Ôn thi tiếng anh vào 10 (hay)

swim – swimming - Động từ 2 vần có dấu nhấn ở vần hai, tận cùng bằng một phụ âm, trước là một nguyên âm, ta gấp đôi phụ âm rồi thêm –ing begin – beginning * Từ nhận biết: Now, right n

VERB TENSES I/ THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE : THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

Câu xác định

I / You / We / They + V 0

She / He / It + V ( - s / - e s)

* Động từ tận cùng có : S , SH , CH , X , O , Z thì ta thêm -es

Câu phủ định

S + don’t / doesn’t + V 0

Câu nghi vấn

Do / Does + S + V 0 … ?

* Động từ “ To be”: I + am You / We / They + are She / He /

It + is

* Cách dùng:

- Diễn tả một hành động được lập đi lập lại

Ví dụ: They go to church every Sundays

- Nói về sự thật

Ví dụ: Thanksgiving comes on the fourth Thursday of November

* Từ nhận biết: Always (Luôn luôn), Usually (Thường thường), Often ( Thường xuyên), Sometimes (Thỉnh thoảng), Never ( Không bao giờ), Seldom, rarely (Ít khi),

Every … ( Mỗi……),

EXERCISES

* Complete the following senrences, using the simple present tense

1 They ( go ) to church every Sundays

2 She often ( watch ) TV in the evening

3 What (you / do ) every morning?

4 I always ( get ) up at 7 o’clock in the morning

5 After classes he often ( listen ) to music

6 She ( not play ) volleyball every afternon

7 Nam (often be ) late for school

8 Lan and I ( be ) in class 6A

II THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE: THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

Câu xác định S + am / is / are + V -ing Câu phủ định S + am / is / are + not + V -ing Câu nghi vấn Am / Is / Are + S + V -ing ?

* Cách dùng:

- Thì hiện tại tiếp diến diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói

Ví dụ: Please don’t make so much noise I am working

- Hành động đang xảy ra không nhất thiết vào tời điểm nói

Ví dụ: Mary wants to work in France, so she is learning French

* Chú ý cách thêm –ing vào động từ:

- Động từ tận cùng là –e, ta bỏ –e, thêm – ing ( write – writing )

- Động từ một vần tận cùng là một phụ âm, trước có một nguyên âm ta gấp đôi phụ

âm rồi thêm – ing ( swim – swimming )

- Động từ 2 vần có dấu nhấn ở vần hai, tận cùng bằng một phụ âm, trước là một

nguyên âm, ta gấp đôi phụ âm rồi thêm –ing ( begin – beginning )

* Từ nhận biết: Now, right now, at the moment, at present

EXERCISES

* Complete the following senrences, using the present progressive tense

1 Tom ( sleep ) and we ( play ) video games at present

2 What you ( do ) now?

3 We ( not study ) now, we ( watch ) TV

4 You ( listen ) to me, Mary? – Yes, I am

5 Hurry up He ( wait ) outside

III THE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

Câu xác định S + will + V 0

Câu phủ định S + will + not + V 0

Câu nghi vấn Will + S + V 0 ……?

* Cách dùng: Thì tương lai đơn diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong tương lai

* Từ nhận biết: Tomorrow, next… , in + năm trong tương lai, some day, sooner or

later

* NEAR FUTURE: TƯƠNG LAI GẦN

S + is / am / are + going to + V 0 Diễn tả một dự định trong tương lai

EXERCISES

* Complete the following senrences, using the simple future tense

1 Goodbye ! We ( see ) you tomorrow

2 The weather ( start ) a little colder tomorrow

3 Stay home Lan ( call ) you tonight

4 Look at those black clouds It is going ( rain )

5 You ( be ) free tomorrow?

IV THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

Câu xác

định S + V - ed / -2

I / he / she / it + was You / we / they + were Câu phủ

- Thì quá khứ đơn diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ

- Diễn tả thói quen trong quá khứ

* Từ nhận biết: Yesterday, ago, last……., in + năm ở quá khứ

* Chú ý: Cách thêm –ed

- Động từ tận cùng là –e, ta bỏ –e rồi thêm –ed Ví dụ: arrive - arrived

- Động từ tận cùng là –y, trước nó là một phụ âm thì ta đổi –y thành –i rồi thêm ed

* Complete the following senrences, using the simple past tense

1 I ( start ) school when I was six

2 We ( meet ) his parents yesterday

3 The school ( be ) in bad conditions three years ago

4 Your aunt ( call ) you yesterday?

5 He ( not visit ) Da Lat last summer

V THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

Câu xác định S + was / were + V - ing

Câu phủ định S + was / were + not + V - ing

Câu nghi vấn Was / Were + S + V - ing ….?

