Câu chủ động phải có đủ 3 thành phần : chủ ngữ S, động từ V, và tân ngữ O thì mới có thể biến sang câu bị động.. Trong đó tân ngữ phải chịu tác động của hành động.. Ví dụ: "She has got a
Trang 11
-Câu chủ động và -Câu bị động
1 The simple present
2 The present continuous
3 The present perfect
4 The simple past
5 The past continuous
6 The past perfect
7 The near future
Thì tơng lai gần S + is/am/ are + going to + V (infinitive) + O S + am/is/are + going to + be +P2 + by O
8 The simple future
Thì tơng lai đơn giản S + will / shall + V (infinitive) + O S + will/ shall + be + Pby O 2 + một số quy tắc chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1 Câu chủ động phải có đủ 3 thành phần : chủ ngữ (S), động từ (V), và tân ngữ (O) thì mới có thể biến sang câu bị động Trong đó tân ngữ phải chịu tác động của hành động
Ví dụ: "She has got a dog" không thể chuyển sang câu bị động
"She reads." không có tân ngữ nên không thể chuyển sang câu bị động
2 Cách chuyển đổi
3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết (time expression) của câu chủ động và bị động giống nhau
4 Dùng câu bị động khi:
- Không biết ngời thực hiện hành động
- Không quan tâm đến ngời thực hiện hành động
- Chỉ quan tâm đến bản thân hành động
5 Có thể bỏ By + O nếu O là các tr ờng hợp sau:
- Các đại từ bất định: Someone, Every body
- People, You, Them
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
1 The room is cleaned everyday.
- Somebody ……….
2 They cancelled all the flights because of fog.( to cancel: hoãn)
- All the flights ………
3 This road is not used very often.
- This road ………
4 How do people learn languages?
- People ……….
5 People advised us not to go out alone.( to advise: khuyên)
- We ………
6 The girl did not give me the money.
- I ………
- The money ……….
Trang 22
-7 A man asked me several difficult questions at the interview.
- I ………
8 Nobody told me the story.
- I ……….
- The story ……….
9 Oil lamps were used years ago.
- People ……….
10 When did they open that hospital?
- When ………
11 The atmosphere protects the earth from harmful radiation from the sun.( to protect: b¶o vÖ)
- The earth ………
12 Did anyone see you come in?
- Were you ………?
13 She'll be told which bus to catch.
- Someone ……….
14 The house was broken into.
- Somebody………
15 He was not taken care of by his mother.
- His mother……….
16 They will inform you the result of the exam by letter.( to inform: th«ng b¸o)
- You ……….
- The result ……….
17 When will the shop be opened?
- ………they………?
18 They will serve fish to the guests about ten minutes from now.
- Fish ……….
19 A textbook will be published by that company next year.( to publish: xuÊt b¶n)
- That company……….
20 I was told to change the way by my friends.
- My friends ……….
21 Shakespeare wrote many famous plays.
- Many famous plays ……….
22 Bill will invite Ann to the party.
- Ann ………
23 Is the course taught by professor Jackson?
- Does ?
24 Doctor Ikeda developed that theory.( to develop: ph¸t triÓn)
- That theory ………
25 A storm destroyed the small fishing village.( to destroy: ph¸ huû)
- The small ……….
26 The Washington Monument is visited by hundreds of people every day.
- Hundreds of people
27 The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today.
- Paper, ………
28 Jim’s daughter drew that picture.
- That picture ………
29 A new roof was put on last year.
- They………
30 Someone empties the dustbins every Thursday.
- The dustbins ………
31 She delivers milk at about six o’clock
- Milk ………
32 They will probably send him back to Britain.
- He ………
33 They found him dead in his flat early this morning.
- He ……….
34 A doctor examined the elephant.
- The elephant ………
Trang 33
-35 They took it back to the zoo.
- It ………
36 The club bought him 2 years ago for a fee of $20 000.(fee: mức chuyển nhợng)
- He ………
37 Stephen made this film in Hollywood last year.
- This film ……….
38 Irish fisherman used this kind of boat one thousand years ago.
- This kind ………
39 Redwood took the photos during his voyage.
- The photos ………
40 Lisa wrote all the songs on this new album.
- All the songs ………
41 They print the words to all the songs on the back of the cover.( to print: in)
- The words ………
42 They will repeat this documentary on BBC next week.(to repeat: nhắc lại)
- This documentary ………
43 Now people find this kind of bird in only a few remote places in Scotland.
- This kind of bird ………
44 This kind of bird is protected by laws.( to protect: bảo vệ)
- Laws……….
45 The boss will meet him tomorrow in the restaurant.
- He ………
46 He will be given some money by the company when he retires
- The company ………
- Some money ………
47 Rossi produced “ War in Space “.
- “War in Space” ………
48 She bought some tulips yesterday.
- Some tulips ………
49 He usually washes his car every Sunday morning.
- His car ………
50 His experiment was carried out ten years ago.( to carry: thực hiện)
- He ………
51 They grow rice in the north.
- Rice ………
52 The postman was bitten by our dog.( to bite- bit- bitten: cắn, đốt)
- Our dog ………
53 What did he write with it?
- What was ………?
54 They will hold an international conference in Hanoi next month.(to hold- held- held: tổ chức)
- An international ………
55 The Persian invented windmills around 500 years ago.
- Windmills ………
56 I’ll meet her at the airport.
- She ………
ACTIVE - PASSIVE 11 th grade - TEST
Time: 15 mins Change the active into the passive.
1 Bill will invite Ann to the party.
- Ann………
2 I didn't write that letter.
- That letter………
Trang 44
-3 Hundreds of people visit the White House everyday.
- The White House……….
