Something that is neat is tidy.The adverb is neatly: she's very ~ and tidy I put the books in a ~ pile on the desk /1 like to keep the house - and tidy /foldyour clothes neatly neighbo
Trang 1OUTCOMES
REAL ENGLISH FOR THE REAL WORLD
The Outcomes Vocabulary Builder booklet contains key language
from the Student's Book and is organised by unit so that learners
can easily refer to the words they need while they are studying
The Outcomes Vocabulary Builder contains:
• A short explanation for each word
• Common collocations and phrases
• Practice activities
• Regular language boxes for extra information on word
families, word-building and phrasal verbs
• Answer key
Also available for the student:
• Workbook - additional language and skills practice, a
Developing Writing section, extra activities for the Outcomes
Vocabulary Builder and audio CDs for the listening activities
• MyOutcomes - online practice for grammar, vocabulary and all
four skills Use for self study or interact with your teacher and
get feedback on your progress Pin code available at the front
of the Student's Book
OUTCOMES
HEINLE
CENGAGE Learning
Heinle, a part of Cengage Learning, is a leading provider of materials for English language
teaching and learning throughout the world
Visit Heinle at http://elt.heinle.com
#•% HEINLE CENGAGE Learning
PRE-INTERMEDIATE OUTCOME
Trang 2Guide to Pronunciation Symbols
When writing the sound of a word (its phonemic transcription), always put lines like these //on either
side of the word:
/vasn/ (JOH
Stress is shown with marks like these
' shows the primary stress in a word For example, / ' go dan/ <fonden
shows the secondary stress For example, / tell' vr$an/ tel&tUAMm
INTRODUCTION TO OUTCOMES VOCABULARY BUILDER
Learning vocabulary in collocations and phrases will develop your fluency And doing a little revision regularly is the best way to learn vocabulary That's what the Outcomes Vocabulary Builder (OVB) will help you with
It has been written to provide you with the important vocabulary in the Student's Book and to show you how these
words are commonly used It does not include easier words which you should know from lower levels such as boring,
or unusual words, which you probably don't need t o remember at this level
What each entry contains
• Each entry has a short explanation of the word's meaning and often gives information on other forms or opposites
• There is then a list of up to six typical collocations and phrases that the word is used with
• Regular language boxes provide extra information on word families, phrasal verbs etc
How the OVB is organised
It is organised to make it quick and easy to use in class and to revise at home
• Each unit in the OVB contains the most important new words from exercises, texts and listenings in the unit
of the Student's Book
• The units are then divided according to each double page of the Student's Book and the words within those pages are written in alphabetical order
• At the end of each unit there are exercises to do
• There is an answer key at the back of the book
Ways you can use the OVB
Read the word list before you study the unit in the book
Translate all the words you don't know based on the explanation Check the collocations for each word Do they make sense? Are any different to your language?
In class, if you have forgotten a word, look it up again Write out the collocation list and add one of your own Cover words in the list and say or write phrases with the word.Then compare with the collocation list Choose five to ten words from the list to learn each day
Put eight new words in a story using the collocations listed
Do the exercises at the end of each unit sometime after you've done it in class Then check the answers in
the key
Write a list of the words you find difficult to remember and write sentences using the words
Trang 3FAMILY AND FRIENDS
PAGES 8 - 9
annoying someone who is annoying makes you feel
angry: no, we do not really get on He's quite - /
she's got some habits / that noise is really
-caring someone who is caring is kind to people and
tries to help them: he's very - and generous / a
very - person
clever someone who is clever can learn things easily
and understands things quickly: she's studying
here she's really / he's not very / some very
-children / she's ~ with her hands (good at making
things) / that's a ~ idea
close if people are close, they love each other a lot:
we get on well we're quite / we're very
-friends / are you - toyour brother?
colleague a colleague is someone you work with: we
met at work - she's a ~ /one of my ~s at the bank
cousin your cousin is a child of your uncle or aunt:
I've got a ~ who lives in New York / I'm going to
visit one of my -s / / stayed with my - Jack / a ~
on my mother's side (related to my mother, not
my father)
creative someone who is creative is good at thinking of
new or interesting ideas.The noun is creativity: she's
very ~ / a very ~ artist / he's got some very - ideas /
I work with children to develop their creativity
dark someone who is dark has black or brown hair
You can also describe someone's eyes, hair or
skin as dark: we're not very similar - he's quite ~
but I'm not / she's got - hair / lovely - eyes /
my skin's quite ~
fit if you are fit, your body is strong and healthy
because you do a lot of exercise The opposite is
unfit: / walk a lot to keep - / I'm not very ~ at the
moment /1 want to get - for the summer / he's
over 60, but he's still - and healthy /1 need to do
more exercise - I'm so unfitl
flatmate a flatmate is someone you live in a flat
with: she's one of my ~s / I'm looking for a new
-frustrating something that is frustrating makes you feel angry because you can't do what you want
to do Something that is frustrating makes you feel frustrated: It can be ~ or annoying for the
listener /1 had to wait for half an hour- it was so -1/1 sometimes get frustrated if things go wrong /
I was starting to get a bit frustrated with him
generous someone who is generous is kind, and likes giving things to people or helping them
The adverb is generously: he's very caring and ~ /
thank you - that's very - of you / thank you for your ~ offer of help / a very - present / please give generously to the Appeal for Africa
gran your gran is your grandmother (the mother of
your father or mother): I'm going to see my - at
the weekend / hi, -I
housewife a housewife is a woman who stays at home to look after her family and doesn't go out
to work.The plural is housewives: she's a ~ / not
many woman nowadays choose to be housewives
lucky if you are lucky, good things happen to you The
adverb is luckily: some people are so ~l/ I'm ~ I still
have my health / that was really ~! / this week's winner /1 think we're all - to be alive / luckily, no one was at home when the fire started
-neat someone who is neat likes to keep things tidy Something that is neat is tidy.The adverb
is neatly: she's very ~ and tidy I put the books in
a ~ pile on the desk /1 like to keep the house - and tidy /foldyour clothes neatly
neighbouryour neighbours are the people who
live near you: my next-door - (the person who lives in the house next to mine) / we've got good
~s (friendly) / very friendly ~s / we don't get on
with our ~s
open someone who is open is honest, talks about
everything and doesn't keep things secret: Dutch
families are generally very - and they talk about everything / we're quite - with each other / we had an - discussion /1 think he's - to new ideas
(willing to listen to them)
patient someone w h o is patient stays calm and doesn't get angry when something takes a long time The opposite is impatient: I'm quite
a - person / he's very - with the children /just
be - - it won't take long! /1 was starting to get
a bit impatient / don't be so impatient!
pretty a woman or girl who is pretty has an
attractive face: wow! She's very -I /you look
really - in that dress / a - little girl
religious someone who is religious believes in
a god: are you -? / I'm not - / a deeply - man
(with a very strong belief)
retired someone who is retired does not work any more, usually because they are old.The verb is
retire: he's a - nurse / she was a teacher, but she's
- now / he really enjoys being - / when are you planning to retire? / he retired last year
strict someone w h o is strict has rules about how people should behave, and expects other people
to obey these rules The opposite is liberal: my
parents are quite / a ~ teacher / they're very with the children / a - society / he grew up with quite liberal parents
-teenager a teenager is someone who is between
13 and 19 years old The adjective is teenage: a ~
of sixteen / a youth club for ~s / a group of ~s / dealing with a difficult - / a teenage magazine / teenage problems
PACES 10-11 according to according to a document means that something is written in the document
According to a person means that a person has
said something: - a recent UNICEF report, the
Netherlands is the best place in the world to be a child / - Mia, they're going to live in Australia
argue if you argue with someone,you shout at them because you are angry with them.The noun is
argument: do you - with the people you live with? /
what are you arguing about? / stop arguing,you two! / these teenage issues can cause arguments /
we had a big argument last night / an argument with my parents / an argument about money
behaviour your behaviour is the way you do things
The verb is behave: / was always in trouble for
bad - at school / criminal - / / can't understand his violent - / this ~ is not acceptable / a reward for good - /you need to change your - / how did the children behave? / he didn't behave very well
comment if you make a comment about something, you say something about it and give your opinion:
can I make a -? / he made some interesting ~s / that's a fair - (I agree with it)
facilities facilities are places or equipment that are
available for people to use: there are a lot of-for
young people / the sports centre has excellent - / hotel guests can use all the hotel's -
field a field is an area of land in the country where
there are animals or plants growing: most days
I go for a walk in the ~s near my house / we walked through the ~s / a - with cows in / a - of potatoes
force to force someone to do something means to
make them do it when they don't want to: my
parents never - me to do things I don't want to do /
I don't want to come, and you can't ~ me! /1 ~d myself to get out of bed
fresh food that is fresh is not very old, and is not
frozen or in a can: / eat a lot of ~ fish / ~ fruit and
vegetables / some lovely - mushrooms /1 don't think the meat is very - / put it in the fridge to keep it -
grade a grade is a number or letter that you get, which shows how well you did in a test or
exam: Dutch parents don't worry about their
children's ~s /1 usually get good ~s /1 got an
health your health is the condition of your body If you are healthy, your body is in good condition
and you are not ill: The report looked at areas like
-and education / I'm lucky I still have my - / I'm
in good - / he's in poor - / my dad retired early because of ill - / living a long time means nothing
if you're not healthy /1 try to keep fit and healthy /
eating healthy food (food that will keep you
healthy)
income your income is the amount of money that
you get regularly from your work: The report
looked at areas like health, - of parents and education / an - of $50 a day / what's your annual -
(your income each year) / a lot of families are on low ~s (they don't get much money) /families on
high ~s / most students don't have an
-look after to look after someone means to care for
them: now I'm older, my parents want me to
-myself more / who's going to ~ the children? / don't worry-I'll -you!
pressure pressure is a feeling of worry, or a feeling
that you must do something: Dutch parents - and
teachers - put less - on their children at school /
my family put a lot of - on me to go to university / there's a lot of - on children now / I'm under a lot
of ~ at work
report a report is a piece of writing that gives facts
and information about a subject: according to
a recent UNICEF ~, the Netherlands is the best place in the world to be a child / a new - on health
in the EU / a government ~ on education / to write a -
research if you do research,you study a subject in
detail to find new information: the report also did ~
into how children felt about their lives / some new ~ into the causes of cancer / people who
do medical
-society a society is all the people who live together
in a country: these teenage issues sometimes
cause arguments in stricter societies / we live in
a modern - / doctors are important members of our ~
PACES 12-13 active someone w h o is active does a lot of exercise
and doesn't spend much time sitting down: I'm
very fit and - / my granddad's 80, but he's still very ~ /you should try to keep ~ as you get older
Trang 4advice if you give someone advice, you tell them
what you think they should do: / always go to him
for - / let me give you some - / my - is to travel by
plane /1 think that's very good - /1 think he gave
you bad
-characteristic a characteristic is one part of someone's
appearance or personality: where do we get our -s
and habits? / which ~s do you get from your father?
childhood your childhood is the time when you are a
child: / had a very happy - /1 spent my - in tondon
/your - experiences
confident someone who is confident is sure of their
own abilities and doesn't feel shy or nervous.The
noun is confidence: I'm ~, I go out, I'm captain
of the football team, but he's really quiet / she
seems very - / we're - that we can win /1 haven't
got much confidence /you should have more
confidence in yourself
criminal criminal behaviour is doing things that are
not allowed by law Something that is not allowed
by law is a crime: - behaviour / he's got a - record
(he has done things that are against the law) /
it's a - offence to drive after drinking alcohol (it's
against the law) / he's committed some serious
crimes / the crime of murder
debates a debate is a discussion about a subject that
continues for a long time, and in which people
express different opinions: it is one of the oldest ~s
in science / there's been a lot of - about this
subject / we should have a proper - about this
determined someone who is determined has strong
feelings that they want to do something, and
doesn't let anything stop them: people say the
Chinese are good students and very ~ / I'm - to win
disease a disease is a serious illness: genes play a part
in heart - and other illnesses / thousands of people
suffer from this - / how long have you had the -I /
a rare killer - (that can kill people)
gene your genes are the parts in the cells of your
body that control what you look like and other
characteristics You get your genes from your
parents The adjective is genetic: ~s play a part in
heart disease and other illnesses / scientists have
found the - that causes this cancer / we pass on
our ~s to our children / the disease is caused by a
genetic defect (a problem in someone's genes)
keep to keep doing something means to continue
it in the same way: she just ~s going (continues
trying) till she succeeds 11 walk a lot to -fit
(continue being fit) /she always puts things away
and -s things organised (makes them organised) /
we sat by the fire to - warm / trying to - the
children happy / try to - still (not move)/or
a minute
messy someone who is messy doesn't keep things
tidy A messy place is untidy: all her family are - /
a really - room / it's a bit - in here
Many adjectives ending in -y are based on nouns
For example:
He's quite messy Clear the mess in the kitchen
It's lucky you're Good luck with the exam!
here
I eat a lot of He's in good health
healthy food
I like spicy food Add some spices to the dish
My car's dirty He has dirt on his jeans
put things away to put things away means to put them into their correct place when you have
finished using them: she always puts things away
and keeps things organised / can you put the scissors away when you've finished with them? / put it away in the cupboard
shout if you shout,you say something in a very loud
voice, for example because you are angry: we get
frustrated quickly and start -ing /you don't have
succeed if you succeed, you do what you wanted to
do The noun is success: she just keeps going till
she -s / we are determined to - /1 -ed in getting
a job in London / there are several reasons for the country's success / the party was a great success
surprise if something surprises you, you did not
expect it to happen.The adjective is surprised :
does anything - you about their opinions? / that doesn't - me at all /1 was quite surprised when she told me she was leaving / he looked surprised
treat to treat someone in a particular way means
to behave towards them in that way: my parents
don't - us as 'the twins',you know, as one person / they -ed me as one of the family / her family -ed her very badly /you should - him with respect
wise someone who is wise knows and understands a
lot of things: My granddad's very - / I think that's
a - decision
EXERCISES
PREPOSITIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 Are you close your sister?