* Cách dùng:

- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ

Ví dụ: They were working at seven o’clock last night

- Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra trong quá khứ thì có một hành động khác xen vào

S + was / were + V - ing when S + V - ed / -2

Ví dụ: I was sleeping when the phone rang

S + V - ed / -2 while S + was / were + V - ing

Ví dụ: The phone rang while I was sleeping

EXERCISES

* Complete the following senrences, using the past progressive tense

1 What you ( do ) at six o’clock yesterday?

2 Nam ( take ) a shower at eight o’clock last night

3 I ( do ) my homework at seven o’clock yesterday

4 While they ( eat ), the phone rang

5 It ( rain ) when the plane got to Ha Noi

VI THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

Câu xác định S + have / has + V - ed / -3

Câu phủ định S + have / has + not + V - ed / -3

Câu nghi vấn Have / Has + S + V - ed / -3 ….?

* Cách dùng:Thì hiện tại hoàn thành diễn tả:

- Hành động vừa mới xảy ra trong quá khứ

Ví dụ: I have just finished my homework

- Hành động hay sự kiện tại một thời điểm không chắc chắn trong quá khứ

Ví dụ: I have already seen that film

- Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại

Ví dụ: She has studied French for three years

* Từ nhận biết: Just, already, yet, ever, so far, recently, lately, before, up to now,

since, for

Since + a point of time ( một điểm thời gian ) (Since 2011, Since January,…… )

For + a period of time ( một khoảng thời gian) ( For 5 years )

EXERCISES

* Complete the following senrences, using the present perfect tense

1 We ( not come ) to your house for two years

2 She ( live ) here since last year

3 He ( see ) you since yesterday?

4 Nam ( collect ) stamps since 1999

5 You ( finish ) your composition yet? – Yes, I have

VII THE PAST PERFECT TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH

Câu xác định S + had + V - ed / -3

Câu phủ định S + had + not + V - ed / -3

Câu nghi vấn Had + S + V - ed / -3 ….?

* Cách dùng:Thì quá khứ hoàn thành diễn tả một hành động hay sự kiện xảy ra trước một thời điểm hay một sự kiện khác trong quá khứ

Ví dụ: We had finished planting trees before lunchtime yesterday

When I arrived at the party, Lucy had already gone home

EXERCISES

* Complete the following senrences, using the present perfect tense

1 We stopped for a rest after we ( walk ) for two hours

2 I ( finish ) my homework before I went to school

3 We received her letter after she ( move ) to a new house

4 I ( see ) him eating in the restaurant before going home yesterday

5 We missed the beginning of the play, because it ( already start ) when we arrived

EXERCISES

I Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense:

1 I ( get )……… up the day before yesterday

2 What……….you (do)

……… The day after tomorrow?

3 She always (go) ……….to sleep before her mother does

4 She rarely (take) ……….a bath after dinner

5 ……….you (take) ……….a trip next summer?

6 Alice and Mary (put) ……….away the dinner dishes right now

7.The telephone rang while I (take) ……….my shower this morning

8 In what year……….World War II (break)

……….out?

9 We (learn) ……….grammar right at the moment

10 John and Tom (write) ……….letters at the moment

11 Listen! Someone (knock) ……….at the door

12 It always (snow) ……….in winter It (snow)

……… Now

13 I (read) ……….a book when the electricity was

disconnected

14 Look! A boy (run) ……….after a dog He (want)

……….to catch it

15 I (spend) ……….this weekend in Dalat I (go)

……….there nearly everymonth

16.The bell rang while I (have) ……….lunch

17 When the war (end) ………., we were living in the countryside

18 Marconi (invent) ……… radio a long time ago

19 She (not, speak) ……… To me for over a month

20 I (buy) ……….a good dictionary yesterday morning

21 ……….you (have)

……….dinner yet?

22 So far, I (not, see) ……….a camel

23 In France birbs (fly) ……… to the South before

winter comes

24 He (sit) ……….on a chair at 9:00 last night

25 I (know) ……… him for a very long time

26 My parents (come) ……….to stay with me next

month

27 The war began while he (live) ……….in France

28 They (just leave) ……….here

29 He (turn) ……….on the fan now

30 There (be) ……….no intelligent life on the moon

31 He thanked me for what I (do) ………

32 My bicycle isn’t here any more Somebody (take)

II Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first.

