A preparation course for the GCSE& University Entrance_Lê Xuân Hồ 45 -II/.. REPORTED SPEECH: Câu nói tường thuật gián tiếp Examples: 1 Peter said: “I work for a big computer company in
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-II/ REPORTED SPEECH: Câu nói tường thuật (gián tiếp)
Examples:
(1) Peter said: “I work for a big computer company in London.”
Peter said (that) he worked for a big computer company in London.”
(2) They said: “We are going to visit grandmother tomorrow.”
They said (that) they were going to visit grandmother the day after
LƯU Ý:
Câu nói gián tiếp (khi mệnh ñề giới thiệu* (câu dẫn) ở quá khứ) có những thay ñổi
sau ñây so với câu nói trực tiếp:
* Trong ví dụ (1) ở trên mệnh ñề giới thiệu là “Peter said that”, ví dụ (2) mệnh ñề giới thiệu là “They
said that”
ðổi ngôi: ðổi ngôi cho phù hợp với tình huống
- The students said: “We are going to organize our first English speaking
club next weekend.”
The students said that they were going to organize their first English
speaking club the next weekend
Lùi thì:
DIRECT SPEECH
(Trực tiếp)
INDIRECT SPEECH
(Gián tiếp)
HAVE TO / HAS TO /
MUST
HAD TO
ðổi các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn:
A preparation course for the GCSE& University Entrance_Lê Xuân Hồ 46
-DIRECT SPEECH
(Trực tiếp)
INDIRECT SPEECH
(Gián tiếp)
today; at this time that day; at that time
next day
the next week
Bảng “ngôi”:
Adj
Reflexive Pronoun
Meanings
I me my myself
We us our ourselves You you your yourselves They them their themselves
He him his himself She her her herself
It it its itself
Exercise 1:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1 John said: “I am going to New York next month.”
John said
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-2 Jane said to us: “We have learnt French for three years.”
Jane told us
3 George said: “We didn’t attend the party last night.”
George said
4 Tom said to me: “I am sure you will be successful here.”
Tom told me
5 “I don’t like Rock”, said John to me
John told me
6 Joe said: “We met at high school and we have been best friends ever
since.”
Joe said
7 She said to us: “My father is teaching English at this school”
She told us
8 Kathy said to me: “Your language is easy to understand.”
Kathy told me
9 John said: “I must go to see the doctor now My head is burning.”
John said
10 Jim said: “If the weather is fine tomorrow, we’ll go for a picnic.”
Jim said
Câu hỏi WH:
Examples:
(1) He asked: “Where are you going to organize the party, Jane?”
He asked Jane where she was going to organize the party
(2) He asked me: “How long will you stay here?”
He wanted to know how long I would stay there
Câu hỏi Yes / No:
- He asked me: “Will you go fishing with us next Sunday?”
He asked me if I would go fishing with them the next Sunday
He wanted to know whether I would go fishing with them the
next Sunday or not
Exercise 2:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
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-1 John said to me: “What are you doing here?”
John asked
2 He asked her: “How long have you been waiting?”
He asked
3 “What would happen if I pressed this red button?” said the boy The boy wondered
4 He said to Alice: “When will you come back here again?”
He wanted to know
5 He said to John: “Why didn’t you attend the meeting yesterday?”
He wanted to know
6 He asked her: “How long have you been working here?”
He asked
Exercise 3:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1 He asked me: “Did you meet Jane at the buffet last Sunday?”
He asked
2 “Will it work?” said the man
The man wondered
3 He said to her: “Are you free this Saturday night? Would you like to
go to the movies with us?”
He asked her
4 He asked them: “Have you been waiting long?”
He asked
5 She asked John: “Do you often visit your mother in the countryside?” She asked
6 She asked him, “Did you enjoy the party last night?”
She asked
7 He said: “Will Peter come back here again?”
He wanted to know
8 She said to George: “You look so tired Did you sit up late last night?” She said
(1) “Come in and lie down on the sofa, please!” said the doctor to
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-John
The doctor told John to come in and lie down on the sofa
(2) The doctor said to him: “Don’t smoke anymore!”