2 My best friend lives the house next door
3 I have three cousins my father's side
4 All of my family are good sport
5 I'm not really patient small children
6 Teenagers often argue their parents
B Choose the correct preposition
1 Children should treat their parents with /of respect
2 It's usually a bit messy at / in my bedroom
3 She doesn't have a lot of confidence to / in herself
4 I usually go to my father for / on advice
5 I got my blond hair from / by my mother
6 I live by / with my best friend from high school
W O R D FAMILIES
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
1 She's very creative
I will at age 65
That child should change his
WORD-BUILDING
A Complete the sentences with adjectives formed from the nouns
dirt health spice luck
1 Do you like food?
2 Americans think the number 13 is
3 My sister is tidy but I'm
4 My car needs a wash It's very
5 She's because she smokes
COLLOCATIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct verb
Look up the verbs if you need help
play keep take has put
1 I swim twice a week to fit
2 She's in her eighties but she still her health
3 I need to make a call It won't long
4 Parents a lot of pressure on children these days
5 Teachers a part in child development
6 Please generously to animal charities
B Complete the sentences with the adjectives Look
up the adjectives if you need help
| good open close lucky bad great
1 I've known her for many years We're friends
2 We're to be alive after that car accident
3 I had an discussion with my teacher
4 I was always in trouble for behaviour at school
5 He exercises, so he's in health
6 My sister's wedding was a success
C Match the two halves of the sentences
1 She's like one of
2 He's my next-door
3 My cousin on my
4 He's good with
5 We waited for half
1 Please put the dishes out / away after using them
2 I passed my cold over/onto my family
3 My mother works and my father looks into/after
the children
4 I'm moving out /by of my old house into a new one
5 It's difficult to get out / up of bed in the winter!
6 She gets by / on well with her classmates
PATTERNS
Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
(to + infinitive or -ing)
1 I'm really tired but I need to keep (go)
2 My brother was angry and started
at me (shout)
3 My sister tried me with my homework
(help)
4 My father told us to stop (argue)
5 I'm going my cousin next week, (visit)
6 You can't drive after alcohol, (drink)
Trang 5SHOPS
PACES 1 4 - 1 5
bright bright colours or lights are strong and easy to
see A place that is bright is full of light or colours:
what lovely flowers! They're so - and colourful /
she was wearing a - red jumper / switch the lights
off- they're too - / a lovely - room / a - sunny day
(with a lot of sunshine)
complicated something that is complicated is
difficult to understand because it has a lot of
different parts: it's - to use and the instructions
don't make things any easier / the situation is quite
/ / can't explain it's very
-design the design of something is what it looks like
and the way it is made: we often say a thing looks
cool if it has a modern -I1 love the - of the house
/ the car has got a completely new
-fit if a piece of clothing fits you, it is the right size for
your body: / didn't find anything that fitted me in the
shop I1 love these shoes, but they don't -me/ those
jeans-you perfectly / try it on to see if it ~s
last if something lasts for a particular length of
time, it continues to exist for that time: their
shoes are good quality - they really - / the film
~s over three hours / their relationship didn't
-very long
light something that is light doesn't weigh very
much, and isn't heavy: It's very - and it's got all
the latest software / it's quite - and easy to carry /
your bag is very
-neat you can say that something is neat if it is nice
or good: / got a really - laptop / hey, that's -I /
that's a - idea!
quality the quality of something is how good it is
and how well it is made: I'm really pleased with it
It's really good - / their shoes are good - / they sell
top - fruit and vegetables (the best quality) / some
of their clothes are quite poor - (not good)
reliable if something is reliable, you can trust it and know that it will be good every time If someone
is reliable,you can trust them and depend on them: The opposite is unreliable: their service is
much more - / goto Globe PC They're very - / it's
an old car, so it's not very / she's a very babysitter / Tony's a lovely man, but he's so unreliable!
-second-hand something that is second-hand belonged
to someone else before you bought it: where can
you buy - things? / have you ever bought anything -1/1 bought a -car / they sell - clothes
selection a selection is a group of things that you
can choose from: / usually go to Davy's for food
They've got a really wide / they've got a good
-of different cheeses / there's a huge - -of wines to choose from
shut when something is shut, it is not open. Shut is
also a verb: the only day they're - is Christmas Day!
/ I'm afraid we're - on Mondays / hurry up - they shut at five!
smart smart clothes are clean and nice You can also say that a person is smart if they are wearing
clean, nice clothes: / bought a - pair of trousers
and a couple of shirts for work /you should wear something - /1 wear quite - clothes to work /you look very - today
suit if something suits you, it makes you look nice:
yellow doesn't really - me /1 like your new hairstyle
- it -syou I that dress really -syou / short skirts don't - me
WORDS WITH TWO MEANINGS
Many words in English have more than one meaning For example:
That shirt really suits you (It makes you look nice) / usually wear a suit to work, (jacket and trousers) The light's not very bright (strong and easy to see) Her son's very bright (intelligent)
I saw her last week, (most recent) The clothes they make don't last long They're very
poor quality, (continue for a time)
Words appear more than once in the VB when there is a different meaning They will have different collocations!
thick something that is thick is wide Thick clothes are made of wide, heavy cloth and will keep you
warm: it's pure wool and it's nice and /a nice
coat for the winter /1 cut a slice of bread / a stone wall
-uncomfortable something that is uncomfortable does not feel nice on your body The opposite is
comfortable: they're nice shoes, but they're a bit
- to walk in! /1 hate wearing - clothes / the beds
were really - /1 felt cold and - /your boots look really comfortable / a comfortable chair
value if something is good value, it is worth the amount of money you paid for it The value of something is the amount of money it is worth:
/ think their clothes are really good - I their shoes are excellent - / their food is quite cheap, and great - for money / the - of the house has gone up
warm if you are warm.you are slightly hot, in a
pleasant way Warm weather is quite hot: / bought
this nice thick coat to keep me - in the cold weather / we were lovely and - by the fire /1 had a nice - bath / the weather was quite - / a lovely - day
wide a wide selection of things is a lot of different
things to choose from: / usually go to Davy's
for food They've got a really - selection / the department store has a wider selection of clothes / there's quite a - choice of dishes
PACES 1 6 - 1 7 brand a brand is a product that has its own name
and is made by one particular company: which
shops or ~s do you prefer? / there are lots of different ~s of trainers /1 refuse to buy expensive -s /you pay a lot more for designer -s
button a button is a small round thing on a piece of clothing, that you put through a hole to fasten the
clothing: when I got it home, I found the - was
loose /a smart shirt with small white ~s / one of the -s has come off /1 can't do the - up (fasten it) / can you help me undo the ~s (unfasten them)?
damaged something that is damaged is broken in some way The verb is damage: when I took it out
of the box it was already - /1 took it back to the shop because it was - / some buildings were badly
- in the storm / be careful -you'll damage it! / smoking can damage your health
discount if something is sold at a discount, the price
is lower than usual: all the items in the shop had
a 50% / they're offering huge ~s /1 got a 20% because it was slightly damaged
-fault a fault is something that is wrong with a
product: it's not a manufacturing - / there's a - in
one of the speakers / it's got a design - (a problem
with the way it is made) / the car has got some
serious ~s
fold if you fold something,you bend it and press one
part over another to make it smallenyou can - it
easily and put it away /your clothes neatly / the paper in half / - up the sheets / a bike which -s up
-loose something that is loose is not firmly fixed in place Loose clothes are big, and don't fit your body tightly The opposite is tight: I found the
button was / the string has come ~ /1 put on a shirt and a pair of jeans / these jeans are too tight
-plain something that is plain is simple, without any extra parts or decorations Someone who is plain
is not very pretty: it's a bit - Doyou have anything
a bit prettier? /1 put on a - white shirt / the furniture was all very - / a piece of - paper (with
no lines on it)/she's a lovely girl, but she's a bit
-practical something that is practical is useful and
easy to use: it's a bit heavy and it'll be difficult to
carry up and down stairs Have you got something more - ? /you can fold it and put it away, so it's very - / it's a cheap and - car for families
receipt a receipt is a small piece of paper that shows
where and when you bought something: have you
got a - and the box? /you should always keep the
- / can I have a -, please? / have you got a - for the shoes?
silly someone or something that is silly is a bit
stupid: don't be - You look lovely! /1 felt a bit - /
do I look - in this hat? /1 think that's a - idea /1 made some - mistakes
stock a shop's stock is all the products that it has
available for people to buy: / just want to find
out if they have something in - (in the shop and
available for people to buy) / we haven't got that
computer game in -yet / I'm afraid that size is out
of ~, but we can order it for you
wrap to wrap something means to put paper around
it The adjective is wrapped: what was the last
present you bought? Did you - it? /1 wrapped it
in gold paper / would you like it wrapped? /the presents were all beautifully wrapped
PACES 1 8 - 1 9 accuse if you accuse someone of doing something
bad, you say that you think they did it: Primark
was ~d of exploitation in the report / he ~d me of lying /she was wrongly -d of stealing from the shop
arrest if the police arrest someone, they take them away as a prisoner because they think the person
has done something wrong: man -ed after
stealing 10 kilos of bananas / she was -edfor dangerous driving / the police arrived and -ed two men
competitor your competitors are the people or
companies that are competing against you: the
company pays its staff the same as most of its ~s / they are cheaper than all their main ~s
employ if a company employs people, it gives them a job A company that employs people is
an employer: some of their suppliers were -ing
children / he was -ed as a cleaner / she was -ed to look after the children / Ford is a big employer in this city (it gives jobs to a lot of people)
exploitation exploitation is treating people in an unfair way, for example by making them work too hard or not paying them enough money.The verb is
Trang 6exploit: Primark was accused of - in the report / they
are calling for an end to the - of factory workers /
children are exploited in many parts of the world
fined if you are fined,you have to pay an amount of
money because you have done something wrong
The verb is fine Fine is also a noun: woman - after
calling ambulance to help her home with shopping
/1 was - £50 for speeding /1 had to pay a £100 fine
I1 got a parking fine
gather if people gather, they come together in one
place: hundreds of people -ed outside Primark in
Oxford Street / a large crowd -ed outside the shop
/ can everyone - round and listen?
guide a guide is someone whose job is to show a
place to tourists: they started a mini riot because
the tour ~s were trying to take them to too many
shops / he offered to come with us and act as our
-/a - showed us round the castle
huge something that is huge is extremely big The
adverb is hugely: they're offering - discounts / it's
a - building / the bedrooms are all - / a - dog /
Primark has become a hugely successful company
injured if you are injured,you are hurt, for example
in an accident.The verb is injure: luckily, no
one was - / shop pays $20,000 to woman - in
changing rooms / two people were seriously - in
the accident / no one was badly - /1 injured my
back last year
inspection if you do an inspection of a place, you visit
it to check that people are following all the rules
The verb is inspect: better -s were introduced at
all the factories / they carry out regular ~s / there
are safety -s every month / all our factories are
inspected regularly
introduce if you introduce something, you start
doing it: better inspections were -d last year / the
government wants to - a new drugs law / they are
planning to - a new computer system next month
locked if something is locked, it is closed and
fastened with a key The verb is lock: the coaches
were - / all the doors were - / we keep all the
windows - / / can't open it - it's - / don't forget to
lock the door when you go out
minor something that is minor is not very bad or not
very important: two people were taken to hospital
for - injuries / I've had a - operation on my knee /
we had a few - problems
mixture a mixture of different things is a lot
of different things all together: there's an
interesting - of styles / a strange - of old and
modern paintings / a - of Chinese and Portuguese
buildings
occupy if people occupy a place, they go there and
take control of it: Macau was previously occupied
by Portugal / the city was occupied by government soldiers / students have occupied several university buildings as part of a protest
operate to operate something means to control and
manage it: the company ~s 170 stores in the UK /
he ~s a small business from his home
persuade if you persuade someone to do something, you talk to them and make them believe that it
is a good idea: the guides were only interested in
persuading them to buy things /1 tried to - him to come with us /1 finally -d her to let me in
protest if there is a protest, people show that they are angry or upset about something. Protest is
also a verb: police stop tourists' - about 'too many
shops'/ the announcement led to -s by university students I they are planning to organise a mass
- (involving a large number of people) / there
have been anti-government ~s in the capital city / a - about climate change / -s against more tax increases / hundreds of people protested in the streets
riot if there is a riot, a lot of people behave in a violent way. Riot is also a verb: there was a - at the
opening of the Primark store in London / -s cause damage to city centre shops / rising prices sparked
~s in the streets (caused them) / soldiers were brought in to quell the riot (stop it) / people rioted for three days and nights
rumour a rumour is a piece of news or information that people tell each other, which may not be
true: -s of sale cause shop chaos / someone has
been spreading false -s /1 don't believe the ~s / there's a - on the internet that the men are already dead / I've heard a few ~s about her recently
supply if you supply something, you give it or sell
it to someone when they need it A person who supplies things to shops is a supplier: most of
Pnmark's clothes are supplied by factories in Bangladesh and Indonesia / the farm supplies fresh vegetables to shops in the area / they supplied us with pens and paper / Primark stopped using the suppliers employing children
temple in some religions, a temple is a building
where people go to pray: the tourists wanted to
see some of the old s / a Hindu / an ancient
-(a very old one) / can we visit the ~? /people go to
the to pray I women aren't allowed in the
-EXERCISES 5 I wanted some sandals but they're out of
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 That cafe has a great selection coffees