1 Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997

S + V + O ( active : chủ động)

S + be + V( - 3 / - e d) + by + O ( passive: bị động )

I/ THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE : THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

S + V / V - s / - e s + O She opens the door

S + am / is / are + V - 3 / - e d + by + O The door is opened ( by her )

II THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

S + V - 2 / - ed + O She wrote some letters to me

S + was / were + V - 3 / - e d + by + O Some letters were written to me ( by

her )

III/ THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE : THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

S + am / is / are + V-ing + O Nam is reading a book in the room

S + am / is / are + being + V - 3 / - e d + by + O A book is being read in the room

by Nam

IV THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

S + has / have + V - 3 / - ed + O We have just finished our

homework

S + has / have + been V - 3 / - e d + by + O Our homework has just been

finished (by us)

V SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN

S + will + V + O My father will buy a new car next month

S + will + be V - 3 / - e d + by + O A new car will be bought by my father

next month

VI MODAL VERB: ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT

S + modal verb + V + O I can do this work

S + modal verb + be V - 3 / - e d + by + O This work can be done (by me)

* Ghi chú: Modal verbs: can, could, may, might, ought to, have to, must, be going to,

should, used to,…

VII CÁCH BIẾN ĐỔI CÂU PHỦ ĐỊNH, CÂU HỎI YES/NO VÀ CÂU HỎI CÓ TỪ

ĐỂ HỎI:

1 Câu phủ định:

a Hiện tại đơn

She does not open the door

The door is not opened ( by her )

b Quá khứ đơn:

She did not write some letters to me

Some letters were not written to me ( by her )

c Hiện tại tiếp diễn:

Nam is not reading a book in the room

A book is not being read in the room by Nam

d Hiện tại hoàn thành:

We have not just finished our homework

Our homework has not just been finished (by us)

e Tương lai đơn:

My father will not buy a new car next month

A new car will not be bought by my father next month

f Modal verb:

I can not do this work

This work can not be done (by me)

2 Câu hỏi YES / NO:

a Hiện tại đơn

Does she open the door ?

Is the door opened ( by her ) ?

b Quá khứ đơn:

Did She write some letters to you?

Were some letters written to me ( by her )?

c Hiện tại tiếp diễn:

Is Nam reading a book in the room?

Is a book being read in the room by Nam?

d Hiện tại hoàn thành:

Have you just finished your homework?

Has your homework just been finished (by you)?

e Tương lai đơn:

Will my father buy a new car next month?

Will a new car be bought by my father next month?

f Modal verb:

Can you do this work?

Can this work be done (by you)?

3 Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi:

Where did your child find the key?

Where was the key found by your child ?

Which book do people prefer ?

Which book is prefered ?

Who made the final decision?

By whom was the final decision made?

VIII SPECIAL CASES: MỘT SỐ TRƯỜNG HỢP ĐẶC BIỆT.

1 Động từ có hai tân ngữ:

a Loại câu passive thêm “TO”

Những động từ “ give, send, show, pay, teach, tell, lend, promise, hand, throw, wish, deny, offer, own …” có 2 túc từ Trường hợp này chúng ta có 2 hình thức của câu bị động

* Chúng ta sử dụng “TO” khi “DO” trở thành chủ từ trong câu bị động

Ví dụ: My father gave me a new hat

S V IO DO

I was given a new hat by my father

A new hat was given to me by my father.

b Loại câu passive thêm “FOR”

Những động từ “ buy, make, leave, order, do, save, get …” có 2 túc từ Trường hợp này chúng ta có 2 hình thức của câu bị động

* Chúng ta sử dụng “FOR” khi “DO” trở thành chủ từ trong câu bị động

Ví dụ: I bought my brother some books

S V IO DO

My brother was bought some books ( by me)

Some books were bought for my brother ( by me)

2 People / they + V + that + S + V

Cấu trúc active trên khi được đổi sang passive có thể theo hai cách sau:

Ví dụ: People know that she is married People know that she is married

It is known that she is married She is known to be married

Ví dụ: People know that she was married People know that she was

I Turn these sentences into passive voice:

