SỞ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO TẠO VĨNH PHÚCTRƯỜNG THPT VĨNH TƯỜNG CHUYÊN ĐỀ MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ VÀ CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM Môn : Tiếng Anh Đối tượng bồi dưỡng: Học sinh lớp 12 Dự kiến số tiết bồi
Trang 1SỞ GIÁO DỤC & ĐÀO TẠO VĨNH PHÚC
TRƯỜNG THPT VĨNH TƯỜNG
CHUYÊN ĐỀ
MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ VÀ CÁC DẠNG BÀI TẬP TRẮC NGHIỆM
Môn : Tiếng Anh
Đối tượng bồi dưỡng: Học sinh lớp 12
Dự kiến số tiết bồi dưỡng:9 tiết.
Tác giả: Đặng Hà Thu Chức vụ: Giáo viên Tiếng Anh
Năm học: 2013 - 2014
Trang 2A PHẦN MỞ ĐẦU
I Lý do chọn đề tài
Năm học 2013-2014 là năm tiếp tục thực hiện hình thức thi trắc nghiệm đối với môntiếng Anh ở các kì thi tốt nghiệp THPT, thi ĐH, CĐ của bộ GD & ĐT Trong chương trình tiếngAnh THPT hiện nay, mệnh đề quan hệ là một phần kiến thức hết sức quan trọng, có trong các kì thitốt nghiệp và thi ĐH,CĐ Muốn làm tốt được các bài tập trắc nghiệm về mệnh đề quan hệ thì họcsinh cần phải nắm được các vấn đề cơ bản liên quan đến đại từ quan hệ ,mệnh đề quan hệ trongtiếng Anh, chuyển từ hình thức làm các bài tập tự luận sang bài tập trắc nghiệm Vì vậy tôi chọnchuyên đề “ Mệnh đề quan hệ và các dạng bài tập trắc nghiệm” làm vấn đề nghiên trong báo cáocủa mình
II Mục đích.
Khi viết báo cáo chuyên đề này, tôi chỉ mong được góp thêm một vài ý kiến của mình về cácvấn đề liên quan đến mệnh đề quan hệ trong tiếng Anh giúp giáo viên có thể tham khảo thêm trongviệc ôn tập cho học sinh chuẩn bị cho các kỳ thi sắp tới
III Đối tượng nghiên cứu.
Trong chương trình tiếng Anh THPT hiện nay, mệnh đề quan hệ được đưa vào giảng dạy từkhối 10 Trong đề tài của mình, tôi chỉ tập trung vào một số vấn đề lý thuyết và bài tập của mệnh đềquan hệ như cấu trúc, cách sử dụng, một số dạng đặc biệt của mệnh đề quan hệ trong Tiếng anh…
và một số dạng bài tập viết, bài tập trắc nghiệm tương ứng để củng cố cho phần kiến thức ở trên ,nhằm giúp học sinh hiểu và nắm được những kiến thức cơ bản và nâng cao của mệnh đề quan hệtrong Tiếng anh để các em có thể làm tốt các dạng bài tập trắc nghiệm về mệnh đề quan hệ trongTiếng anh Đối tượng bồi dưỡng chuyên đề này là học sinh khối 12 chuẩn bị thi Đại học và Caođẳng Số tiết dự kiến bồi dưỡng đề tài này là 9 tiết
IV Phạm vi nghiên cứu.
Chương trình Tiếng anh THPT năm học 2013-2014
Các loại đề thi TN THPT và ĐHCĐ của Bộ Giáo dục và Đào tạo các năm từ 2008 đến 2013
V.Cơ sở nghiên cứu.
