Luận án phó tiến sỹ " Góp phần nghiên cứu hệ sinh thái vườn nhà đồng bằng sông Cửu Long vầ thành phố Hồ Chí Minh " ppsx

'S£ (HAOIH)C vA DAo Tl~O . ., , TR{()NG 1)6J H()C TONG H()PTP. H() CHI MINH _. ' " """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" " ~ J N(;UYIi.:NTlIJ NHQ(: AN ~J T()1\t1TAT LE~N AN : (]()j>PHAN NGHIEN cifU H(~SINH THAi VCi()Nr-Ul,.\n6NO B"\NG SONG,ClJO LONG vA THANH PRO H6 CHi MINH Chuyen nganh Sinh Thtl;-I.fa 86 : 01 05 -20 Tom t~t Lu~n an Ph6 Tien sf Khoa hQc SiNI-l- J.l0<; r'-"'-'" " , j'~~1!1 ( """"';:';'f",,-, ,1 ! Uh! ,.j:,,- i U,iL;iU jJ 1 I I . ; j,'~"" ! !~ ~~ i i THAN~~)H?ttin (~Hi ~1T~H 1992 - ", "" "" '" Lu'}n an du,/c hoan thanh t'}i :89 man Sinh lv.oi, Khoa Sinh H~c, A ( ~ , Trudng D'}i H9c Tong H~ Thanh Fha Ho Chi l"1inh " , ~ Ngucfi hUcfng dan khoa h9c : . , ,( - '" A, - Giao Set Tien ~i : PHUNG TRUNGNGiIN , .< '" " - f he Tie n 8i : BUr VAN KIEN '" A. , Ngetdi nh'}n xet 1 : '" '" , Ngudi nh~n xet 2 : '" , Cd quan nhcrnxet . '" , Lucrnan ho p tai . . '" , Vao luc t , A '\ Co the hm , , , se d1J.1obaa v~ Trtting D~i H9° ." g1d A "" hteu luan an . "') ,( "" , t'}i H9i Dong cham lui\n an Nha 1')11'70 A '",() , Tong H1.P Thanh Fha Ho Chi Hinh. '" , ngay thang " tg.i Thtt Vi~mo nam A,. """ AA "" Lu~n an d11.1cbean thanh t~i B~ men Sinh l'.oi, Khoa Sinh H<;(c, ~ ,.( ~ ,. Trudng D~i H<;cTong Hqp Thanh Fho Ho Chi 11inh ,. :10: Ngucli ht 'dng dan khca h<tc : ,. ,.( "" A - Giao 511.Tien ~i : PHUNG'mUNGNGiJ~ ,. ,.( ""- . A - 1-ho Tie n Si : BUr VANKIEN A ,. Ngudi nh~n xet I : A ,. Ngddi nh~n xet 2 : " ,. Cd quan nh~n xet : " , "" ., Luan an 5e d11.de baa ve . . . h~p t~i Tr11.1ngD~i H9c Vao luG : gi(j ,. -'I '\ ~ A,. CO the t1ffi hieu luan an . ,,~ ,.( A,. '\ , t~i H9i Dong cham lu~n an Nha Nlidc .oi ,.()o,.,. Tong H1P Thanh Fho Ho Chi dinh. '\ ,. ngay thang A tai Th11.Vien. " . nam 1 l 0"1NOI DAU l l , " """ l l Dan so the gicfi ngay Gang dong, va gia tang theo cap so A "" -", nha!!., tro~g k~ di;n tJ.C h da:!: dai c}.1/ trtt, co ~\ln, vai nguyen t!;i e.n nhi~n ngay c~ng ~'u 1d~t, "loa~ ngtt~ can phai t{l.n d'tng d~t' 'dai,. d~",khai thac tong ptjp cac san pham tau ho{l.ch tren manh dat hiem co. .' ' , t'" - A" - "'" l Vi the ~t tron~ nh~g ~i~n ,hap "httu hifU va,tt1iet ~h1/c" dttclc dat ra la tim hieu va phan tJ.ch cac me mnh st! dung totco ~ l ", " A,.", l4E2U qua ki~h ~e cao nst! : cae: vttdn Dba, cac mo hinh ncng lam, Dong ngu, va lam ngtt kat hQ'p o .,~ t~, A l" ')" Tlicfi gian",qua, van de nay tren