1 They have built up all sorts of fearsome prospects in their mind

2 My brother is going to choose engineering for his future job

3 They are preparing dinner in another room

4 Lenin gave each of them two exercise books

5 Women all over the world are acquiring greater independence

6 The 20th century has given us a lot of advantages

7 You will have to make great efforts in studying

8 We are going to translate HAMLET into our native language

9 Your sister must pay attention to her teacher’s advice

10 In his chapter, we are going to give him an intelligent test

11 She isn’t going to pick these roses for the party.

12 Someone has taken away all of my English books

13 People are talking about him everywhere

14 Noone can answer that question

15 People say that he is 007

16 The teacher made us do a lot of exercises

17 How are they going to do this project?

18 Which picture did you draw yesterday?

19 People rumoured that the coming crop was the worst

20 People say that prevention is better than cure

21 They used to make the little boys climb the chimneys to clean them

22 Are you going to take an English course during the summer?

23 They have to cancel all the fights from London because of the bad weather

24 We saw her cross the intersections

25 People considered that Micheal Jackson has been the best pop singer

26 They know that he is armed

27 He saw the stranger rob the National Bank

28 We believe that he has special knowledge which may be useful to the police

29 I rarely hear her call her children bad names

30 The burglar broke into the house last night and klled the hostess

31 The Irish had to put dowm the English flag

32 They didn’t look after the children properly

33 Everyone looks up to him

34 They must hand in weaponds

35 He poured all of the milk out

36 When he come, they had solved the problem

37 He made us work late at night

38 What will I do if noone meets me at the airport?

39 Nobody showed them how to do

II Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the original one:

1 Our boss has suggested a new idea

15 They reported that the President had suffered a heart attack.

26 She is cleaning the floor now.

1 S 1 + wish (es) + (that) + S 2 + V -2 (ed) / were

Diễn tả một mong muốn trái ngược với thực tế trong hiện tại

Ví dụ: I don’t have a lot of friends at school

I wish I had a lot of friends at school

2 S 1 + wish (es) + (that) + S 2 + could / would + V

Diễn tả một mong muốn trái ngược với thực tế trong tương lai

Ví dụ: I can’t drive a car

I wish I could drive a car

EXERCISES

I Write the correct form of the verb in parenthese:

1 I wish I (have)…….………more time now to help you with your lesson

2 I wish our teacher (explain) …….………that lesson to us again tomorrow

3 He wishes it (stop) …….………raining now

4 She wishes someone (offer) …….………to help her with that work tomorrow

5 We wish it (be) …….………a little warmer in this room

We feel very cold

6 I wish I (be) …….………as handsome as he is

II Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences:

1 She wishes she…….………a movie star

A has been B will be C is D were

2 He wishes his mother…….………him much money tomorrow

A gave B would give C will give D can give

3 We wish it…….………today

A didn’t rain B isn’t raining C hasn’t rained D doesn’t rain

4 I wish you…….………well at school, but you don’t

A had done B do C will do D did

5 we wish that he……….the girl next door

A will marry B can marry C would marry D has married

6 I wish she…….………to my party but she won’t

A can come B could come C may come D will come

7 We wish the weather…….……… fine today

A were B is C has been D will be

III Each sentence has a mistake Idetify it by choosing A, B, C or D:

1 She wishes she is the most beautiful girl in the world

IV Rewrite the sentence that has the same meaning as the root one:

1 I don’t understand what the man says

6 The children can’t play with those new toys.

The children wish………

1 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1 : CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1

Câu điều kiện loại 1 là câu điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại, chỉ một khả năng có thể

có được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

Ví dụ: If we pollute the water, we will have no fresh water to use

2 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 2: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2

IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

S + V – 2 (ed)

S + were

S + would/ might/ could/ should

+ V

Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả điều kiện trái ngược với thực tế trong hiện tại.

Ví dụ : If I were a bird, I would be a pigeon ( Nếu tôi là chim, tôi sẽ là loài chim bồ câu )

* Ghi chú:

Unless = if ……not (nếu không )

Unless it rains , we can play tennis If it doesn’t rain , we can play tennis

If it doesn’t rain , we can play tennis Unless it rains , we can play tennis

EXERCISES

I Put the verbs in the following sentences in the correct tenses:

1 If she has time this morning, she (finish)……… this drawing

2 We will stay at home if it (rain) ………

3 If I had enough money now, I (buy) ……… a

9 If Henry is late, the train (not, wait) ………

10 I will go with him if he (go) ………

11 You will be ill if you (eat) ……… too much

12.If she were older, she (have) ……… more sense

13 If you (read) ……… that book carefully, you would understand it

14 If it (be) ……… fine tomorrow, I (play)

……… tennis

15 My uncle (be) ……… able to help us if he (be)

……… here now

16 Were I you, I (not do) ……… that

17 If you (go) ……… away, please write to me

II Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences:

