Ex: There are black clouds in the sky, It looks as if it’s going to rain... Ex: It’s raining now I wish it would stop raining.. Ex: Lan always goes to school late I wish Lan wouldn’t
Trang 1PART I THE PAST SUBJUNCTIVE
The past subjunctive is the form which is not true at present and in the past It appears in:
1 The conditional “type II” and “type III”
- Type II: If the Earth were an apple, I would eat it
- Type III: If it hadn’t rained yesterday, I would have gone a picnic
2 The structure: ư đ n lúc …
It’s time ………
It’s high time………… S + V (past subjunctive) (be = were)
It’s about time ………
Ex: It’s high time we worked harder ã đ n lúc chúng ta c n làm vi c ch m ch h n
3 The structure: as if/ as though: n h th lƠ …
a S + V(present simple) + as if/ as though + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Cách s d ng: Dùng trong câu không có th c hi n t i
Ex: She loves me as if/ as though she were my mother
b S + V(past simple) + as if/ as though + S + V(past perfect)
Cách s d ng: Dùng trong câu không có th c trong quá kh
Ex: She talked as if/ as though she had known I was ill
Notes: So sánh: as if (though) và seem (appear)
Các t trên đ u bi u th : d ng nh , có v … nh ng có s khác nhau
+ seem và appear: là k v s th c ho c g n nh s th c dung d ng câu bình th ng
+ as if và as though: trên th c t là không ph i, mà ch là “t a nh ”
Trong tr ng h p “as if (though)” g p ph i “it seems…” thì ta có th dung nh “seem” đ bi u th có kh
n ng là s th c
Ex: There are black clouds in the sky, It looks as if it’s going to rain
4 The structure: would rather: ai đó thích ai đó lƠm gì h n
S + would rather + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were) Ex: I would rather you stayed at home
5 The structure: wishes: c
a wishes for future and present:
S + wish(es) (that) + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Ex: - I don’t live in Ho Chi Ming city now I wish (that) I lived in Ho Chi Minh city now
- I can’t play the piano I wish I could play the piano
Notes: S + wish(es) + S + would + V(inf) đ c dùng trong các tr ng h p sau:
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Trang 2Ex: He will not visit me tomorrow I wish he would visit me tomorrow
- Nói v th i ti t: khi ng i nói không b ng lòng v i tình tr ng th i ti t hi n t i và mong nó thay đ i
Ex: It’s raining now I wish it would stop raining
- Ng i nói không hài lòng v i tình cách c a ai đó và mong nó thay đ i
Ex: Lan always goes to school late I wish Lan wouldn’t go to school late
b Wishes for the past (không có th c trong quá kh )
S + wish + (that) + S + V(past perfect)
Ex: I didn’t know you were ill I wish I had known you were ill
Notes: if only = I wish/ we wish
Ex: If only you were here now
PART II: SUBJUNCTIVE SENTENCE
Là hình th c dùng đ ng t nguyên th khi đ ng t đó đ ng sau m t s đ ng t và tính t nh t đ nh đ ch
ai đó mu n ai đó làm gì Trong câu b t bu c ph i có “that”
1 S + V(any tenses) + that + S + (should) + V(inf)
Demand = require = request, advise = recommend, ask, suggest, urge, insist (nài n ), order, propose,
prefer
Ex: The doctor suggested that he (should) stop smoking
We proposed that he go to school on time
Note: N u không có “that” ta dùng c u trúc: S + V(any tenses) + sb to do st
2 It + to be(any tenses) + adj + that + S + (should) + V(inf)
Important, necessary = essential, urgent, recommended, suggested…
Ex: it was important that he stay in bed for a few days
EXERCISES ON SUBJUNCTIVE
I Choose the best answer in brackets by underlining it
1 He asked me (do/ to do/ doing) my homework before going to bed
2 Mary suggested that they (go/ are going/ went) together
3 It is necessary that she (understand/ understands/ understood) what he says
4 She (said/told/ recommended) that they go to Pazza for a drink
5 We (asked/ told/ suggested) working collaboratively on the project (h p tác)
6 It is (recommended/ recommending/ recommends) that we stop working and have a holiday
7 It is urgent that she (left/ leave/ is leaving) now
8 The teacher requested that all students (leave/ to leave/ left) the room
9 She suggested (to go/ going/ go) to the dancing club tonight
10 It was important that he (agrees/ agree/ agreeing) to help us
11 If I (am / was/ were) you, I would not do such a thing
12 if you (shall/ should) ever see him, please hand him this note
13 She (requested/ said/ suggested/ told) that we were not strong enough to do the job
14 It is interesting (that she know/ knowing/ to know) the truth
15 Our teacher requested the report (be completed/ should completed/ was completed) by the end of the month
Trang 3II Rewrite the following sentences as shown
1 I think it may rain It looks as ………
2 Without your help, I might have failed If it ………
3 He talks like a baby He talks as ………
4 If it had been fine then, I would have gone fishing Had ………… ………
5 We have to go otherwise we’ll late It’s ………
6 I don’t like you smoke in here I’d ………
7 “If I were you I wouldn’t trust Peter” She told John She advised ………
8 I am sorry I am not living near your house I wish ………
9 He appears to be running away from your fierce dog It looks………
10 I would love to be rich and famous If only ………
11 I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home I’d rather ………
12 We’d better buy a new cooker It’s ………
13 It’s a pity that you made a lot of mistakes I’d ………
14 She wants to go to Las Vegas more than anywhere in the world She’d ………
15 I’m sorry now that I asked her to stay Now I wish………
III Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form 1 It’s high time for us (leave) ………
2 If only I (have) a phone I’m tired of (queue) outside the public phone box………
3 You (have) better take off your wet shoes………
4 He walks as if he (have) a wooden leg………
5 He talks as if he (do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it…………
6 I hate driving I’d much rather you (drive)………
7 I wish I (not try) to repair it I only made it worse ………
8.He looks as though he never (get) a square meal, but in fact his wife feeds him very well……… (b a n đ y, b a n no nê)
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