Tóm Tắt Kiến thức Hóa Đại Cương A1

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‹+1%GAh12+I069'+:12+)hF|q o o0q o o0q'  bbtl\qB$0+∆B•(J%)0+1)0++8"#…ŒKU 0qGS);GS=F0+1)+#j1= ⇒o GS •o ;GS g1=I1z31∆B ;GS I0*:q7$%U0qGS=F0+1)+I6"1=7F h/ 2) Sl(7Jh( +)*+h( o GS 5O⇒∆B5O o ;GS 5O⇒∆B>O S)I1+)*+h( ,G0U0qW>'E ID0(+8"Ah12+ ,G0U0q'W97+Ž'+: ID$0(+8"T1:91+qL+# „t1=U0q10+>'E Y 3) •m"$D0(+ "# $D0(+*11%k1%8" '# •m"A8"B B5jΩa )*+AE6;<$"IΩ36+1% 4) ;+:+D0(+8"$%6U0q "# 8"U0q'+:12+0+1W-56 '# 8"U0q+†]1ˆ+Acl] S:-  •- K ⇒∆B•O⇒U0q97+Ž'+: ⇒Ac=z9z7u+L+=-"-( # ;+:+D0(+8"D+1% G01+MA+-56 G01+MA+\56 S:+ ( ƒ ) Ah12+D+1%Gq II- Nguyên lý III (6ên đề Nernst) 1) Sl C0(+8"$%7*+7yz.]Oj'EAh BWOj 5AΩ5O Wyz.]Oj/)*+0+)m$h•=$%0+)+$h 2) C0(+1+8"]+1%G bbS3ŒBh•OI0LA+3Œ+077=z=B + •O 3) ;+:+D0(+8"(./="H III- Hàm thế nhiệt động. Tiêu chuẩn xét chiều của quá trình  h(∆BvOG+w97+Ž'+:)+*+8"U0q  Ahh(r$,$h+0u1")M$%h($*+r$)$%+0u$% h(⇒yw97+Ž'+:8"$*+∆B,∆B $ vO  $":W∆B,∆B $ H+$:+1%#Guƒ( o ˆ+I1ˆ(⇒$:1ˆ+1ˆ( o ˆ+I1ˆ@⇒$:1.+1ˆ@ 1) $:1ˆ+1ˆ( "# m"GI-56 9+'+:12+1= ƒGB5‡$0+ ‡1!H+T!‡+''6IC"(+97":1ˆ( '# •m")l8"∆‡ ‡5GB5{,-\GB 7‡57{,-7\,\7-G7BB7G (7Jl) 7{5δo,δ}$7}5-7\,δ}‘ Wδ}‘hsc δo’G7Ba 7{’G7B-7\,δ}‘  dG ≤ δW’ + PdV – SdT (phương trình cơ bản của nhiệt động học) S:U0q)7G5OI7-5OW7GI-56 q 7‡ GI- 5δ}‘ $"3 ∆‡ GI- 5}‘ $"3  ∆‡'+zhsc8"U0q1ˆ+1ˆ( 2) $:1ˆ+1ˆ@W$9∆‡ "# m"GI\56 9+'+:12+1= d ƒ{GB5&$0+ &1!H+T!D$<":1ˆ@ '# •m")l8"∆& &5{GB 7&57{G7BB7G (7Jl) 7{5δo,δ}$7}5-7\,δ}‘ Wδ}‘hsc δo’G7Ba  7&’δ}‘-7\B7G S:U0q)7G5OI7\5OW7GI\56 q 7&5δ}‘ $"3 ∆&5}‘ $"3  ∆&'+zhsc8"U0q1ˆ+1ˆ@  G=$+Iyw97+Ž'+:)+*+8"U0q o GI-56⇒7‡≤O o GI\56⇒7&≥O  ?+++s"‡)&‡5&,-\ 3) ;+:+:1ˆ( "# G:1ˆ(6+w]+1%G∆‡  GI6 W1 5O '# Gc'+:+:1ˆ(8"(./="H IV- Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến thế đẳng áp: 1) “]8"+1% …Œ•='+:12+IAh6+h=cI=-56 G")'+z/∆‡5∆G∆B)+"K):G K I"= W-0q‡+''6D$<  „@(>K): ⇒ \*+ ∆ O G 5ƒWG 5",'G,` ⇒∆‡ O 5ƒWG 2) “]8"(6 …ŒIAh6+hscIG56 "# +)*+0^)|I+\56 ⇒∆‡5\W- K -  '# +)*+Acl]I\5NGf- ⇒ 3) “]8"(#j++$:=" 4) ?+U"+s"7∆‡)1%*∆I∆B)G .  HÓA ĐẠI CƯƠNG A1 CÁC CÔNG THỨC CẦN NHỚ  . 6!II$I$ 6 #?k+6=lm"0+# ?$D1%!%++8"DD0=+0 )*+$ 6 5n65nfK Z o^jDAp6A+  b K Chương II: Liên kết hóa học  G0q9T!L(1:"8"?i0(>1r ". ‡+†]'+-  Ah12+} ' 5-  ∆ o ‡+†]-  5-   S:Acl]  II- Nguyên lý I áp dụng vào hóa học 1) j++$%+TW{ 2) Sl+1%9HB9'+:12+%+T'E2.7T!0"12+)*+$h+ 0u +)*+'+:12+)hF|7{5δ},δo +)*+'+:12+s "#