I. Choose the most suitable word for each space: According to a magazine article I read recently, we (1)…………… live in an age of increasing leisure. Not only are more and more people reaching (2)………….. age with their taste for enjoyment and even adventure relatively (3)……………. but the working week is becoming shorter and the opportunities for (4) …………… are becoming greater and greater all the time. Not to mention the fact that people (5) ……………. to spend less time travelling to work or may even be working from home. What I can’t understand, however, is who these people are. As far as I can (6) …………… the whole thing is another one of (7) ……………. journalistic fictions. I admit that there are a lot of retired people (8) …………… but I am not sure that all of them are dashing about learning hanggliding or sailing singlehanded (9) ……………. the world. My own parents seem to (10) ………….. most of their time gazing at the television. And as for the shorter working week, I wish someone (11) ………….. remind my company about it. I seem to be working longer and longer hour (12) ……………. the time. The little leisure time I have is eaten into by sitting in trafic jams or waiting for trains to (13) ……………….. up at rain swept platforms. I haven’t noticed any dramatic improvements in my (14) …………….. lifestyle either, but perhaps I just have to wait until I get my (15) …………… 1. A. presently B. at the moment C. now D. at this time 2. A. retirement B. their C. later D. third 3. A. present B. survived C. free D. intact 4. A. this B. longer C. leisure D. people 5. A. use B. tend C. have D. demand 6. A. concern B. imagine C. expect D. tell 7. A. the B. those C. these D. some 8. A. in our days B. in these time C. nowadays D. now and again 9. A. round B. over C. through D. into 10. A. have B. use C. the D. spend 11. A. would B. to C. had D. might 12. A. at B. for C. take D. all 13. A. keep B. line C. show D. set 14. A. cost of living B. lifestyle C. lifeline D. livelihood 15. A. pension B. retirement C. insurance D. salary
Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA LUYỆN PHÁT ÂM CHUẨN Có 20 nguyên âm trong tiếng Anh trong đó có 12 nguyên âm đơn và 8 nguyên âm đôi. Dưới đây là các ký hiệu của các nguyên âm trong tiếng Anh và các từ chứa các nguyên âm đó. Âm Ví dụ Từ đọc khác ʌ run, sun, cup, luck, but, dust, gun, rug, duck, come, some, love, does, other, among, honey, nothing, young, touch, rough, enough, double, trouble, blood,flood Duke /ju:/, no /ou/, tone /ou/, do /u:/, couch /au/, about /au/, gone / ɒ/, flour /auə/, food /u:/ a: arm, bar, star, harm, cart, charm scarce, father, calm, half, clerk, heart scarce /eə/, quart /ɔ:/ æ cat, black, tan, map, fan, dam, Father /a:/, calm /a:/ e met, bed, get, them, debt, send, tend, bread, breath, head, lead, wealth, weather, deaf, bury, leisure, friend, many, measure to breathe Eleven /i/, term /ɜ:/, to lead (lãnh đạo) /i:/, to breathe /i:/ ə away, cinema (hầu hết các nguyên âm nằm trong âm tiết không được nhấn mạnh đều được đọc là ə) ɜ: err, serve, verse, mercy, stir, girl, bird, first, world, word, worm, turn, burn, hurt, burglar, Thursday, learn, earth, heard, earn, search bear /eə/, hear /iə/ i hit, sitting, bit, kit, dim, grin, twin, him, begin, become, decide, return, remind, exchange, industry, friendly, cloudy, rainy,market, booklet, climate, passage, women, busy, minute hide /ai/, bite /ai/, den /e/, benefit /e/, dry /ai/, sky /ai/, woman /u/ i: see, free, screen, agree, guarantee, sea, seat, heat, easy, dream, teach, breathe, creature, scene, complete, obsolete, intervene, Vietnamese, seize, ceiling, conceive, receive, receipt, grief, chief, believe, relieve, belief, machine, sardine, routine, magazine break /ei/, breakfast /e/, friend /e/, science /ai/ ɒ hot, rock, clock, doctor, document, opposite, among /ʌ/, nothing /ʌ/ PHONETICS (cont) Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA LUYỆN PHÁT ÂM CHUẨN long, strong ɔ: call, fall, all, tall, small, wall, ball fault, haunt, launch, daughter, naughty law, dawn, crawl, awful, awkward, straw born, lord, sort, forty, morning, portable, cross, lost, loss, cost four, pour, court, course, cough, oar, board, hoarse, soar, roar door, floor shall / æ/, laugh /a:/, aunt /a:/ ghost /ou/, rough, enough /ʌ/, hour /auə/, poor /uə/, /ɔ:/ u put, bush, pull, full, butcher, bullet could, should, would foot, cook, book, look, good, wood woman, wolf cut /ʌ/, food /u:/, blood /ʌ/ u: brew, crew, flew, screw bruise, fruit, juice, cruise, recruit blue, glue, clue food, cool, goose, spoon, tool, tooth, bamboo do, two, who, whom, whose, tomb sew /ou/ ruin /u:i/, mosquito /i:/ foot /u/, blood /ʌ/ ai five, bite, site, sight, like, kind, child eye, die, dye, lie, pie cry, try, shy, type, cycle guide, guise, quite, require to live /i/ typical, pyramid /i/ au out, bound, cloud, doubt, found, proud now, vow, brow, crown, gown, towel, frown our, hour, flour young, touch /ʌ/ crow /ou/ colour /ə/, tour /uə/ ou go, no, so, toe, tomato, potato, comb, cold, home coal, coat, goat, foam, loan, road, soak bow, low, mow, row, grow, narrow, widow though, dough, although do /u:/, bomb /ɒ/ now, brow /au/ touch /ʌ/, hour /au/ eə bare, care, hare, prepare air, chair, hair, pair bear, pear, to tear (xé rách), wear heir, their where beard, hear, tear /iə/ ei late, cake, mate, nation, Asian, change, strange bail, mail, hail, sail, nail, faint say, stay, day, clay, ray great, break, steak have /æ/, plaque / æ/ said /e/ quay /i:/ breakfast /e/ Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG - KHÓA LUYỆN PHÁT ÂM CHUẨN they, prey, grey, obey eight, weight, freight, neighbour height /ai/ iə near, ear, hear, clear, tear beer, cheer, deer, career, engineer here, we’re, sincere, coherent to tear (xé rách) /eə/ ɔi join, oil, boil, spoil, soil boy, destroy, joy, toy uə tourist, poor (Ngày nay nhiều người bản ngữ không dùng âm này mà thay vào đó là âm /ɔ:/) BÀI TẬP Exercise 1. Choose the word in which the letter in bold is pronounced differently from the vowel sound on the left. 1. /e/ A. bread B. women C.eggs D. many 2. /ʌ/ A. enough B. brother C. sugar D. much 3./ɒ/ A. onion B. coffee C. lot D. what 4. /ɜ/ A. shirt B. pork C. world D. university 5. /i:/ A. cheese B. tea C. bit D. magazine 6. /a:/ A. car B. carrot C. farther D. half 7. /i/ A. building B. little C. bird D. milk 8. /u:/ A. shampoo B. look C. fruit D. two 9. /ai/ A. dry B. design C. skiing D. mine 10. /ou/ A. rough B. dough C. narrow D. grow . free, screen, agree, guarantee, sea, seat, heat, easy, dream, teach, breathe, creature, scene, complete, obsolete, intervene, Vietnamese, seize, ceiling, conceive, receive, receipt, grief,. scarce, father, calm, half, clerk, heart scarce /eə/, quart /ɔ:/ æ cat, black, tan, map, fan, dam, Father /a:/, calm /a:/ e met, bed, get, them, debt, send, tend, bread, breath, head, lead,. Từ đọc khác ʌ run, sun, cup, luck, but, dust, gun, rug, duck, come, some, love, does, other, among, honey, nothing, young, touch, rough, enough, double, trouble, blood,flood Duke /ju:/,