Full 50 đề tiếng anh 2015 - Có lời giải chi tiết

there are similarities between animal and human behavior D.the notion of critical periods applies only to animals Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answ

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KỲ THI THỬ LẦN III CHUẨN BỊ CHO

KÌ THI THPT QUỐC GIA Tháng 05/2015 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH

Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút

Họ và tên thí sinh:……….

Số báo danh:………

I PHẦN TRẮC NGHIỆM (64 Question; 8 điểm)

Choose one word whose stress pattern is different Identify your answer by circling the corresponding letter

Question 1: A solidarity B organize C represent D academic

Question 2: A gorilla B typical C primary D nursery

Question 3: A successfully B defensive C curriculum D calculation

Choose one word whose underlinedpart is pronounced differently from the rest Identify your answer by circling

Question 4: A explained B disappointed C Prepared D followed

Question 5: A escape B especial C island D isolate

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined

Question 6: Trudy felt ill at ease when she spoke in public for the first time.

A felt uncomfortable and embarrassed B felt difficult and lost confidence

C felt challenged and inopportune D felt nausea and dizzy

Question 7: The mission statement of the International Movement as formulated in the "Strategy 2010" document of the Federation is to improve the lives of vulnerable people by mobilizing the

power of humanity

A weak and unprotected B poor and disabled

Mã đề thi: 132

C deaf and mute D wealthy and famous

Question 8: To prepare for a job interview, you should jot down your qualifications , work

experience as well as some important information about yourself

A your special qualities you have B what you have earned through study

C what you have experienced D your own qualities in real life

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlinedpart in each of the following questions.

Question 9: I find it hard to work at home because there are too many distractions.

A attentions B unawareness

Question 10: In the first two decades of its existence, the cinema developed rapidly.

A shortly B sluggishly C leisurely D weakly

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to show the underlinedpart that needs correction.

Question 11: Alike other forms of energy, natural gas may be used to heat homes, cook food, and

even run automobiles

A may be used B Alike C run D to heat

Question 12: Although fewer Americans work on farms today, they are too productive that the U.S

is now the world’s top food exporter

Question 13: Owing to their superior skill, highly competitive athletes have been known to win

contests and break records even when suffered from injuries, physical disorders, and infections

A have been known B highly competitive

C when suffered D Owing to

Question 14: The Federal Trade Commission, establishing in 1914, steadily increased the extent

and nature of its regulation of the advertising industry

A advertising B nature C establishing D Steadily increased Question 15:_After analyzing the steep rise in profits according to your report, it was convinced that

your analyses were correct

A the steep rise B analyses were correct C it was D profitsaccording to

Read the following passage and decide which answer bestfits each gap Write your answer in the numbered box.

Voluntary work is work that you do not get paid for and usually involves in doing things to help other people, especially the elderly or the sick or working on (16) of a charity or similar organization Most charitable organizations rely on unpaid volunteers, and thousands of Americans and British people give many hours of their time to doing some form of social work or organizing -fund raising events to support the work Volunteering is especially popular in the US and the reasons this may be found in (17) American values such as the Protestant work ethic, the idea that work improves the person whodoes it, and the belief that people can change their (18) if they try hard enough

In the US young people over 18 can take part in AmeriCorps, a government programme that (19) them to work as volunteers for a period of time, with the (20) of help in paying for their education later Older Americans who do not work may spend much of their free time volunteering

In Britain a lot of voluntary work is directed towards supporting the country’s social services.The WRVS and other organizations run a meals- on- wheels service in many parts of

Britain, (21) hot food for old people who are (22) to cook for themselves The nationwide Citizens Advice Bureau, which offers free advice to the public (23) a wide range of issues, is run (24) by volunteers, and the Blood Transfusion Service relies

on voluntary blood donors to give blood for use in hospitals Political parties use volunteers at election time, and Churches depend on volunteers to (25) xbuilding clean

