should wise up.” ………………………………………………….……………………… ………………………………………………….…………… 14 “Could you open these windows, please?”, said my brother to her ………………………………………………….…… 15 “You should get up early.”, said Mary to David ………………………………………………….……… ……….…………………………………………… 16 My mother said to me: “Go to the market and buy some fish for me.” …………………………………………… 17 The teacher told Hoa: “Do this excersise, please.” ………………………………………………….……………… 18 Dave’s mom said to him: “Try these pants, please.” ………………………………………………….………… 19 He told me: “Wait here, please.” ………………………………………………….……………… 20 “You should visit Ha Noi next month.”, He said to me………………………………………………….………… 21 “Come back here tomorrow, please.”, They told him………………………………………………….………… 22 “Show me your report by tomorrow, please.”, My boss told me………………………………………………….……… 23 “You should save your money.” Leo’s mom said to him………………………………………………….…… 24 “You shouldn’t ride so fast like yesterday.”, The policeman told him…………………………………………… ………………………………………………….……… 25 “Pay me million by next month, please”, he said to Will………….……………………………………………… 4) Statement (Câu) Ex: They said “we will go to HCM city next week” =>They said (that) they would go to HCM city the week after *Form: said TT: S + said to O + “S + V + O” GT: S + told O Said (to O)(that) + S + V lùi + O (biến đổi) 5) Question (Câu hỏi) • Wh _ question Ex: “What did you last night, Tom” I asked => I asked Tom what he had done the night before *Form asked O TT: S + wanted to know + “Wh – question” GT: asked O S + wanted to know + Wh + S + V lùi + O (biến đổi) • Yes/No _question Ex: “Are you tired?” He asked me => He asked If/whether I was tired *Form asked O TT : S + wanted to know + “Yes/No – question” GT: asked O S + wanted to know + If/whether + S +V lùi +O(biến đổi) Câu cảm thán Ví dụ: Trực tiếp: What a lovely dress! => She exclaimed that the dress was lovely She exclaimed that the dress was a lovely once She exclaimed with admiration at the sight of the dress Những thay đổi lời nói Trực Gián tiếp: 2.1 Đổi câu: He does He is doing He has done He has been doing He did He was doing He had done He will Thay đổi Đại từ He did He was doing He has done He had been doing He had done He had been doing He had done He would ĐẠI TỪ CHỨC NĂNGTRỰC TIẾPGIÁN TIẾP Chủ ngữ Tân ngữ I he, she we He will be doing He will have done He may He may be doing He can He can have done He must do/have to He would be doing He would have done He might He might be doing He could He could have done He had to ĐẠI TỪ CHỨC NĂNGTRỰC TIẾPGIÁN TIẾP my his, her they our their you they your their me him, her mine his, her ours theirs yours theirs us them you them Các thay đổi trạng từ không gian thời gian: Đại từ Phẩm định Định danh sở hữu Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Tomorrow The next day / the following day This That The day after tomorrow In two days’ time / two days after That That Yesterday The day before / the previous day These Those The day before yesterday Two day before Here There Next week The following week Now Then Last week The previous week / the week before Today That day Last year The previous year / the year before Ago Before * Chuyển câu sau từ câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp “ I went to see him yesterday”, she said She said……………………………… .……… “ I don’t want to meet him again”, she said She said……………… …… …………………… “ Can you swim?”, he asked me He asked me…………………… ………………… He explained, “ I didn’t break the vase” He expained………………… …………………… My mother said, “ I am cooking now” My mother said…………… .………………… ………… “ What time does John get up?”, he asked me He wanted to know………… .…………………………… “ I like this book”, he said He said………………… .………………………………… “How beautiful she is!” He exclaimed ……………………………………… “Have you ever seen that film?”, he asked me He asked me…………………………… …………… 10 “ I went to Do Son last week”, she said She said………………………… 11 “I never eat meat”, he explained He explained ……………….