Tôi nghiên cứu đề tài này dựa trên những cơ sở sau
- Dựa vào thực tế giảng dạy
- Dựa vào một số tài liệu tham khảo về mệnh đề quan hệ
- Dựa và một số ý kiến của đồng nghiệp
2
Trang 3B PHẦN NỘI DUNG
PART 1: RELATIVE PRONOUNS & RELATIVE ADVERBS
I Relative pronouns: WHO/ WHOM/ WHICH/ THAT/ WHOM
Relative
pronouns
Examples Uses
Who
1 He is the actor He was awarded the Oscar
He is the actor who was awarded the Oscar
2 The little girl ate sweets all day She sat beside me on the
train
The little girl who sat beside me on the train ate sweets
all day
3 That’s the man We met him yesterday
That’s the man who we met yesterday
4 The person wasn’t Michael You met him
The person who you met wasn’t Michael
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người làm chủ ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ chỉ người để làm chủ ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó
Whom 5 That’s the man whom we met yesterday
6 The person whom you met wasn’t Michael
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người làm tân ngữ, đứng sau tiền ngữ chỉ người để làm tân ngữ cho động từ đứng sau nó
Which
7 I bought a camera It doesn’t work properly
The camera which I bought doesn’t work properly
8 We were in the team The team won the cup
We were in the team which won the cup
9 Here’s the dog I found it in the street
Here’s the dog which I found in the street
10 The castle was interesting We visited that castle
The castle which we visited was interesting
- Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ cho động từ sau nó
- Theo sau which có thể là một động từ hoặc một chủ ngữ
That 11 He is the actor that was awarded the Oscar
12 The person that you met wasn’t Michael
13 We were in the team that won the cup
14 The castle that we visited was interesting
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người lẫn vật, có thể được dùng thay cho Who, Whom,Which trong mệnh đề quan
hệ thuộc loại Restricted Clause (Mệnh đề xác định)
15 That’s Mrs Brown His wife died last month
Trang 4 That’s Mrs Brown, whose wife died last month
16 Is he the boy? His bag was stolen
Is he the boy whose bag was stolen?
17 There’s the camera Its lens is broken
There’s the camera whose lens is broken
(= )
18 Draw a circle Its radius is 1 inch
Draw a circle whose radius is 1 inch
(= )
Là đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, thay cho tính từ sở hữu Whose cũng được dùng cho of which
II Relative adverbs: WHERE/ WHEN/ WHY
2 The year was 2001 We left in that year
The year when we left was 2001
(= )
- Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ thời gian, đứng sau tiền ngữchỉ thời gian, dùng thay cho
at, on, in + which, then
Where
3 That’s the centre The conference is being held there
That’s the centre where the conference is being held
6 We chose this flat because of its location
Its location is the reason why we choose this flat
(= )
- Là trạng từ quan hệ chỉ lí
do, đứng sau tiền ngữ “the reason”, dùng thay cho “for the reason”
4
Trang 5*** Note:
a I’ll never forget the day that the earthquake happened.
b Have you got a place that I can store my schoolbooks?
c That’s the reason that he lied to you
d That’s the place in that I was born X
e This is Paul, that you spoke to last week X
PRACTICE
I Complete the personal ads by circling the correct relative pronouns
Best Friends – I’m a 28-year-old (1 who/ which) enjoys reading, baseball, movies, and long walks
in the country You’re a 20- to 30-year-old woman (2 who/ whose) interests are compatible with mine and (3 who/ whose) believes that friendship is the basis of a good marriage
Star Struck – You remind me of Kevin Costner, (4 who/ that) is my favourite actor I remind you
of a movie (5 who/ that) is fun and full of surprises Won’t you be my leading man as we dance across
the screen of life?
Where Are You? – 35-year-old, career-oriented female (6 who/ which) relaxes at the gym and (7.
who/ whose) personality varies from philosophical to funny, seeks male counterpart
Forever – Are you looking for a friendship (8 who/ which) will stand the test of time? Call this
28-year-old male (9 who/ which) believes in forever
Soulmates? – The things (10 that/ who) make me happy are chocolate cake, travel, animals,
music, and you, (11 whose/ who) ideas of a good time are similar to mine
Enough Said – I want to meet a guy (12 who/ whose) is smart enough to read, active enough to
run for a bus (13 that/ who) just left the stop, silly enough to appreciate David Letterman, and mature enough to want a commitment I’m a 25-year-old female (14 who/ which) finds meaning in building a
relationship and family
II Choose the correct relative adverb.
1 This is the station where/when/why Emily met James
2 July and August are the months where/when/why most people go on holiday
3 Do you know the reason where/when/why so many people in the world learn English?
4 This is the church where/when/why Sue and Peter got married
5 Edinburgh is the town where/when/why Alexander Graham Bell was born
6 25 December is the day where/when/why children in Great Britain get their Christmas presents
7 A famine was the reason where/when/why so many Irish people emigrated to the USA in the 19th
century
8 A greengrocer's is a shop where/when/why you can buy vegetables
9 The day where/when/why I arrived was very nice
10 A horror film was the reason where/when/why I couldn't sleep last night.
Trang 6III Look at the pictures and use prompts to write sentences
1 A tree/ tall/ have/ leaves
The tree which is tall doesn’t have any leaves
B trees/ have/ leaves/ be/ short
2 A bottle/ big/ full
B bottles/ small/ empty
3 A girl/ has/ short hair/ be called/ Melissa
B girls/ hair/ be/ long/ be called/ Lucy, Tinaand Debbie
1 Ability to Change and Accept Change
Successful couples are those a who b are (be) able to adapt to changes c _ d.