2 The sports shop is shut Sundays
3 I want to buy a new pair jeans
4 Where can I buy some shoes work?
5 How much did you pay your phone?
6 You look great that shirt
7 I'd like 2 kilos potatoes, please
8 The post office closes 5 pm
B Complete the missing adjectives
1 Somebody has been spreading f e rumours
2 Paris is the c I city of France
3 Unhappy workers are planning a m _ _ s protest
4 I don't think that's a very g _ _d idea
5 Some people suffered m r injuries in the accident
6 We hired a t r guide to show us the city
7 They sell good q _ _ y shoes in that clothing store
B Choose the correct preposition
1 I bought my computer by / at a discount
2 There's something wrong to / with my new stereo
3 Did you get a receipt/or / about your boots?
4 They said they would order it for / to me
5 Let me help you with /for your shopping
6 I run a small business on /from my home
W O R D FAMILIES
C Match the two halves of the collocations Look up the nouns (a-g) if you need help
1 buy a second hand a) change
2 cut a slice of b) size
3 a pair of c) bread
4 a factory d) centre
5 climate e) car
6 the city f) worker
7 find the right g) jeans
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of PHRASAL VERBS
the word in bold
1 1 employ five people should pay A Choose the correct word to complete the phrasal
for training verb
2 1 have a back injury I've my back 1 Please lock the door when you go out / by
3 The police inspected a safety 2 We don't let customers over / in after 5 pm
the house 3 Switch out / off the lights before you go to bed
4 The house is locked Did you 4 1 tried on / out some jeans but they were too big
the door? 5 Hurry on / up\ The shops close in ten minutes
5 a local vegetable Who your 6 The price of milk has gone up / away again
supplier vegetables? 7 1 took the shoes away / back because they didn't
6 My boss exploits me 1 accused him of fit me
8 One of the buttons has come into / off my shirt
7 a huge supermarket The business is
1 There is a wide of jeans in that store
stock selection money fine receipt Day
2 The shops are closed on Christmas
3 The food in that restaurant is good value for
4 When I buy something, I always keep the
A Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
[to + infinitive or -ing)
1 I hate tight jeans, (wear)
2 is bad for your health, (smoke)
3 I find it difficult when she speaks
(understand)
4 She was accused of from the shop (steal)
5 Try it on if it fits you (see)
6 prices are making life difficult, (rise)
7 It's not comfortable in these shoes (walk)
Trang 7EAT
PAGES 2 0 - 2 1
book if you book something,you arrange to have
it or use it at a particular time in the future The
noun is booking: maybe we should phone and - a
table / the restaurant gets busy, so you need to ~
in advance /you can ~ tickets online / I've ~ed my
flight to New York / we haven't ~ed our holiday
yet / can I make a booking for next Saturday?
busy if a place is busy, there are a lot of people in it: the
restaurant gets really -, so it's a good idea to book /
the shops are usually very - on Saturdays / a - airport
choice if there is a choice, you can choose between
different things: the food is OK, but there isn't
much choice / there's a - of three desserts / there's
a good ~ of hotels on the island / it's not my first
-of restaurant (not the first one I would choose)
delicious food that is delicious tastes very nice: the
food was -I/a - meal / thank you - that was ~l
disgusting something that is disgusting is horrible
and makes you feel sick: the food was -! / what's
that - smell? / that fish smells -I / it looks -.' /
that's absolutely ~!
dish a dish is food that is cooked in a particular way:
there's a good selection of ~es / my favourite - is
roast lamb / they serve some wonderful vegetarian
~es / I've never cooked this - before
gallery a gallery is a room or building where you can
look at paintings or other works of art: we could
visit one of the galleries / a modern art ~ / the
National Gallery in London
incredible something that is incredible is very good
or very big The adverb is incredibly:j/ou get an
-view of the city / it was an - journey / some of the
paintings were ~ / visiting India was an - experience
/ the food was incredibly cheap / it was incredibly hot
option an option is something that you can choose:
they don't have any vegetarian ~s / there are
several different ~s / we have two -s - to walk, or
go by bus / this one looks like the best
-outside if you are outside,you are not in a building:
you can sit - on the terrace / there are some tables
/ shall we go? / I'll wait
-painting a painting is a picture that someone has
made with paint: we went to look at the ~s in the
gallery / a - by Rembrandt / a collection of famous -s
portion a portion is an amount of food for one
persomyou get really big -s / a half portion for the
kids /1 ordered a small - of ice cream /1 asked for a double - of chips
properly if you do something properly, you do it well
or in the correct way: the food wasn't cooked - /
my phone isn't working - / if I'm going to get married, I want to do it -
recipe a recipe is a set of instructions for making
a particular dish: have you tried any of his -s?/
a - for tomato soup / I've got a delicious - for chocolate pudding / I'm going to try a new - /1 never follow ~s
seafood seafood is fish and other animals from the
sea that you can eat: do you like-? / they're a kind
of - /1 love - / a - restaurant
seat a seat is a chair, or a place to sit:you sometimes
have to wait to get a - / there's a - over there / come in and take a - (sit down) / / was sitting in the back - of the car (a seat behind the driver)
spicy spicy food has a strong flavour because it
Is cooked with special seeds or powders called
spices: do you like food?/ it's too for me /
-lamb with fried rice / it's nicer if you add a few spices
staff the staff are the people who work in a place: the
- are really friendly / the company has more than
200 - /1 talked to a member of - (one of the staff)
steak a steak is a large piece of beef or other meat
that you fry or grill: my - wasn't cooked enough /
how would you like your ~? (how long do you want
us to cook it for) / / like my - rare (not cooked very much) / the - was delicious / there's a good steak
restaurant in town /1 ordered a tuna
-terrace a terrace is an area outside a building, where
you can sit:you can sit outside on the - / there's a
lovely sunny - behind the restaurant
vegetarian vegetarian food does not have any meat in it Someone who does not eat meat is
a vegetarian: they don't have any - options / a
delicious - dish / a - curry / are you a vegetarian?
view the view from a place is everything that you
can see from there:you get an incredible - of
the city / we've got a lovely - of the sea from our window / we sat down to admire the -
PAGES 2 2 - 2 3 adventurous if you are adventurous, you try new or
exciting things: We aren't usually - enough to
experiment with food /you should be more -I / I'm quite an - cook / people who are - would love this holiday
boiled food that is boiled is cooked in water The verb
is boil: o — egg / some plain - potatoes / boil the
carrots for about ten minutes
cereal cereal is a food made from a grain such as wheat,
that people eat for breakfast with milk: they just
grab a quick cup of coffee and some - 11 had a bowl of- and some orange juice /a packet of-
consist of if something consists of different things, it
is made from those things: the breakfast consists
of bacon, black pudding and sausages / each team consists of five players
PREPOSITIONS
Many words commonly go with prepositions
consist of water, sugar and fruit experiment with different ingredients
be interested in art have an allergy to nuts
Notice any prepositions when you learn words and expressions There are exercises at the end of each unit in the VB that test you on prepositions
cool down if something cools down, it becomes colder and less hot: it's too hot - it needs to - / I'll leave it to - for a few minutes / I'm going for
a swim to
-experiment if you experiment, you try new or different things An experiment is something new or
different that you try: we aren't usually adventurous
enough to - with food /1 gradually began to - with different dishes /1 decided to buy some squid as an experiment
fattening food that is fattening contains a lot of fat and sugar, and might make you fat: chocolate is too ~ to eat all the time / it's delicious, but it's really — /1 try to avoid - foods such as cheese and cream
flat something that is flat is smooth and level, with
no high parts: - bread / it's better if you play on a
surface / the countryside is very
-fried food that is fried is cooked in hot oil or butter
The verb is fry: a - egg / chicken with - rice /you
can have your fish - or grilled / mushrooms - in butter/fry it lightly in olive oil
grilled food that is grilled is cooked under a strong heat The verb is grill: - fish / some delicious ~
salmon /you can have it fried or - /1 usually grill sausages
lightly if you cook or flavour something lightly, you
do it not very strongly, or not for very long: it's
-spiced and often served with fried plantain / some
- cooked vegetables / a- boiled egg
rock a rock is a large heavy stone: they say the dish is 'a rock in the stomach' / we climbed over the ~s to get down to the sea / a huge lump of ~
secret a secret is something that not very many people know about because people do not talk about it. Secret is also an adjective: many
Bulgarians believe that the - behind their long life is their yoghurt /1 can't tell you any more - it's a - / shall I tell you a ~? / can you keep a -?
(not tell anyone) /1 finally discovered his - / this
information is top - (a very important secret)
serve when you serve food, you give it to someone When food is served in a restaurant, it is brought
to you: steak ~d with chips and peas / salad is -d as
a side dish / - the soup with fresh bread
space space is the area up in the sky, where the moon and stars are A space station is a small
building in space: the first Korean astronaut took
special kimchi with him to his - stationl / who was the first person to travel in -? / a journey into outer
- (the area very far away from the Earth)
stall a stall is a small shop in a street-.you'llfind
street -s selling foul medames /1 never buy food from market ~s / a book -la cake - / a - selling fresh flowers
stomach your stomach is the part of your body
where food goes when you eat it: they say the dish
is a rock in the - I don't eat this on an empty - /
my - was rumbling (making a noise because I was
hungry) / I've got an upset - (a slight illness in my
stomach)
well-done meat that is well-done is cooked until it is not red any more Meat that is still slightly red is
medium-rare , and meat that is still very red is rare :
/ wanted my steak -, but they cooked it rare / a - steak / I'd like my steak medium-rare, please
medium-PAGES 2 4 - 2 5 allergic if you are allergic to something, it makes you feel ill if you eat it or touch it The noun is allergy :
I'm - to tomatoes I are you - to anything? I've got a nut allergy / a lot of people suffer from allergies
bitter something that is bitter has a strong taste
that is the opposite of sweet: fiiey taste quite - / it
had a horrible - taste
cloth a cloth is a small piece of material that you use for
cleaning things: could you get us a ~, please? / wipe
the table with a damp - (one that is slightly wet)
contain to contain something means to have it
inside: does the dish meat? / this product may
nuts / the wallet didn't any money/films that violence
-dessert a dessert is a sweet food that you eat at the
end of a meal: would you like to see the - menu?
/ what would you like for -? /1 had chocolate mousse for - / the -s were delicious!
Trang 8drop if you drop something that you are holding, you
let it fall to the ground: he's dropped some water
on the floor / be careful you don't - that /
/ dropped the letter into the rubbish bin
full if you are full,you have eaten enough food and
do not want to eat any more: I'm really - / no
thanks, I'm
-herb a herb is a plant with strong-tasting leaves that
you can use in cooking to make food taste nice:
lamb cooked with -s / add some mixed -s / / love
cooking with fresh -s
included if something is included in a price, it is part
of the price The verb is include: service is ~d / the
accommodation is - in the price / the price includes
the flight, hotel and all meals
jug a jug is a container for holding and pouring
water: can we have a ~ of tap water, please! /
there's some water in
the - / shall I fill the - with water?
lamb lamb is the meat from a young sheep: roast leg
of ~ / ~ curry /1 love -I / a delicious - stew
mild something that is mild is not very bad or
serious: a illness I1 had the flu, but it was quite
-/1 thinkyou've had a - case of food poisoning
order when you order in a restaurant, you tell the
waiter what you would like to eat: are you ready
to -? /1 can't decide what to - 11 ~ed fish for my
starter
plate a plate is a flat dish that you put food on: can
we have a small for our son? I a of cheese fa
full of food / a dinner / he ate everything on his
-raw food that is raw is not cooY.e&.you can eat them
- or cooked / a dish made with - fish 11 can't eat
this meat-it's still -I
ready if you are ready to do something, you are
prepared and able to do it: are you - to order? / at
sixteen, I was - to leave home / it takes me hours
to get - when I'm going out!
reasonable something that is reasonable is not too
expensive: the meal was very -, wasn't it? / the
prices are quite - / it's difficult to get a good meal
for a ~ price here / / think £15 is
-roasted food that is roasted is cooked in an oven The
verb is roast: leg of lamb /a spicy pork dish with
-vegetables /you can grill them or roast them
salty food that is salty has a strong taste of salt: the
meat was too ~ / it's nice, but it's quite ~ / don't
eat too many - snacks
sauce a sauce is a liquid that is served with food
to give it a nice taste: grilled fish with lemon ~ /
grilled pork with sweet and sour - / would you like some more -? / a delicious creamy - / pour the - over the rice
service the service in a restaurant is the way in which the staff help you and serve your food Sometimes you have to pay an extra amount of money for
the service: - is included in the bill / the - was
excellent / the food was disgusting and the - was terrible! / I'm going to complain about the ~
shell a shell is the hard part on the outside of some
small sea animals:you cook them in their -s / we
collected some -sfrom the beach
skin the skin on a fruit or vegetable is the part on the
outside: leave the - on /1 usually peel the - off 7a
banana
-soft something that is soft is not hard: the fruit
should be - and sweet / cook the potatoes until they are - / a lovely - bed
sparkling a drink that is sparkling has bubbles of air
in it: do you want still water or ~? / a bottle of
-mineral water / - wine
stew a stew is a dish of meat, fish or vegetables
cooked slowly in liquid: country - / beef ~ / lamb ~
/ a lovely vegetable
-stone the stone in a fruit is the hard part in the
middle: it's a big green fruit with a - in the middle /
cut the fruit in half and remove the -s
stuffed food that is stuffed is filled with another type
of food in the middle The verb is stuff The food in
the middle is the stuffing: aubergines ~ with rice I
a dish of - peppers /you can bake tomatoes whole,
or stuff them with cheese / roast chicken with a fresh herb stuffing
tap a tap is an object that controls the flow of water
Tap water is water from a tap, not from a bottle:
just tap water please / turn the cold - on (the tap
that controls the flow of cold water) / turn the hot
-off if the water's getting too hot
tip a tip is an extra amount of money that you give when you have a meal in a restaurant or pay