The doctor told him not to smoke anymore
The doctor advised him not to smoke anymore
Exercise 4:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1 He said to me: “Don’t touch the wall please It has just been painted.”
He told
2 He said to us “Open the windows please!”
He told
3 He said to us: “Don’t leave your bags here!”
He told
4 The doctor said to him: “Don’t drink so much!”
The doctor advised
5 He said to me: “Please lock the door carefully before leaving the
house”
He reminded me
6 He said to Anne: “Don’t forget to send me a message when you get
there next Sunday!”
He reminded
7 “Just come to visit grandma whenever you are free!” said his brother
to him
His brother told
8 “Stop making that much noise, please! Little Timmy is sleeping.”, said
his mother to him
His mother told
MORE EXERCISES
Exercise 6: Turn the following sentences into reported speech:
A preparation course for the GCSE& University Entrance_Lê Xuân Hồ 50
-1 John said to me, “How long will you stay here?”
John asked
2 “I’m going to New York next Saturday,” said Peter to Daisy
Peter told Daisy
3 “Don’t smoke anymore Smoking is bad for your health,” said the doctor to him The doctor advised
4 John said to me: “I’m sorry I didn’t call you earlier.”
John apologised
5 “I’m glad you have passed your exam Congratulations!” said George to Tom George congratulated
6 He said to them: “Please wait here for a minute Don’t come in now.”
He told
7 Mr Smith said to them: “Have you two met before?”
Mr Smith wondered
8 She said to him, “Don’t worry that much It will be alright.”
She told
9 “Will they come next Sunday or not, Jane?”
He wanted to know
10 “I will go camping with you next Saturday if the weather is fine”
He told me
Exercise 7: Turn the following sentences into reported speech:
1 She said to John: Where are you going now?
She asked John
2 “You shouldn’t drink that much”, said the doctor to John
The doctor advised
3 “I’m sorry I have forgotten to bring you the book,” said Jessica to George
Jessica apologised
4 He said, “I’ll drive you to the station, Jane.”
He offered
5 “We will come back again next summer.”
They promised
6 He said to them: “Come in, please!”
He told
7 He said: “I stayed at this hotel last summer.”
He said
8 She said: “We are going to hold a welfare party next Saturday.”
She said
9 “It’s a pity I couldn’t attend the meeting yesterday,” said Kevin
Kevin wished
2.4 OTHERS: Các dạng tường thuật phổ biến khác
Exercise 5:
Rewrite the following sentences in REPORTED SPEECH
1 He said to Jane “I’m sorry I didn’t call you earlier.”
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-He apologized for
2 The doctor said to him: “You shouldn’t smoke anymore.”
The doctor advised him
3 He said to me: “Let me drive you to the station.”
He offered
4 He said: “Would you like to go to the movies next Saturday, Kathy?”
He invited
5 He said to me: “How about going out for dinner this evening?”
He suggested
6 He said to George: “Congratulations! You have passed your
examination.”
He congratulated
7 “You shouldn’t go out late at night these days.”
He advised
8 She said: “Thank you very much for your lovely present, Alex.”
She thanked
9 They said to him: “Thank you very much You have helped us a lot
with the work.”
They thanked
10 He said: “Why don’t we go to Rex Restaurant for a big dinner this
evening?”
He suggested
11 The boy said: “I didn’t take her bags.”
The boy denied
12 “Yes That’s right I took his briefcase.” said the enquired man
The enquired man admitted
_ _
MC EXERCISE: Circle the best choice
1 He asked me of the football match
A what did I think B what do you think
C what I thought D what I think
2 The librarian _ the book out of the library
A said me not to take B told me don’t take
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-C said me didn’t take D told me not to take
3 “Don’t smoke in this room, please.”
