Unit 12 : Nâng Cao

Unit 12 : MUSIC  VOCABULARY :  Reading : - indispensable / ,indis’pensəbəl / (adj) : cần thiết, không thể thiếu  indispensability /indis,pensə’biliti / (n) : tính không thể bàn cải - arrangement / ə’reinʤmənt / (n) : sự sắp xếp  arrange / ə’reinʤ / (v) : sắp xếp  arranger / ə’reinʤə / (n) : người sắp xếp, sắp đặt - instrument / ’instrumənt / (n) : công cụ - audience / ’ͻ:djəns / (n) : khán giả, thính giả  audibility / ,ͻ:di’biliti / (n) : giới hạn nghe, có thể nghe  audience-chamber / ’ͻ:djəns,ʧeimbə / (n) : phòng tiếp kiến - romantic / rəʊ’mæntik / (adj) : lãng mạn  romance / rəʊ’mæns / (n) : chuyện tình, trữ tình  romanticize / rəʊ’mæntisaiz / (v) : lãng mạn hóa  romanticism /rəʊ’mæntisizəm / (n) : chủ nghĩa lãng mạn - appeal / ə’pi:l / (n) : hấp dẫn,thu hút  appealing / ə’pi:liŋ / (adj) : lôi cuốn, quyến rũ, hấp dẫn - emotional / i’moʊʃənəl / (adj) : xúc cảm, xúc động  emotion / i’moʊʃn / (n) : cảm xúc  emotionalise / i’moʊʃnəlaiz / (v) : làm cho cảm động  emotionalist / i’moʊʃnəlist / (n) : người đa cảm  emotionalistic / i’moʊʃnəlistik / (adj) : đa cảm  emotionality / i,moʊʃə’næliti / (n) : tính đa cảm - stimulation / ,stimju’leiʃn / (n) : sự khuyến khích, kích thích  stimulative / ’stimjulətiv / (adj) : khuyến khích, kích thích  stimulatory / ’stimju,leitəri / (n) : (y học) liệu pháp kích thích - composer / kəm’poʊzer / (n) : nhà soạn nhạc  compose / kəm’poʊz / (v) : soạn thảo - classical / ’klæsikəl / (adj) : cổ điển - symphony / ’simfəni / (n) : bảng giao hưởng - refer / ri’fɜ: / (v) : quy cho, quy vào  referable / ri’fɜ:rəbl / (adj) : có thể quy, có thể chuyển  referral / ri’fɜ:rəl / (n) : sự giới thiệu, sự chuyển đến - emerge / i’mɜrʤ / (v) : nổi lên, xuất hiện - beat / bi:t / (n) : nhịp đập - tune / tu:n / (n) : giai điệu - generation / ,dʒenə'rei∫n / (n) : thế hệ - rooted / ‘ru:təd / (adj) : có nguồn gốc từ - base on / beis ͻn / (v) : dựa vào - solo / 'soulou / (adj) : đơn ca, một mình - voice / vɔis / (n) : giọng nói - transmit / trænz’mit / (v) : truyền - orally / 'ɔ:rəli / (adv) : truyền bằng miệng - version / ’vɜrʒən / (n) : bản (của tác phẩm văn học) - Classical music : serious and traditional in style; not everyone can enjoy it. - Pop music : traditional in a particular country, melodious - Rock–‘n’–roll : modern and popular among young people, touches various things of life - Rock music : a type of pop music with a very strong beat - Folk music : strong rhythms, slow, nostalgic, sad tunes  Listening : - strike / straik / (v) : đánh, đập, ghi điểm - dove / dʌv / (n) : chim bồ câu - cannonball / ‘kænənbͻ:l / (n) : đạn đại bác - ban / bæn / (v) : cấm, cấm đoán - blow / blou / (v) : thổi, cuốn theo - pretend / pri'tend / (v) : giả vờ, giả bộ, làm ra vẻ - chorus / 'kɔ:rəs / (n) : điệp khúc  Speaking : - attitude / 'ætitju:d / (n) : thái độ, quan điểm - rhythm / 'riðəm / (n) : nhịp điệu - nostalgic / nɔs'tældʒik / (adj) : nhớ, luyến tiếc  nostalgia / nɔs'tældʒiə / (n) : nỗi nhớ nhà  nostalgically / nɔs'tældʒikəli / (adv) : lưu luyến, vấn vương - melodious / mə'lɔdjəs / (adj) : du dương, êm ái  melody / 'melədi / (n) : giai điệu - intrigue / 'intri:g / (n) : mưu đồ - duet / dju:'et / (n) : cặp đôi  Writing : - brief / bri:f / (adj) : ngắn gọn, vắn tắt  briefness / 'bri:fnis / (n) : tính ngắn gọn, tính vắng tắt - profile / 'proufail / (n) : tiểu sử - snapshot / 'snæp,∫ɔt / (n) : lưu nhanh - protest / 'proutest / (v) : phản đối,phản kháng  protestant / 'prɔtistənt / (n) : người phản kháng - reflect / ri'flekt / (v) : phản ánh  reflection / ri'fek∫n / (n) : sự phản ánh  reflective / ri'flektiv / (adj) : phản chiếu - legend / 'ledʒənd / (n) : huyến thoại  legendary / 'ledʒəndəri / (adj) : thuộc truyền thuyết  legendist / 'ledʒəndist / (n) : người viết truyền thuyết  legendize / 'ledʒəndaiz / (v) : trở thành truyền thuyết - pretend / pri'tend / (v) : giả vờ, giả bộ  pretence / pri'tens / (n) : sự giả vờ - anthem / 'ænθəm / (n) : bài thánh ca  national anthem / 'næ∫ənl 'ænθəm / (n) : bài quốc ca - civil / 'sivl / (adj) : “thuộc” công dân  civilian / si'viliən / (n) : thường dân - associate / ə'səʊ∫iət / (v) : kết giao  association / ə,səʊsi'ei∫n / (n) : sự kết giao  associative / ə'sou∫jətiv / (adj) : kết hợp với - contemporary / kən'tempərəri / (n) : những người sống cùng thời - provoke / prə'vouk / (v) : khiêu khích,chọc tức - alive / ə'laiv / (adj) : còn sống - antiwar / ,ænti'wɔ: / (n) : sự phản đối chiến tranh - legacy / 'legəsi / (n) : gia tài, di sản - merely / 'miəli / (adv) : chỉ, đơn thuần - finite / 'fainait / (adj) : có hạn, hạn chế - infinite / 'infinit / (adj) : vô tận, vô hạn  Language Focus : - profit / 'prɔfit / (n) : lợi nhuận  profitability / 'prɔfitə'biləti / (n) : sự có lợi ích, sự lợi nhuận  profitable / 'prɔfitəbl / (adj) : có ích, có lợi - renew / ri'nju: / (v) : thay mới, làm đổi mới  renewable / ri'nju:əbl / (adj) : có thể làm mới  renewal / ri'nju:əl / (n) : sự đổi mới - negotiate / ni'gəʊ∫ieit / (v) : thương lượng, đàm phán - recital / ri'saitl / (n) : sự kể lại, sự thuật lại - pass away / pa:s ə'wei / (v) : qua đời - army / 'ɑ:mi / (n) : quân đội - beloved / bi'lʌvd / (adj) : được yêu mến  Consolidation : - dispose / di'spəʊz / (v) : sắp đặt,sắp xếp  disposition / ,dispə'zi∫n / (n) : sự sắp xếp - poison / 'pɔizn / (n) : chất độc  poisonous / 'pɔizənəs / (adj) : có chất độc - arrest / ə'rest / (v) : bắt giữ  arrestee / əres'ti: / (n) : người bị bắt giữ  arrestor/arrester / ə'restə / (n) : người bắt giữ - poach / pout∫ / (v) : xâm phạm, săn trộm  poacher / 'pout∫ə / (n) : tên săn trộm - caution / 'kɔ:∫n / (n) : sự cẩn thận, chú ý, cảnh báo  cautionous / 'kɔ:∫əs / (n) : - ivory / 'aivəri / (n) : ngà voi - ordinary / 'ɔ:dənri / (adj) : thông thường - destination / ,desti'nei∫n / (n) : mục đích, mục tiêu  destine / 'destin / (v) : - release / ri'li:s / (n) : sự giải thoát, sự giảm bớt - levee / 'levi / (n) : con đê - ultimate / 'ʌltimət / (adj) : cuối cùng, sau cùng - role / roul / (n) : vai trò - motivate / 'moutiveit / (v) : thúc đẩy  motivation / ,mouti'vei∫n / (n) : - patriotism / 'pætriətizəm / (n) : lòng yêu nước - aid / eid / (n) : sự giúp đỡ - accompany / ə'kʌmpəni / (v) : hộ tống, đi kèm - brand / brænd / (n) : nhãn  brand–new / 'brænd'nju: / (adj) : mới toanh - observe / ə'bzə:v / (v) : quan sát, theo dõi  observer / ə'bzɜ:ver / (n) : người quan sát - obvious / 'ɒbviəs / (adj) : rõ ràng - soothe / su:ð / (v) : làm dịu - nerve / nə:v / (n) : dây thần kinh  nervous / 'nə:vəs / (adj) : (thuộc) thần kinh, lo lắng - disorder / dis'ɔ:də / (n) : sự rối loạn - impairment / im'peəmənt / (n) : sự làm suy yếu  impair / im'peə / (v) : - profound / prə'faund / (adj) : sâu sắc - impact / 'impækt / (n) : sự va chạm - implied / im'plaid / (adj) : ngụ ý, bao hàm  SPEAKING : Topic : “TALK ABOUT THE MUSIC TYPE(s) YOU LOVE OR DISLIKE” Useful prompts and expressions : Positive Attitudes I love his guitar. like I find it really lovely to …intriguing moving Neutral Attitudes Yeah, it’s not so bad. I’m not so interested in this type of music. Maybe I’ll learn to like it. Negative Attitudes The