someone: shall we leave a ~? / we left a generous
-(a large amount of money) /1 don't usually give -s
1 I ordered a medium portion chips
2 Do you have a recipe chocolate cake?
3 Lobster is a kind seafood
4 Curry is too spicy me
5 Put it in the oven about 20 minutes
6 My breakfast consists cereal and coffee
7 The fish is served chips or rice
8 The service charge is included the bill
9 Can I have a glass tap water, please?
B Choose the correct preposition
1 The menu has a good choice in /of vegetarian
food
2 Are there any Korean restaurants at /in town?
3 This table has a lovely view of I by the sea
4 Fried food contains a lot in / of'fat
5 I love all kinds about / of seafood
6 I love baked potato stuffed with / in cream
7 One table about the service
B Complete the missing adjectives
1 We went to a m n art gallery
2 I'll have a g n salad, please
3 I like my steak m m-rare
4 Clean the table with a d _ _ p cloth
5 Let's add some m d herbs to the stew
6 I love pork with sweet and s r sauce
C Match the two halves of the collocations Look up the nouns (a-h) if you need help
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
1 an incredible view She is an
hard-working student
2 boiled potatoes He can't even
an egg
3 fresh- roasted coffee Let's some
lamb for dinner
4 Fry the onions in butter I don't like
take work get keep complain leave book
1 You have to in advance for that restaurant
2 When are you going to married?
2 Turn the oven off7 out when you finish cooking
3 Follow that path to get over /down to the beach
4 Please come on / in I'll be with you in a moment
5 Look at / over that delicious chocolate cake!
6 I'm really hot I need to cool up / down
PATTERNS
A Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
(to + infinitive or-ing)
1 Rome was a fantastic experience
(visit)
2 What do you want ? (do)
3 I found a stall kebabs, (sell)
4 I love Indian food, (cook)
5 We couldn't find a place (sit)
6 The soup is very hot It needs down (cool)
Trang 9JOBS
PACES 2 6 - 2 7
accounts accounts are records of how much money
you receive and spend: I'm doing the - / we do
the annual -for the business in September / try to
keep accurate - / the - show that the business has
made a profit this year / the - are all in order (the
numbers are correct)
airline an airline is a company that organises flights
and carries passengers by air: / work for an - / a
large international - / the - industry
appointment an appointment is an arrangement to
meet someone at a particular time: make an - to
see the dentist /1 have an - with a client at three
o'clock
awful something that is awful is very bad: The
money's -I She only gets €6 an hour/the weather
was - / what's that - smell?
block a block is a big building that is divided into
different homes or offices: They're building a - of
flats opposite my house /anew apartment -/1
work in a large office
-conference a conference is a large meeting where
people come together to talk about their work:
I'm helping to organise a - / a three-day - / a - on
climate change /I'm going to a - next week/over
50 people attended the
-construction construction is the work of building
something: do you know any - work that's
happening where you live? / a group of - workers /
the - of the new school is due to start next month /
the airport is still under - (being built)
develop to develop something means to think of
new ideas or make a new product over a period
of time The noun is development: I'm working on
-ing social policy / scientists have -ed a new drug
to treat cancer / we're -ing some new products at
the moment / the development of new policies
firm a firm is a business or company: / work for a big
law - / he runs his own building -/ she set up a successful computer -
install to install something means to put it in place and make it work The noun is installation : we're
planning to - a new computer system / we need to
- some heating / they've -ed security cameras in the car park / the installation of a new security system
motorway a motorway is a big fast road: they're
doing repairs to the - I there are plans to build a new - / we were driving along the - / a busy - / you can join the - at Birmingham / we were only on the - for a few miles / leave the - at Junction 10
negotiate to negotiate means to talk about something in order to reach an agreement with someone The noun is negotiation: we need to -
a price / management are refusing to - with the trade unions / the government is not willing to
- with terrorists / they are refusing to enter into negotiations with the workers
paperwork paperwork is work such as writing letters
or reports: we have to do too much - /1 hate -I /
does the job involve a lot of-?
policy a policy is a set of ideas that shows how
a government or organisation deals with
something: developing social - / what's the
school's - on homework? / the government's foreign - (its ideas for dealing with other
countries)
product a product is something that is made and
sold: I'm working on a new - / all their ~s are
good quality I you need to market the - properly
if you want people to buy it / they sell a range of computer software -s
project a project is a piece of work that you plan and
do over a long period of time: I'm working on a
-for my class / a six-month building - / a scientific research - / it's a big - / we set up the - two years ago / who's going to manage the -?
property property is buildings or land: we're studying
- law / he decided to invest in - / they want to buy their own - /you have no right to be on my -
rent if you rent a house or flat, you pay money to the
owner so that you can live in it: I'm -ing aflat in
Glasgow I we - the house from some friends of the family
research if you do research, you study a subject very carefully to learn something new. Research is also
a verb: we need to do more - into the disease /
some important medical - / an exciting piece of - /
a - project / scientists are researching new types
of fuels
right a right is something that you are allowed to
have or do: they're fighting for their -s / they
want equal -sfor women / campaigning for basic human -s I the police don't have the - to come into your house / everyone has the - to a fair trial
run if you run something,you are in control of it: /
- my own business / we - a small restaurant in London / who's going to - the company while you're away?
shift a shift is one of the periods of time when people
who work in factories, hospitals etc work: / work
night ~s / I'm on the early - tomorrow /1 hate working the late - / I've just finished an eight-hour -
social social things are related to the way in which
people live together in society: developing
-policy / homelessness is a huge - problem / it's important to understand the - conditions that lead to crime
sort out if you sort something out, you deal with it or make a decision about it so that it is no longer a
problem: we need to sort out this problem / don't
worry - I'll sort it out / can we sort out which jobs everyone is doing?
studio a studio is a room where a photographer or
painter works: / run my own - / an artist's -/ a
photographic / the photo was taken in the
-survive if you survive, you manage to live: it's difficult
to - on that money /you can't -for long in these freezing temperatures / no one ~d the crash
system a system is a group of different parts that
work together: install a computer - / we need
to improve the security - / the heating - has broken down / a sophisticated phone - (a very
complicated one)
trainingtraining is teaching or learning skills to do
a job: do a course /you get three weeks of
-before you start work / everyone has to do the basic - / the company provides - for new workers I
a teacher - college
unemployed if you are unemployed you do not have
a job: I'm - at the moment / the factory closed,
leaving hundreds of people - /1 lost my job two years ago, and I'm still -
weight your weight is how heavy you are: I'm trying
to lose - / I've put on a lot of - recently / I'm still trying to get down to my target -
PACES 2 8 - 2 9 attend if you attend an event, you go to it: / have to -
a training course / are you planning to - the party? / over 200 people -ed the conference
attitude your attitude is how you think and feel
about something: it's important to have a positive
- towards your exams / she has a really negative - / the experience has changed my - towards religion / the government has had a change of -
belong if you belong to a group, you are part of the group If you belong in a place,you feel happy and
comfortable there: I-to a human rights organisation
/1 -to a tennis club /1 felt I didn't - in the city
circumstances your circumstances are the conditions in which you live, and how much
money you have: they live in very difficult - / my
- worsened when I lost my job / they now live in comfortable -
competitive if a situation is competitive, a lot of people are trying to be successful at the same
time: TV is a - area for jobs / advertising is a very
- industry / the housing market is quite - at the moment
/ entered a writing competition (noun)
He competed in the Olympics, (verb) There were 10,000 competitors in the race and I came 7964'" (noun - person)
The VB often gives information on other forms
Remember to notice and learn collocations of each form in the word family
consultant a consultant is someone whose job is to
give people advice about something: she works as
a marketing - in the fashion industry / a business
- / a design - / I'm happy to act as a - foryou
contract a contract is an official agreement between
people: my job - ends next month / have you
signed the -yet? I most of the workers don't have written -s / we're drawing up a new - / they said
I was breaking my - (not doing what was in the
contract)
depressing if something is depressing, it makes you feel sad or upset You can also say that you feel
depressed: it was - trying to get a job / a - film /
very - news /1 felt very lonely and depressed
end if something ends, it stops: my contract ~s in
three months / how does the film -? / one in three marriages -s in divorce
launch if you launch a new product, you start to sell
it for the first time. Launch is also a noun: they're
going to - a new car soon / - a new website / a launch party for the new book / the official launch
of the car is next week
nation a nation is a country The adjective is national :
women play an important part in building the - / one of the world's poorest -s / a leading industrial
- / a national competition (involving all parts of a
country) / the national government
part-time if you work part-time,you work for part
of each week. Part-time is also an adjective:
I'm working - as a waitress /1 got a - job in a supermarket I looking for - work
pension a pension is money that a government or company pays to someone regularly when they
Trang 10do not work anymore because they are old: we're
hoping the government will pay us a - / everyone
gets the state - (from the government) / /'// receive
a small when I retire / he gets quite a generous
-from the bank /you can start to draw your - when
you're 65 (receive it)
salary a salary is an amount of money that you
receive each month for a job: the government pay
us a - / they pay us a fixed - / he gets a good - /
a - of £60,000 a year / people on low salaries /
they're asking for an increase in their basic
-strike if there is a strike, people refuse to work
because they are unhappy about their work in
some way. Strike is also a verb: we're thinking
of stopping work and going on - / a - over pay
and working conditions / a - for better pay /
200 workers have come out on - / more people
have now joined the - / they are striking for a
shorter working week
voluntary if a job is voluntary, you do not receive
any money for it: / applied for Voluntary Service
Overseas /1 do quite a lot of - work
PACES 3 0 - 3 1
advertisement an advertisement is a picture or short
film that gives information about something such
as a job or product The short form is advert The
verb is advertise: / saw a job - in the newspaper
/ have you seen the -for their new phone? /a TV
advert / helping to advertise a new film
apply if you apply for a job, you write to ask if you
can have the job The noun is application: / applied
for jobs in film and television / I've applied to work
in the London office/fill in the application form /
we've had over 200 applications for the job
camp when you camp,you sleep in a tent.The noun
is camping: a pink jersey which is big enough to
- in / we can - down by the river /1 don't enjoy
camping / a camping holiday
concentrate if you concentrate, you make an effort
to think carefully about what you are doing The
noun is concentration: it's hard to - with all that
noise / be quiet -1 can't -! / I'm trying to - on
reading this report I it's a job that requires a lot
of concentration / if you get tired,you might lose
concentration
contribute if you contribute something, you give it
The noun is contribution: more people can - their
ideas / they -d $30,000 to the hospital building
fund / make a big contribution to the project
crash if a car or plane crashes, it has an accident If
a computer crashes, it stops working suddenly
Crash is also a noun: / nearly -ed when I was
driving home / he -ed into a tree / the plane -ed
just as it was coming in to land / my computer
keeps -ing / there's been a serious crash on the
motorway / a plane crash
efficient if something is efficient, it works well, without any problems, and without wasting energy
The adverb is efficiently: it's not a very - system / it
was all very - / the new machines are more - (they
use less energy) / the system works very efficiently
enemy an enemy is someone who you hate and
want to harm: sfie's still - number one /1 don't
really have any enemies / they are bitter enemies
(they hate each other a lot)
figure a figure is a number that shows an amount
of something: she was presenting some -sfor her
marketing proposal / this month's sales ~s look very good / the latest crimes -s show that there has been an increase in crime
impress if you impress someone, you give them a good idea about you If someone is impressed, they get a good idea about someone or something.The noun is impression: / saw a chance to - him /1 really
want to - the judges /1 was really impressed with her singing /1 want to make a good impression
link a link is a connection between different things
On the internet, a link is a part of a website that
connects to a different website: there's a - to
the site from the BBC website I check out this - /
go to the website and click on the / is there a between poverty and crime?
