OXFORD LEARNER''''S GRAMMAR - PART 6 ppt

2 3 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ?II& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Demonstratives II> Finder 165 Put In this, that. these. or those. II> I lik e ~J! 1 1. picture here. - Yes, it's good, but . ~/ ,? ~ one over there is my fa vourite . . . sunshine is a nice change, isn 't it? Yes , but I don't like !he look of . . d;uk clouds over ,here. 2 I' ve just rc ah r.c d thai . socks I'm wearing li on', match. _O il , . . . . . . doesn't malter. No nne \\;11 notice. 3 I'm free today. so how ahmll a game of te nni s aflC moon ? SOrry, I can' l. I'm very bu sy . . . week. I might be OK for the weekend. 4 110 you reme mb er . . . . . ve ry stwl1gc girlfriend Steve had ut one lim e? - Yes, I do. And . very colourful cloth es s he wore. SOh, her e's some thmg interesting Listen 10 . . . . ,' Then !'s going to be a Robbie Williams concert on the eighteenlh of ne xt month , Oil, I think , , , , , , , . might be the wc ckt:nd I'm aWAY , 6 My grandmother is illways talking about the J; oo d old day s, Iler fa vo urite s ymg is , , . , . , , were the days.' -And I sU PI>O se n ot hing is any good . . , days. 7 , ,. , ',.,. is a nice place, I like it here , _ It says in the guidebook lhal the l andscape is similar 10 , 'Veil, I s uppo se it i l) . R Hello . . , , . , , , ,. is Alice. Can I speak to Mm cus, plem;c? -Sorry, he 's Oli lo He' ll be back later . . , . , evening, 9 Look what I've got here, Hub ert ha s just brought me . -Oh , w hallo vcly fl ower s. , , , , , . , of the Alps . . -Yes, aren't the y? I'U put them in . , , n ew vase WI! bought la st week. I think it 's III the dining-room, 10 I think we should reward co mpanies which oh(. 'Y the law and pun ish , C, IU SC 3 101 of pollution . Well , no one could argue with , . , which I I I l 273 Large and small quantities Decide which answer is correct. .". I e.m't ':0 out wnigili. , ha ve -:~ . work to do. M any h) bit cJ severnl oj some 1 knuw this place. I've been here a a) bit hI few c) little d) several tunes befure Finder 166 2 There ure , , , . casinos In Las Vegas. They're everywhere you look:. al \olS h) much c) numerous d) several J Pianes urc big polluters. They cause a . . . . . . . . . . . of pollution ' n) considerable lot bl great deal c) large deal dJ small amount 4 There's been a . . of rain but not very much. a) bit bl few c) little dJ J OI 5 It's very peaceful on the Island hc cli usc there arc . . cars. II} any hl many c) much dJ no 6 It'll Cos t II!. a ccnain , _ of money , but It won't he a lot. a) amnunt bl deal c) few 1I1 number 7 There are a of bugs In the program. I'm surprised there arc so many a) big d~al b) large umounl c) lar~e number d) litllc bi( 274 A lot of, many, much, a few, a little, and a bit of Finder 167 Write a second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the previous one . Use the word in brackets, to- We had very little lime to prepare. (much) ~Alp."':1: ~\-'e v'~r:~ ~f-~l.t!":"7.W rre.pof'e . I dmnk a lillie tea. ( bit) Z Many ramilies have only gOI one car. (lut) 3 There are few Ullspoilt areas left. (many ) 4 There's hardly any time to relax. thule) 5 I bought several things in town . (few) 6 There are such a lot of things to do. (SO ) 7 lbere hasn't been much inlerest in the scheme. Wttl e} 8 We cat more sugar than we should. (tOO ) 139 275 A lot of, many, much, a few, a little, and a bit of Put the words in the right order to form a sensible statement . • Oh. n ot another commercIal break (arcll:ommcrcials/manylthNc/too) l 1 Yf- r: e a t> . t '?'~ ~:wJ ~r: c. 'q / ~ Thu place l!<o just a ~hort drive olway. (a/fcw/il 's / milc!<o /onl}') · . . . . . . . . . . 2 J ames IS vcry popular. (a/friends/has/hefJol/of) · . . . . . 3 You're loU generous, you know. (lauh!<o/fewlil'~'of/ollc/your) Finder 167 · . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . . 4 It 's a vcry complicated soap opera. (a/areJcharactersfgrcatlmany/there) · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 The new muchines <lrc fine. (fcwfhild/pro blcm s/ thcm / vcryfwc'vefwithl . - . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Come on, do n't spoil the party. (d/bit/(;o uld /~nt hu!loim . mllittlc /o f / !'lh()w /youJ 276 Whole and part quantities Read the sentences and answer the questions about them to- 'There I1re curtains at every window, ' How many windows are without cur tains: non e, sever;,i!, or ;,ill of them? . Nqre 'No t man y of my friends are mtere-;t cd in football.' How many football fans arc there among my fri end s: nOIl C, a few, Of a 1m? 2 'We haven't paUltt!ti the whole flat. but we' ve don e most of it.' Finder 168 How much of the flal have they painted ' ic !>s than half; more than half, or all of it? J 'Part 01 the wall Wll~ damaged when a car cras hed into it ' How mu ch of the wall hal'i 10 be rebUIlt: some of It , most of It, or all of II ? 4 Sam tells us a lot I)f stories - amusing Ilungs Ih at have happened to him and his friends - Yes. but a lot of the Sio ri es he tells arcn't tnll!. lie Just makes them up. Which quantity is greater h ew a Int of stone s, or it lot of the sioll es'? 140 27:' . A If/I of, mall y. /lIIlrll, II [1'1/1 , (/ hI/fe, , mel a /11/ nf ~77 All, most, half, none, and whole Finder 169 . Some of these sentenc es are correct, and some have a word which should not be there. If a sentence IS correct, put a tICk (.f). If It is Incorrect, cross the unne cessary word out of the sentence and write it in the space. / Mu st of my clothe s arc OUI of fashIOn. The se plate s arc all ffl {lirt y. . . <? f. . I'll h av e to spend the whole of day on revi sion. 2 NOlie of our map s ~ howed (he new lIlo(orwa y. 3 All of maLter IS mad e of alums. 4 The mu st pt'1lple would agree with Y Oli . S He fired four s hot s and all of them tm so; oo 6 fl. -10M th e V illag es ha ve a pub. 7 More than half of Ihe hou~ in the street aw fo r s al e 8 I've been pla yi ng golf all of afternoon . 9 I baked a cab" bUI we 've eaten it of all. !78 All, most, none, both, either, and neither Finder 169- 170 Read the text and then complete the sentences below using phrases like all of them, most of them, etc. Wlll ' RE TO STAY IN Mln CAS TI\H It is not tilrlicult tn find at :c ommodation In Mldcastcr The town ha s nbout a do zen hot els. the maj orit y of which ar c in the c enlre of IOwn. Thc twO he M known arc in Castle Str ee t 'I hey are the Hith c entury Bridge Hotel and the 17th c entury Crosswilys IIUle l. Bmh uf them ar e fairly small a nd lack a car park, a nd III S \II1IIllCr tll ey are co mpletely taken over by viSitOrs from the US. M> it is un hk l)ly y ou will find (I ro om nvailaulc. Out Midcas ter also ha s a number of bed and breakfast ( )s lH b ti s hm C T1l' s. which arc without ex ce pti on d e an and comfonable and reasonably priced Th t ! S I ~ gUC'it hou sc!'; arc mos tl y local ed in th 4:l outly ing pari s of the town. 110 Mldcastcr I1 mi tI number of hot els ~f q~ t. "? ~ ~~"' "I , . arc located in the town c entre . The Bridge Hol el and the Cro ~ .!o way s Holel arc in Ca s tle Street. me ce nturies old. 2 The tw o h 01<:] s ore hOlh fulttou s, hul . . . . . • i !> veiy hlg. . . . . . . . . has a car park ;i B Ot h hlltels a rc in the ce ntr e of Mldcaster. and . 11 The two ran lU u !I o ld hotels attr acl II lot of totlrists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . are popular with Anu mCC llls 5 Uoth hotels will be fully booked fo r the SUllllller, so y ou probabl y won't be able 10 get a room 111 li Th ere ure a ls o bed nnu bre (J kfa !> t places in Midca stcr. . . . . . are ctc Hn I Hlct comf or ta ble. 7 There IS a WId e cll( )I Ct ! of be d a nd hr ei1kfn~ t (,'S tablis hmcnl s. and . arc ve ry e xp cns l v ( ~. Il A gu est house ma y not bl! c on vt! nlcnt b eca use . ! are otltSldc the centre. "1.77 • All. IIIO ~/. /u Ur. f/O lle. ami w hole 141 279 Both, either, and neither Finder 170 What might you say In these situations? Begin each sentence with both, eIther , or neither . Afrer a long walk you had blislcr on y our fOol. The other foot was jllst a, Oj bad. · . I?x?~ h. ~ :fe.~ ~ /}('IrJ ~;~~~-:-7 ~ .tI:Je ~ ':' : . . 