the gidi dlttc nhieu nha khoa h2c quaD tam. ", t ,.".", , - "Rieng d YiE?t Nam, va nhat la~ cae tinh yhia Nam, Wdn nh~ gitt mot vai tro quaD tr9ng trong Den kino te d~a phttdnl!: day la "'" "A", " ':o:f'l met h~ s~nh ~hai d2c d~o, va., cu~g l~ ph1£dn~ thttc wa ~e sttd1}ng h;tP ly ~uy ~at d~i tbttdng nho be, ytta de t~n dvng n~on l~o d~ng nha~ ro~ nha~ nan~ ca~ tau nh~p cho ~ia dinh. Gong, cu~c nghien cw cling gap phan . ho trd chttdng trl.nh IDA 001 GI1Ii'iNGm;c '1 t ~ Qua Thanh Pho va Trung U'dng hi~ n nay. " " -, , Nghien cw he sinh thai V't4 'dn nha cling vdi muc dich tttng ,,"', ,,-, , t" , bttdc-<,da cai thi~!; va ph1}e Vl},ddi ~ong ~han dag nhtt}o.:s~nh ho~t, an Hong, dinh dudng~ tang cttdng stte khoe va go}J phan VaG viee '1 , . . vui ehdi, giai tri, ~ A ""'" "",~. PRAN J.V19! : TONGQUAl'JTAl LI~ VAPHU'o'NGPIW> NGHI~ Cuu ., " ." '" cRub'NG 1 : LICH sO' NGHI!::NcOtJ HE SINH THAI vuol~NHA THEN "- "GiOIVA 0' VIiT NAf'1 - . l ,(\., I. TRENYtlEGluJ. : TH~ " t"" " ", """'" M9t so nttdc' eo quaD taJll nhttng tai li~u nghien cw con it (F AO, l'1AB) . " .,.,., , Trong vung it Chau, V1idn nha d1i.1e khao sat d Indonesia tu' t -", i'C", , A" ')" Dam] 953.Den Dam1910, ,da eo met se Gong trJ.nh nghien eu'llphan r" " ":", t, '" l:fti t?p trung v~o khia e~nh sini?- thai va kinh te, een ve van p -" , ", A r '" hea, xa h9i thi ehda ee. Soemarwoto va e<;;ngtaevian (1915) , . , , , Karyono : Indonesia(1990), Long Chun Lin(1990) nghien eu'll wdn ., ( t nha d Xishuangbanna 'frung QUoe). 20 ." ,. ,." ", Ai": ,,', r1o 6' VIET N.AIil: Co eaeeong trinh nghien ct "QQua ong Ph{UllThanh ~o" " ,,< -" " "- Giang (1978), GS Lam Quang Huyen (1985), GS Tien 8i 16 Gong KiE(t (1987), GS Hoang H~a va e9ng tae vi~n(1987), l-'ho Ti~n S1 L~' Tr£mg Cue (1990). ,:::~ , ,.,1-",'::." -< , Nhin ehunl! cae tae gia da co quan, tam den V11dnnha nhttng cae " , ><, , ' """""< -< ,,< eong tr~nh nghien e\.t~ ehua co thdi gian dao sau nen m~t so yeu to " ,,< ~" ,,< " " ,,<,'" lien quail den xa hoi, denviec nang cao nang suat, lqi tUG, hieu 1 ,,<"" ~ 1'"" "'. ,." ~ qua kinh te can phai khao sat them de dam l~i 111 ich cho nhan dan. " ,:, "'" CHUbNG2 : NOr DUNG VAPHUO'NGPHAP NGHIEN cOb _0 I. NGUYENNHAN-rImc HIEN DE TAl: , " ;:r , " ",< " , Nttde Viet Nam dat h~p vo'i di~n tich co d~nh, tl';ong -< . ,1'" ~ "",< , so gia tang nhanh, do ,do ty le gitta disn tieh dat deli tinh ' 1 " . ngddi ngay Gang giam. ,', A "",""" r - Chien traub, bom'dan tan pha m!;t die-n tieh 10'n rung va V11dn, A: " ,1,. " ~ . nhat la vddn cay ahqUQ~; , "A A"")-;;':':;"-",,, ~",< ,,<'x "" Visc can thiet' bien na:r.la t~m hisu cac ~reu to dat dai,nguon , ~. " "' r 1-'" -":,, ,< ,. A"< , " n~dC, kf thu~t~ pha~ b?n{~~~h~i",kinh7te<'.,<ttt dchdexuat"cac mo h~?h phu h~ de ~ BoP"pha?,vao :YJltc f,~ai quyst ,<ngucn lac ~9ng dtt thua, tao c(mg a,Q) vi~C l~m, them nguon kinh te phu gia dint, ta.ng "."" ,'.", '" , ,,4 C , t~em n~uon" hy V<;rig.~a,'~:an 1am tr~ng lor;g n~itd~ ,da~. Ngo~i ra c~n gop pha~ nan~ cae ddi~s-(¥1~no.n!R tho~,! gi~m b~\y1/j~ach"bi~~ gi~a n~ttdi dan ~hanh ~h~ ~a t:ho'n que, giup Nha Nttclc th1fc hi~n dan vi~c xay d1Jng nong thou mdi. II" !!QI Duim NGHIE2lCUtr.': ' , " ,-"" 1 ' V~n d\lng cae ki~h,Rghiem Qua Karyono (1981), Long Chun Lin ~ , ""< .", "1" ", (1990). To ehttE h~ tlIong ,sinb thai no~g n~hi~:p d~ng Nam~Chau ,A (SUAN)(1990) ve nghien edu he sinh thai nong nghiep, nghien e\.t~ ",,' A 1" ,<'" " vddn nha trong dieu kien cn the rj' Viet Nam, ket h""'" vdi mue tieu '" , A. i"A' 1"' :f¥ ~. , nghien c\.t~ : Tim hieu ciac diem cd ban Qua vtidn nha Viet Nam qua tae "1 ,' A, A 1 " ,," ~ " dong eua een ngudi, tim hieu cae du diemcua visc chan bo cay con ~ 1 "," " ~ " ,( ," +:; 1 ,( va st! dung phan bon, cham see h\.t~ hieu nhat, va hisu oua kinh te ,°"'/, "<, ." ", , cbo phep cI cae" vunlj dat khac !:ha~. D~ do cac""n¥i dung chinh dtt'!c t~p trung ngbien c\.t~ trong lu~n an nay baa gom : "r'".( , , , ~, 7 - Phan t~ch oem true) ehttc nang, nhttng 'net dae trdng, cua vddn ,(" 1, "" '" " " " nha eung s~ bien d9ng eua no khico taa nhan ban ngcai '(di~u ki~n " khi dan " "" tren dau 3 '" , ,. "" : '" ", tl/ nhien, con ngucfi ) tac d~ng den h~ sinh thai vUdn nha. "" , , .' ,a 1 '" ,. ,. - Phan tich cae ~c diemJdnh te, xa h~i, trcng do co ,1 '1. 1 ,: trc chu d~ cua ngdcfi chu v~cfn. "'1, "', ,1""" 1 - 1'10ta cae' me hint wcfn nha ~e sac cf dong bang Song C1.l'U. tOng (DBSCL)va Th8.nhph~ Hpchi IJlinh (Tf .HCN), d cae vUng sinh ,. ,. , thai khae Mau. ' ' " . "',. "1 ,("""', " - Phan tieh hi~u qua kinh te cae me hint tren. ",( ",. , ""'~" - De xuat nhling bi~n phap chamsoc, Irs thu~t de xay ""' A,. . , nhling me hint tot un thieh h</p,cho ttL"'ngvung. I' "" A'\.T III. PHUbNG PHAP NGHIEN Cuu : , '" ,"',. . , '" 1,. ) , Fhucfng phap' ngN.~n cw ehl.nh dua tren viec khao sat, dieu 1,. '" ,: " '" ",., ,(1., " tra cf cae ho ilia dl.ph, kiem nghiem s~n xuat cf ngoai thuc dia,dieu ) , .:::t_",. 