1 If you work hard, you……… in the final

examination

A succeed B will succeed C would succeed D had succeed

2 We will be unhappy if you ……… come

A haven’t B don’t C have D didn’t

3 If you……… somewhere else, where would you like to be?

A have been B can be C are D could be

4 What………you do if you have a lot of money

5 What will you do if you………the final exam

A pass B passed C will pass D passes

6 If I were you, I ………that camera

A haven’t bought B wouldn’t buy C won’t D didn’t buy

7 ……….you work harder, you won’t be able to pass the exam

8 If it………rain, we’ll have the party outside

A didn’t B doesn’t C won’t D wouldn’t

9 If I………a bird, I would be able to fly

10 Unless you understand, I……….explain it to you again

11 Liz would come to see you, if she……… your address

A has B has had C have D had

12 If we……… hard, we’ll make this beach a clean and beautiful place again

A will work B worked C have worked D work

13 “My boss made me work overtime again.”

If I were you, I……….my job”

A quit B would quit C will quit D must quit

14 If I………the day-off tomorrow, I would go on

a trip to the mountains

A can have B will have C have D had

15 If it………, we ‘ll buy warm clothes

A get B got C will get D would get

16 If you heat ice, it……… into water

A will turn B would turn C is turning D turns

17 If I……… a new car, I would take you to the movie

A had had B have had C had D have

18 If my father……….a doctor, he would be very rich now.

19 If it……… , I would not go to school

A rains B has rained C rained D had rained

20 If we had enough time, we ………to you

A will write B would write C can write D shall write

III Each sentence has a mistake Idetify it by choosing A, B, C or D:

1 We won’t get lost if we took a map

8 Nam’ll get up early if he had an alarm clock

Number 0 has been done for you:

0 She doesn’t have a bicycle so she has to walk to school

If she had a bicycle, she wouldn’t have to walk to school.

1 She loves him, so she forgives him easily

- Ngôi thứ nhất (I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours) cùng ngôi với chủ ngữ (subject)

của động từ tường thuật

- Ngôi thứ hai (you, your, yours) cùng ngôi với tân ngữ (object).

- Ngôi thứ ba (he, him, his, she, her, hers, they, them, their, theirs) không thay đổi.

II REPORTED SPEECH IN QUESTIONS: CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT TRONG CÂU HỎI

1 Reported speech in“ Wh question” : Câu tường thuật trong câu hỏi có từ để hỏi

S + asked / told + O + Wh -word + S + V -2 / - ed

Ví dụ: He asked me: “ What do you know about Malaysia?”

He asked me what I knew about Malaysia?”

Ví dụ: Nam asked me: “ what is your name?”

Nam asked me what my name was

2 Reported speech in Yes/ No question : Câu tường thuật trong câu hỏi yes / No

S + asked / told + O + if ( whether) + S + V (-2 / - ed )

Ví dụ: He asked me: “ Do you know about Malaysia?”

He asked me if (whether ) I knew about Malaysia?”

Ví dụ: Nam asked me: “ Is your name Hoa ?”

Nam asked me if (whether ) my name was Hoa

* Ghi chú: Khi tường thuật một câu hỏi, các em lưu ý những điểm sau:

- Trong câu hỏi tường thuật, chủ từ đi trước động từ, ở đây ta không còn đảo động từ

ra trước chủ từ nữa

- Trợ động từ “Do” không còn dùng trong câu hỏi tường thuật và dấu hỏi thay bằng dấu chấm

- Đại từ và tính từ sở hữu được đổi tùy theo chủ từ của động từ giới thiệu là gì

III COMMANDS IN REPORTED SPEECH: MỆNH LỆNH TRONG CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT

S + asked / told + O + ( not ) to + V ……….

requested

begged

ordered

……….

Ví dụ: He said to me: “ Can you post this letter for me?”

He asked me to post this letter for him

Ví dụ: The doctor said to me: “ Stay in bed for a few days “

The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days

- Bỏ từ PLEASE nếu trong câu trực tiếp có từ này.