1 You have tWO cameras, but they don't work. 2 There are two candidates for a job. The first Cil ndidllle would be an excellent ch oice, !lml so would the st '(:olld. · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 A car with two passengers in it was involved III an accident. The driv er cscupcd without inJUry, but the other two proplc were injured. . . . . . . . . , . 4 You have two hrmhers. Peter hasn't sent you a birthday card, and nor ha!S Sieve. . . . . . . . 5 You have lu st secn a game of football. The re sult was a draw. United werc happy with the re sult, and so were the o th er team. · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , , , . 6 YOIl and your fricnd h,we to choose between two empty tables in a c aM . One would he OK, bm then l>(l would the utller. 280 Every and each ~ Finder 171 Some of these sentences have a mistake in them . Find the mistakes and write the senten ces correctly. a) The witnesses every gave their evilience. hI Almost every student passed the exum :) At the airport every passenger are searched. dl J enjoyed every single minute of the holiday eJ Every of the pages ha s a number. o The Olympics arc each four years. g) Each house is differem from the othe rs h) Each of the states has us own governor. i) I ring my girlfriend almost each day j) There was a path on every side of the canal k) There's a truin every hour in each direction. I) Ru ch of th e photos hasn't come ou t properl y. 2 3 < 5 6 · . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . 142 2'79 . I mlll , f'ulu?l. and IIPIlI Il !r 281 Some, any, and no Complete the conve rsation . Put in some, any, or no. Ani!;r Oliver : Anita : Oliver Aniw : Oliver: I need tl) get the bu s, and J ha VCll't got ( ) . l!-~ rn orl( !Y. I can le nd you (I) . . . money. Here 's a tenner J can 't kl:!cp borrowing money from you. It 's (2 ). . . . problem. Do n't worry. I'll pay y Oll back (3) . . time. (4) . time w ill do, The re's (5) . . . . hurry . Finder 172 Anita: You lent me twenty pounds l as t week, so Ihm's tlun y lo we y ou. Lo ok , I' ll t ry to pay Oliver. A mw : Oliver: (6) . . . . uf it hack by t he week end ThaI's finc. Th;mks very much . O li ver. I ne ver seem to have ( 7) need it. Don't WOTry about il. . mone y when I A niw : Well. I'd better go. The bus will be corning (8) . minut e. 282 Some, any, and no Choose the correct answer. Let's go III this shop and buy som £/anl: postcards. The boo~ s hop WIll order ~ / any book that's in print 2 II wa s vcry qUIet. There were hardly :;~r 1!£ /~~/no people on tlH ~ streets 3 I was as leep. I didn't hear so mcth inl:i/~hing . 4 I've heard of Ins Murdoc h, but I haven't re,.d some / anv of her books. 5 1 want to S it somewhere quie t wh~re there' s ~!.!):' / no m~sic . 6 I'm afraid we haven 't got so me /!!. nr milk. ; Please k ee p this area tid y. Leave any/no litter. 8 When 1 opcned the box, I found thai ~me J a n y of th e eggs were broken . 9 It's perfectly simple. Someone/Anyone could unde rs tand il. 10 Would you like ~/~ chocolate? Go on, it really is delicious. Finder 172 II I can't r eme mber w hC'n il was, hUI we met before at ~/Any party or olher. 12 We (rust you Will be sa ti sfi ed with the servIce you reCClve frOm us, but ~I any cOl1lplaint~ should be mude in writmg to our head office. 283 Enough, plenty of, and too many/much finder 173A- B Write a sentence about each situation. Use enough, plenty of, too many, or too much . The team needs 45 pnints to quailfy, and it has 47 . . T ~~ .t ;'!.a ~ ?o s ~ ~:9 !l . ~ ; "t:. . t ~ . q . (.l~~ Jf~· . I took two bngs on to the plane. and you're nnly supp0$ed to take oQe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 There are twenty-five pe op le here, and we've ~m exactly twenty-five ch air!> . . 2U 1 • SOllie, i lll y, dfJd 110 143 3 We bought enough fOOlj for twenty people, and only nine people t: allle. . . . -1 I only needed twel ve vote s, and J gut tw ent y- two. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . 5 I( tukes half an hour to wlJlk 10 the dncma, and the film Marts III Iwent y- li\'c lIlillUl' es 284 Another, some more, etc • Finder 173C- E Put in another, other, others, some more, or any more . That was great. Let's have £? f)O. th;.,:" . game, !lha ll we? J We tuuk a bu!> inlo 10WIl , and thcl~ were only tw o. . . . . . . people on the hus . 2 My Sides are aching. 1 ill!>! dun't waJll to henr . . . . . . . . . . jokes 3 I've been In this country a ye ar , and I'm allowed to s t:Jy for. . . . . . S IX months 4 Two people were taken tu hospital. and the. . . wcre Irt ~; lted at tbe scene of the aCCident. 5 I'll get sw ee ts. We've eaten n Cllr ly all these 6 OK, r'll he qUiet. I won't silY . . . . . . . . word. 7 I want to see the world, hut my parents hav e . . . 8 I'll move my seal forward and gi ve you . . plans for me room in the hllck there. 9 Only half the phlyers were traming . The . . . . were resting 285 Quantifiers without a noun Finder 174 Split each sentence into two shorter ones. Beg in the second sentence With a quantifier on Its own Some of the te ll ca r p ar ks in the lown are free. The town has ~ 4 0 ~~r:'" P1J:~~'.~ ~,:,"c;. . .[:~!'!-: Thn. 'C of the fi ve men arrested were later released. The police arre~ted " . . . . . . . . . . . • 2 Nonc of th e twelve new hi -Ii systems we t CS It _· t\ was co mpletely satisfactory We tested . :1 Few of lht! tHlmlrcd of job advert !:> I've l oo keti at seem promI sing. I' ve looked at . . • . 4 Pl enty of the dozens of cafes we looked illl O had free tables. We looked I rHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ 5 I.!ac:h ol lhe several phone boxes we pa ssed had bt.'tm v:.mdaliz cd . We pu sscd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . 6 Many of the fans disappointed hy th e result were actua ll y cry ing . nl e fans f elt. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Luts of the li t kets h.we heen sold already, nnd they ha ve only Ic cc ntly been available Th .: kets have only rccemly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B Most cU IIlJluter manuals arc in co mpr eh cllf>ib tc to me, which is why J never read th em I n eve r read 144 2114 . I1I1IJllwl. $011/1' IJIII/'j' . etc • ; 286 Quantifiers Put each word In brackets in the correct place. ""'"'" • We nt"Cd.( more memory for the computt ~ r , (solne) lbe story was an mvention from Mart to finish. (whole) 2 More than half the pupils were ill . (00 3 I've got 8 lot of work at the moment. (quite) 4 We hn<l om photo taken. (each) 5 I might sell this c ar and buy ano ther . (o ne) 6 We [cllIII nol long after the meal. ( hoth ) 7 We ' ve had II deal of trouble with th ese products. (great) 8 Rkk Iivl.'S In a beautiful Hat. and he own~ two OftIS . (mher) 287 Quantifiers Contradict what t5 said by using a different quantifier. We haven't got much time. Ye.'i, we have / .~ ' ,,:e. ~ t .'9 ~ t?f ~ ,~ 1 We need some help. We 're OK. . . 2 All these sweaters are nice. No, [hey aren't. , , . , , . , . , , • 3 A lot of the information Is new. I think y ou ' ll find. " . ,',., 4 I haven't got many videos. What do you mean? . . 5 You're hiding something. What do you mean? . . . . . 6 Each one of these four signatures IS genuine. I'm afraid you're wrong. . . . . . 7 Roth the sisters studied an . I don't think so ' 8 I've bought too much paint. Just the two cans? . . ~ Finder 166-174 Finder 166-174 2116 . QlhUI(I!lcrs 145 288 Quantifiers Finder 166-174 Write a second sentence so that it has a similar meaning Us e the word in brackets. II- Much discussion has taken place. (deal) · . ~ .9 r ~~ .~e~/ . u-fA;~~!C:'": I ~$ , ~O; ~ e: " r?19~ e : . More than half of Ihe Island is forest. (mosl) 2 We're staying in, but the re st of the pec > plc are gOing dubbing. (o thers) 3 I had to make II few phone calls. (s mall) II There's very liu le food in the hou se. (hardl y) · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 We don't watch very much television. (lillie) · , . . , " .,. . . . 11 50mc gl'lnlges slay open late, but many don't. {lot} . . . . •. 