Question 16: A behalf B basic C account D ground

Question 17: A basic B primary C top D essential

Question 18: A standard B nature C condition D appearance

Question 19: A commissions B guides C encourages D engages

Question 20: A function B reply C favour D promise

Question 21: A serving B providing C selling D offering

Question 22: A incapable B unable C enabled D offering

Question 23: A on B with C for D through

Question 24: A equally B mainly C substantially D frequently

Question 25: A stay B keep C help D get

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Ethology is concerned with the study of adaptive, or survival, value of behavior and its Evolutionary history Ethological theory began to be applied to research on children in the1960’s but has become even more influential today The origins of ethology can be traced to the work of Darwin Its modern foundations were laid by two European zoologists, Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen

Watching the behaviors diverse animal species in their natural habitats, Lorenz, and Tinbergen

observed behavior patterns that promote survival The most well-known of these is imprinting, the

early following behavior of certain baby birds that ensures that the young will stay close to their

mother and be fed and protected from danger Imprinting takes place during an early, restricted time period of development If the mother goose is not present during this time, but an object resembling

her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead Observations of imprinting

led to major concept that has been applied in child Development” the critical period It refers to a limited times span during which the child is biologically prepared to acquire certain adaptive behaviors but needs the support of suitably stimulating environment Many researchers have

conducted studies to find out whether complex cognitive and social behaviors must be learned during restricted time periods for example, if children are deprived of adequate food or physical and social stimulation during the early years of life, will their intelligence be permanently impaired?

If language is not mastered during the preschool years, is the child’s capacity to acquire it reduced? Inspired by observations of imprinting, in 1969 the British psychoanalyst John Bowlby applied ethological theory to the understanding of the relationship between an infant and its parents He argued that attachment behaviors of babies, such as smiling, babbling, grasping, and crying, are built-in social signals that encourage the parents to approach, care for, and interact with the baby

By keeping a parent near, these behaviors help ensure that the baby will be fed, protected from danger, and provided with the stimulation and affection necessary for healthy growth The development of attachment in human infants is a lengthy process involving changes in

psychological structures that lead to a deep affectional tie between parent and baby.

Question 26: What was Darwin’s contribution to ethology?

A Darwin was the first person to apply ethological theory to children

B Darwin’s work provided the basis for ethology

C Darwin was the professor who taught Lorenz and Tinbergen

D.Darwin improved on the original principles of ethology.

Question 27: The word “diverse” is closest in meaning to

A small B wild C varied D particular

Question 28: The word “ensures” is closest in meaning to

A assumes B guarantees C proves D teaches

Question 29: According to the passage, if a mother goose is not present during the time period

when

imprinting takes place, which of the following will most likely occur?

A The mother will later imprint on the gosling

B The gosling may not find a mate when it matures

C The gosling will not imprint on any object

D.The gosling may imprint on another object

Question 30: The word “it” refers to

A time B object C development D goose

Question 31: The word “suitably” is closest in meaning to

A moderately B appropriately C willingly D emotionally

Question 32: The author mentions all of the following as attachment behaviors of human infants EXCEPT

A smiling B crying C eating D grasping

Question 33: According to the passage, attachment behaviors of infants are intended to

A prepare the infant to cope with separation

B provide the infant with a means of self-stimulation

C allow the infant to become imprinted on objects that resemble the parent

D.get the physical, emotional and social needs of the infant met

Question 34: The phrase “affectional tie” is closest in meaning to

A behavioral change B psychological need

C cognitive development D emotional attachment

Question 35: It can be inferred from the passage that ethological theory assumes that

A failure to imprint has no influence on intelligence

B to learn about human behavior only human subjects should be studied

C there are similarities between animal and human behavior

D.the notion of critical periods applies only to animals

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The biologist's role in society as well as his moral and ethical responsibility in the discovery and development of new ideas has led to a reassessment of his social and scientific value systems A scientist can no longer ignore the consequences of his discoveries; he is as concerned with the possible misuses of his findings as he is with the basic research in which he is involved This emerging social and political role of the biologist and all other scientists requires a weighing of values that cannot be done with the accuracy or the objectivity of a laboratory balance As a member of society, it is necessary for a biologist now to redefine his social obligations and his functions, particularly in the realm of making judgments about such ethical problems as man's control of his environment or his manipulation of genes to direct further evolutionary development

As a result of recent discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms, genetic engineering, by

which human traits are made to order, may soon be a reality As desirable as it_may seem to be,

such an accomplishment would entail many value judgments Who would decide, for example, which traits should be selected for change? In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the

desirability of the change is obvious, but the possibilities for social misuse are so numerous that

they may far outweigh the benefits.

