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!999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999S• YA•9M9kWnU=,-,+%0999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999t• YA•9M9SWnU=,C999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tk YA•9j9•WJ&5Q)999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tS YA•9j9kK(R$5999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tt YA•9j9SWK(R$$99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tM YA•9j9tWK(R$/89999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tM YA•9j9MWK(R$Q9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tM YA•9j9jWK(4599999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tM YA•9j9mWK(4‡F99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tj YA•9j9uWK(4/8999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tj YA•9j9•WK(-(499999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999tj YA•9j9•lWK(#(‡4‡R$/899999999999999999999999999999999tm YA•9j9•lWnU=+QD4R$‡k1…•†-;…k†999999999999999999999999999999tu 12&3456)7"'89:; 4>    YA•9u9•W&0!&;0A„0999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•lt YA•9u9kWnU=&0!&;0A!4C999999999999999999999999999999999•lt YAk9k9•WnU=!Q+1)?U!&9999999999999999999999999999999999999999•Sl YAk9k9kWnU=!Q+1)?U!&99999999999999999999999999999999999999999•S• YAk9S9•WnU=,#"C999999999999999999999999999999999999•Sk YAk9M9•W@++(4Q999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•Sm YAk9M9kWH#!%=050E0Q?999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•Sm YAk9M9SW@#0/Q999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•Su YAk9M9tWnU=)$EYSl999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•tl YAk9M9MWnU=)$EYJul999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•tl YAk9M9jWn$!Q$-4$#&Q?999999999999999999999999999999•t• YAk9M9j!Wn$!Q$1D!&9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•t• YAk9M9mWnU=PD$050E9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•tk YAk9M9uWnU=!Q+Q€$99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•tS YAk9M9•WWiQQ7QQ99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•tM YAk9M9•lWWnU=+99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•tj YAS9k9•WYA#1c9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•Mm YAS9k9•!W~U$$Q,c999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•Mm YAS9S9•Wi2R-,+Q999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•jk YAS9S9•WnU=2QˆE99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•jM YAS9S9kWnU=R$2QQ!„;699999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•jj YAS9S9SWJ+;D99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•ju YAS9S9tWJ+;#999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•j• YAS9S9MWJ+D'#999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•j• YAS9S9jWJ+8Q*QD'#-4$3099999999999999999999999999999•ml YAS9S9mWi2RR$!„5#09999999999999999999999999999999999999999999•m• 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YAS9t9•jWF8U!!„‹!C:i*mmlj999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999••M YAS9t9•mWF2(R$!„!Q$H*tmk9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999••j YAS9t9•uWIA=$QD$05#[[999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999••j YAS9t9••Wi44P5599999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999••u 12&3456)7"'89:; 4?    