7 1'" A:A ,. ,.,'" tra ve kinh te-xa ht;:i, chu ;>Teutong kat tap quan wdn nha nong "'~" ,.,. '" ",' "",. , dan de xay duns:! hUdm-rDhat trien (khong dat nang cong tac phones , '" . X? X'"f' " ,. " 10,.10,. thi nghi~m). Gong eu~e nghien cun gom 2 bude chinh : " ,( 1) Di thl/c d!a thu th{lp so liEt~ : ",. "" ",'. ,. ". " Gom cae vi~c- chuan b!, so' .tham, khao sat trcng bac wan ,., ,( ., ,.,. "'" cac vung 'dat ::ohen, Rhu sa nude ngot, man, TIhen man, fliong cat, ,( ,. " ~ ~ ,(,." "", ;- '1 " dat xam tren phu sa c,o, va dat nut, thuoc cae xa cua cae Huyen 1 " ,." .,( '1 ' trong 'I'inh Dong ,'rhap)Tien Giang, Long An, Ben Tre, CunLon~ (vung D~ng biing S8ng 'Cdu Long) va cae huy~n ngo?ithanh Tha.nhphoH~,Ch{ lviinh. . '" '1,. '" ~ """" Ngoai viee khao sat Vlicfnnha, con tl.m hieu them ve tl.nhhinh 1 I ' ,( Ao , c ,( ,.' , " san xuat, tint hinh kinh te, xa h~i, cae yeu to chinh da tac d9ng c . , den wan nha. " c " 2) Thuth~ so liEt~ : ,(" "" ,. ,( 1 " Sau khi thu th?p so lieu, phan tich kat quq., dong thcfi tim rl "" "",' hieu : hieu qua cae me hint : . , " '" ,- - Dau VaG : Tong chi phi' ( = " '" '" - Dau ra : Tong thu nh~( = , ,. - 1ii t1Jc rong : 111 tue Sau ,. -' 10'1 tuc/m2 = X = ~ . DiEtn vat dljrlg 1 d " dong) d~ng) ,. khi da tr1i chi phi. I' L~ tuc 'ron~ '" tich cant tac, chan nuoi 4" ~Doanh l~,= D~ ",',J t.' , = Ldi nhu~n 6 I 11 ;l Chi phi san xuat " ' ' \ "", ,,'1" lI'~"')o ,~" , Sau eung, phan lo~i, so santi, danh gia hi~u qua: ya'de xuat A) -<,"" _,11 "~)o A_' ,"" mo h:wh toi'l.<"'u -vdi, nhUn~ eai tieD can thiet eun~ nhlf \?6C ,dlfa A'" '- ." '" I ,,\'\,,;1( ~,; t~en b~ khea h~c ky thu~t vao slf v~n nann cae mo hinh toi 'l.<"V;eho tung khu vuc. I ." ~ ,', ~ 'I , 11 '" PH$i HAl :' KET QUA VA TRAO LU~ , A 11 " , CHUbNG3 : CACDACDIEI4 CUA vuo'N NHA -" , , ' , " "", " A 1/ ,A, h.,',A 1. ~tNH NGHIA : ¥~n, nha ~~ IIl9t ~tt t~ong s~)"d\}qg.dat~}?;?~. m~t can nha bao quanti bdi math da.t, ,dlidc trong nh:teu lcai ca;tcol.;, boa mau kha,e nhp,u dO nhi:.ingth~nh!'Vi~n trong gia d1.nh th~e hi~tl v-1im~e' , , '" ,,)0 ~ dich chinn la dap l.<.ing nhu' ea11'j ,sinh ten. ' " , ," , ;!~ ,,;~', '~fr, " "'. 'i~ II sl1 PHilli, BIE~ ,V'UO'N~HA V'A vuol~ : -" ' , ", ~ ,"" , .4 " ,. '" 1) V~n : La he thong co, dieD tich dat thudhg Idnhdh 1 mau - ", " " , 11 C,1,,'" , (1 ~a ,ho~c ~.OO~.,~)~ copg la~a~ng ~h11dng~ha~ md7n'~nem~:ngudi ngeai, gia dint v~<wehumdn khong thudhg xuyen d t~i. da~ " ",' ",~",,_!,,>" ,~"j.' d,.'" ",' ,"'" 1 ,2) V~n nl1a :,::,1~ jn@n" co, ;l<:h:tco them ru~ng bacquq,ph nha 11 ,'11 ,., '" " ',,' " ',"; , eua~lJ.U ~n, vade e4c, thanh vien. eua gia dinh thuc hien'canh tac " ", , , :1 "A ," 'A" , :La",chi:rih (c5:ng ~ao d9ng ,eo,:~he, ~lltdn "them n~eai ho~c khong) vdi di~n tich In2t l1ai tram m2 den m~t ho~c 2 mau. " ,', 'Ai,"",' '" ,-" V11dnnha ,d Vi~t Nam'qo the c~ia lam 2 lo?i : ';-' " "", ~ 1 , 1 ,'r" ",:, a) Y11dht1] curigt1!