Probably the greatest biological problem of the future, as it is of the present, will be to find ways

to curb environmental pollution without interfering with man's constant effort to improve the

quality of his life Many scientists believe that underlying t he spectre of pollution is the problem of

surplus human population A rise in population necessitates an increase in the operations of modern

industry, the waste products of which increase the pollution of air, water, and soil The question of

how many people the resources of the Earth can support is one of critical importance

Although the solutions to these and many other problems are yet to be found, they do indicate the need for biologists to work with social scientists and other members of society in order to determine the requirements necessary for maintaining a healthy and productive planet For although many of man's present and future problems may seem to be essentially social, political, or economic in

nature, they have biological ramifications that could affect the very existence of life itself.

Question 36: According to the passage, a modern scientist should be more concerned

about

A the consequences of his discoveries

B his basic research

C his manipulation of genes

D.the development of new ideas

Question 37: The pronoun "it" in paragraph 2 refers to .

accomplishment

C hereditary mechanism D a reality

Question 38: It is implied in the passage that genetic engineering .

A will change all human traits B is no longer desirable

C is the most desirable for life D may do us more harm than good

Question 39: The pronoun "they" in paragraph 2 refers to .

A possibilities for genetic deficiencies

B cases of genetic deficiencies

C discoveries concerning hereditary mechanisms

D.effects of genetic engineering misuse

Question 40: What is probably the most important biological problem mentioned in the passage?

A environmental pollution B manipulation of genes

C genetic engineering misuse D social and economic deficiencies

Question 41: The word "which" in paragraph 3 refers to

A the waste products dumped into our environment

B serious environmental pollution

C activities of surplus human population

D.activities of an overpopulated society's industry

Question 42: The word "underlying" in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by " .”

A causing B depriving C finding D noticing

Question 43: According to the passage, to save our planet, biologists should work

A with other social scientists B accurately and objectively

C on social and political purposes D harder and harder

Question 44: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "ramifications" in

paragraph 4?

A effective techniques B latest developments

C harmful consequences D useful experiments

Question 45: What is the author's purpose in this passage?

A To urge biologists to solve the problem of surplus human population

B To conduct a survey of the biologist's role in society

C To advise biologists to carry out extensive research into genetic engineering

D.To emphasize the biologist's role in solving the world's problems

Choose the best answer

Question 46: It is essential that Alice about his responsibilities in the meeting

tomorrow

A must remind B will be reminded

C will remind D be reminded

Question 47: Having recently bought a laptop Computer,

A it must have cost him more than $2000

B His E-mails reach him wherever he is

C he can now take his work with him wherever he goes

D.there is no need for him to worry about its being stolen

Question 48: “ Have you heard Nick has just been awarded his PhD?”

“ Yes, but intelligent he is, he has no basic common sense”

A whereas B although C though D however

Question 49: It’s hard to on less than a million a month.

A make a mess B make up your mind C.make a fuss D make ends meet

Question 50: My brother is a very character; he is never relaxed with stranger.

A self-confident B self-conscious C self- satisfied D self-absorbed

Question 51: Do you know the man about they’re talking?

A whom B whose C that D which

Question 52: that gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill and that the California Gold

Rush began

A Because in 1848 B It was in 1848 C In 1848 that it was D That in 1848

Question 53: Have you really got no money the fact that you've had a part-time job this term?

A in case B although C despite of D in spite of

Question 54: How boring the lecture was! I just in the first half of it.

A made for B dropped off C fell out D patched up

Question 55: than the runner on first base started running towards second base.

A Seeing that the bases were loaded B Hardly had the bases been loaded

C By the time the bases were loaded D No sooner had the bases been loaded

Question 56: He failed to call his mother and say goodbye because his telephone was

A out of work B out of control

C out of reach D out of order

Question 57: In the middle of the blue river .