audience felt very pleased with thier duet performance. excited chorus Well, I don’t know. It’s OK with me. all right for me. We don’t like the lyrics. dislike The performance is (really) annoying. awful. disappointing. We are so tired of such a song. can’t bear “THE IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC” We all listen to music and like certain music, but do not realize how much it is a part of our lives. It would be impossible for a day to go without music. Music serves many functions within our society: it is used to entertain, relax, motivate, persuade, teach, treat diseases, unite, and promote, patriotism, and so on. First, music is a part of our early childhood and memorable anniversaries. Soon after birth we heard our first melodies hum soothing lullabies to help us sleep. Moreover, we sing church hymns to help build our spiritual being, and patriotic songs to give us a sense of national identity. In every step of our lives, music places another brick on the foundation of who we are. Music also helps each one of us find our unique social niche, brings us together with other folks that share similar interests. Familiar songs help us recall special moments in our lives, such as our first love, or maybe our first kiss. Second, music is also important in our society. Music is basic human functions. We have the burning to desire to create, whatever it may be and however tiny or grand. The interaction with sound is unavoidable, either to make it or take pleasure in it. People have always found music significant in their lives, whether for enjoyment in listening, the emotional response, performing or creating. It documents the history of social and cultural changes in society and is always in a state of perpetual evolution, combining new ideas with older ones to create a sound that is unique to each generation. Third, music plays an indispensable role in our education. At schools, students learn nursery rhymes that are designed to both entertain and educate us in their preschool year, which help build the framework for the social and language skills we need in society or participate in the school marching band, orchestra or theater. In addition, music is an obvious outlet for self–expression and creativity. Fourth, music can also be used as a means of treating patients. It soothes the nerves of patients with mental disorder. For those with visual impairment, playing music is one way to help them open their heart to the outside world. Obviously, music has a profound and powerful impact on our lives. In conclusion, music plays an indispensable role in many fields of our lives. Everybody from all ages can listen to music and enjoy it by their own way. However, people who want to listen to music always find out their own kind of music. They should find their best kind of music which is suitable for them.       WRITING : Writing a Brief Profile NOTES : 1. When you write a brief profile, your paragraph should have the following information : - Who the person is/was - Where and when he/she was born - What he/she is well–known/famous for - What his/her important achievements are (albums/songs/shows) - (if not alive) When he/she died 2. Paragraphs of this kind are usually organized in time order. 