…… ……………………… 12 “ I’ll never get married,” Tom says Tom says…………………… …………………………… 13 “If I were you, I would kept silent”, he said He said………………… …………………………… 14 “ The children had better go to bed early”, said Tom Tom said…………… …………………………… 15 “You had better keep silent”, she said She advised me…… ……………………………………… 16 “I wish I knew the answer”, he said He said…………… .……………………………………… 17 “ Please don’t tell anybody what happen” She asked me………… ………………………………… 18 She said, “I am taller than my husband” She said ……………… .………………………………… 19 “ I shouldn’t like that if I were you Isn’t it very dangerous?, she said She said… 20 “ Please give me some money I haven’t eat anything since morning”, he asked He asked…………………… ………………………………… 21 “ Hurry up, Lan!” He told Lan .………………………………………… 22 “ I feel like going to America soon” The woman looked forward to ………………… .……………………… 23 “ It’s really nice of you to help me”, Peter said to Jack Peter thanked………….for …………… …………………… 24 “ Don’t play games on computer all day”, Tom’s mother said to him Tom’s mother warned …… against ……………………… 25 “ I hear you passed your driving test Congratulation!”, Peter said to me Peter congratulated ……… on ……… …………………… 26 “ I’m sorry I didn’t my homework,” John said to his English teacher John apologized ………… for ………… ………………… 27 “ I always want to become an English teacher,” Mary said Mary dreamed of ………………………… ……………… 28 He said , ‘ This house was built in 1980” He said 29 “ Will Tom be here tomorrow?” She wondered 30 “ Please don’t smoke in my car” He asked his friend Use to: từng, thường a Form (Hình thức): (+) S + used to + V(bare-inf) (-) S + didn’t + used to + V(bare-inf) (?) Did + S + used to + V(bare-inf) ? b Usage (cách dùng): Diễn tả hành động, việc thường xảy khứ, không c Example - Last year, I used to go swimming Năm ngoái ,tôi thường bơi - My father used to drink beer,but now he doesn’t Cha thường uống bia, không - I didn’t use to get up early a year ago Cách năm không thường thức dậy sớm be/get used to + V-ing: trở nên quen với Usage : Diễn tả thói quen Example: a.I’m used to eating out b I get used to playing football Chia từ ngoặc theo cấu trúc used to + Vo, be/get used to + V-ing I was used to _(eat) at noon when I started school He used to _(eat) dinner at five o'clock When I was young, I used to _(swim) everyday He used to _(like) her, but he doesn't anymore Don't worry, some day you will get used to _(speak) English Lan can't get used to (study) He used to _(dance) every night, but now he studies Adam is used to (sleep) late on the weekends Chieks is used to (eat) American food now 10 She finally got used to _(eat) our food 11 When I was a child, I used _ (dream) of being an astronaut 12 I'm terribly nervous I'm not used _ (speak) to a large audience 13 It took us ages to get used _ (live) in an apartment house 14 Lots of trains used _ (stop) here, but not many now 15 Didn't Nick use _ (work) on a building site? 16 I'll have an orange juice, please I'm not used _ (drink) alcohol 17 David doesn't seem to mind being in hospital I suppose he's got used _ (be) there 18 When Laura was at college, she used (have) a picture of Elvis Presley on her bedroom wall 19 There used (be) a cinema here but it was knocked down a few years ago 20 When she arrived in Britain, she wasn't used (drive) on the left, but she soon got used to it Câu cảm thán What (+ a/ an) + adjective + noun (+ subject + verb)! Ex: What a boring party!  