A does a tiny violet flower emerge B did a tiny violet flower emerge

C emerge a tiny violet flower D emerged a tiny violet flower

Question 58: Thanh and Nadia is talking about their classmate Choose the most suitable response

to fill in the blank in the following exchange

Thanh: “Lan’s the best singer in our school.”

Nadia: “ ”

A I can’t agree with you more! B Yes, please.

C That’s OK! D Yes, tell me about it!

Question 59: - Lan and Mai was taking about their study at school Choose the most suitable

response to fill in the blank in the following exchange

Mai: “I thought your English skill was a lot better, Lan.”

Lan “ ”

A Thank you I’d love to B Yes, please Just a little.

C No, thanks I think I can do it D You’ve got to be kidding I thought it was

bad

Question 60: Your hair needs You’d better have it done tomorrow

A to cut B being cut C cutting D cut

Question 61: it not been for the intolerable heat in the hall, they would have stayed

much longer

Question 62: Alone in the house at night without electricity, I was on

A heart and soul B on and off C ups and downs D Pins and needles Question 63: , James fedimme Cooper wrote about Indians and pioneers in the forest

and sailors on the high seas

A The first American novelist to achieve world-wide fame

B Although he was the first American novelist to achieve world-wide fame

C The first American novelist achieving world-wide fame

D.He was the first American novelist to achieve world-wide fame

Question 64: Dick a moustache, but he doesn't any more He shaved it off because his

wife didn't like

A got used to have B is used to have C used to have D Used to having

II PHẦN TỰ LUẬN ( 2 điểm)

Part I Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed before it (0.5 điểm)

Question 65:.It is said that the Great Pyramid of Giza was built over a 20-year period

→ The Great Pyramid of Giza ………

Question 66: John has not seen his father since six months ago.

→ The last time ………

Question 67: This Computer is so old that it’s not worth keeping.

→ This is ………

Question 68: He did not pass his driving test until he was nearly 30.

→ It was ………

Question 69: The motorcyclist rounded the corner at a quite unbelievable speed

→ The speed ………

Part II In about 140 words, write a paragraph about the person you respect most (1,5 điểm)

………- Thí

sinh không được sử dụng bất cứ tài liệu nào

- Giám thị không cần giải thích gì thêm

THE END

Lời giải chi tiết trường Chuyên Sơn Tây

1 Đáp án là B organize nhấn âm tiết thứ nhất, các từ còn lại nhấn âm tiết thứ ba

2 Đáp án là A gorilla nhấn âm tiết thứ hai, các từ còn lại nhấn âm tiết thứ nhất

3 Đáp án là D calculation nhấn âm tiết thứ ba, các từ còn lại nhấn âm tiết thứ hai

4 Đáp án là B Từ disappointed có phần gạch chân được phát âm là /id/, các từ còn lại có phần gạch chân được phát âm là /d/

5 Đáp án là B Từ island_ có phần gạch chân không được phát âm , các từ còn lại có phần gạch chân được phát âm là /s/

6 ill at ease: không thoải mái => Đáp án là A felt uncomfortable and embarrassed - cảm thấy không thoải mái và ngượng

7 vulnerable: dễ bị tổn thương => Đáp án là A weak and unprotected: yếu ớt và không được bảo vệ

8 qualification: nặng lực => Đáp án là B what you have earned through study - Cái mà bạn kiếm được thông qua việc học

9 Distraction: sự đãng trí; điều xao lãng >< Đáp án A attention: sự tập trung

Các từ còn lại: unawareness: sự không ý thức; carelessness: sự bất cẩn; unconcern: sự vô tâm

10 rapidly: một cách nhanh chóng >< Đáp án là B sluggishly: một cách chậm chạp Các từ còn lại: shortly: ngắn; leisurely: một cách thong thả; weakly: một cách yếu ớt

11 Đáp án là B Alike => Like

12 Đáp án là C too => so

13 Đáp án là C when suffered => when suffering

14 Đáp án là C establishing => established

15 Đáp án là C Phía trước có hiện tượng rút gọn dùng phân từ, nên cần nghĩ trước tiên đến việc hai mệnh đề phải cùng chủ ngữ Ở đây, IT mà làm chủ ngữ cho ANALYZING thì không ổn, đổi IT WAS thành PEOPLE/THEY WERE

