ĐỀ CƯƠNG môn đại CƯƠNG văn hóa VIỆT NAM

Đề cương môn đại cương văn hóa việt Nam 1.1. Định nghĩa văn hóa của Hồ Chí Minh năm 1942: Trong mục “đọc sách” ở đầu cuốn “Nhật kí trong tù” (1942 1943), lần đầu tiên chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh đưa ra định nghĩa về văn hóa: “ Vì lẽ sinh tồn cũng như mục đích của cuộc sống, loài người đã sáng tạo và phát minh ra ngôn ngữ,chữ viết, đạo đức, pháp luật, khoa học, tôn giáo, văn học, nghệ thuật, những công cụ cho sinh hoạt hằng ngày về mặt ăn ở và các phương thức sử dụng. Toàn bộ những sáng tạo và phát minh đó tức là văn hóa”. 1.2. Định nghĩa văn hóa của UNESSCO: Trong ý nghĩa rộng nhất “văn hóa hôm nay có thể coi là tổng thể những nét riêng biệt tinh thần và vật chất, trí tuệ và xúc cảm quyết định tính cách của một xã hội hay của một nhóm người trong xã hội. Văn hóa bao gồm nghệ thuật và văn chương, những lối sống, những quyền cơ bản của con người, những hệ thống, các giá trị, những tập tục và tín ngưỡng. Văn hóa đem lại cho con người khả năng suy xét về bản thân. Chính văn hóa làm cho chúng ta trở thành những sinh vật đặc biệt nhân bản, có lí tính, có óc phê phán và dấn thân một cách đạo lí. Chính nhờ văn hóa mà con người tự thể hiện, tự ý thức được bản thân, tự biết mình là một phương án chưa hoàn thành đặt ra để xem xét những thành tựu của bản thân, tìm tòi không biết mệt những ý nghĩa mới mẻ và sáng tạo nên nhưng công trình vượt trội lên bản thân.”.

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