3. You can spice your writing with a striking remark by the person himself/herself. Writing : Write a brief profile about John Lennon JOHN LENNON (1940 – 1980) Full name : John Lennon Profession : singer and songwriter Born : 1940 Family Early career : 1955 – joined first rock–music group 1956 – met Paul McCartney; formed the Beatles (1960) Achievements : – gave the Beatles much of its intellectual depth – helped gain fame for the group (1960s) – recorded some of his best–known songs (even before the breakup of the Beatles in 1970) – returned to recording with the album Double Fantasy (1980) Other contributions : songs that praised peace Death : fatally shot outside his New York apartment building (late 1980) Final comments : Lennon and his ideals of justice and peace honored John Lennon John Lennon, British singer and songwriter, was born in 1940 and died in 1980. He was a member of the Beatles and one of the most distinguished figures in popular music. In 1955, while in high school, he joined his first rock–music group. In 1956, he met Paul McCartney. The two worked together on songs and formed the four–member band that became known as the Beatles in 1960. Lennon, who attended the Liverpool College of Art from 1957 to 1960, gave the Beatles much of its intellectual depth, and help gain fame for the group during the 1960s. Starting even before the breakup of the Beatles in 1970, Lennon recorded some of his best–known songs – songs that praised peace – as a solo artist. These songs included “Give Peace A Chance” (1969), “Instant Karma” (1970), and “Imagine” (1971). In the 1970s Lennon and his wife, Japanese artist Yoko Ono, settled in New York City. From 1975 to 1980 Lennon lived in seclusion, raising the couple’s son. In 1980, Lennon and Ono returned to recording with rhe album Double Fanasty, which produced a number-one hit on the Billboard magazine charts, “(Just Like) Starting Over” (1980). Later that year Lonnon was fatally shot just outside his New York apartment building by Mark David Chapman, a fan and drifter. After his death, people around the was observed ten minutes of silence to honor Lonnnon and his ideals of justice ad piece.     GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES :  Prefix non– Prefix non– is used with nouns, adjectives, and adverbs, … meaning ‘not’. But we can not used prefix non– to make negative meaning for all the words, some word has their own prefix such as prefix in–, un–, ir–, an–, out–, en–, im–, and so on. Tiếp đầu ngữ “non–” được dùng với danh từ, tính từ, và trạng từ, … và làm cho từ đó có nghĩa phủ định. Nhưng chúng ta không sử dụn tiếp đầu ngữ “non–” để tạo thành nghĩa phủ định cho tất cả các từ, một số từ có các tiếp đầu ngữ riêng của mình như là tiếp đầu ngữ in–, un–, ir–, an–, out–, en–, im–, và nhiều hơn nữa. Ex: Today people tend to use non –fat food. (fat non–fat) This is non–smoking room, isn’t it ? (smoking non–smoking) But: I think these clothes are unsuitable for you. (suitable unsuitable) NOT: I think these clothes are non–suitable for you. It is very unhealthy to live in a damp room. (healthy unhealthy) NOT: It is very non–healthy to live in a damp room. Some words with prefix non– has negative meaning : non-abstainer (n.) : người không kiên rượu non-acceptance (n.) : sự bác bỏ non-additive (adj) : không cộng thêm vào non-admission (n.) : không được thừa nhận non-alcoholic (adj) : không có cồn non-arrival (n.) : sự không đến non-attendance (n.) : sự vắng mặt non-attention (n.) : sự không chú ý, lơ là non-completion (n.) : sự không hoàn thành non-conductive (adj) : không dẫn nhiệt/điện non-contagious (adj) : không lây nhiễm non-cooperation (n.) : sự bất hợp tác non-corrodible (adj) : không thể bị ăn mòn non-driver (n.) : người không lái xe non-durable (n.) : không