16 Đáp án là A on behalf of : đại diện cho

17 Đáp án là A basic American values: giá trị nền tảng của Mỹ

Các từ còn lại: primary: chính; top: chóp, đỉnh; essential: cần thiết, quan trọng

18 Đáp án là C condition : điều kiện

Các từ còn lại : standard: tiêu chuẩn ; nature : bản chất ; appearance : vẻ bề ngoài

19 Đáp án là C encourages someone to do something :khuyến khích ai đó làm gì Các từ còn lại: commission: ủy thác, ủy nhiệm; guide : hướng dẫn ; engage: thuê

20 Đáp án là D promise : lời hứa

Các từ còn lại : function: chức năng; reply: sự trả lời; favour: sự ủng hộ

21 Đáp án là B provide something for someone : cung cấp, hỗ trợ cái gì cho ai Các động từ còn lại : serve: phục vụ; sell: bán; offer: yêu cầu

22 Đáp án là B.be unable to do something: không thể làm gì

23 Đáp án là A on a wide range of issues: về một loạt các vấn đề

24 Đáp án là B mainly: chính, chủ yếu

Các từ còn lại: equally: một cách bình đẳng; substantially: một cách đáng kể; frequently: thường xuyên

25 Đáp án là B keep someone/something + adj: giữ ai/ cái gì như thế nào

26 Đáp án là B Dựa vào đoạn 1: The origins of ethology can be traced to the work of Darwin

27 Đáp án là C diverse = varied: đa dạng

Nghĩa các từ còn lại: small: nhỏ, wild: hoang dã, particular: đặc biệt

28 Đáp án là B ensure = guarantee: chắc chắn, đảm bảo

Các từ còn lại: assume: giả định; prove:chứng minh; teach: dạy

29 Đáp án là D Ý trong bài: If the mother goose is not present during this time, but an object resembling her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead

30 Đáp án là B it = object Ý trong bài: an object resembling her in important features is, young goslings may imprint on it instead

31 Đáp án là B suitably = appropriately: một cách thích hợp

Nghĩa các từ còn lại: moderately: tương đối; willingly: sẵn lòng; emotionally: về tình cảm

32 Đáp án là C Ý trong bài: He argued that attachment behaviors of babies, such as smiling, babbling, grasping, and crying,

33 Đáp án là D Dựa vào từ trong đoạn 4: behaviors; healthy growth ; psychological structures ,

34 Đáp án là D, affectional tie = emotional attachment: gắn bó về mặt tình cảm

35 Đáp án là C Dựa vào đoạn 2 và 3

36 Đáp án là A Ý trong bài: A scientist can no longer ignore the consequences of his discoveries; he is as

concerned with the possible misuses of his findings as he is with the basic research in which he is involved

37 Đáp án là A Dựa vào câu trước: As a result of recent discoveries concerning hereditary

mechanisms, genetic engineering, by which human traits are made to order, may soon be a reality.

38 Đáp án là D Ý trong bài: In cases of genetic deficiencies and disease, the desirability of the change is obvious, but the possibilities for social misuse are so numerous that they may far outweigh the benefits

39 Đáp án là D effects of genetic engineering misuse: ảnh hưởng của lạm dụng kỹ thuật di truyền

40 Đáp án là A Câu đầu tiên đoạn 3: Probably the greatest biological problem of the future, as it

is of the present, will be to find ways to curb environmental pollution without interfering with

man's constant effort to improve the quality of his life

41 Đáp án là D Ý trong bài: A rise in population necessitates an increase in the operations of modern industry, the waste products of which increase the pollution of air, water, and soil.