~ : phan Idh gal' d gia d:tnhnon(t,then, th11c hi~n treng lue nh~m roi v~ m~t s~ c~y an trai a g~n bOtrao, ra~ q~a" d quanti nha ndi clf trti, die . n t1ch khc@g loo~500 Lt2)( H~c " " v'. T "- h ' Bi .'. ' ) ' ". flOP, ~n,' en.: ",,),~ ;, ,,',' , _I ,. '" " ", ", ,;., ." :" ".' 1 Chu y : M~t vai ca-;,T'trlf,),c san, 5~lO giG Ian 'treo tr11')'~"'blfa A 11, ~ 1,',1"" ~" khong phai la doi t11dng. khae sat (,),Indonesia,Thai Lan;,,:':'wi cay - '\" 1/"" .l: h A, cling g~i vlfdn Dba, d ViEtt Nam d~t n!ng v~n de kin.h te hq'nJ ) " 1 A" , , , " " b V~dn taG san pham hang boa ~ Dong vai tro kPa quaD trcng ", ",', ", "', 1/, . treniS CU9C seng cia dint, th11')'ng co di((n tich kheang t11 500-20000 A"- ~ A- ) , A m2 (2 h~) d~C0 .the taG kinh te phu gia d:tnh, hoac co th~ sinh A " " " A . ," A""" " song bean toaD nh')' hue ldi thu beach (mot se ho ')' non g trlfdTIg " " " 0::;> ,C '1 , N A A" " q~ocdoanh, r:J cae xa thugc niien 'I'ayNam ~ .0")' , A.~' ~ - 1 ",,$;: '\ III. ChU THuC VA CHuG Nl\NG CUA vuu'N NHA ~. . A , '\ '\ , A: 11. Cau true va thanh phan 'eau t~ : A;, A, ;/"" '\ '\, '\ 1) Gau true : ~e diem ehinh de phan bi~~ Vlir:Jnnha v':Ji v1idn, -". " '\ '\ '\, ,,? Vlidn nha la s1J hi~ndi~n c~n nha (hang rao co ho~c khong) ,0' DBSCL '\ " A -1" " '\ '\ " ,,- A; va ngo~ 0 TP.HCM, ke,ea vqng nong thon, hang r~o ben hongG~p rat , 1 / '\ , ,'1, '\ , " it (khoang 250 0), con hang raG ~hia truae a cae vuan nha .khong " '" '\ ~ " A; ,( , ? , theemot dang co dinh va cung khong nhat thiet bat buoe phai co" (' 7", . , . Hangr.ao aphia truae d1J.':}ephan ra nhu sau :' / , '\ '\ - 30 0 0 khong co hang rao. / , " 1 - 70 0 0 co hang rao la cay canh, , " ~ '\ " tretrue, day kern gai ho~e bag g~ch xay " 1 7- , tre kho che mong.,. cae b1J.i '\ t1iang. '" , , Trong cau true v1ian nha co : - Can nha '\, " " - Nha tam : va t lieu XCi:,' - Chu~ng gia ~-ile:. tr;'u, , , - AO ea (tom.,,")th1idni:i, A , 7 phan, nude thai. 1 , 7""'" " Khoang 90 % aa ea 0' nong thon duqe nuoi bang can '\ " , , '\ ",A;, ngudi) va phan gia sue (thuo'ng la phan heo), day la van de '\ "'), ", nhieu ngudi quan tam VJ no theo ehu trinh khep kin VAG" , """'"" " 10 % ao ea dude nuoi bang earn, la mi, phieu sinh dong ,,' " thuc vat. . . , , " ? '\ , 2) Thanh phan h~ th1!e v~t cu.a Vlir:Jnnha : , ~- ,,:>: ,-7" , , Gem co nhtlng cay go ,bui, boa thao, day leo eung vdi nhieu 7' . ~hung lo~i khae nhau. 7, '\ 7 ,-"" A" Khao sat Vlir:Jnnha a DBSCVva ngoai 0 TP.HCN sa bo giup chung " " A A "",, " " ',(', toi nh~n thay : Tong so co 270 loai, thu¥c 85 h¥, so loai naythay A ""'" '\ , '\ A" doi trong mlla kho va mlla mua tuy thee tho'i V1.1va d~ell ki~n khu A; '\ , '\ 7 d~G rat phu h1P vdi nha d. be, heo , ", c~nh chuang gia sue, nh~n , nguon ( ph;'n dude . , vue" . , '\)" . 7 , , B. Chue !fang. va tam qu.imtr<t~ eua Iludn nha ~ 6. , " ~ , , - Vl1dn nha co nhieu IfluC,d:lch va chuc Pang, gil1 vai tro quaD ,.(, 1,. 1 A ,.( 1 trong dol vdi ehu V11dnnhu,:tao san pharo tu cung, tLt cap, tao ve my"quan, gia tri kiOh te, gia tri ~ hoc, ch~c nang b~o trl g~n , , 1 AA 1 ".~'", t 1" ehuc nang bao ve dat, cai thien tieu khi tau. Anh hLtdng moitr~g , 7 '" ",.(. ,.(. " " do' cae chu wan luon, chuy. den: mat kinh te, lo'i nhuan ma dol khi A , '. ,( " 1" ,"'.""" quen taG d9ng co hai den sdc khoe con n~uo'i hoae cae dong vatkhae 1 " . ,." ,.( )( 1-A A <" ~ bdi, dung cae 10~i pha,p pan, thuoc di~t co, thucc di~t trtt sau, ray. ,.( " 1 ~ , IV. ~ BIEN WNG CUA vuo'N NHl1: ,,1 ,'" A ~ I' Wdn nha a DBSCL va ngo~i 0 T1'.HC.!:.'lthay dol theo ehieu htto'ng I' ," "",., """, khac khi co znc.?ttrong cae nguyen nhan sau day tae dS?ng: ,.( ,.( " , ",.""".!" - Nam, mac, con trung, diet bent, dong vat gay mot so benh, " ~ . " . . che cay trong. ?, , A" ~ A, ", ~ - Chu vttdn tl1 y thay dol ea;l trong de phu hn'n vdi yeti eau ' ,( I'",~ th~ trueing, tang hue lcfi (Ben 'fre, An Phu Dong, Tien Giang". <) ,.( 1 '" ,?",.(" - Dl}kien cai t{lo trong wdn cua Nh,a Nl1dc neu khong , d111e '" ~ 1",.1 _,1? ,.( nghien ott\). ky} khan>! chu -dong gia ea thu mua 58 lam ant hl1ang den ~ , ," 5< ,( A ~ , 1 - vltdnrnhg Nguyen nhanAquary tr99g ,npat J-a van deAgia caAth~ ~rl1dng vi no tac d'om~ m~mtJ.do~ vdi ~hu V11dn~am tl}ay do:k Cry[au v1/-dnnha~' fHutlNG 4 ~ DIEU KI~ IJI01 TRutJ'NGc1h GAGNHON, KIEU vUb'NNH~ , , ii. VI TRI DIA LY : ~- " , ".( 'I 1, -0".( - DBSCLtint tl1 Long An den Minh Hai, trai dai ttt830 den e-L:" 0' ,., 11 vi Bac va 104 30 Kinh Dong. . ,., -'" , " 0 I'" A 0,," ::: ~ .HCiVl,thu98 ~ d<iI' Ba;:tl1 19 2~ 3~, den 11 04 17 kinh d9 Deng tli 106 01 25 'den 107 01 11. .', ,A ,;("", B. KHI HAU : DBSCLva l',LHCH mang tint chat khi tau gio mua can , , rt ,: , A , A. " . xi ch dao, cae yetito khi tau 'tuy co thay" doi theo mua, nhttng ttto'ng ~ A. " . , "" ,.,A doi on dint tl1 pam na y q Ua nam khac. Khi tau , do am , ' lu'dng nnta , , I'. A ,.