USEFUL STRUCTURES ( Cấu trúc quan trọng) 1. Ex1: It’s difficult for me to learn Russian = To learn Russian is difficult. = Learning Russian is difficult. It’s + adj + (for + O) + to V 0 2. Ex2: It’s impossible for us to finish the long test on time. It’s + impossible + (for + O) + to V 0 3. Ex3: It takes me 30 minutes to cook dinner. = I spend 30 minutes cooking dinner. It + takes/ took/ will take + O + time + to V 0 = S + spend / spent / will spent + time + V_ing 4. Ex4: It’s likely that man will conque nature. It’s + likely + that + S + V 5. - Diễn tả thói quen ở quá khứ: Ex5: I used to cry when I was a child. Khẳng định: S + used to + V 0 Phủ định S + didn’t use to + V 0 - Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại: Ex5: She is / gets used to getting up early. S + tobe ( is/am/are) + used to + V _ ing S + get + used to + V_ing 6. Ex6: You had better get up early and do morning exercises. S + had better + (not) + V 0 1. Ex7: I’d rather stay at home than go out. = I prefer staying at home to going out. S + would rather + V 0 + than + V 0 = S + prefer + V_ing + TO + V_ing 8. Ex8: They try to study in order to pass their exam Ex9: They study hard so as not to fail the exam. S + V + in order to + V 0 so as (not) to Ex10: I try to study so that I can pass the exam. Ex11: I try to learn English in order that I can find a good job. S + V + so that + S + can/ will + V 0 In order that could/ may… 9. Ex12: I couldn’t come to class yesterday because I was ill. Ex13: Because the weather was bad, the flight was put off. S 1 + V + because + S 2 + V Ex14: I couldn’t come to class yesterday because of his illness. Ex15: Because of the bad weather, the flight was put off. S 1 + V + because of + - cụm danh từ - V_ing 10. Ex16: Although he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car. = Inspite of having enough money, he refused to buy a new car. Although + S 1 + V , S 2 + V Even though = Inspite of N , S + V Despite V_ing 11. Ex16: This coffee is too hot for me to drink. Ex17: He runs too slowly to catch the bus. Tobe: S + tobe ( is/ am/ are) + TOO + adj + TO V 0 Động từ: S + V + TOO + adv + TO V 0 12. Ex18: He’s intelligent enough to get good marks. Ex19: They speak slowly enough to understand. Tobe: S + tobe ( is / am/ are) + adj + ENOUGH + to V 0 Động từ: S + V + adv + ENOUGH + to V 0 13. Ex20: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything. = It was such a dark night that I couldn’t see anything. S 1 + V + SO + adj / adv + THAT + S 2 + V S 1 + V + SUCH (+ A/ AN + adj + N) + THAT + S 2 + V 14. Ex21: I find it very difficult to learn about English. Ex22: They found it easy to overcome that problem. S + find/ found/ will find + it + adj + to V 0 EXERCISE: Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. 1. I got to class on time _____ I had missed my bus. a.even though b.nevertheless c.because d. despite 2. He stayed up late to talk to us_______ he didn’t feel well. a.because b.eventhough c.when d.however 3. That man is ______ deaf to hear what we say a.so b. enough c. too d. not 4. They worked hard_____ they might be well prepared for the examination. a.because b. since c. then d.so that 5. “ It’s _____ a nice day_______ we should do something” “ Then , let’s go out swimming” a. either … or b.such …. that c.neither … nor d.so… that 6. Peter didn’t arrive in time to see her. A. Peter wasn’t early enough to see her. B. Peter wasn’t enough early to see her. A. Peter wasn’t too early to see her. D. Peter was so late that I can’t see her. 7. The lesson is easy enough for us to understand it A B C D 8. They are not ……… to take part in this program of the World Health Organization. A. old enough B. enough old C. so old D. as old 9. Paul was …… disappointed with his examination results that he was sad all week. A. too B. enough C. so D. such 10. The Switch was too high for him to catch. A. He wasn’t tall enough for reaching the switch. B. He wasn’t tall enough to reach the switch. C. He wasn’t enough tall to reach the switch. D. He wasn’t so tall that to reach the switch. 11. The switch is ……… high for her to reach A. very B. too C. enough D. so 12. Would to be ……… to hold the door open ? A. too kind B. kind enough C. as kind D. so kind 13. The car is too expensive for him to buy A. He is not rich enough to buy a car B. He is not rich enough to buy the car C.He is not rich enough to buy car D. He is poor enough to buy the car 14. Peter didn’t arrive in time to see her. a. Peter wasn’t early enough to see her B. .Peter wasn’t enough early to see her. b. Peter wasn’t too early to see her. D. Peter was so late that I can’t see her. 15. The lesson is easy enough for us to understand it A B C D 16. They are not ……… to take part in this program of the World Health Organization. A. old enough B. enough old C. so old D. as old 17. Paul was …… disappointed with his examination results that he was sad all week. A. too B. enough C. so D. such 18. The switch is ……… high for her to reach A. very B. too C. enough D. so 19.When I was a child, I …………………………… like ice-cream, but I don’t like it now. A. am used to B. used to C. use D. am used for 20.I ……………………………wearing glasses. A. am used to B. used to C. use D. am used for 21.We live in the capital now but we ……… live in a small village. A. used to B. are used to C. use D. get used to 22.The baby ………………… getting up early. A. used to B. don’t get used to C. is not used to D. is used for 23.He ……………………………reading newspaper in the morning. A. used to B. is used C. is used for D. gets used to 24. A small fish needs camouflage to hide itself _______its enemies cannot find it. A. so that B. because C. therefore D. due to 25. We decided to join the English speaking club ______ improve our English. A. so that B. so to C. in order D. to 26. She worked hard ______ everything would be ready by 6 o’clock. A. that B. for C. in order that D. so as to 27. She got up early _________ miss the bus. A. in order that B. so that C. not to D. for 28. There is _______noise that I can hear nothing A. so many B. such C. so much D. so 29. There are ________ planets in the universe that we can’t count them. A. so much B. such C. so many D. so 30. He was _______ tired that he slept all days. A. such B. too C. so D. very 31. It was _____ a difficult question that I couldn’t answer it. A. so B. such C. too D. very 32.It was ________ a boring speech that I fell asleep. A. such B. so C. much D. too 33.I like watching TV more than listening to the radio. A. I prefer watching TV to listening to the radio. B. I prefer watching TV than listening to the radio. C. I’d better watching TV to listening to the radio. D. I’d better watch TV to listening to the radio. 34.I find it important to learn English. A. I make it possible to learn English B. I find that learning English important. C. It’s important to learn English. D. It’s as important to learn English. 35._______ it was raining hard, he went out without a raincoat. A. Despite B. In spite of C. However D. Although 36.He went on working ______ feeling unwell. A. although B. unless C. due to D. despite 37.They decided to go ______ the danger. A. because B. in spite of C. although D. so 38.______ they lost, their fans gave them a big cheer. A. However B. In spite of C. Although D. if . USEFUL STRUCTURES ( Cấu trúc quan trọng) 1. Ex1: It’s difficult for me to learn Russian = To learn