-management management is the job of controlling a company or group of people.The management of
an organisation are the people who control it.The verb is manage: the company has good - /1 work
in - / he's got good - skills / the company is now under new - (with new people in control) / it's not easy to manage a big company / the business is well managed
pick up if you pick something up, you lift it up: /'//
- your papers for you /1 bent down to pick the money up
present if you present something, you show it and explain it to other people.The noun is
presentation: she was -ing some figures for
her marketing proposal /1 -ed my ideas to the management committee / I've got to do a presentation tomorrow / I'm giving a presentation
to the sales team
proposal a proposal is a plan that someone has
suggested: she was presenting some figures for her
marketing - / the government has put forward a new - (suggested it) / we need to discuss these -s very carefully
skill a skill is something that you can do well: his
communication ~s are improving / I've got good computer ~s/it's important to keep learning new ~s
stressed if you are stressed,you feel that you are under
a lot of pressure.The noun is stress: he looked very
-/1 feel really - / moving house causes a lot of stress / I'm suffering from too much stress at the moment
EXERCISES
PREPOSITIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 We do our annual accounts September
2 I have a meeting a client this afternoon
3 We're working a new product
4 They're campaigning equal rights
5 I'm unemployed the moment
6 You've lost a lot weight
B Choose the correct preposition
1 She manages a large group with /of people
2 There's been an accident on /by the motorway
3 We've received a lot of applications/or/to the job
4 He does a lot in /o/travelling in his job
5 I'm going to ask/or/o/a salary increase
6 The company provides training with /for new
workers
WORD FAMILIES
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
1 The installation was We a new
a success computer system
2 an industrial nation Support your
team
3 I can't concentrate I lost my
4 She works in She ten
5 I presented my ideas I did a
6 develop a new product Share costs
COLLOCATIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs Look up the verbs if you need help
fight run work make enter involve
1 The company has a profit this year
2 The two governments have into negotiations
3 I don't like jobs that a lot of paperwork
4 Around the world, groups of people are
for their rights
5 She her own business
6 I'm the night shift this week
B Complete the sentences with the adjectives
Look up the adjectives if you need help
official basic new bitter voluntary good
1 The restaurant is under management
2 It's important to make a impression
in a job interview
3 The two managers are enemies
4 I do some work in my free time
5 Many sales jobs have small salaries
6 The launch of the product is next week
C Complete the collocations with nouns from the unit
1 She suffers from s s
2 I'm giving a p _ _ _ _ n
3 a fixed s y
4 the fashion i _ _ _ _y
5 a teacher training c e
D Match the two halves of the sentences
1 He works for a law a) of flats
2 A conference on climate b) trial
3 Her work involves scientific c) firm
4 I live in a block d) research
5 The company accounts are all e) change
6 Everyone has the right to a fair f) in order
PHRASAL VERBS
A Choose the correct word to complete the phrasal verb
1 She set up / on her own marketing company
2 The technician sorted out / away my computer
problem
3 My car has broken in /down
4 I eat a lot but I don't put on / up weight
5 I'm going to draw on / up a shopping list
6 Please fill over / in this application form
7 Did you check in / out that link I sent you?
PATTERNS
Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
(to + infinitive or ing)
1 I hate at weekends, (work)
2 We've arranged you at the airport, (meet)
3 I'm concentrating on formyexams (study)
4 The two companies are trying a deal
(negotiate)
5 I need to you about something, (talk)
6 Everybody in the office has some basic training, (do)
Trang 11RELAX
PAGES 3 6 - 3 7
bat a bat is a piece of wood that you use to hit a ball
in games such as baseball.Bat is also a verb: a
baseball ~ / a cricket - / who's going to bat first?
cards cards are a set of 52 pieces of thick paper with
shapes and pictures on, which you use for playing
games: he cheats when we play - / let's have a
game of - / a pack
of-clear something that is clear is easy to see through:
the water's really - / a - glass bottle
club a club is a stick that you use to hit a ball in a game
of golf: a set of golf -s /I'vejust bought some new ~s
conservative if you are conservative, you don't like
accepting changes or new ideas: I'm quite - / he's
old-fashioned and deeply - / very - attitudes
court a court is an area of hard ground where you
play sports such as tennis: a tennis - / a basketball
- / she plays much better on grass -s / they've been
on - for over two hours now (playing) / I've met
her a few times off the - (not playing)
cycling cycling is riding a bicycle The verb is cycle: do
you want to go at the weekend? /1 love / a
-holiday / he was wearing his - gear /1 often cycle
to work
fishing fishing is trying to catch fish in a river or the
sea: do you want to go - on Sunday? /1 don't like
- / a - rod
forecast a forecast is a description of what you think
will happen in the future: what's the weather -for
tomorrow? / the - is really good for Sunday /the
latest -for the economy
lend if you lend something to someone, you allow
them to have it for a short time, and then they
give it back to you The past tense and past
participle is lent: / can -you some clothes I can
you - me some money? / I've lent my bike to my
cousin
loser a loser is someone who does not win a game or competition.The verb is lose: are you a bad ~?
(someone who gets angry if they lose a game) /
there are no prizes for the -s /you're such a -I
(someone who never wins or does well) / we're
determined not to lose this game
net in tennis, the net is the thing that you hit the ball over In football, the net is the part at the back
of the goal, where you kick the ball to score a goal:
a tennis - / hit the ball over the - / my first serve went into the - / the goalkeeper dived, but the ball went into the back of the -
pitch a pitch is an area of land where you play a game
such as football: a football - / a rugby - / there has
been violence on and off the - in this game
pool a pool is an area of water where people can
swim: a swimming - / the hotel doesn't have a - /
we spent the afternoon in the /1 dived into the
-racket a racket is a the thing that you use to hit the
ball in games such as tennis: a tennis - / a squash
- /1 stuck my - out, but missed the ball
shorts shorts are short trousers, which end above
your knees: running - / he was wearing - and a
T-shirt /a pair
of-track a track is a place with marks on the ground,
where people can run races: go running at the
running - / a race - / - events (races that take
place on running tracks)
trainers trainers are soft shoes that you wear for
sport: a new pair of /you need to wear
-PAGES 3 8 - 3 9 aim if you aim to do something, you try to do it. Aim is
also a noun: they - to pass or kick the ball over the
net / the campaign ~s to inform people about healthy living / what are the main aims of the project?
attract if something attracts people, it makes them
come to a place to see it: the sport doesn't - big
crowds / the museum -s thousands of visitors every year / the show -s large audiences
average if something happens on average, it usually happens in this way An average is a.^umberyou get when you add several numbers together and then divide the result by how many numbers you
have added: people are married on - for 11 years /
the - of 4,11 and 6 is 7
banned if something is banned, it is not allowed
to happen The verb is ban Ban is also a noun:
the sport was - for a while because of violence / smoking is - in the school /1 was - from driving for two years / there are plans to ban advertising of alcohol / there is a ban on fishing in the river
beat if you beat someone in a game, you win If you beat a record, you do better than it The past tense is beat and the past participle is beaten :
my brother always -s me when we play cards / Liverpool - Chelsea 3-011 think the Democrats will
- the Republicans in the next election / he's -en the world record
WORDS WITH SIMILAR MEANING
Some words like win and beat have a similar
meaning and may be translated with one word
in your language.The difference is sometimes
to do with grammar For example,you can't 'win
someone', you 'beat them' Sometimes the difference
is to do with collocation That's why it's important to look at and learn the examples in the VB
bet if you bet, you try to win money by saying who you think will win a game or race. Bet is also a
noun: people - a lot of money on the outcome
of the races / a lot of people - on the results of football matches /1 - £50 that Arsenal would win /
I put a £20 bet on the race
bounce if you bounce, you jump up and down on
a soft surface If a ball bounces, it comes back
when it hits a surface: players - up and down and
try to get the ball over the net / bouncing on a trampoline / the ball ~d off the wall into the road
catch if you catch something that is moving through the air,you stop it and take it in your hands The past tense and past participle is caught: don't
throw it to me- I'm terrible at -ing / - the ball! /1 threw the ball to her and she caught it
cheat if you cheat, you behave in a dishonest way in
order to do well in a game or an exam: I'm sure
he ~s when he plays cards / he -s at most games / have you ever-ed in an exam?
draw if you draw in a game, you finish with the same number of points as someone else The past tense
is drew and the past participle is drawn Draw is
also a noun: we drew 1-1 / Liverpool drew with
Arsenal on Saturday / it was a nil-nil draw
handle a handle is a part of something that you hold
when you use it: the 'duck'is now a ball with ~s /
I've broken the on my cup / turn the door
-home when a team plays a game at home, it plays on its own pitch, rather than travelling to the other team's pitch.The opposite is away they're playing
at this week /1 go to all their games / the team won / we've got an away match next week
-invent if you invent something new, you make or design it Something new that you invent is an
invention: the sport was -ed in the IT 1 " century / who -ed the television? / the telephone was a very important invention
kick if you kick something, you hit it with your foot
Kick is also a noun: - the ball over the net / stop
-ing my chair! / he got -ed by a horse /1 gave the door a kick and it opened
lap a lap is once around the track in a race: they can
race each other for the remaining two ~s / they've still got three ~s to go / he took the lead in the last -
opponent your opponent in a game is the person or
team you are playing against: they try to score in
their -'s net / they beat their -s 3-0 / she's facing a tough - in the final
outcome the outcome of a game or race is the final
result: they bet money on the - of the races / what
was the - of the match? / a draw was a good -for
us /1 don't know if that goal will affect the - of the game
pace the pace of something is how fast it moves or
changes: a cyclist sets the - at about 50 km/h / the
others were running, and I couldn't keep up with the - /1 was walking at a brisk - (walking quite
quickly) / / was looking for a slower - of life
prevent if you prevent something,you stop it
from happening: they tried to - each other from
carrying a duck to a farmhouse / we do everything
we can to - accidents
score if you score, you get a point in a game.The score is the number of points that each player or
team has: I ~d 185 / try to - in your opponent's
net / he's -d over 30 goals this season / he ~d in the last minute / what was the score?
season ticket a season ticket is a ticket that allows you to do something several times during a period
of a year or several months: I've got a - to watch
my team / travelling by train is much cheaper if you buy a -
shortage if there is a shortage of something, there is
not enough of it: there's a - of places to stay /
there's an acute - of water (a very serious
shortage) / there are food -s in many areas
spectator a spectator is someone who watches a
sports event: there were over 25,000 ~s at the
match I it's one of Japan's biggest - sports (a sport
that people like watching)
support if you support a sports team or player, you watch them and want them to win. Support is also a noun Someone who supports a person or team is a supporter: what team do you ~? /1 - Arsenal / there's growing support for the game / thousands of supporters came to watch him play
time if you time something,you measure how long it
takes: I don't usually - myself when I'm running /1
think we should - the journey
violence violence is behaviour in which people fight
or hit each other The adjective is violent: the sport
was banned because of the - / there were several outbreaks of - after the game (events in which
people used violence) / victims of - la violent
attack on a student / a very violent film (showing a
lot of violence)
win if you win a game or competition, you are the best or most successful.The past tense and past participle is won Someone who wins is the
winner: they might - 5-4 / who won the match
last night? / they try to money / they can millions of dollars /1 won a medal / who's going to
Trang 12the World Cup?/ who do you think will the next
election?/ the winner will get $25,000
PACES 4 0 - 4 1
awake if you are awake,you are not asleep: if you
nap during the day,you can stay - in the evenings /
are you -? /1 was still wide - at three in the
morning /1 was only half - /1 was struggling to
keep
-aware if you are aware of something, you know
about it The noun is awareness: we're - of the
problem / they didn't seem to be - of the danger /
are you - that the museum closes at five? / the
campaign aims to raise awareness of the benefits
of napping
benefit a benefit is an advantage that you get from
something: he wants to inform people about
the -s of napping / there are definite health -s /
I had the - of a happy family background
campaign a campaign is a series of actions that
you do in order to give people information about
something or change their opinion of something:
they've launched a - called National Nap at Work
Week / a government anti-smoking - / they are
running a - to tell people about the dangers of
being overweight / a major advertising
-conscious if you are conscious, you are awake and
can see what is happening around you.The noun
is consciousness: / was - during the operation /1
was fully - when I arrived at the hospital /1 lost
consciousness (was no longer conscious)
energy if you have energy, you feel strong and able
to do things without getting tired: a short nap
can increase your - levels / children have got so
much ~! / he's full of - 11 haven't got the - to do
any more
fall asleep if you fall asleep, you start sleeping: I'm
always falling asleep in front of the TV /1 fell asleep
on the sofa
homeless someone who is homeless has nowhere
to live The noun is homelessness: a lot of people
become - after losing their jobs / she ran away
from home, and ended up - in London / a hostel for
- people / homelessness is a big problem in the city
ill if you are ill, you don't feel well or you are suffering
from a disease The noun is illness: / can't come
outI'm too /1 feel really / she's still seriously
-in hospital / he was taken - last night (he suddenly
became III)/a lot of people suffer from mental
illness/flu is a serious illness
inform if you inform someone of something, you tell
them about it: they aim to - people of the benefits
of napping / they didn't - me about their plans /
I regret to-you that your application has not been successful
level the level of something is the amount that there
is: a short nap can increase your energy ~s / the
city has high ~s of pollution / there is only a low
-of radiation
mood your mood is the way you feel, for example
how happy you are: a short nap can improve your
- / I'm in a really good - today/getting that letter has put me in a bad -
nightmare a nightmare is an unpleasant or
frightening dream: doyou ever have ~s? /1 suffer
from ~s /1 often have -s about dying / watching horror films gives me -s
productive if you are productive, you work hard and
achieve a lot: people are less - if they're tired / that
was a very - meeting
related if one thing is related to another, it is
connected to it in some way: sleep problems are
the biggest health— problems in many countries / some illnesses are directly - to stress / the police believe the two crimes are - in some way
stay if you stay awake, asleep, calm etc, you remain
in that state: if you nap during the day,you can
-awake in the evenings / please try and - calm /1 need to - focused on my exams /1 hope we can - friends
suffer if you suffer, you feel the bad effects of
something: a lot of people - from not having
enough sleep / people who - from heart problems / they -from mental illness / a lot of companies are -ing financially at the moment
survey if you survey people, you ask them questions
in order to learn their opinions Survey is also a
noun: 33% of adults -ed said they would like to
sleep at work / they -ed over 20,000 students / we conducted a survey of people's attitudes to their health / a national survey
weak if something is weak, it is not very strong
The noun is weakness: / can't use my'phone - the
signal is too - /1 felt too - to get out of bed /1 didn't want to show my weakness /1 have a real weakness for chocolate (I like it a lot)
EXERCISES
PREPOSITIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 Would you like to play a game tennis?