* Ghi chú: Khi đổi từ câu nói trực tiếp sang câu nói gián tiếp thì những động từ , những

từ chỉ định, những trạng từ chỉ thời gian và không gian cũng phải thay đổi theo bảng dưới đây:

Câu nói trực tiếp Câu nói gián tiếp Câu nói trực tiếp Câu nói gián tiếp

these those last night / week the night / week

beforethis that on / next Monday the following

Mondaymay might tomorrow the next / following

day

* Ghi chú: Các từ “ would, could, should, ought to, might “ không được thay đổi trong

câu tường thuật

EXERCISES

I Put the following sentences into reported speech:

1 He said, “ I am going to town with my

8 He said, “ I shall answer the phone”

II Put the following sentences into reported speech:

1 She said to him, “ Where do you live?”………

III Put the following sentences into reported speech:

1 Mary said to John, “ Open the box for me

5 Maryam said, “Help me with this exercise, Tom”………

IV Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first:

1 “Which class are you in?”

14 “Go on, apply for a job,” Jim said to me.

Jim encouraged me

16 She asked me:”How old are you?”

She asked me

18 Mrs.Tuyet said to her son:”Give the book to me, please.”

Mrs Tuyet told her

son………

………

19 His mother said to him:”Don’t forget to turn off the faucet after using.”

His mother told

22 The tourist asked me:”Is there a post office near here?”

The tourist asked

- at + thời gian ( at 2 o’clock )

- at midnight, at noon, at night, at lunchtime

- at the weekend nhưng on weekends

- at Easter, at Christmas nhưng on Christmas Day

2 ON

- on + thứ ( on Monday, on Tuesday,… )

- on + ngày tháng (on 20th November )

- on + ngày tháng năm ( on 2nd March 2010 )

- on time = đúng giờ

3 IN

- in + tháng ( in January, in febuary,…)

- in + năm ( in 2010 )

- in + mùa ( in the Spring, in the Summer, in the Fall, in the Winter )

- in + một phần trong ngày ( in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening )

- in a moment, in a minute, in a week, in a month, in a year

- in time = đúng giờ

II PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE: GIỚI TỪ CHỈ NƠI CHỐN

1 AT: chúng ta sử dụng at với

- a point: at the airport, at the station, at the bus stop,….

- address: at 11 Tran Hung Dao Street

- events: at a meeting, at a concert,…

- Chúng ta thường dùng at trong các thành ngữ: at work, at home,…

- in + khu vực rộng lớn ( in Asia, in Europe,…)

- in + thành phố ( in Ha Noi, in Bangkok, in London, in Long Xuyen City,….)

- in the living room

I Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences:

1 The soccer match begins……….4.30 pm

2 Family members often gather……… the living room to enjoy special foods and exchange wishes together on the first day of the Lunar New Year

in front of: ở phía trước between: ở giữa behind: phía sau

opposite: đối diện

beside: bên cạnh onto: phía trên, lên trên next to: kế bên up: ở trên, lên

into: vào, vào trong under: ở dưới over: trên down: xuống

inside: bên trong outside: bên ngoài around: xung quanh from: từ to: đến along: dọc theo across: qua, ngang qua

3 In this program, we plant trees………the streets and in the park.

A beside B under C along D on

4 Look both directions carefully before you walk……….the streets

A across B around C through D beside

5 I met him……….the bus stop yesterday

6 Mr and Mrs Hoang get up early……….the morning to feed the animals and the poultry

7 Where is the national bank? – It’s……… the post office

A between B in C into D opposite

8 Please wait for me I will be there……….ten minutes

13 Our school-year often starts……….September

17.Television became popular………the 1950s

18 We have been pen pal……… 3 years

22.The Earth goes……….the Sun.

A across B along C around D through

23 She is going to apply……….a job in the international bank

26 I am looking forward………hearing from you

30 What did you do……….Christmas? – Traveling

abroad with my friends

II Fill each space with a suitable preposition:

1 What do you do ……….the evening?

2 I told him that I was still a young boy ………that time but he didn’t believe me

3 Can you imagine I have known him………three years now

4 He used to have lunch……… midday, but he doesn’t eat lunch now

5 What did you do ………Christmas?- Travelling abroad with my friends

6 All right I will be back……….a week Wait for me, please!

7 Are you afraid ……….snakes?

8 They also like to wear ao dai……… work

9 The word jean comes ………a material made in Europe

10 Many people think it’s necessary………students to wear uniform

11 Are you proud……… your country and its tradition

12 Students should be equal………many ways

S + be ………, be not + S? She is a student, isn’t she?

S + be not ………, be + S? She isn’t a student, is she?

He likes coffee, doesn’t he?

They like apples, don’t they?

S + don’t/ doesn’t + V ……….,

do/does + S?

He doesn’t like coffee, does he?

They don’t like apples, do they?

S + V -2 (-ed) ………., did not +

She has seen that film, hasn’t she?