( 'I Ox ,.' ant sang, do boc hcfi 0' DBSCL, Tf .HCN tl1o'ng doi thich h?'P cho ",'" t ", " . s~ phat trieD cua VU0TIDba. G. TIillY VAN : ~ , ,., 1 "rt", 1) Dong bang song C:iu LonG ~ mang m?t so net chinh nhl1 sa'~ : , I' ", , , ~ .", ,.( ~ DBSCL co 2 song chinh la : Song Tien va song H~u, cap mtdc. ' . '" " va cung ri " j 7 7 ,. '" "\ ~ >- NgGai.),?-~h h~dn~ xaIT~nh~ rn~n~ phan, ~n~ U"a~ de , qu~n tr9~g ph:'t1lai~?:. vo'i. vi~c: trong vudn .Den can 'co phong chong l~:1;\l}'j ": ,', .' , "').,., ,,"'" "'" 2) Thanh pho' Ho Chi j."linh : H~ thong song, r~ch, kenh tren ,. A.,.,., .'" . " '" .' d:!,a ban Thanh l'ho co d9 dai tren 7.86.5km, vcfi di~n tich nudc m~t A " ~., ' ,7~, tren 33 500ha. .Hm. song Saigon va Dc\lg Nai gill vai tro chu yen va '" , , """" 7 7 ~""", tieu thoat nudc Toan bo song, rach chin anh huang che do bannhat 1 '" 1 , . " ", " . trieu khan!;) den, va ehia 3 vung : ng<,(t quanhnam,lrJ va m~n. "", " ~ 7, , , Nguon mtdc ~t : tho'i ~,. cao diem eua m\la mua : thua; l'lua '.' '" ~ . . kho : thieu. h , 1 , Nguon nude ngaIll : dang tham do. ,,( lu lut :rat bi~~ ptl;Jp . , D. DIll HINH : '. ) ~ , " 7 7,,(,,7 1 Dong bang song Cu"uLong: DBSCLchu yen do phu sama'i cua A 1 - ,. "1 , " song C1J.uLong (Nekong) boi dap nen : . ,. , '" ,).,. A, , . Veneac dong song ldn (Tien Giar:g, H~u Giang) d~a hinhcao': , " , A "". "" ~, , hinh thanh cac dat phu sa chtia phav:, boa phau dien }Go nhiell vr:ldn , """,,(' A , riha dll'jc thanh l~,cahgxuong hlio'ng Tay Nam : d~a'hinh cang bang 7 , . P han g . ' , , >- , ',," }" - Cae vung dong tang co dia hinh ;trung binh nhti : TienGiang, 7 - '" A ,. . Cltu Long va m9t so na'i khac. ' .' , , ,'" " '" -Cac ndi d~a hinh ha'i thap nhting tHatnttde tot nhll : 7 , , A , Giang, Cltu .1Qng, .d.nGiang da hinh thanh dat phu sa gley. ' A, ,7' -'" 1 ':~ - Tren cae cqa hinh cua nui va b~e them phu ~a co da " ~, A , , thanh cac lo~i dat xam nau vang, b~e man thlldnt, ngheo dtidng. . ' , "", , : '" A , , "' 2) Thanh pho Ho Chi Ivlinh : va'i tong, di~n tieh t1! n~en la , "" , ' : '" 205.6.50 ha Mm trong khu vtie tiep giap~i1ia mien Dong Nam.do va ", ~ " ~""" ', BESCL, keG da;L::r:fp.bien, ~a hinh thap dan. tli Dong sang Tay va tll , "" '.,' )". .