2 The weather forecast says rain tomorrow
3 The World Cup attracts thousands spectators
4 He bets money horse racing
5 I need a new set golf clubs
6 I'm terrible sports
7 The game ended a draw
8 I can't say what will happen the future
B Choose the correct preposition
1 I have nightmares about/for losing my job
2 My illness is related with / to stress
3 She's always in / with a bad mood
4 There's a lot oyer/o/violence in that movie
5 There's a lot of support about/for the national
team
6 They scored in /on the last minute of the game
7 Smoking is banned in /about this restaurant
WORD FAMILIES
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
1 a nil-nil draw The game was
4 The university is an anti-smoking campaign
5 I'm afraid of my job
6 The weather the outcome of the game
7 Writing exams me nightmares
B Complete the sentences with the adjectives Look
up the adjectives if you need help
away weak wide main final bad
1 You're such a loser!
2 What are the aims of the project?
3 My team is playing an game this Saturday
4 What was the result of the football game?
5 My phone has a signal in this part of town
6 I was still awake at 3 am this morning
C Complete the collocations with nouns from the unit
4 a violent film a film with a lot of
big problem
6 I'm feeling ill a serious
7 a muscle weakness a phone
signal
PHRASAL VERBS
A Choose the correct word to complete the phrasal verb
1 I have too much work I can't keep on / up
2 I played well but I ended up / on losing the game
3 I'm sorry, but I can't come on I out I'm too busy
4 At weekends I get away / out of bed at about 10 am
5 I was happy before you put me on / in a bad mood
PATTERNS COLLOCATIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct form
of the verbs in the list Look up the verbs if you need help
| lose conduct lose run affect give launch
1 We're a health survey
2 I consciousness in the car accident
3 My friend's daughter away from home
A Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
(to + infinitive or -ing)
1 In baseball,you use a bat the ball, (hit)
2 The campaign aims people about the benefits of exercise, (tell)
3 I like tennis on TV (watch)
4 I started golf when I was a teenager (play)
5 She works overtime in order more money, (make)
6 There are plans alcohol advertising
(ban)
Trang 13HOME
PACES 4 2 - 4 3
agriculture agriculture is the work of growing crops
and keeping animals to produce food: a rural area
with a lot of farms and ~ I modern intensive - I
traditional / over 80% of the population work in
-bank the banks of a river are the areas of land along
the sides of it: we walked along the river ~ I their
house is on the south ~ of the river I the ~s of the
River Ouse
boat a boat is a vehicle that travels across water: we
took a - along the coast and went fishing /you can
get to the island by - / a small rowing - I a motor
- / the ~ sank in a storm
border the border between two countries is the line
that separates them: it's by the Mexican I the
between the USA and Canada I we crossed the
into Spain I they managed to escape across the
-into Switzerland
bridge a bridge is something that is built over a river,
road or railway so that people can cross it: a - over
the river I a road - I the road goes under a railway
- I cross the - and then turn right
climate the climate is the typical weather in an area:
a place on the coast with a warm - / the- s lovely I
the - is quite cold and wet I a tropical - I the
island has a mild (quite warm) / the dangers of
-change
coast the coast is the land next to the sea: a place on
the - with a warm climate I they live on the south
- of England I we decided to go to the - for the
day I we spent a week at the - / we drove along
the-coincidence a coincidence is a situation in which two
things happen that are separate but seem to be
similar or connected: have you ever experienced
a strange ~? I it was pure - that we went to the
same university I it was an amazing
-countryside countryside is land that is not in a city
or town: the hotel is surrounded by nice - / some
beautiful open - I it's important to protect the - I this could destroy an area of lovely -
desert a desert is an area where there is very little
rain: the Sahara - /you can't survive for long in
the / to the south is an arid (very dry) / a landscape
-doubt if you doubt something, you think that it may
not be true: / - if you'll know it /1 - that he's telling
the truth I1 suppose he might come, but I - it
dry a place that is dry has very little rain: the south
of Spain is very - l a - climate I a very - summer I plants that will grow in - conditions
exciting if something is exciting, it makes you feel happy and interested You can also say that you feel excited: a very - city I living away from home
can be very - / an - adventure story I I'm really excited about the holiday
factory a factory is a building where things are made:
an industrial city with a big steel - / he works at a small shoe - / a modern clothing - / when did the
- open? I a lot of factories are closing down now
farm a farm is a business that produces food by growing crops or keeping animals Someone who has a farm is a farmer: a rural area with a lot of
~s and agriculture / a pig - / a large dairy - (with
cows for milk) / my parents lived on a - / a fruit
-forest a forest is a large area of land that is covered
with trees: walking through the - I a tropical - I
they are clearing the - to make way for roads and houses
geography geography is the study of different
countries and areas in the world: who knows the
most about -? I my - isn't very good (I don't know
much about it) / / studied - at univer, ty
green an area that is green is covered with grass and
other plants: the area is very - I there are lots
of-spaces in the city I -fields
industrial an area that is industrial has a lot of factories An industry is all the businesses that
produce one type of thing: an - area in the west of
Germany Ian - city I the north of the country is very -1 a town by the sea with a fishing industry I the car
is facing a lot of problems I the country's steel
-lovely something that is lovely is very nice or
pleasant: the food was - I it's a - place I the
climate's - l a - house I she's a - girl
Middle East the Middle East is the area that includes countries such as Iran, Egypt, Syria, Jordan and
Israel: it's in the ~, near Saudi Arabia I have you
ever been to the? I the problems in the
-murder a murder is a crime in which someone is killed. Murder is also a verb: a horrible - I the
person who committed this terrible - I he's been charged with - l a - victim I he murdered his wife
ocean an ocean is a very large area of sea: the Indian
- I the Pacific - I they crossed the Atlantic - in a small boat
plant a plant is a factory where things are made:
an industrial city with a big car -la steel -la nuclear power -
COMPOUND NOUNS
Two nouns used tog ether can make a new
noun - for example, a car plant (a factory for
making cars) The first noun describes the
second noun
do housework work for a TV company
set you r alarm clock make TV adverts
go to the cycle track have satellite TV
pollution pollution is chemicals and other things that
cause damage to the air, water or land: there's a
lot of - in the city I the problem of air -Ian effort
to reduce -1 new laws to limit -1 the government should do more to tackle - (deal with it)
port a port is a place near the sea where boats arrive
and leave from: it's a big - in the north east I a
small fishing - I - Isabel
rural a rural area is in the country, not in a city: a
area with a lot of farms and agriculture I a small community I the advantages of - life
-spreads if something spreads, it moves or grows and
affects a larger area: the city -s along the coast I
fire can - very quickly I the disease can - easily from person to person
steel steel is a strong metal that is used for making
cars and other things: an industrial city with a big
factory la bridge I it's made of
-square a square is an open square area with buildings
around it in a town or city: there are some lovely ~s
in the old part of the city I we had lunch in the
-tiny something that is tiny is very small: it's a
-village I their house is - I a - garden I the boats in the distance looked -
wall a wall is a structure that is built of stone or brick
to separate different areas of land The walls of a
room or building are the sides: there's a - around
the old city centre I the ancient city ~s I a garden
-I some pictures on the kitchen wall
PACES 4 4 - 4 5 bank balance your bank balance is the amount of
money you have in your bank account: I've got a
healthy for once 11 need to check my I my isn't very good at the moment
-basin a basin is a bowl that is attached to a wall, in
which you can wash your hands: / have my own
room with a -to wash in 11 filled the - with water I can I use your-?
bill a bill is a list that shows how much you have to
pay for something: the electricity - I the gas - I do
you have to pay extra for the ~s? I they sent me a for £3001 can I have the ~, please? (in a restaurant)
-budget a budget is an amount of money that is
available for you to spend:you need to learn to
manage a - I our weekly food - is £801 we're on a very tight - (with very little money) I you need to set your - and then stick to it (not spend more)
company if you have someone's company, they are
with you: / enjoy her - I you have to learn how
to enjoy your own - I I'll stay and keep you - (be
with you)
fill if you fill something,you make it fulhyou may
want to your time with a social life I can you the jug with water? I he kept -ing my glass
-freedom if you have freedom, you can do what you want, and no one stops you or controls you.The adjective is free: the best thing about living on my
own is the - I people fighting for their - I children have a lot of - now I I'm free to do what I want I
a free country
hard something that is hard is difficult: spending
time on your own can be - I the hardest thing is learning to live on my own I it was a really - exam
housework housework is work that you do to keep
a house clean: she doesn't do any - at all 11 think
you should help with the I we share the
-noisy if a place is noisy, there is a lot of noise: living
in a block with other students can be very - I the bar was quite - I the problem of - neighbours
pint a pint is a unit for measuring liquids A pint
is 0.47 litres: a - of milk la - of beer I two ~s of
lager
takeaway a takeaway is a meal that you buy in a restaurant to eat at home. Takeaway is also an
adjective: shall we get a ~? I a Chinese - I we lived
on frozen meals and - pizzas
tiring if something is tiring, it makes you feel that you want to rest or sleep If you feel tired , you feel that
you want to rest or sleep: / have to speak English
all the time, which is - I it's quite - work I I'm very tired 11 feel really tired 11 was starting to get tired
tool a tool is something that you hold in your hand
and use to do a job: it's useful if you know how
to use basic -s 11 need a new set of -s I there's a hammer in my -box
whatever whatever means anything or everything: /
can do - I want I take - you need
PACES 4 6 - 4 7 alarm clock an alarm clock is a clock that makes a
noise to wake you up: could you lend me an - for
Trang 14the morning? /1 set my for half past six / the
-went off at seven o'clock
allowed if something is allowed, you have permission
to do it: no overnight guests are - in the house /
he's not to smoke in his room / children aren't
-in the bar
borrow if you borrow something from someone, you
use something that belongs to them and give it
back later: can I your watch?/ doyou mind if I
-your phone for a minute? 11 -ed some money from
a friend
corner a corner is a place where two lines or walls
meet:you can leave your bags in the - there / he
was sitting in the - of the room / there's a cafe on
the - of the High Street
credit if you have credit on your mobile phone,you
have paid for some calls in advance, so you can
use your phone: / don't have much - on my phone/
I've got no - 11 need to put some - on my phone
(make a payment) / / need to top up my - (make
a payment)
feel free you say this to give someone permission to
do something: go ahead, -I /please - to ask
questions
go ahead you say this to give someone permission
to do something: -, feelfree! / Please - and help
yourself to food
guest a guest is someone who is staying at your
house for a short time Someone who is staying in
a hotel is also a guest: no overnight ~s are allowed
in the house I we've got -s staying with us this
weekend I you can stay here as my - I how many
~s have you invited? / the restaurant is only for
hotel -s
hang if you hang something in a place, you put it
there so that it is fixed at the top but loose at the
bottom.The past tense and past participle are
hung:you can - your coat on the back of the door /
-your clothes in the wardrobe / we hung some
pictures on the walls
host the host is someone who has organised a party
or other event and invited people to their house:
bring flowers or chocolates for the - / he was a
charming
-leave if you leave something in a place, you put it there and let it stay there The past tense and past participle are left:you can -your bags in the
corner there / I've left my books upstairs /1 left my keys on the kitchen table by mistake
lend if you lend something to someone,you allow them to have it or use it for a short time The past tense and past participle is lent: could you - me
an alarm clock for the morning? / can you - me
£20? / I've lent my phone to a friend
midnight midnight is twelve o'clock at night: he has to
be home by / it closes at / we left at just after
-overnight if something happens overnight, it
happens during the night: no - guests are allowed
in the house /you can stay - if you like / we flew
to New York
-rather if you would rather someone didn't do
something,you do not want them to do it: I'd
-you didn't stay any longer / I'd you didn't borrow
my CDs without asking
set a set of things is a group of them that belong
together: ask for a spare - of keys /a - of six chairs /
a chess
-show if you show someone a place,you take them
there so that they can see it: let me -you around
the house / I'll -you toyour room / we'll-you how to get toyour school / a guide -ed us around the castle
spare something that is spare is extra, and you can
use it if you need to: ask for a - set of keys / it's a
good idea to take a - pair of shoes / the - tyre in the back of the car
take off if you take off a piece of cloth ing, you
remove it from your body: doyou want me to - off
my shoes? / come in and - your coat off
washing-up the washing-up is all the plates, cups etc that are dirty after a meal When you do the washing-up,you clean them The verb is wash
up: there was a big pile of - / do the - after
dinner / we all helped with the - / I'll helpyo't
wash up
EXERCISES 5 This is a area There are no cities
6 I don't want to live near a power
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 I want to live in a place a warm climate
2 There are a lot factories in my town
3 She's from the east coast America
4 I need an alarm clock tomorrow morning
5 My company employs thousands people
6 I lent my car a friend
7 There are some lovely cafes the centre of town
8 I don't have much money my bank account
B Choose the correct preposition
1 Can you help me with /for my homework?
2 I'm flying in / to London for a conference
3 My cousin is staying with / at us this weekend
4 I think my keys are with / on your desk
5 I have no credit in / on my mobile phone
6 We live in the old part of I by town
WORD FAMILIES
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
1 a pig farmer We live on a dairy
2 an industrial area A town with a big
fishing
3 I'm feeling tired Studying is
work
4 a pile of washing-up He never
5 a financial advisor I struggle
B Complete the collocations with nouns from the unit
C Match the two halves of the sentences
1 Doyou have a spare set
2 Please buy a pint
3 I'm on a very tight
4 Can I have the
1 Can I help you take up /off your coat?
2 I need to top in / up my phone credit
3 My alarm goes out / off at 6 am
4 I don't always stick in / to my budget
5 My favourite restaurant is closing away / down
6 I lived by / on junk food when I was a student
7 What time do you wake on I up in the morning?
PATTERNS
COLLOCATIONS
A Complete the sentences with the adjectives Look
up the adjectives if you need help
rural pure social spare nuclear charming
1 Check your tyre before your trip
2 Thank you for being such a host
3 I'm too busy to have a life
4 Meeting you again was coincidence
A Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
(to + infinitive or -ing)
1 We've decided to Spain for our holiday, (go)
2 Doyou have enough money the bill? (pay)
3 Wood is used for furniture, (make)
4 I like time on my own (spend)
5 Farming is the work of food (produce)
6 I find it hard English all the time
(speak)
Trang 1507
MIND AND BODY
PACES 4 8 - 4 9
ache if a part of your body aches, you feel a pain
there that continues for a long time. Ache is also
a noun: My whole body -s / my head ~s / my
back's aching / it ~s a bit, but it's not too bad / my
legs were aching from all the cycling / I've got a
stomach ache / I've got a really bad headache
advance if you do something in advance,you do it
before a time or an event:you should book well in
- /1 ordered the tickets in ~
apologise if you apologise to someone, you say that
you are sorry for something you have done The
noun is apology: you ought to ~ to her / he -dfor
breaking my mug / I'm sorry I ~i /1 think I owe you
an apology
appetite your appetite is the feeling that you want
food: I've lost my - (I don't feel hungry) / he's got
a big ~ / a child with a healthy - / I've always had
a small ~ /1 went for a run to work up an - / have
you got your ~ back yet?
asthma asthma is an illness that makes it difficult
for you to breathe The adjective is asthmatic : /
suffer from - /1 get quite bad - /1 have mild - /
the doctors can treat - quite successfully now /1
had a really bad - attack /1 don't do much sport
because I'm asthmatic
breath a breath is an amount of air that you take
into your body: / get out of - very easily (I find it
difficult to breath after exercise) / take a deep - so
I can listen toyour chest / it took me a few minutes
to get my - back (start breathing normally again
after stopping exercise) /1 can't hold my -for very
long (stop breathing) / doyou ever get short of-?