bền non-effective (n.) : không có hiệu quả non-elective (n.) : tự bổ nhiệm non-existence (n.) : không tồn tại non-factual (n.) : không có căn cứ non-freezing (adj) : không đông lại non-literate (adj) : mù chữ non-resonant (adj) : không cộng hưởng non-sensitive (adj) : không nhạy cảm non-smoker (n.) : người không hút thuốc non-specialist (adj) : nghiệp dư non-toxic (adj) : khôn độc hại non-violent (adj) : bất bạo động non-verbal (adj) : không dùng lời nói Exercises about prefix non- : Complete each sentence with the suitable form of the word given combined with prefix non- : 1. Why don’t we go to the ________ section of the hall ? (smoke) 2. Do you like ________ music ? (stop) 3. Hala foods are practically ________ in this part of the country. (exist) 4. I prefer ________ as I can learn about real people and facts. (fictional) 5. You may not play on-line games all day like that. This is a ___________ regulation. (negotiate) 6. If you order these songs to be recorded on this high-quality disk, you should pay a ________ deposit. (refund) 7. It takes 12 hours to fly ________ from Sydney to Ha Noi. (stop) 8. He advised them to take a ________ way to show their protest. (violence) 9. Many great artists are wholehearted activists for______ organization. (profit) 10. It’s difficut to make pancakes without a ________ frying-pan. (sticky) 11. More and more people choose to buy ________ drinks. (alcohol) 12. Environmentalist are urging people not to use ________ fossil fuel. (renew) 13. Do you think music is a very effective ________ way of protest ? (violence) 14. This program is for ________ speakers of English like us. (nation) 15. We should have known that it was a ________ deposit. (refund) 16. Paul, unlike his friends, prefer ________ foods. (fat) 17. ________ are more tolerant of smoking than ex-smokers. (smoke) 18. Joy’s brother is in prison for ________ of fines ? (pay) 19. This club opens to visitors, but _______ have to pay an entrance fee. (member) 20. This product is ________ for our health and environment. (toxic) Answers : 1. non-smoking 2. nonstop 3. non-existent 4. non-fiction 5. nonnegotiable 6. nonrefundable 7. non-stop 8. non-violent 9. nonprofit 10.nonstick 11.non-alcoholic 12.nonrenewable 13.non-violent 14.non-native 15.non-refundable 16.nonfat 17.Non-smokers 18.nonpayments 19.non-members 20.non-toxic [...]... chủ ngữ, tân ngữ hoặc bổ ngữ trong a sentence • một câu Who : an interregotive word used to ask about Who (ai ): đại từ nghi vấn dùng cho người, để people such name, identity or function of one hỏi tên, nét nhận dạng hoặc chức năng của một or many people Who can be : - Subject of a verb : hay nhiều người Who dùng làm: - Chủ ngữ của câu : Ex: Ex:Who keeps the keys ? (chủ ngữ của keep) Who keeps the keys... the sentence Ex: Who did you go with ? who did you go ?) (NOT: CHÚ : Trong trường hợp who là tân ngữ của giới từ, giới từ luôn đặt ở cuối câu With Ex: Who did you go with ? who did you go ?) (NOT: With • Whom : an interregotive word used to ask Whom (ai ): là đại từ nghi vấn cho người about people Whom can be object of a verb or Whom được dùng làm tân ngữ cho động từ a preposition Ex: hoặc giới từ... để chỉ nơi chốn - Ex: Where did you go last week ? - Ex: - Where do you live ? - - Why is used to ask about reason - Why được dùng để hỏi lý do - Ex: Why did you study for the test ? - Ex: Why don’t you go to see movies - - with us ? Some common structures of Wh- - question : When subject is Wh-word :  Một số cách dùng chung của câu hỏi có từ để hỏi : Khi