S + have/has + not +V -3 (-ed …… ,

have/has+ S?

She hasn’t seen that film, has she?

* Ghi chú: - I am right, aren’t I?

- Let’s sing karaoke, shall we?

- Turn on the light, will you?

Dù phần đầu câu chủ từ là một danh từ (noun) thì trong tag-question danh từ đó phải được thay thế bằng một đại từ nhân xưng (personal pronoun)

Ví dụ: Your daughter is a university student, isn’t she?

noun pronoun

EXERCISES

I Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences:

1 Nga and Maryam are pen pals, ……….they?

A don’t B are C aren’t D can’t

2 You can’t speak Chinese, ……… you?

A aren’t B are C can’t D can

3 You like jeans,………you?

4 Hoa has lived in Ha Noi for 3 years,……….she?

A doesn’t B isn’t C has D hasn’t

5 Nam passed his exam,……… he?

A didn’t B did C doesn’t D wasn’t

6 Jane loves the food and the beaches in Viet Nam,……… she?

A isn’t B doesn’t C does D can’t

7 Pau will come to Viet Nam next summer,……….he?

8 Mary was ill yesterday,……….she?

9 Nam didn’t go to the English Speaking club,………he?

10 The program is interesting,………it?

A isn’t B is C does D doesn’t

11 Let’s go somewhere for a cold drink,………?

A do you B shall we C don’t we D shall you

12 Open the door,………?

A do you B don’t you C will you D will we

13 You used to live in Hue,………you?

A didn’t B weren’t C used to D did

14 I am not late,………I?

15 You have to finish your homework before playing game,

………you?

A do B have to C don’t D haven’t

16 You don’t like love films,……… you?

17 He enjoyed his time here,……….he?

A didn’t B do C don’t D aren’t

18 Na does not know the neighborhood very well,……… she?

A does B doesn’t C do D is

19 She is practicing music lesson in her room,

……….she?

A is B doesn’t C don’t D isn’t

20 The natural resources will be short in a few decades,

……… they?

A will B aren’t C won’t D are

II Complete the following sentences with correct tags:

1 Let’s help the old woman with the housework,

4 Some designers have made Ao dai modern and fashionable,

……….?

5 A huge tidal wave hit Anchorage, Alaska, in the 1960s,

……… ?

6 Mai and Lan won’t come with us,……….?

7 The weather isn’t very bad today,……… ?

Because / as / since + clause (mệnh đề)

- Mệnh đề chỉ lý do có thể đứng trước hoặc sau mệnh đề chính

Ví dụ : I didn’t go to the movies last night because I was tired

Because I was tired, I didn’t go to the movies last night

Because of + N / V-ing

Ví dụ: Because I had a headache, I couldn’t go to school yesterday

Because of my headache, I couldn’t go to school yesterday

II Adverb clauses of concession : ( Mệnh đề chỉ sự tương phản)

Although / though / even though (dù, mặc dù) + clause (mệnh đề)

Ví dụ: Although he was tired, he went to work.

They went out though it rained heavily.

Despite / in spite of + N / V-ing

Ví dụ: Although the weather is bad, they go on a picnic.

Despite / In spite of the bad weather, they go on a picnic.

III Adverb clauses of result: ( Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả)

- So / therefore: vì thế

Ví dụ: We missed the bus, so we walk to the school.

He got up late, therefore he was late for class

- Chúng ta có thể dùng “so……….that / such ……….that” để nói về

kết quả

S + be + so + adj + that ………

Ví dụ: The storm was so strong that it destroyed a large area.

It + be + such + a/an + adj + N + that………

Ví dụ: It was such a strong storm that it destroyed a large area.

IV Connectives: Từ nối

1 Từ nối AND (và) : Được dùng để nối hai thành phần cùng loại của câu

He has a house and a dog ( Anh ấy có một căn nhà và một con chó )

2 Từ nối BUT (nhưng) : Dùng để giới thiệu một từ, một cụm từ hay một mệnh đề tương phản lại từ, một cụm từ hay một mệnh đề được nói trước trong câu

She was poor but she was honest ( Cô ấy nghèo nhưng cô ấy chân thật)

3 Từ nối HOWEVER (tuy nhiên) : Dùng để giới thiệu một câu tương phản với những gì

đã nói trước đó HOWEVER có thể đứng đầu câu hoặc tách ra giữa câu bằng hai dấu

chấm phẩy

Nam is very tired However , he has to finish her homework before he goes to bed

4 Từ nối OR ( hoặc ) : Dùng để nêu lên một khả năng khác của các thành phần cùng loại trong câu Thường được dùng trong câu hỏi

Do they live in the city or in the country?