(find it difficult to breathe)
cough if you cough, you push air out of your throat
suddenly, with a loud noise. Cough is also a noun: /
- a lot at night /1 was trying not to - /1 -ed to get
his attention / I've got a horrible cough / that's a nasty cough you've got
depressed if you are depressed,you feel very unhappy The noun is depression: I feel quite - /1
felt lonely and - /1 was starting to get - /1 became severely - after losing my job / doctors can help cure mild depression /1 suffer from bouts of depression
flu flu is a common illness that is similar to a bad
cold, but more serious: / think I'm getting the - /
he's got a mild bout of the - / I've been in bed with
- /1 don't want to go down with the - (become
ill with it)
hay fever hay fever is a medical condition that makes you cough and sneeze when you are near plants:
doyou suffer from ~? /1 get really bad - / tablets that can help relieve the symptoms of -
muscle the muscles are the strong parts of your body
that you use for moving: my ~s ache / the ~s in my
leg felt tight (stiff and slightly painful) /you need
to do exercises to strengthen the s / I've pulled a
-in my leg (hurt it)
a nosebleed if you have a nosebleed, blood comes
out of your nose: / had a - / oh, no! I've got a - /1
had a really bad
-rash a rash is a lot of small red spots on your skin: ///
eat chocolate, I get a horrible - all over my body /1 get an allergic - if I eat tomatoes /1 broke out in a
- (a rash appeared on my body) / the - spread to
my face and neck
sick if you are sick, food comes up from your stomach
and out through your mouth: / was - three times
last night / stop the car -1 feel -I/I think I'm going
to be - / if I eat any more, it'll make me - /1 was violently - when I got home
sneeze if you sneeze, air suddenly comes out of your
nose and mouth Sneeze is also a noun: my eyes
water and I - all the time / the dust was making
me - 11 -d loudly 11 was trying to stifle a sneeze
(stop it) y
sore if part of your body is sore, it is painful: I've got
a - throat / my feet are - Imy arm's getting better, but it's still a bit - I my stomach's still really -
spread if you spread something,you cause it to affect a larger area or more people You can also
say that something spreads: stay at home if you've
got a cold, so you don't - it / rats - disease / we tried to stop the fire from -ing / the infection can
- quite quickly
swallow when you swallow, you make food or drink
go down your throat: it hurts when I - /1 can only
eat foods that are easy to - / the tablets were too big to -
sweat when you sweat, liquid comes out of your skin:
I feel hot and cold and I'm -ing a lot I the heat was making me - /1 was -ing profusely (a lot)
tablet a tablet is a small round piece of medicine
that you swallow: take four of these ~s every day
/ the doctor gave me some -s /1 sometimes take sleeping ~s (tablets that make you sleep) / the drug is also available in - form
temperature if you have a temperature, your body is
hot because you are ill: I've got a - /1 think I've got
a slight - /1 had a really high - / the nurse took my
- (measured it) / this should bring your - down
upset stomach if you have an upset stomach,you have an illness in your stomach that makes you
feel sick: I've got an - / I've got a bit of an - /
eating too much spicy food gives me an
-water if your eyes water, liquid comes out of them:
my eyes - and I sneeze all the time / the onions were making my eyes - / my eyes keep -ing
PACES 5 0 - 5 1 accept if you accept something,you take it when someone offers it to you Something that is
acceptable, is good enough for you to accept: they
don't - credit cards /1 -ed his invitation / will you
- the job if they offer it to you? /1 -ed his offer gratefully / the conditions in the hospital aren't acceptable I this behaviour is simply not -
afford if you can afford something,you have enough money to pay for it Something that is affordable is
not very expensive, so people can afford it: / can't
-to go -to the theatre /1 can't - -to buy a new car / the flights are more affordable if you book in advance
anxiety anxiety is the feeling of being very worried about something The adjective is anxious: the
doctor managed to cure her - about eating / money problems cause a lot of - /1 get quite anxious about exams / I've been feeling quite anxious about it all
-ous
Words ending in -ous are B djectives They are
often connected to nouns but the connection is not always the same
have an anxious wait create anxiety
a religious school teach religion leave a generous tip show generosity
be very adventurous a big adventure
be unconscious lose consciousness
attack an attack is a short period of time when you
are ill or afraid: he gets panic -s every time he has
to fly /1 suffer from anxiety -s /an - of flu /an asthma - / a heart -
blind if you are blind,you cannot see: I can't imagine
being - /he was born - /1 started to go - when I was in my thirties / I'm partially - / he's completely -
case a case is an example of an illness: when we
think of mental health problems, we often think of the most serious ~s / a severe - of food poisoning /
a mild - of flu
chemical a chemical is a substance.The chemicals
n your body are the substances that control how
your body works: many mental illnesses have a
physical or - cause in the brain / the heat causes a
- reaction
compare if you compare things, you look at them to see if they are similar or different Things that are
comparable are similar:you can - prices online /
you can't - these clothes with ones you buy in a supermarket / it's a really good shop, and their prices are comparable to much bigger stores
culture a culture is a way of life and set of traditions that belong to a particular country or society Culture is also art, music and literature.The adjective is cultural: / like finding out about
different -s / western European - /1 find it hard to understand youth - / there are some interesting cultural traditions / the school organises a lot of cultural events (art, music etc)
cure if you cure an illness, you make the person better. Cure is also a noun: doctors can - mild
depression / he says he -d himself by keeping positive / they've -d him of cancer / doctors hope that one day they will be able to - diabetes / I'm completely ~d / doyou know any cures for hiccups?
disability if you have a disability, a part of your body
or mind does not work properly, so it is difficult for you to do some things The adjective is disabled :
/ can't imagine having a - / he's got a physical - /
a school for children with learning disabilities / the accident left him disabled
inevitable if something is inevitable, it will definitely
happen and you cannot prevent it: / think it's
-we'll all get this flu / it seemed - that we would lose the game
overcome if you overcome a problem or difficultly, you solve it or deal with it so that it is no longer a problem.The past tense is overcame and the past participle is overcome: doyou know anyone who
has been successful in overcoming a difficulty? / there are quite a lot of problems that we need to - / I've finally overcome my fear of heights
panic panic is a sudden strong feeling of fear: he gets
- attacks every time he has to fly / a sudden feeling
of - / everyone was in a - (feeling panic)
physical something that is physical affects your body,
not your mind: many mental illnesses have a - or
chemical cause in the brain / he's got a - disability / you need to build up your - strength
progress if there is progress, something gets better or
you get closer to achieving something: science is
making - / we made steady ~, and by five o'clock the job was nearly done I the bad weather slowed our - / the school will monitor the - of the new scheme
reaction a reaction is something that you say or do because of something that has happened The verb is react: when people ask for help, they often
get an unwanted - / what was her - when you
Trang 16told her? / my first - was to laugh / his speech
provoked an angry - (caused it) / how did she react
when you told her about it?
recognise if you recognise something, you accept
that it is true: we should - that mental illness is
a natural part of life / a lot of people don't - the
importance of a healthy diet
recover if you recover from an illness, you get better
The noun is recovery: doyou know anyone who
has -edfrom a very serious disease? / it took me
nearly three months to ~from the operation / he's
made a full recovery /1 hope you make a speedy
recovery / exercise can speed up your recovery
rely on if you rely on someone,you depend on them: /
- my family to support me /you know you can - me
serious a serious illness or problem is very bad: a
-illness / a very - disease / - mental health problems
/ drugs are a - problem in this area /a - accident
therapy therapy is a way of treating illnesses
without using drugs, for example by allowing
people to talk about their problems: doctors use
drugs, - or other support / he's having - to help
with his depression
treat if doctors treat an illness, they give someone
medicine or other things to make it better
The noun is treatment: a lot of mental health
problems aren't -ed / a new drug to - people with
cancer / they can - the disease quite easily with
antibiotics / early treatment is important /1 was
taken to hospital for treatment
PACES 5 2 - 5 3
bend if you bend, you move part of your body so
that it is not straight.The past tense and past
participle are bent: stand up and -your knees /1
can't - my arm /1 bent forward to pick up my bag /
I bent down to tie my shoelace
brush if you brush something,you make it clean
or tidy by using a brush: / never - my hair /you
should -your teeth after every meal
burn a burn is an injury on your skin caused by fire or
heat. Burn is also a verb The past tense and past
participle is burnt or burned: a - on my hand /
that's a nasty - (a bad burn) /he suffered serious
~s in the fire /1 burned my hand on the iron
cream cream is a thick substance that you put on
your skin to make it better or less painful: we'll
give you some - for your burn / put some antiseptic
- on it / use hand - to keep your hands soft
diarrhoea diarrhoea is an illness in which when you
go to the toilet, the waste from your bowels is like
a liquid: I've got - /1 had mild -for a few days / a
lot of the children suffer from chronic
-dose a dose of a medicine is an amount that you take:
don't exceed three -s in 24 hours / I'm on a very low
-of the drug /the doctor gave me a strong - of
painkillers / it's important to take the correct
-exceed if you exceed an amount,you use or take
more than that amount: don't - three doses
in 24 hours / the total price won't - £200 / it's against the law to - the speed limit
fridge a fridge is a piece of equipment in which you keep food to keep it cold If food is refrigerated , it is
kept in a fridge: put the bottle back in the- /I always
keep meat in the - / I'll get a beer from the - / once opened, keep refrigerated and use within three days
heal if an injury heals, it gets better: how long did it
take for the cut to-? / broken bones usually take about six weeks to - / it should - quite quickly / it's -ed nicely (well)
hiccups if you have hiccups, you make repeated
sounds in your throat, without wanting to: I've got
/ doyou know any cures for ? /1 keep getting
-indigestion indigestion is a pain that you get in your stomach because your stomach cannot break
down the food that you have eaten: I've got - /
I don't often suffer from - / eating late at night always gives me - / it sounds like - / - tablets
plain someone who is plain is not very attractive:
she's got a - face / she's quite - / a- girl
prescription a prescription is an amount of medicine
that a doctor gives you: the doctor gave me a
-for some painkillers / are ~s expensive where you live? / people under 18 are entitled to free ~s /you have to finish the - / the drug is only available on -
(from a doctor)
relax if you relax a part of your body, you make the
muscles soft, not stiff:-yourface and shoulders /1
had a hot bath to - the muscles in my back and neck
a scar a scar is a mark on your skin where you had a
wound or injury in the past: I've got a - on my leg
/ how did you get that ~? / the cut left a small - on
my arm / he's got a deep - on his left cheek
settle if something settles your stomach, it makes
it feel comfortable again after you have had an
upset stomach: / need to take something to - my
stomach / a glass of water might - your stomach
smell if something smells, it has an unpleasant
smell:your/eef / / the cheese was starting to
-stitch a stitch is a piece of thread that a doctor uses
to sew your skin after an injury:you'll need some
~es in that cut /1 had five -es in my head / I'm going back to the hospital next week to have the -es out (for a doctor to remove them)
stretch if you stretch a part of your body, you push it
or make it straight, so that the muscles become
long: / do exercises to - my back / -your arms up
over your head / it's important to - your muscles before you do exercise /1 sat up in bed and -ed /
I went outside to - my legs (go for a walk after
sitting down for a long time)
vomit if you vomit, food comes up from your stomach
and out of your mouth: have you had any indigestion
or vomiting? / the smell made me want to
PREPOSITIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 I go a run every morning
2 Doyou sleep well night?
3 She's ill flu
4 Do you suffer asthma?
5 I've got a rash my leg
6 He has a bit a cold
B Choose the correct preposition
1 I'd like a glass with / of water, please
2 She has a scar on I by her cheek
3 I need to stretch the muscles on / in my back
4 The doctor gave me a prescription about/for my
cough
5 I had a cold on /for a few days
6 Doctors can treat disease/ram / with antibiotics
W O R D FAMILIES
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
1 He's an asthmatic He suffers from
2 I'm a bit depressed There is medication for
3 Exams can cause She's about
anxiety her results
4 a cultural event Japanese
5 an angry reaction Howdidyou ?