4 Everyone doesn't know this fact very well.
- This fact……….
5 Do you wash the dishes everyday?
- Are………?
1 Shakespeare wrote that play.
- That play………
2 Does Jackson give that lecture?
- Is ………?
3 They will send you the money at the end of the month.
- You……….
4 People speak Spanish in many countries.
- Spanish………
5 The children often read stories in the evening.
- Stories……….
1 Alice didn't make that cake.
- That cake……….
2 They buy newspapers everywhere in the city.
- Newspapers ………
3.That company will publish a textbook next year.
- A textbook ……….
4 She delivers milk at about six o’clock
- Milk ………
5 Somebody cleans the room everyday.
- The room ……….
1 A man asked me several difficult questions at the interview.
- I ………
2 They will probably send him back to Britain.
- He ………
3 Now people find this kind of bird in only a few remote places in Scotland.
- This kind of bird ………
4 They grow rice in the north.
- Rice ………
5 We don't raise cows on our farm.
- Cows ………
1 People used oil-lamps years ago.
- Oil-lamps ……….
2 The boss will meet him tomorrow in the restaurant.
- He ………
3 The old woman feeds fowls twice a day.
- The fowls ………
4 Does he often clean the windows?
- Are……….?
5 She doesn't grow any trees in her garden.
- Trees ………
1 The company will give him some money when he retires
- When he retires, he ………
2 They took it back to the zoo.
- It ………
Trang 55
-3 Someone picks the fruits everyday.
- Fruits………
4 Does the girl do the housework?
- Is ……… ?
5 They don't drive out the cattle to the field in the winter.
- The cattle………
1 The club bought him 2 years ago for a fee of $20 000.
- He ………
2 I’ll meet her at the airport.
- She ………
3 Japan makes a lot of cars.
- Cars………
4 They don't keep cows over there.
- Cows ………
5 Does machine do most of the farm work?
- Is ………?
Trang 66
-ACTIVE AND PASSIVE 12
57 Somebody cleans the room everyday
58 They cancelled all the flights because of fog
59 People do not use this road very often
- This road ………
60 How do people learn languages?
61 People advised us not to go out alone
- We ………
62 They are going to build a supermarket next year
63 She is using the computer at the moment
- The computer ………
Trang 77
-64 They are opening a new ring road round the city
65 They have built a big hospital which costs much money
66 The girl did not give me the money
67 A man asked me several difficult questions at the interview
68 Nobody told me the story
69 About 30 million people are watching this program
- This program ………
70 They are building some new houses down the street
71 They have moved nothing in your room
72 People used oil-lamps years ago
73 When did they open that hospital?
- When ………
74 The atmosphere protects the earth from harmful radiation from the sun
75 Did anyone see you come in?
76 He hates people staring at him
77 Someone will tell her which bus to catch
78 Thieves broke into the house
79 His mother did not take care of him
80 They will inform you the result of the exam by letter
81 When will they open the shop?
- When ………
82 They will serve fish to the guests about ten minutes from now
83 They have sold thousands of CD machines since 1980
84 That company will publish a textbook next year
85 My friends told me to change the way
86 Shakespeare wrote many famous plays
87 Bill will invite Ann to the party
- Ann ………
88 Alex is preparing that report
- That report ………
89 The teacher is going to explain the lesson
Trang 88
-90 Kathy had returned the book to the library
91 Does professor Jackson teach that course?
92 Is Mrs Brown painting your house?
93 Doctor Ikeda developed that theory
94 A storm destroyed the small fishing village
95 Hundreds of people visit the Washington Monument each day
- The Washington Monument ………
96 The Chinese invented paper, the main writing material today
97 Jim’s daughter drew that picture
- That picture ………
98 They put on a new roof last year
99 Someone empties the dustbins every Thursday
- The dustbins ………
- Milk ………
101 They are going to finish a new school in the village next year
- A new school ………
- All the ………
- It ………
111 Irish fisherman used this kind of boat one thousand years ago
- This kind ………
114 They print the words to all the songs on the back of the cover
- The words ………
116 Now people find this kind of bird in only a few remote places in Scotland
- This kind of bird ………
Trang 99
-Tables ………
- He ………
- He ………
- “War in Space” ………
128 They are repairing the road leading to the city centre
- The road ………
- Some tulips ………
135 I’ve written these sentences in different ways
137 They are building a market near the hospital
- Our dog ………
- Forests ………
Trang 1010
-144 The architect has drawn plans for an extension to the house
- Windmills ………
- She ………
- I ………
95 This place was designed by a French architect
96 Huge pyramids were built by the ancient Egyptians
- The ancient ………
97 My car has been repaired by this mechanic
98 This milk is brought to my door by Tom
99 An old man was hit by the car ( hit - hit - hit )
100 Good progress is being made by John in his studies
- John ………
101 He will be seen off at the airport
- They ………
102 More schools are going to be built in the city
- People ………
103 This building has been pulled down
- They ………
104 This room has not been used for years
105 Things are stolen from supermarkets every day
106 Nothing had been moved until the police came
107 I wasn't introduced to any of the guests at the party last night
108 Our salary is going to be increased
109 For a long time the Earth was believed to be flat
- People
………
110 This old oak is said to be over 200 years old
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE - WORD CHOICE
282 They signed the contract at lunchtime In passive voice, this should be:
a They were signed the contract at lunchtime
b At lunchtime the contract were signed by them
Trang 1111
-c The contract at lunchtime was signed by them
d The contract was signed at lunchtime
283 The police are questioning him at their headquarter
a The police are being questioned at their headquarter
b He was questioned at their headquarter
c He's being questioned by the police at their headquarter
d He was being questioned by the police at their headquarter