View Manager Administration Guide phần 6 potx

VMware, Inc. 91 Chapter 5 Client Management VirtualPrintingconsistsofaguestcomponent(.printClient)whichresideswithinthe ViewClientorViewClientwithOfflineDesktopapplication,andahostcomponent (.printEngine)whichispartoftheViewAgentserviceontheViewManagerdesktop. Jobsaresentby.printEngineto.printClientoveranRDPconnection. Whereaus erhasadministrativeprivileges,printerdriverscanstillbeinstalledonthe ViewManagerdesktop;thisactiondoesnotinterferewiththevirtualprinting component. To configure a virtual printer instance on the View Manager desktop 1ClickStart>Settings>PrintersandFaxes.ThePrintersandFaxeswindowis displayed. 2Right‐clickanyofthelocallyav ailableprintersandselectPropertiesfromthe contextmenu.Youarepresentedwiththeprintpropertieswindowassociatedwith theselectedprinter. 3 SelecttheThinPrintDeviceSetuptab. 4Usingtheslider,selectanoptionforprintdatacompression:  Noimages—Onlytextisprinted.  Extreme—Imagesarecompressedwithmaximumpossiblecompressionrate withoutregardtoimagequality.  Maximum—Imagesarecompressedwithgoodquality.  Optimal—Imagesarecompressedwithoptimalquality.  Normal EnableordisabletheduplexandShowtrayselectioncheckboxesasrequired. 5 SelecttheGeneraltabandclickPrintingPreferences. 6Editthepageandcolorsettings;thedefaultvaluesareacquiredfromthehost printer. N OTEOnanofflinedesktop,.printEngineusesanamedpipe(Com1:)topassprint datato.printClient. View Manager Administration Guide 92 VMware, Inc. 7ClicktheAdvancedtab.Iftheprinterinstalledonthehostsupportstheseoptions, editthefollowingsettingsfordouble‐sidedprinting:Longedgeforportraitor Shortedgeforlandscapeprinting. Toprevieweachprintoutonthehost,enablePreviewonclientbeforeprinting. Fromthispreview,youcanuseanyprin terwithallitsavailableproperties. 8ClicktheAdjustmenttabtoviewtheautomaticprintadjustmentoptions.VMware recommendsthatyouretainthedefaultsettings. 9ClickApplyorOK.ClickOKtoclosetheprintpropertieswindow. VMware, Inc. 93 6 TheViewComposerfeatureprovidesaversatileandhighlystorage‐efficient alternativetocreatingandmanagingmanystandalonevirtualmachines.Thischapter providesanoverviewofViewComposerfunctionalityofViewManager. Inadditiontoofferingaconceptualoverviewofhowlinkedclonedesktopsarecreated withinVirtualCenterbyViewComposerandmanagedbyVi ewManager,the followingsectionsdescribehowtoprepareVirtualCenterandabasevirtualmachine imageforuseinaViewComposerdeployment. Thischapterdiscussesthefollowingtopics:  “OverviewofViewComposer”onpage 93  “PreparingVirtualCenterforViewComposer”onpage 102  “PreparingaParentVM”onpage 106  “DeployingLinkedCloneDesktopsfromViewManager”onpage 108  “Refreshing,Recomposing,andRebalancingLinkedCloneDesktops”onpage 116  “UsinganExistingLinkedCloneDesktopDatabase”onpage 120 Overview of View Composer TheViewComposerfeatureenablesViewManageradministratorstorapidlycloneand deploymultipledesktopsfromasinglecentralizedbaseimage,calledaParentVM. Oncethedesktopshavebeencreatedtheyremainindirectlylinkedtoasnapshot residingontheParentVM. View Composer 6 View Manager Administration Guide 94 VMware, Inc. Thelinkisindirectbecausethefirsttimeoneormoredesktopclonesarecreated,a uniquelyidentifiedcopyoftheParentVM—calledareplica—isalsocreated.Allthe desktopclonesareanchoreddirectlytothereplicaandnottotheParentVM.Desktops ofthistypearecalledlinkedclonede sktops. TheParentVMcanbeupdatedorreplacedwithoutdirectlyaffectingthelinkedclone