A He told me don’t smoke in that room
B He told me didn’t smoke in that room
C He told me to not smoke in that room
D He told me not to smoke in that room
4 She wanted to know
A whether her child is doing well at school
B whether was her child doing well at school
C if her child will be doing well at school
D if her child was doing well at school
5 She asked me
A where do you come from B where do I come from
C where did I come from D where I came from
6 He _ that he would give me a ring the following day
A told B asked C spoke D said
7 My mom wanted to know
A when will I return home B when would I return home
C when I will return home D when I would return home
8 She asked, “why do you look so sad today, Jimmy?”
A She wondered why do you look so sad that day
B She wondered why did Johnny look so sad that day
C She wondered why Jimmy looked so sad that day
D She wondered why Jimmy is looking so sad that day
9 She said, “I’m going to Miami next week.”
A She told me I’m going to Miami the next week
B She told me she is going to Miami the next week
C She told me I was going to Miami the next week
D She told me she was going to Miami the next week
10 She asked John
A how long he has been waiting
B how long has he been waiting
C how long had he been waiting
D how long he had been waiting
11 “Don’t go out after 10 p.m., Judy”, said her aunt
A Her aunt told her not to go out after 10 p.m
B Her aunt told her not to going out after 10 p.m
C Her aunt told her didn’t go out after 10 p.m
D Her aunt told her not go out after 10 p.m
12 “You shouldn’t drink that much, James,” said the doctor
A The doctor advised James to drink that much
B The doctor advised James not drink that much
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-C The doctor advised James not to drink that much
D The doctor advised James didn’t drink that much
13 My father asked me, “where are you going?”
A My father wanted to know where you are going
B My father wanted to know where I was going
C My father wanted to know where was I going
D My father wanted to know where I am going
14 She asked her son _
A when will he get home B when would he get home
C when he would get home D when he will get home
15 She said to John, “I am leaving for New Hampshire next month.”
A She told John she was leaving for New Hampshire the following month
B She told John I was leaving for New Hampshire the following month
C She told John she is leaving for New Hampshire the following month
D She told John I am leaving for New Hampshire the following month
16 She asked me _ I had learnt any French before
17 They asked me _ I loved eating Sushi
A that B if C even if D if only
18 He wondered _ I would like to go swimming with them
A that B what C whether D which
19 Someone _ me you were away on holiday
20 They said they will let me go with them on the trip
A B C D
21 The teacher asked him why hadn’t he done his homework, but
A B C
he said nothing
D
22 I asked them what were they doing, but they said nothing
A B C D
23 They asked me that I had ever been to the place before
A B C D
24 They told to Mary what to do, but she didn’t listen and made
A B C D
that mistake again
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-25 Tony told that he didn’t known what to say in such an embarrassing
A B C D situation
- -
Asked, wondered, begged, ordered, advised, promised, reminded, suggested, insisted, invited, offered, refused, apologized, denied, admitted, accused, pleaded, pledged…
(to be continued)
- -
3.1 Statements: Câu phát biểu
Peter said: “I am going to New York next week.”
Peter said [that] he was going to New York the following week
ðổi ngôi, lùi thì, ñổi các từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn
(xem lại ghi chú trang 45-46)
3.2 Questions: Câu hỏi
Wh – questions:
what, when, where, who, why, how, how many, how much, how long
…
They said, “How long have you been waiting, John?”
They asked John how long he had been waiting
S V
S + V + [O] + Wh + S + V
+ Lời nói tường thuật => wh…
+ Lời nói tường thuật không ñảo ngữ
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-+ ðổi ngôi, lùi thì theo qui tắc
(xem lại ví dụ và ghi chú trang 47)
Yes/No – questions:
- Will you go to New York next week as you said?
They asked me if / whether I would go to New York the next week as
I had said
S + V + [O] + IF / WHETHER + S + V
+ Lời nói tường thuật => if / whether + S + V (if… / whether… or not)
+ Lời nói tường thuật không ñảo ngữ
+ ðổi ngôi, lùi thì theo qui tắc
3.3 Request / Command:
- Don’t smoke in this room, please
He told me not to smoke in that room
S + V* + [O] + [not] TO V 0
V*: told (tell), advised, asked, reminded, …
- -