chủ ngữ là từ để hỏi :   What will parents... hạn trong một số lượng có hạn  (NOT: Which would you like to drink ?) • There is gin, whisky and sherry Which will you have ? unlimited quantity  Ex: Ex: What would you like to drink ? (NOT: Which would you like to drink ?) • When, Where, Why and How : có thể làm bổ ngữ - When is used to ask about time - When được dùng để chỉ thời gian - Ex: When was you born ? - Ex: When do you have literature ? -... your theory Some usages with what : What can be used to ask about information :   Ex: What are you doing ? – I’m What can be used to ask about one’s - Ex: What is he ? / What does he do ? /  What … for ? can be used to ask about - Ex: What is this tool for ? What are they digging the road up   - - Ex: What are you doing ? – I’m What thường được dùng để hỏi về nghề Ex: What is he? / What does he do... THE END -  GOOD LUCK TO  YOU !   PHONETICS : I Pronunciation : D stops 2 A music 3 B fish 4 A flooded 5 B cow II Stress : C relax 2 B classical 3 A composer 4 D army 5.C melodious B GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY : III Choose the best answer : C 2 B 3 B 4 A 5 A D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 C  11 A 12 C 13 C 14 B 15 A  IV Find and correct mistakes : C in spite of  although/though/even 6 C didn’t clean ... hỏi :  Wh-word + auxiliary + subject + V0  Ex: ? How did you come here ? word : Wh-word + auxiliary + subject + V0 ?  Ex: How did you come here ? Who did he want to see ?  Ex: Wh-words + V … ? Who broke that vase ? children play trick on them ? When object or complement is Wh-  Why don’t you go to see movies  children play trick on them ? - Why did you study for the test ? - Wh-words + V … ? Ex:... 5 THE KEY OF TEST READING COMPREHENSION : V Choose the correct answer : d 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 c VI Fill in the blanks : music 2 of 3 such 4 century 5 number sold 7 band 8 watching 9 performing 10 Up D WRITING : VII Complete sentences with given words : Bob Dylan is an American composer and musician who was born in 1941 in Minnesota He travelled widely throughout the United States singing about the poor In... NOTE: We can use both what and which  CHÚ : Chúng ta có thể dùng which hoặc to ask about choice what để hỏi về sự lựa chọn - Which is used to make choice in a - Which được dùng để hỏi về sự lựa chọn limited quantity  Ex: There is gin, whisky and sherry trong một số lượng có hạn  Which will you have ? - What is used to make choice in an Ex: What would you like to drink ? - When, Where, Why and How :. .. developed  A Test For Unit 12 PHONETICS : (2pts) Choose the word that has the underlined letter(s) pronounced differently from the others : (1pt) A plays B reads C listens D stops A music B classical C famous D slow A meeting B fish C beach D believe A flooded B fruit C food D afternoon A phone B cow C note D coat II Choose the word whose main stress is placed differntly from the others : (1pt) 1 A serious . intrigue / 'intri:g / (n) : mưu đồ - duet / dju:'et / (n) : cặp đôi  Writing : - brief / bri:f / (adj) : ngắn gọn, vắn tắt  briefness / 'bri:fnis / (n) : tính ngắn gọn, tính. / (adj) : rõ ràng - soothe / su:ð / (v) : làm dịu - nerve / nə:v / (n) : dây thần kinh  nervous / 'nə:vəs / (adj) : (thuộc) thần kinh, lo lắng - disorder / dis'ɔ:də / (n) : sự rối. hiện - beat / bi:t / (n) : nhịp đập - tune / tu:n / (n) : giai điệu - generation / ,dʒenə'rei∫n / (n) : thế hệ - rooted / ‘ru:təd / (adj) : có nguồn gốc từ - base on / beis ͻn / (v) : dựa vào -