}"" Bac xuong Nam. q.:!'l hinh gem 4 d,~ng : D?ng doi go ltirJn song, dC3,ng ~ . : ).,., ,,(, ttto'ng doi bang. dang trungdamlay va dang thap, mo'i. hinh thanh ~ , . van bien. . . .~. , 1 '" "'A'" , ,,:j Eo THO NHu6NG : Tuy thee. dieu ki~n phan be dat, ngtto'i. taco the " ". , , '" , A , ehia cae vung dat ehinh co lien quan den V1.tdnnha nhu san: H~u hlnh dinh [...]... 7 "" ". !, 3) Ph\ia'ng h\ia'ng s\i d~ng va cai t~£ : Do day la 10~i dat xam , , "" "" " "" A, 7 nQheo dJ.nh dda'ng ~~ thieu '" n\ir:fc, nen can chu :'/' : lam 7cong tac "" thuy l1i ~ , "" lau dai, khaithQng nguon mta'c, daD them kenh, cai t~o mta'c ngam, '" , "" , "" , "" xay ho tr\i n\idc , tronQ~ mua mt ."' a Nen trong them cae 10ai ca \" phan "" 7 "' !". !)\, Yo xanh, ket hiP bon phan hltu cd, a' nht."ng... ;: ,' " t.hich t./ ."' nggiup , " do' Dong dan n!:.t;: r "" ,.( cu can by ncng nghiep hu'o'ng daD phudng phap:J ", ch1.nh qll~yen cae " cap 'A ' h )", "' , ,( ," n>3n t~o dJ.6U ki.~n VfJ nguon phan bon, thuec trtt sau cho nong daD , " ,? ,,( ,Vi: , " - Chu y cong tac thuy 10'1., phong chong tan, ling, 1u lam de ngan m~n ,( "' " , , '" A? ,(, Dei... tUng giai '" PRAN BA: ~ do~n, , ("' " A -~- t\ing thdi '" - - ~ diem., ,( KEf LU~ VA D~ XUAT , ,( "" " 7 : NH{ill XET, KET LU~ VA DE NGHI" , Nh~n xet: '" 7 ,(, Nhin chung viae ". ! " , ". ! san xuat a' DBSCLva IT HCH lien quan ,,(,( vao nhie~ yen ,.(to, nht."ng co'3 yen to san da;y luon du'1c '" : dat dai, von, nguon lao d9ng cHUb'NG 1) "" thu9c ". (,.( y nhat , tuy CUll h ~ , ("' " "' ," A"~ :(1 l'lnt'... nhien , " ro A A , ~, "? , a) Iren c?n, : Tran, ran, A act, , " ? b) Dudi nucJc: Tom the, ," chim"),, chuQt, khi~ soc ", tom he, tap, tre, , eel s~c, eel tr?ch, IUcJn - nhai, " "" , " ~ ca ro dong, ca Ioc, , ca , , '" , ". , ~ , CONNGUO'I: Con ng1.icJi thucc " nhom nhan , to sinh vat, 'Ia 1 trong A, ", ' '\ ~ '" 5nhom nhan tc s;, Dhat sinh ,? Hieng he sinh thai vrlcJn nha la, he sinh ", '\ " 1" A thai... Ngoai ra mot ,c "" " so ndi con trong " ea chua (X : 1.240d); ," '" " , ~ " ) P~ua'n~ th~c ~u dvng va).,cai t . T()1 1TAT LE~N AN : (]()j>PHAN NGHIEN cifU H( ~SINH THAi VCi()Nr-Ul,. 6NO B"NG SONG,ClJO LONG vA THANH PRO H6 CHi MINH Chuyen nganh Sinh Thtl;-I.fa 86 : 01 05 -20 Tom t~t Lu~n an Ph6. ng1.icJi thucc nhom nhan to sinh vat, 'Ia 1 trong , A, . ",' " , ' ~'" 5nhom nhan tc Dhat sinh. Hieng he sinh thai vrlcJn nha la, he sinh ", .s;, ,? '. Vi~mo nam A,. """ AA "" Lu~n an d11.1cbean thanh t~i B~ men Sinh l'.oi, Khoa Sinh H<;(c, ~ ,.( ~ ,. Trudng D~i H<;cTong Hqp Thanh Fho Ho Chi 11inh ,. :10: Ngucli