42 underlie: làm cơ sở, nền tảng => Đáp án là A cause: làm cở sở dẫn đến

Nghĩa các từ còn lại; deprive: tước đoạt; find: tìm; notice: chú ý

43 Đáp án là A Ý trong đoạn 4: Although the solutions to these and many other problems are yet

to be found, they do indicate the need for biologists to work with social scientists

44 ramifications: hậu quả -> Đáp án là C hậu quả có hại

45 Đáp án là D Để nhấn mạnh vai trò của nhà sinh học trong việc giải quyết các vấn đề của thế giới

46 Đáp án là D Cấu trúc : It’s essential that + S + V(bare - inf ): điều cần thiết là

47 Với V-ing đứng đầu câu => hai vế đồng chủ ngữ Đáp án là C

Dịch: Gần đầy mua cái máy tính xách tay, anh ta có thể mang công việc theo mình tới bất cứ nơi nào anh ta đến

48 Đáp án là C Cấu trúc chỉ sự tương phản “ tuy nhưng ”: adj/adv + though + S + V, S + V

49 Đáp án là D make ends meet: kiêm đu tiên đê sông, không mắc nơ

Các cụm còn lại” make a mess: làm bừa bộn; make a fuss: làm ầm ĩ lên; Make up your mind : suy

nghĩ cho kỹ để có một chọn lựa sáng suốt

50 Đáp án là B self-conscious: e dè, ngượng ngùng

Các từ còn lại: self-confident: tự tin; self- satisfied: tự mãn; self-absorbed: tự nhận

51 Đáp án là A whom: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người “the man” đứng sau giới từ “about”

Các đại từ quan hệ còn lại:

Whose + N: thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu

That: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người và vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc , tân ngữ sau động từ, hoặc giới từ Trường hợp tân ngữ sau giới từ, ta không được đảo giới từ lên trước “that”

Which: thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật, làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ

52 Đáp án là B Câu chẻ nhấn mạnh thành phần trạng ngữ : It + be + adverb + that + clause

53 Đáp án là D in spite of + N/ V-ing/ the fact that + clause: mặc dù

Các liên từ còn lại: in case: phòng khi; although + clause: mặc dù ; despite + N/V-ing/ the fact that + clause: mặc dù ( không có giới từ “of’ )

54 Đáp án là B drop off: ngủ gật

Các từ còn lại: make for : đi, tiến (về phía), fall out : rơi xuống; patch up vá víu, sửa chữa qua loa

55 Đáp án là D No sooner+ auxiliary + S + V + than

56 Đáp án là D out of order: không hoạt động

Các từ còn lại: out of work: thất nghiệp; out of control: mất kiểm soát; out of reach: ngoài tầm với

57 Đáp án là D Đảo ngữ với trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn: Adverb + V + S.

58 Đáp án là A I can’t agree with you more! - câu này ý nói “ Tôi hoàn toàn đồng ý với bạn “ Các đáp án khác không hợp ngữ cảnh

B Vâng, làm ơn

C Được!

D Vâng, Hãy nói tôi biết

59 “I thought your English skill was a lot better, Lan.” - Tớ đã nghĩ kỹ năng tiếng Anh của cậu tốt hơn nhiều Lan ạ

Đáp án là D Cậu đùa tớ à Tớ nghĩ nó rất tệ

Các đáp án khác không hợp lý:

A Cám ơn Tớ thích

B Vâng, làm ơn Một chút thôi

C Không Cám ơn Tớ nghĩ tớ có thể làm

60 Đáp án là C need +V-ing : cần được làm gì ( khi chủ ngữ chỉ vật )

61 Đáp án là C Lươc bỏ if trong câu điều kiện loại III: Had + S + PII, S + would + have + PII

62 Đáp án là B on and off=lúc có lúc không

Các cụm còn lại:

the heart and soul of (nghĩa bóng): linh hồn của (một tổ chức )

ups and downs: sự thăng trầm; Pins and needles: Cảm giác rần rần (như) kiến bò

63 Đáp án là A Cụm danh từ đưng đầu câu trước dấu phẩy, bổ sung ý nghĩa, xác định cho tên riêng “James fedimme Cooper”

64 Đáp án là C used to + V: diễn tả hành động đã từng làm trong quá khứ, hiện tại không làm nữa Còn, be/get used to + v-ing: chỉ thói quen

Phần viết:

Part 1:

65: The Great Pyramid of Giza is said to have been built over a 20-year period

66: The last time John saw his father was 6 months ago

67: This is such an old computer that it’s not worth keeping.