V Adverb clauses of time: ( Mệnh đề chỉ thời gian)

After (sau khi) / before (trước khi) / while (trong khi) / when (khi)

- Khi 2 sự kiện xảy ra cùng 1 lúc, chúng ta dùng when/ while để nối 2 mệnh đề

Ví dụ: My mother was cooking while my father was washing dishes.

When I came, he was doing his homework.

- Khi 2 sự kiện xảy ra, 1 sự kiện xảy ra sau sự kiện khác ta dùng “ after / before / when “ Sự kiện xảy ra trước ta dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành, sự kiện xảy ra sau ta dùng thì quá khứ đơn

Ví dụ: The film had started before I came in

After the film had started , I came in

My friends had left when I got there.

VI SO / TOO/ EITHER / NEITHER:

- Để diễn tả sự đồng tình ta sử dụng “so / too : cũng vậy, either / neither: cũng

không”

S + do / does / be , too

So + do / does / be + S

S + don’t / doesn’t / be not , either

Neither + don’t / doesn’t / be not + S

- SO và TOO được sử dụng trong câu khẳng định

- EITHER và NEITHER được sử dụng trong câu phủ định

VII TOO – TO / ENOUGH -TO INF

S + be + too + adj + ( for + O) + to + V 0

Ví dụ: Tea is too hot to drink

S + be (not) + adj + enough + to + V 0

Ví dụ: She is not old enough to be in my class

EXERCISES

I Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences:

1 I use the internet only a few hours a day……… it’s time-consuming and costly if we spend much time on it

A so B because of C because D even though

2 I live in the countryside,……….I can not easily get access to the internet

A when B though C because D therefore

3 She was not satisfied with her English test………she got 9 marks for it

A even though B therefore C so D when

4 Our environment is becoming polluted now,……… we have to do something to protect it

A because B while C so D even though

5 We should take showers instead of baths……….baths use twice

as much as showers

A because of B though C therefore D since

6 ……… the weather is predicted not to be good today, they decide to go swimming

A In spite B Although C Because D When

7 People should save energy………the shortage of the

natural resources

A because B because of C in spite of D despite

8 ………they had had lunch, they went boating in the river

A Before B So C When D After

9 ……… having a lot of homework to do, he usually helps his mom do the chores

A After B Though C Because of D Despite

10 The city of Kobe in Japan was destroyed heavily………a huge earthquake in 1995

A because of B because C though D when

11 Tet is the most important holiday for Vietnamese people,

……….everyone who lives apart tries to return to their home at tet

A because B as C so D though

12 Nowadays, Vietnamese women like to wear Ao dai………it is their traditional dress

A therefore B so C because D though

II Each sentence has a mistake Idetify it by choosing A, B, C or D:

1 After they have had meals, they played games

My grandmother is so………

………

6 The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough

The sea was too………

………

7 The question was so difficult that noone could answer it

It was such………

………

8 The weather was bad yesterday, so we canceled a trip to the beach yesterday

We canceled………

………

9 The house is very expensive He can not buy it

The house is so………

Ví dụ: Going to the cinema is fun

- Danh động từ đứng sau giới từ

Ví dụ: She is afraid of going there

* Ta phải dùng danh động từ sau những động từ sau:

- Finish = hoàn thành - Avoid = tránh

- Enjoy = thích thú - dislike = ghét,

không thích

- Imagine = tưởng tượng - Support = ủng hộ

- Quit = từ bỏ - Prevent = ngăn cản

- Delay = hoãn - deny = từ chối

- Consider = cân nhắc - Risk = liều lĩnh

- Suggest = đề nghị - Allow/Permit = cho

phép

- mind = phiền

+ V- ing

Ví dụ: She enjoys watching TV

* Một số động từ có thể được theo sau vừa danh động từ ( V-ing) vừa động từ nguyên mẫu ( to + V):

- Begin = bắt đầu - Continue = tiếp tục

- Hate = ghét - Like = thích

- Prefer = thích - Stop = dừng lại,

ngưng, thôi

- Start = bắt đầu - Forget = quên

- Intend = có ý định - Love = yêu thích

- Remember = nhớ - Try = thử, cố gắng

+ V- ing (to + V0)

Ví dụ: He stopped to smoke ( Anh ấy dừng lại để hút thuốc )

He stopped smoking ( Anh ấy thôi không còn hút thuốc )