YAS9t9klWnU=8&(4N#[[[99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999••u YAS9t9k•WIA=$QD$05#[[[99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999••• YAS9t9kkWnU=8&(4N#[:99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999kll YAS9t9kSWIA=$QD$05#[:9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999kl• 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cong tròn - Xác định hướng các đường tang của đường cong, giao điểm của các đường tang là đỉnh của đường cong - Đo góc chuyển hướng của tuyến, ký hiệu tên đỉnh các đường cong, ghi trị số bán kính lên bình đồ - Sơ bộ phân tích hướng tuyến và trắc dọc của tuyến, nếu thấy cần thiết sẽ thay đổi vị trí đỉnh của đường cong nằm hoặc chọn lại trị số bán kính R - Sau khi sửa chữa vị trí tuyến lần... của đường Các nguồn nước: Nước mặt, nước ngầm, nước ngập đây là những yếu tố trực tiếp gây ra những tác động xấu cho cơng trình đường, chúng có thể gây sạc lỡ mái taluy nền đường làm cho cường độ nền đường giảm xuống hoặc trực tiếp ngấm qua mặt đường làm hư hỏng kết cấu áo đường và nền đường Chính vì vậy, khi xây dựng và thiết kế đường cần đặc biệt chú ý đến việc thiết kế các hệ thống thốt nước trên tuyến. .. đàn hồi u cầu tối thiểu Trị số Qui tính phạm m 2×0,5 Mpa Chọn 2×0,5 100 Chương 3: THIẾT KẾ BÌNH ĐỒ TÚN 3.1 NGUN TẮC THIẾT KẾ: - Đảm bảo các yếu tố của tuyến như bán kính tối thiểu của đường cong nằm, chiều dài đường cong chuyển tiếp, độ dốc dọc max của đường khi triển tuyến, v v khơng vi phạm những qui định về trị số giới hạn đối với cấp đường thiết kế - Đảm bảo tuyến đường ơm theo hình dạng địa... M M 20000 Thay các số liệu vào cơng thức 3.1 ta được: 10000 1 l= × = 13,16 (mm) 0.038 20000 3.4 LẬP CÁC ĐƯỜNG DẪN HƯỚNG TÚN: Đường dẫn hướng tuyến là đường nối các đoạn thẳng tạo thành một đường sườn do người thiết kế vạch ra theo một quan điểm thiết kế kỹ thuật nào đó Để vạch các đường dẫn hướng tuyến một cách dễ dàng, phù hợp với thực tế cần phải xem xét kỹ các yếu tố của địa hình, vì vậy đối với... âäüng lỉûc ca xe MAZ-500 Giá trị của D phụ thuộc vào tốc độ xe chạy V đối với từng chuyển số, các đường cong này được thiết lập với điều kiện mở hết bướm ga trong động cơ nổ + f: Hệ số sức cản lăn tùy theo từng loại mặt đường sẽ được thiết kế, căn cứ vào tốc độ thiết kế đã được chọn ở trên ta có: f = f0 Tra bảng 2 của [2] ứng với loại mặt đường nhựa ta có f = 0,02 Độ dốc thiết kế lớn nhất tính theo điều... các đường giao thơng khác - Đánh dấu những khu vực bất lợi về địa chất, địa chất thủy văn mà tuyến nên tránh và các điểm tựa mà tuyến nên chạy qua Cụ thể , với các điều kiện địa hình và địa chất của khu vực tuyến thiết kế, tuyến phải đi qua các điểm khống chế sau : - Điểm đầu, điểm cuối tuyến - Điểm vượt đèo (điểm n ngựa) 3.3 QUAN ĐIỂM THIẾT KẾ VÀ XÁC ĐỊNH BƯỚC COMPA: 3.3.1 Quan điểm thiết kế: Khi thiết. .. XÁC ĐỊNH CẤP HẠNG ĐƯỜNG : Trên cơ sở các số liệu thiết kế đã cho là lưu lượng xe chạy cùng với việc phân tích địa hình, địa mạo và ý nghĩa phục vụ của tuyến Từ đó dựa trên tiêu chuẩn thiết kế TCVN 4054-2005 để chọn ra cấp hạng của tuyến, như vậy việc chọn cấp hạng của tuyến dựa trên 3 yếu tố sau: 2.1.1 Các căn cứ: - Căn cứ vào mục đích, ý nghĩa và chức năng phục vụ của tuyến: là đường nối hai trung... theo đường đồng mức 80 về điểm B cao độ 74,95m Tuyến có 6 đường cong nằm, có điểm vượt sơng Chiều dài tồn tuyến là: L= 4910,52m -Phương án II: Tuyến đi tương tự phương án IV Tuyến có 5 đường cong nằm, bán kính lớn nhất là 1500m, bán kính nhỏ nhất là 300m Chiều dài tuyến là L= 4723,05m 3.6 SO SÁNH SƠ BỘ CHỌN 2 PHƯƠNG ÁN TÚN: Sau khi so sánh tất cả các chỉ tiêu về: - Chiều dài tuyến (m) - Hệ số triển tuyến. .. bảo tuyến là một đường khơng gian đều đặn, êm dịu, trên hình phối cảnh tuyến khơng bị bóp méo hay gẫy khúc Muốn vậy phải phối hợp hài hòa giữa các yếu tố tuyến trên bình đồ, mặt cắt ngang, mặt cắt dọc và giữa các yếu tố đó với địa hình xung quanh - Tránh các vùng đất yếu, đất sạc lở; đối với đường cấp cao tránh tuyến chạy qua khu dân cư - Phải phối hợp tốt giữa các yếu tố tuyến và phối hợp tốt tuyến đường