7 Those two bOkes arc damaged. (bOlh) 9 Not everyone likes heavy m eta l. (s ome) . \0 II doe sn't millter which day next week - it ' ll be OK by mc . (any) 289 Personal pronouns Put In the personal pronouns. Finder 175 Arc ( .) . . !lou . . in control of your mohdc phone? Is (I) . . . . . . your friend or your enemy? Mobile ph ones were supposed to make our Jives easier. But maybe (2) ha ve just malle (3) . more comphcau . >d and stressful. When 26-year-old Andy Banon was mterruplCd by hi !l> mobile phone for the fourth tnne ill fifteen mlllutes, a sudden rage came over (4) . . • . . . . . , and (5) . threw (6) . ,'" ugninst a wall. 'The phone broke and (7) . . . . fe lt rcally huppy,' (8) , , , , , , , . , , snid. The thing was becommg a nuisance to (9) , . , , , . My wife has thrown her phone away too, and (10) . . thinks life is much nicer without (11) . , .•. . , . , . Our phone bills are lower because (i2 1. . . make fewer (;alls. Mobile phones had made slav es of ( 13) , . It sounds Cnl1.y. but I can Qss ure (14 ) . . . . . it's tnJe.' 14 6 lBB . Quanllfiefs 290 Personal pronouns Say what each pronoun means Gem'Tl:!' Anita: Gemma : Anita ' Gemma: Nil!;! : Gemm:l; Do you thinl::: Ka re n fanci es S imon? I dun 't kno\\ ', What m k e, you think that ? Just th e way she looks at him some times. Rut he's such 3n idiot. I saw them together al luru .: h tiJII~ yesterday. Well, yOU never know. Maybe you're nghl. They s<.ty lo ve is blind. don', rlu)y? I don't know why we 're still Sluing here gossiping It's two o'clock. 291 Personal pronouns Put in the pronouns. yOll :" I 1= 2you=. 3 she = 4 him :: 5 he = 6 Iht!1lI = ~ Finder 175-176 . . . . . . . . . 7yo ll = • . •. . •.•• . Ilyou= . . . • . . • . • • 9they = .• . • . • • 10 1= II we = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Z it =. •••••• • • • • • •••• • • •• • • ~ Finder 175-176 ~ ]-lf l\l C . . jD! ~ , . seen PUll! reccnt!y '( Y es . I saw . J? , ~ . , ye:ne rda y at the club Who' s taken Ihe glasses Ih al were on Ihe tabl e, " I put , , in (he kitchen, 2 ",', , , .'s very difficult to crOSi\ thi s roat\. - Yes ,. , .' re rIght. ' , , think. . , . . . . should pul a c rossin~ here, Thai's my opmion anyway. 3 Arc these boltlcs rea ll y wonh req'<:Iing? - Ye s, of course . . arc . . . . , " .' re alt resp oml b le ror the stale of the planet, don', forget. 4 ., .'5 one o' do ck III the morning. And, , , have to get up .11 S IX Well, no wonder you' rc tired. Remember what , . ' " ' , say: , can 't burn the candle at bOlh end s, 5 Has Mrs Wilson decided who the new supervisor IS going to be? And will he a man or a woman? _N o" """, . hasn't decided ye t But whoever thc successful applic.tnt is, . . \\'111 be s lan ing on Monda y. 292 Noun or pronoun? ~ Finder 175E look at each phrase In italics and decide If it should be replaced with a pronoun , If 50, cross it out and write the pronoun. If not , put a tick, (This is a matter of good style rather than correct grammar, Sometimes it is possible to use ei ther a noun or a pronoun ,) Ba ck In the 19 7 Qs Bill Gates and Paul All en were at hi gh school in Seattle. ( , ) Bill and Paul . . : , ,were gre at fricnd~, and ( ~ ) /Jill tN'll! Pmti . . ~~tJ . . were both interested In COlllputers and in wrlllllg programs for ( I) computers . . ' , . . ,. In 19 75 the first personal cumputer ca me on the markct, a very pnmitive rnadlllle by tnday's standards"At rIllS tnne 290 . P erso nal pronoun s 1 4i [...]... long-running soup upera 6 I was studying all the sources of information I had found closely 7 I enjoyed the party very much 8 Joanna fast ened securely the rope, . Finder 16 6-1 74 Finder 16 6-1 74 21 16 . QlhUI(I!lcrs 145 288 Quantifiers Finder 16 6-1 74 Write a second sentence so that it has a similar meaning Us e the word in brackets. II- Much. (fcwfhild/pro blcm s/ thcm / vcryfwc'vefwithl . - . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Come on, do n't spoil the party. (d/bit/(;o uld /~nt hu!loim . mllittlc /o f / !'lh()w /youJ 2 76 Whole and part quantities. only nine people t: allle. . . . -1 I only needed twel ve vote s, and J gut tw ent y- two. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . 5 I( tukes half an hour to