_ (occur) within the marriage or in the other partner People e _ f _ (stay) happily married see themselves “as free agents g _ h _ (make) choices in life
2 Ability to Live with the Unchangeable
They can live with situations a _ b _ (not change) They
accept the knowledge that there are some conflicts c _ d _
(remain) unsolvable This attitude relates to life in general According to the study, “People e.
_ marriages f _ (end) because of a crisis, such as an illness or a
financial disaster, often are people g _ cannot live with the realities of theirexistence.” Their only answer is to end the relationship
3 Assumption of “Forever”
Most newlyweds believe their marriage is “forever.” This is an important belief a _
b _ (help) the relationship survive problems
4 Trust
In marriage, trust allows for the sense of security a _ b _
(make) long and satisfying relationships possible It is the glue c _ d.
_ (hold) the marriage together
5 Enjoying Each Other’s Company
6
Trang 7According to the study, “Although they may spend evenings quietly together in a room, the silence
a. _ b _ (surround) them is the comfortable silence of two people c _ d _ (know) they do not have to talk to feel close.”
They can simply enjoy being together
6 Shared History
A marriage is a relationship a _ b _ (have) a reality and
history of its own People in good marriages value their shared history and gain strength from it Theykeep it alive with family stories and photos
7 Luck
What role does luck play? You need luck in choosing a partner a _ b
_ (have) the ability to change and trust and love You need luck, too, in the type of
family you come from Research suggests that families c _ members d
_ (be) warm and supportive provide good preparation for future relationships You
also need luck with life itself This is often a question of attitude According to the study, “Couples e
_ f _ (consider) themselves lucky are the ones g _ h _ (seize) luck where they are able to.” They don’t wait for
luck to come to them
V Combine the information to make news items Make the sentence in brackets into a relative clause
(0) A man has gone to prison (He shot two policemen.)
The man who shot two policemen has gone to prison.
1 A bomb caused a lot of damage (It went off this morning.)
Trang 8PART 2: DEFINING vs NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Defining Relative Clauses Non – defining Relative Clauses
1a The person who is wearing the blue shirt
I Circle the correct word
1 The minister, which/ who was appointed just last week, made no comment on the situation.
2 Isn’t that the spot which/ where the accident happened last night?
3 The human brain, which/ who weighs about 1400 grams, is ten times the size of a baboon’s.
4 There are several reasons which/ why I don’t want to see Michael tonight.
5 This is the office which/ where I work.
6 The new girl in our class, who’s/ whose name is Alexandra, seems really nice.
7 The Titanic, which/ that people said was unsinkable, sank on her maiden voyage
8 All the people to who/ whom the e-mail was sent replied.
9 April 1st, which/ when we play tricks on people, is known as April Fool’s Day.
10 Harry Hill, who/ whose new series starts next week, is one of my favourite comedians.
11 A very popular breed of dog is the German Shepherd, which/ who is often used as a guard dog
12 Blackpool Tower, which/ that was modelled on the Eiffel Tower, is a very well-known landmark
II If a word in bold is correct, put a tick () If it is incorrect, rewrite it correctly
