Notes: So sánh: as if though và seem appear Các từ trên đều biểu thị: dường như, có vẻ … nhưng có sự khác nhau.. Trong trường hợp “as if though” gặp phải “it seems…” thì ta có thể dung
Trang 1PART I THE PAST SUBJUNCTIVE The past subjunctive is the form which is not true at present and in the past It appears in:
1 The conditional “type II” and “type III”
- Type II: If the Earth were an apple, I would eat it
- Type III: If it hadn’t rained yesterday, I would have gone a picnic
2 The structure: Đã đến lúc …
It’s time ………
It’s about time ………
Ex: It’s high time we worked harder Đã đến lúc chúng ta cần làm việc chăm chỉ hơn
3 The structure: as if/ as though: như thể là …
a S + V(present simple) + as if/ as though + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng trong câu không có thực ở hiện tại
Ex: She loves me as if/ as though she were my mother
b S + V(past simple) + as if/ as though + S + V(past perfect)
Cách sử dụng: Dùng trong câu không có thực trong quá khứ
Ex: She talked as if/ as though she had known I was ill
Notes: So sánh: as if (though) và seem (appear)
Các từ trên đều biểu thị: dường như, có vẻ … nhưng có sự khác nhau
+ as if và as though: trên thực tế là không phải, mà chỉ là “tựa như”
Trong trường hợp “as if (though)” gặp phải “it seems…” thì ta có thể dung như “seem” để biểu thị có khả
năng là sự thực
Ex: There are black clouds in the sky, It looks as if it’s going to rain
4 The structure: would rather: ai đó thích ai đó làm gì hơn
S + would rather + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were) Ex: I would rather you stayed at home
5 The structure: wishes: ước
a wishes for future and present:
S + wish(es) (that) + S + V(past subjunctive) (be = were)
Ex: - I don’t live in Ho Chi Ming city now I wish (that) I lived in Ho Chi Minh city now
LUYỆN TẬP VỀ THỂ GIẢ ĐỊNH
(TÀI LIỆU BÀI GIẢNG)
Giáo viên: VŨ THỊ MAI PHƯƠNG
Trang 2- I can’t play the piano I wish I could play the piano
Notes: S + wish(es) + S + would + V(inf) được dùng trong các trường hợp sau:
- Có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: tomorrow, next week/ month…
Ex: He will not visit me tomorrow I wish he would visit me tomorrow
- Nói về thời tiết: khi người nói không bằng lòng với tình trạng thời tiết hiện tại và mong nó thay đổi
Ex: It’s raining now I wish it would stop raining
- Người nói không hài lòng với tình cách của ai đó và mong nó thay đổi
Ex: Lan always goes to school late I wish Lan wouldn’t go to school late
b Wishes for the past (không có thực trong quá khứ)
S + wish + (that) + S + V(past perfect)
Ex: I didn’t know you were ill I wish I had known you were ill
Notes: if only = I wish/ we wish
Ex: If only you were here now
PART II: SUBJUNCTIVE SENTENCE
Là hình thức dùng động từ nguyên thể khi động từ đó đứng sau một số động từ và tính từ nhất định để chỉ
ai đó muốn ai đó làm gì Trong câu bắt buộc phải có “that”
1 S + V(any tenses) + that + S + (should) + V(inf)
Demand = require = request, advise = recommend, ask, suggest, urge, insist (nài nỉ), order, propose, prefer
Ex: The doctor suggested that he (should) stop smoking
We proposed that he go to school on time
Note: Nếu không có “that” ta dùng cấu trúc: S + V(any tenses) + sb to do st
2 It + to be(any tenses) + adj + that + S + (should) + V(inf)
Important, necessary = essential, urgent, recommended, suggested…
Ex: it was important that he stay in bed for a few days
EXERCISES ON SUBJUNCTIVE
I Choose the best answer in brackets by underlining it
1 He asked me (do/ to do/ doing) my homework before going to bed
2 Mary suggested that they (go/ are going/ went) together
3 It is necessary that she (understand/ understands/ understood) what he says
4 She (said/told/ recommended) that they go to Pazza for a drink
5 We (asked/ told/ suggested) working collaboratively on the project (hợp tác)
6 It is (recommended/ recommending/ recommends) that we stop working and have a holiday
7 It is urgent that she (left/ leave/ is leaving) now
8 The teacher requested that all students (leave/ to leave/ left) the room
9 She suggested (to go/ going/ go) to the dancing club tonight
10 It was important that he (agrees/ agree/ agreeing) to help us
Trang 311 If I (am / was/ were) you, I would not do such a thing
12 if you (shall/ should) ever see him, please hand him this note
13 She (requested/ said/ suggested/ told) that we were not strong enough to do the job
14 It is interesting (that she know/ knowing/ to know) the truth
15 Our teacher requested the report (be completed/ should completed/ was completed) by the end of the month
II Rewrite the following sentences as shown
1 I think it may rain It looks as ………
2 Without your help, I might have failed If it ………
3 He talks like a baby He talks as ………
4 If it had been fine then, I would have gone fishing Had ………… ………
5 We have to go otherwise we’ll late It’s ………
6 I don’t like you smoke in here I’d ………
7 “If I were you I wouldn’t trust Peter” She told John She advised ………
8 I am sorry I am not living near your house I wish ………
9 He appears to be running away from your fierce dog It looks………
10 I would love to be rich and famous If only ………
11 I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home I’d rather ………
12 We’d better buy a new cooker It’s ………
13 It’s a pity that you made a lot of mistakes I’d ………
14 She wants to go to Las Vegas more than anywhere in the world She’d ………
15 I’m sorry now that I asked her to stay Now I wish………
III Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form 1 It’s high time for us (leave) ………
2 If only I (have) a phone I’m tired of (queue) outside the public phone box………
3 You (have) better take off your wet shoes………
4 He walks as if he (have) a wooden leg………
5 He talks as if he (do) all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it…………
6 I hate driving I’d much rather you (drive)………
7 I wish I (not try) to repair it I only made it worse ………
8.He looks as though he never (get) a square meal, but in fact his wife feeds him very well……… (bữa ăn đẫy, bữa ăn no nê)
Giáo viên: Vũ Thị Mai Phương Nguồn : Hocmai.vn