Không dùng mạo từ a/ an với danh từ không đếm danh từ số nhiều – Câu cảm thán câu diễn tả cảm giác (feeling) hay xúc động (emotion) Hình thức cảm thán thường cấu tạo với “what, how” – Cấu trúc câu cảm thán dùng “what” What + a/an + adj + noun What a lazy student! What an interesting book! Khi danh từ số nhiều, không dùng “a/an”: What beautiful flowers! What tight shoes! Đối với danh từ không đếm được: what + adj + danh từ I Dùng What đặt thành câu cảm cho câu sau: e.g It is a thick book ==> What a thick book! It is a big house ==>……………………………… They are beautiful flowers ==> …………………………… She is a kind girl ==> ……………………………… That is a nice surprise ==> ……………………………… These are expensive rings ==> …………………………… He is a fat man ==> ……………………………… It is a pity ==> ……………………………… They are dirty chairs ==> ……………………………… II Dùng How đặt thành câu cảm cho câu sau: e.g It is very nice ==> How nice it is! He is very strong ==> ……………………………… They are tall ==> ……………………………… Is is expensive ==> ……………………………… They are too dangerous ==> ……………………………… She is very young ==> ……………………………… You are rich ==> ……………………………… I am happy ==> ……………………………… We are tired ==>……………………………… What lovely flowers! What beautiful weather! Chú ý: Cấu trúc câu cảm thán với what… có subject + verb cuối câu What delicious food they served! (họ phục vụ thức ăn ngon quá) What a lovely house they have! (bạn có nhà xinh quá) – Cấu trúc câu cảm thán dùng “how”: How + adj + S + V! How cold it is! How interesting that film is! How well she sings! Bài tập Trạng từ mức độ “ENOUGH” (adv): đủ để a) The house is big enough for us to live in (Ngôi nhà lớn đủ để ở) b) She is beautiful enough to become Miss World (Cô đẹp đủ để trở thành hoa hậu giới) S + be + adj + enough + (for + O) + to- inf Trạng từ mức độ “TOO” (adv): (too…to-inf: Quá….không thể) a) He is too young to ride a motorbike b) The weather was too cold for us to go out S + be + TOO + adj + (for + O) + to-infinitive Quá ………không thể - Cấu trúc enough too: + chủ từ khác dùng for + O + không sử dụng đại từ it, her, him, them để danh từ phía trước The house is very expensive We can’t buy it.=> The house is too expensive for us to buy She is young She can’t go to school => She is too young to go to school Exercise My brother isn’t old enough to ride a motorbike.→ My brother is too young to ride a motobike Nga is very strong She can lift this table ( dùng "enough")→ Nga is strong I wasn’t tall enough to reach the book → I ……………………………………………… Hang said to me : “Turn off the TV, please.” → Hang told me He didn’t speak slowly enough for me to understand → He ……………………………………………………… Her son doesn’t study hard enough to pass the exam → Her …………………………………………………… Na is very tired She cannot play volleyball (dùng "too”)→ Na is too William is too fat to wear the jeans.→ William is …………………………………………………………… …… David was too sick to go to work.→ David……………………………………………………………………… 11 She is too weak to get up.→ She ………………………………………………………………………… 12 My teacher said to me: “You should go to school on time" → My teacher said 11.Vy usually had a lot of friends → Vy used ………………………………….………… 12 The water in this river was cold, so we can’t swim in it.→The water in this river isn’t………… ……………………… 13.My sister is four years old , so she can’t go to school alone.→ My sister isn’t …………………………………………… 14.She can’t work hard because she is very old → She isn’t …………………………………………………………… 15.We couldn’t go out at night because the weather was very cold.→ The weather wasn’t ………………………… ……… 16 My sister can’t get married because she is young ………………………………………………………………/ ………………………………………………………………… 17 I didn’t buy a new computer because I didn’t have money …………………………………………………………… 18 He is very short, so he can’t play basketball -He is…………………………………………………………/…………………………………………………………… 19 The house is very expensive We can’t buy it - The house ……………………………………………………/…………………………………………………………… CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE I: Diễn tả việc xảy tương lai IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If) Simple Present If + S + V/Vs/Ves If + S + don’t / doesn’t + Vnguyên thể MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính) Simple Future S + will + (not) + Vnguyên thể Will + S + Vnguyên thể…? Hoàn thành câu với hình thức đơn Nina (walk)……………………….to school every day I ( not listen)…………… ……to music every night …………………they (love)………….English? He (study)………… Information Technology every night …………………he (carry)…………………… a big TV? You (ride)……………………a bike every day They (sweep)………………………….the floor I (use)………………………… this pen to draw I usually (not go) ………………… to school 10 They (not visit) …………………us often 21 You (play) …………………basketball once a week 22 ………Tom (work) ………………… every day? 23 He always (tell) …………………us funny stories 24 She never (help) …………………me with that! 25 ……Martha and Kevin (swim) ……… twice a week? 26 In this club people usually (dance) ………… a lot 27 Linda (take care) …………………of her sister 28 John rarely (leave) …………………the country 29 We (not live) ………………… in the city most of the year 30 ………Lorie (travel) ……… to Paris every Sunday? 31 I (not bake) ………………… cookies twice a month 32 You always (teach) ………………… me new things Conditional Sentence Type I : 1/ If he (study) harder, he can pass an exam 2/ She may be late if she (not hurry) 3/ Tell him to ring me if you (see) him 4/ If you are kind to me, I (be) _ good to you 5/ If he (give) _ up smoking, as his doctor orders, he will be soon well again 7/ You (not pass) your driving test unless you drive more carefully 8/ He’ll be ill if he (not stop) worrying so much 10/ Jane never( get) there on time if the train leaves soon 11 I'll be very angry if he (make)……………………… any more mistakes 12 If he (wash)…………………… my car I'll give him Ј10 13 If he (not eat)…………………… all that he will be ill Rewrite the following sentences, using Conditional Sentences Type I : 1/ My brother will have enough money He will buy a bicycle=> If _ 2/ I’ll buy a new hat I’ll give it to you.=> If _ 3/ You’ll ask the teacher He’ll explain the lesson to you => If _ CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE II: Diễn tả việc thật IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If) Simple Past If + S + Ved/V2 If + S + didn’t + Vnguyên thể MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính) S + would + (not) + Vnguyên thể Would + S + Vnguyên thể…? Lưu ý: + Ở mệnh đề IF, động từ TO BE ta dùng WERE cho tất chủ ngữ + WOULD = (dạng khứ WILL) + COULD = (dạng khứ CAN) Ví dụ: + IF I WERE YOU, I WOULD GET A DIVORCE = Nếu bạn, nộp đơn ly dị + IF DOGS HAD WINGS, THEY WOULD BE ABLE TO FLY = Nếu chó có cánh, chúng biết bay Hoàn thành câu với hình thức khứ đơn I _ at home all weekend ( stay) Angela to the cinema last night (go) My friends a great time in Nha Trang last year (have) My vacation in Hue wonderful (be) Last summer I _ Ngoc Son Temple in Ha Noi (visit) My parents very tired after the trip ( be) I _ a lot of gifts for my little sister (buy) Lan and Mai _ sharks at an aquarium.(see) Trung _ chicken and rice for dinner (eat) 10 They about their holiday in Hoi An (talk) 11 Phuong _ to Hanoi yesterday (not return) 12 We _ the food was delicious.(not think) 13 Yesterday, I (not go) to the restaurant with a client 14 The waitress (not ask) us if we _ (have) reservations 15 He ( not tell) us to come back in two hours 16 we (not see) a small grocery store then 17 We (not buy) some sandwiches 18 I (not go) to school last Sunday 19 She _ (not / study) French at university 20 He (not / think) that he was right 21.Where _ (you / live) when you were young? 22 (He /travel) through the Middle East last year? 23 _ (they / visit) the Louvre in Paris? 24 _ (She / watch) TV yesterday? 25 (you / buy) a new car last weekend 26Where (you / teach) before you came here? 27 _ (Lucy / read) ‘War and Peace’ at school? 28 (She/ write) to her grandmother? 29 (You / have ) a computer when you were a child? Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type II) by putting the verbs into the correct form If we (have) ……………… a yacht, we (sail) ………………………the seven seas If he (have) ……………… more time, he (learn) ……………………….karate If they (tell) ……………… their father, he (be) ……………………… very angry She (spend) ……………… a year in the USA if it (be) ……………………….easier to get a green card If I (live) ……………… on a lonely island, I (run) ……………………… around naked all day We (help) ……………… you if we (know) ……………………… how My brother (buy) ……………… a sports car if he (have) ……………………………… the money If I (feel) ……………… better, I (go) ……………………………….to the cinema with you If you (go) ……………… by bike more often, you (be / not) ……………………… so flabby 10 She (not / talk) …………………… to you if she (be) ……………………… mad at you 11 If you ( help) your grandma, I ( do) the shopping 12 Andrew ( water) the flowers if he .( stay) at home 13 If she .( have) pounds more, she ( buy) herself this T-shirt 14 If they .( offer) me the job, I ( take) it 15 You .(have) summer holidays from June till August if you ( live) in the USA 16 17 18 19 20 We .(sell) the bike for 20 Euros if Ron .( repair) it If you ( use) a pencil, the drawing ( be) perfect The children .( be) happy if he ( teach) them English If Irene .(visit) us, we ( go) out tonight They .(come) again if he .(plan) a second stay [...]... (cách dùng): Diễn tả hành động, sự việc thường xảy ra ở quá khứ, bây giờ không còn nữa c Example - Last year, I used to go swimming Năm ngoái ,tôi thường đi bơi - My father used to drink beer,but now he doesn’t Cha tôi thường uống bia, nhưng bây giờ thì không - I didn’t use to get up early a year ago Cách đây 1 năm tôi đã không thường thức dậy sớm be/get used to + V-ing: trở nên quen với Usage : Diễn... Ex: What a boring party!  Không dùng mạo từ a/ an với danh từ không đếm được hoặc danh từ số nhiều – Câu cảm thán là câu diễn tả một cảm giác (feeling) hay một xúc động (emotion) Hình thức cảm thán thường được cấu tạo với “what, how” – Cấu trúc của câu cảm thán dùng “what” What + a/an + adj + noun What a lazy student! What an interesting book! Khi danh từ ở số nhiều, không dùng “a/an”: What beautiful... enough + (for + O) + to- inf Trạng từ chỉ mức độ “TOO” (adv): quá (too…to-inf: Quá….không thể) a) He is too young to ride a motorbike b) The weather was too cold for us to go out S + be + TOO + adj + (for + O) + to-infinitive Quá ………không thể - Cấu trúc enough và too: + nếu 2 chủ từ khác nhau thì dùng for + O + không sử dụng các đại từ it, her, him, them để chỉ danh từ phía trước The house is very... câu cảm thán dùng “what” What + a/an + adj + noun What a lazy student! What an interesting book! Khi danh từ ở số nhiều, không dùng “a/an”: What beautiful flowers! What tight shoes! Đối với danh từ không đếm được: what + adj + danh từ I Dùng What đặt thành câu cảm cho những câu sau: e.g It is a thick book ==> What a thick book! 1 It is a big house ==>……………………………… 2 They are beautiful flowers ==> ……………………………... 2/ I’ll buy a new hat I’ll give it to you.=> If _ 3/ You’ll ask the teacher He’ll explain the lesson to you => If _ CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE II: Diễn tả sự việc không có thật ở hiện tại IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If) Simple Past If + S + Ved/V2 If + S + didn’t + Vnguyên thể MAIN CLAUSE (Mệnh đề chính) S + would + (not) + Vnguyên thể Would + S + Vnguyên thể…? Lưu ý: + Ở ... gone to Hanoi yet Have you ever eaten this cake? Cách dùng: hành động xảy thời điểm không xác định khứ Công thức: Dấu hiệu (+) S + have/has + V3/ed… I, You, We, They + have She, He, It + has... việc thường xảy khứ, không c Example - Last year, I used to go swimming Năm ngoái ,tôi thường bơi - My father used to drink beer,but now he doesn’t Cha thường uống bia, không - I didn’t use to... (+ a/ an) + adjective + noun (+ subject + verb)! Ex: What a boring party!  Không dùng mạo từ a/ an với danh từ không đếm danh từ số nhiều – Câu cảm thán câu diễn tả cảm giác (feeling) hay xúc