1 November 5th was the day which Guy Fawkers tried to blow up Parliament _
2 There were none of my favourite biscuits left when I had a cup of tea, that was really annoying.
_
3 I’ve just got a new webcam that takes really clear pictures _
4 The Godfather was made by Francis Ford Copolla, who’s daughter is also a film director.
_
5 Can you think of any reason which Cathy should be angry with me? _
6 Here’s a photo of the hotel where we stayed in when we were Beijing _
7 How do you think the first man whom walked on the moon felt? _
8 This is the first occasion on which the leaders of these two countries have met.
_
9 He is a person for who very few people feel much sympathy _
10 The moment which the hero suddenly appears from behind a tree is the best moment in the whole
film _
11 I met a man which had a dog with only three legs _
12 My new school, who I moved to about a month ago, seem like quite a friendly place.
_
III Complete this advertisement Put in an appropriate relative pronoun/ adverb
8
Trang 9A The town of Keswick, (0) which lies at the heart of the Lake District, is the perfect place for a
holiday, and the Derwent Hotel, (1) overlooks the town, is the perfect place to stay Robinand Wendy Jackson, (2) bought this small hotel three years ago, have already won anexcellent reputation Robin, (3) cooking is one of the reasons (4) the Derwent
is so popular, was once Young Chef of the Year The comfort of the guests, (5) the ownerstreat almost as members of the family, always comes first Peter Ustinov, (6) has so oncestayed at the hotel, described it as ‘marvellous’ And the Lake District, (7) has so muchwonderful scenery and (8) the poet Wordsworth lived, will not disappoint you
B Lacrosse, which was invented by the Native North Americans, is widely considered to be the first
real American sport However, the game has changed drastically since the fifteenth century, (1) it was first played
In early versions of the game, each team could have 100 to 1000 players, (2) played on an enormous field Players threw ball, (3) could be made from deerskin,clay, stone or wood, at a tree or rock to gain points Lacrosse games, (4) could lastfor days, were used to settle arguments between tribes and to prepare young men for war Playerssometimes killed or injured members of the other team, (5) they would attack inorder to score a goal more easily
In the nineteenth century, (6) lacrosse had become less violent, FrenchCanadians started to play the game Today lacrosse is the fastest growing sport on the United States and
is popular throughout Canada, (7) it is the official summer sport Balls are nowmade of rubber and there are ten players in a team, not hundreds But lacrosse is still dangerous andplayers have to wear special protective clothing
IV Match the parts and write sentences with an adding clause Use who or which.
0 The Grand Canyon He was in prison for 27 years He was one of the Beatles
1 Nelson Mandela He was killed in 1980 He became President of South Africa
2 John Lennon It is 140 million miles away It is one of the wonders of the world
3 The Titanic It is over 200 miles long It is known as the red planet
4 Queen Victoria It sank in 1912 It stood for 28 years
6 The Berlin Wall She came to the throne in 1837 She ruled over the British Empire
0 The Grand Canyon, which is over 200 miles long, is one of the wonders of the world.
V Put in the relative clauses Sometimes there is one than one possible answer.
0 Someone knows all about it – the secretary
The person who knows all about it is the secretary
1 Zedco has 10,000 employees It’s an international company
Zedco, , is an international company
Trang 102 Vicky’s name was missed off the list, so she wasn’t very pleased.
Vicky, , wasn’t very pleased
3 Laura painted a picture, and it’s being shown in an exhibition
The picture is being shown n an exhibition
4 We’re all looking forward to a concert It’s next Saturday
The concert is next Saturday
5 One week Mike an Harriet went camping It was the wettest of the year
The week was the wettest of the year
6 Aunt Joan is a bit deaf, so she didn’t hear the phone
Aunt Joan, , didn’t hear the phone
7 You’ll meet Henry tomorrow He’s also a member of the board
Henry, , is also a member of the board
8 I’ll see you near the post office We met there the other day
I’ll see you near the post office,
VI Rewrite as one sentence using a relative clause.
1 My friend, Simon, plays the guitar He has just released a CD
My friend, Simon, who has just released a CD, plays the guitar
2 Prince Charles is heir to the throne of England His wife was Princess Diana
Trang 1116 Bill Clinton was the forty-second President of the United States His father died three monthsbefore he was born (whose)
17 Although he was born in Bonn, Ludwig van Beethoven moved to Vienna in 1792 He soonestablished a reputation there as a piano virtuoso (where)
PART 3: RELATIVE CLAUSES WITH PREPOSITIONS
I Relative Pronouns as the Object of Prepositions
- She is interested in reading books.
- I completely agree with you.
- Be quiet! I’m trying to concentrate on my work.
Relative pronouns as the object of preposition.
1 This is the bus I’ve been waiting for the bus 1 This is the bus that I’ve been waiting for
2 This is the book I’m interested in the book 2 This is the book I’m interested in
3 That is the man I’m talking about the man 3 That is the man _
II Relative Clauses with Prepositions
That is the bus I’ve been waiting for it
That is the bus which/ that I
have been waiting for
That is the bus for which I have
been waiting
That is the bus I have been
waiting for
That’s the man I went to France with that man
That’s the man who/ that I went
to France with
That’s the man with whom I
went to France with
That’s the man I went to France