6 a new cancer Doctors
adventure
1 People who go to church are
2 I don't take risks I'm not very
3 He's about his exam results
4 She was knocked in a sports accident
5 Thanks for paying You are very
5 She's depressed because she her job
6 I think I've a muscle in my neck
B Complete the sentences with the adjectives Look
up the adjectives if you need help
sore full severe healthy spicy short
1 He made a recovery from cancer
2 I don't eat a very diet
3 She has a case of swine flu
4 Koreans eat a lot of food
5 He has a cold and a throat
6 When I exercise I get of breath
C Match the two halves of the sentences
1 I sometimes get asthma a) teeth?
2 She's in bed b) with flu
3 You should book your flight c) the law
4 Many people have a fear d) attacks
5 How often do you brush your e) of heights
6 Drinking and driving is against f) in advance
2 I picked out / up my shoe and hurt my back
3 This medicine will speed on / up your recovery
4 Do exercises to build over / up your strength
5 If I eat chocolate I break away/out in a rash
6 Drink water to bring In / down your temperature
PATTERNS
A Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
[to + infinitive or -ing)
1 My legs ache from (run)
2 I need something for my headache (take)
3 You should do exercises your back
Trang 17GETTING THERE
PACES 5 4 - 5 5
council a council is an organisation that is responsible
for the local government in an area: where does
the local - hold its meetings? / / wrote to Leeds City
Council to complain / the - was elected last year /
she's on the town - (she is a member of it)
coach a coach is a bus that is used for long journeys:
doyou know what time the - leaves? / we're going
by - 11 don't want to spend six hours on a - / / got
on the - in London / we stopped, and everyone got
off the - / the - driver needed a break
cross if you cross a road,you go from one side to the
other: take the second on the right, then ~ and turn
left /1 ~ed the road to go to the bank / it's not safe
to - here / it's better to - at the pedestrian crossing
exit an exit is a place where you can leave a
roundabout or a motorway: take the third - on the
roundabout / take the -for York / we'll leave the
motorway at the next
-get if you get to a place, you arrive there If you get
a bus, train or taxi, you travel in one: where are
you trying to - to? / we finally got to London at six
o'clock /1 just want to - home now / we can - the
bus from here / why don't we - a taxi?
get off if you get off a bus or train, you leave it The
opposite is get on: / got off at the wrong stop / I'll
-the train in Cambridge / -the bus stopped, and a few
people got on
Most basic verbs combine with prepositions or
adverbs like off, on, up, back etc to create a new
meaning
get 3 paper (buy) get off A the next stop (leave the bus / train) get up at six (leave? your bed)
What time did you get back? (return / arrive home)
Learn phrasal verbs with get in the same way you
learn normal verbs, as they appear in the VB And remember to always learn the collocations!
ground a sports ground is a place where a sport is
played: a sports /afootball /a rugby /a cricket
-hold if you hold an event, you organise it and make
it happen: where does the local council - its
meetings? / we're -ing a small party next week / the government will - elections next year
landmark a landmark is something that you can
recognise easily in a place: what are the famous ~s
where you live? / it was nice to see all the familiar
~s again /1 recognised one or two -s
lost if you are lost, you do not know exactly where you
are: / think we're - /1 got - in all the small streets of the
old city 11 took the wrong road and got hopelessly
-miss if you miss something,you don't see it or notice
it If you miss a bus, train or plane,you are too
late and you don't get on it: the art gallery is in
the main square-you can't - it /1 -ed the last bus home / hurry up or we'll - our flight!
monument a monument is something that is built
to remind people of something important in the
past: you'll go past a - / a historic -1 a - to the
people who died in the war
playground a playground is an area outside where
children can play: a children's - with swings and
slides / the school
-pray if you pray, you speak to Cod: people - in a
church / we are -ing for peace / he -ed to Cod to give him strength
report if you report a crime or an accident, you te 11
someone in authority about it:you should go
to the police station to- a crime / did you - the accident to the police? /1 think you should - this to the local council
statue a statue is an image of a person or animal
that is usually made of wood or metal: there's a
big - in the square / a - of the president / a huge bronze - / the new - stands in George Square
town hall a town hall is a public building in Britain that is used for the local government of a town:
it's opposite the / their offices are in the
-30 OUTCOMES
way the way to a place is the road or path that you
follow to get there: doyou know the - to the
museum from here? / can you tell me the - to the university? / what's the quickest - to the town centre? / I'll show you the - to the station
PACES 5 8 - 5 9
PACES 5 6 - 5 7 brief if something is brief, it does not last a long
time: we'll try to keep this meeting as - as possible / ft was only a - visit / we had a - chat /1 sent her
a - email (not very long)
bunch a bunch of people is a small group of people:
they were a bad - / a nice - of people / they're a very friendly -
couple a couple is two people who are married or
in a relationship with each other: we met a really
nice Swedish - / they're a happily married - / we get on well with the - who live next door
disappointed if you are disappointed,you are unhappy because something is not as good as you hoped it would be Something that makes you feel disappointed is disappointing: / hope they won't
be - when they meet me /1 was a bit - with my results /1 was really - that they didn't come with
us /I was bitterly - (very disappointed) / the film was a bit disappointing / it was a disappointing result for us
dusty if something is dusty, it is covered with dirt that looks like a fine powder The dirt is called
dust: the room's very - / some - old books / the
furniture was all very - / there was a thin layer of dust over everything in the room
glad if you are glad, you are happy and pleased about
something: I'm - that you're OK I I'm -you can
come to the party / I'll be - when my exams are over / I'll be - to get home
hard-working if you are hard-working,you work
hard: my brother's really and serious / a very
student / he's really
-notice if you notice something,you see it, hear it or
smell it: he suddenly ~d an old farmer /1 -d that
he looked very tired / did you - that funny smell?
selfish if you are selfish,you only care about
yourself and don't care about other people: he's
so ~! / don't be ~! / that was an incredibly - thing
to do! [very selfish)
slow down if you slow down,you start to do something
more slowly: he slowed down as he walked through
the fields / the traffic lights are red!
trust if you trust someone, you believe that they are
honest and will not do anything bad: / didn't - any
of them /1 know I can -you / I - him completely /1
- them implicitly (completely)
unable if you are unable to do something,you
ca n not do it: they are - to stay quietly in their
room / a lot of these children are - to read / I'm afraid I'm - to come to the party next week
adventure an adventure is something exciting or
dangerous that you do: we're interviewing Ellen
MacArthur about her latest - / sailing down the Amazon was a great - / I'd love to go on an - / people who are looking for - / an - story
avoid if you avoid a place, you stay away from it:
the area if you can / the plane was diverted to French air space / it's best to - the city centre
-bike a bike is a bicycle A motorbike is a vehicle like a
bicycle with an engine: is it safe to ride a
motorbike? / I'll go on my - if the weather's good /
I climbed onto the back of his motorbike
burst if something bursts, it breaks open suddenly The past tense and past participle are burst the road is closed because ofa- water pipe / the balloons all - / one of my tyres ~, so I had to change it
cancelled if something that is planned is cancelled, it does not happen.The verb is cancel: our flight was
- / the meeting was - at the last minute / we'll have to cancel the game if it continues raining
chaos if there is chaos, there is a situation in which
there is a lot of confusion: the air traffic controller's
strike is causing complete - / the bad weather led
to - on the railways / the meeting ended in - / there is political - in the country now
charge if you charge someone an amount of money, you ask them to give you that amount when you sell something to them or do a job for them
Charge is also a noun: how much did he -you? /
he -d us £200for painting the windows / doyou -for delivery? / how much do they -for coffee? / there's a £5 delivery charge
clear up if you clear a place up, you make it clean and
tidy: the road is shut while the police - the mess /1
can - if you like / it took us hours to - after the party
concert a concert is a show in which people play
music: a lot of people are travelling to Wembley for
the big - / I'm going to a - on Saturday / the band are giving a - in London later this year / a rock -
consult if you consult a book or a website,you look there for information If you consult a person, you
ask them for information or advice:you should
-the airline's website / -your dictionary / - a doctor
if you get any worse
cycle if you cycle, you ride a bicycle Someone who rides a bicycle is a cyclist: / - to work / we
-d nearly 60 kilometres / there's a - lane / a demonstration by cyclists
deal a deal is an agreement: there's little hope of a
-yet /a - between the unions and the company's management / the two sides have finally reached
a - / I'll make a - with you - I'll let you borrow the car if you put some petrol in it for me
delayed if something is delayed, it happens later than it was planned to happen.The verb is delay
our flight has been - / the train was - by two
VOCABULARY BUILDER 31
I
Trang 18hours / they have decided to delay the start of the
game until three o'clock
demonstration a demonstration is an event where
a large number of people meet to show that
they support something or are against it The
verb is demonstrate: a - by cyclists in the city
centre / a huge - against the war / students held
a ~ at the university / they are organising a - to
protest about the job cuts / the announcement led
to -s all over the country / thousands of people
demonstrated about the rise in food prices
diverted if something is diverted, it has to travel in
a different direction A different direction that
you have to travel in is a diversion: the plane was
- to avoid French air space / our flight was - to
Heathrow / the road is closed and a diversion is in
operation
freely if something happens freely, it happens with
no problems, or without anyone stopping it: the
traffic is moving - / people are now allowed to
travel across the border / they can't speak
-about the government
globe the globe is the world: her latest adventure
is sailing round the - on her own / her music is
popular all over the
-land when a plane lands, it comes down to the
ground When it takes off , it goes up into the air:
our flight is delayed so we're going to ~ late / we're
due to - at 6.30I we took off at eleven thirty / the
plane took off from London Catwick
lane a lane on a big road is one of the parts that
cars and other vehicles drive along: one - of the
motorway is shut / we were driving along in the
inside - (the one closest to the side of the road) /
a car drove past us on the outside ~ / a car changed
-s suddenly in front of me
licence a licence is an official document that gives
you permission to do something: doyou need a
-to ride a mo-torbike? /you must have a valid driving
- /you need a gun ~ to own a gun / he was found
guilty of dangerous driving, and lost his - for two
years (he wasn't allowed to drive)
line a rail line is a line that trains travel along: they're
planning to build a high-speed rail - / they're
building a new -from London to Birmingham
lorry a lorry is a large vehicle that is used for carrying
goods: a - has crashed on the A516 / too many
goods are transported by - / a - driver
mosque a mosque is a religious building where
Muslims go to pray:you'II go past a - / Muslims
who go to the -for Friday prayers
park if you park a car, you stop it and leave it in a
place for a while: we drove around for half an hour
before we found somewhere to - / we -ed in the
car park /1 -ed the car near the library
passenger a passenger is someone who is travelling
in a bus, train, plane etc: they stopped on the
motorway to let the -s stretch their legs / there were nearly 300 -s on board the plane / the bus stopped and a few -s got off
practical something that is practical involves doing things with your hands, rather than thinking or
writing about things:you have to take a - test of
your riding skills / we really need some - help with the project / he's got no - experience of building work
remove if you remove something,you take it away
from a place: the police -d some cars from the main
shopping street 11 -d the dirty dishes from the sink
I she had an operation to - a lump from her leg
renew if you renew something, you replace it with
something new: repair work to - the underground
/ we had to - some parts of the engine
reputation someone's reputation is the opinion that
other people have about them: taxi drivers have a
bad - / the restaurant's got a very good - / he has
a - for being very hard-working / her - suffered as
a result of the scandal
ride if you ride a bike or motorbike, you sit on it and drive it You also say that you ride a horse The past tense is rode and the past participle is ridden: do
you need a licence to - a motorbike? /1 never learned how to- a bike / I've never ridden a horse in my life!
route a route is a set of roads that you go along to
get from one place to another: the traffic is moving
slowly, so it's best to take other -s / what's the quickest -from London to Manchester? /you should plan your - carefully
row a row of things is a line of them all next to each
other:yoi///go past a - of shops and a mosque /
we arranged the seats in three -s / they were all standing in a - / we were sitting in the back - (the
line of seats nearest the back of a room)
sail if you sail somewhere,you travel there in a boat:
her latest adventure is -ing round the globe on her own / we -ed to France / they're -ing around the Creek islands
service station a service station is a building near
a motorway where you can buy petrol and food:
they stopped at a - on the motorway / the food is always really expensive in motorway -s
speed the speed of something is how fast it moves:
a high— rail line / travelling at a - of 70 miles an hour / driving along the motorway at top - (as fast
as possible) / a car which can reach -sofup to 200 kilometres an hour
transport if you transport something, you move it
from one place to another in a vehicle: too many
goods are -ed by lorry / cars are -edfrom the mainland to the island by boat
EXERCISES
PREPOSITIONS
B Complete the sentences with the adjectives Look
up the adjectives if you need help
A Complete the sentences with the correct preposition
1 When I got Paris it was after midnight
2 You can take a bus Paris to Amsterdam
3 I don't know any my neighbours
4 London has a statue Nelson Mandela
5 Do you know the way the football stadium?
6 I was disappointed my exam results
B Choose the correct preposition
1 The goods were transported on / by lorry
2 We stopped at a service station/or / to get some
petrol
3 She has a reputation/or/on being lazy
4 I need some help to / with my homework
5 Two cars have crashed about /on the motorway
6 My flight leaves in/at 2:30 pm
7 We're going to a concert on /at Friday night
WORD FAMILIES
A Complete the expressions with the correct form of
the word in bold
holiday the service
2 a dusty floor There was
everywhere
3 She's a keen cyclist I to work
4 Workers are It's a about
demonstrating wages
5 a traffic diversion The new road will
traffic
bad famous last valid back nice
1 I sat in the row of the bus
2 That airline has a reputation
3 You must have a driver's licence to drive a car
4 The concert was cancelled at the minute
5 My classmates are a bunch of people
6 The Great Wall of China is a landmark
C Complete the collocations with nouns from the unit
1 Where do you usually get out /off the train?
2 I get over/on well with my brothers and sisters
3 You're driving too fast Please slow down / up
4 The plane took off / out from Heathrow Airport
5 I'll help you clear out / up the mess in the kitchen
6 Hurry on / up or we'll be late!
COLLOCATIONS
A Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs Look up the verbs if you need help
stretch be hold change need get
1 Do you want to stop and your legs?
2 You must indicate before you lanes
3 There are some students a demonstration
4 I'll glad when the journey is over
5 My taxi driver in Madrid hopelessly
lost
6 Let's go out I a break from my studying
PATTERNS
A Put the verb in brackets in the correct form
(to + infinitive or -ing)
1 Ships are used for goods, (carry)
2 I have one of my tyres, (change)
3 He has a reputation for a good manager, (be)
4 My job involves with numbers
(work)
5 The flight is due at 9:30 (land)
6 The government is planning new roads, (build)