desktopsandcanthereforecanbeviewedasastandalonevirtualmachine.Thissetof relationshipsisillustratedinFigure 6‐1. Figure 6-1. Parent VM, Linked Replica, and Desktop Clones Becauseallthelinkedclonedesktopsinthisenvironmentareconnectedtoacommon source,ViewComposerpermitsthecentralizedmanagementofdesktopswhile maintainingaseamlessuserexperience.Taskssuchasresettingeachsystemtoits defaultconfiguration,balancingstorage,installingsoftware,andapplyingservice packsaregreatlyacceleratedbythistypeofdeployment. ViewManageradministratorscansimultaneouslyupdate(orchange)theoperating sy stemsofalllinkedclonedesktops,installorupdateclientapplications,ormodifythe desktophardwaresettingsbycarryingouttheseactivitiesontheParentVMandthen anchoringthelinkedclonestoanewsnapshotofthisconfiguration.Thisactioniscalled desktoprecomposition. N OTEIfareplicaisdeletedthedesktopsanchoredtothemwillceasetowork,so replicasaretreatedasprotectedentitieswithinVirtualCenter. base image + snapshot user data disk replica OS data disk user data disk OS data disk parent VM can be on a different datastore clone 1 clone 2 VMware, Inc. 95 Chapter 6 View Composer Administratorscanalsoreturntheoperatingsystemdataofeachlinkedclone desktop—whichmayhaveexpandedthroughongoingusage—toitsoriginalstate (that oftheParentVM)bycarryingoutanactioncalleddesktoprefresh. ViewAdministratordeliversahigh‐leveloverviewofwhatactionsarebeingcarried out.Policiescancontrolwhatactio nsareexecutedandatwhattimeinorderto minimizedisruptiontotheuserbase.Connecteduserscanbenotifiedwithcustom messagesifanupdatethatwillaffecttheirsessionisabouttotakeplace. Linked Clone Desktop Disk Usage Theinitialdiskusageofalinkedclonevirtualmachineisfarlowerthanthatofafull clonebecausetheoperatingsystemandclientapplicationsarederivedfromaParent VM.Thegreatlyreducedstorageoverheadforoperatingsystemanduserdatais accomplishedthroughtheuseofdeltadisksandthinprovision ing. Everynewdesktopcreatedinastandard(non‐linkedclone)automatedpoolisa duplicateofabasetemplate.Consequently,eachstandardcloneusesthesameamount ofdiskspaceasthebasetemplatebecausetheoperatingsystemdataanduserdataof thebasetemplateisreplicatedbyev eryclonecreatedinthepool. ViewComposergreatlyreducesthephysicalstorageoverheadoflinkedclonedesktop poolsthroughuseofdeltadisks:abstractstoragemechanismswhoselogicalsizecanbe greaterthantheirphysicalsize.Thindiskgrowthdependsonfactorssuchasworkload, power‐offpolicy,pooltypeandsoforth. Inali nkedclonedeployment,deltadisksareusedbythedesktoptostorethedata differencebetweenitsownoperatingsystemandtheoperatingsystemoftheParent VMfromwhichitisderived.Immediatelyafterdeployment,thedifferencebetweenthe ParentVMandeachofit slinkedclonesisextremelysmall;thus,thedeltadiskisalso extremelysmall. Becausethedeltadisksforeachdesktopwillinevitablygrowovertime,duringlinked clonedeploymentyoucandefinethemaximumallowablesizeofeachvirtualmachine, uptotheoriginalsizeoftheParentVM.Theamountofdi skspacerequiredtostorethe differencebetweenthelinkedcloneoperatingsystemdataandParentVMoperating systemdatawilltypicallyremainfarsmallerthanthatrequiredbyastandardclone.If thesizeofthedeltadiskgetstoolargeitcanbereturnedtoitsba selinestatebycarrying outadesktoprefresh. N OTELinkedclonescanalsobeanchoredtoanewsnapshotofacompletelydifferent ParentVM. View Manager Administration Guide 96 VMware, Inc. Thinprovisioneddisks(thindisks)areusedbythelinkedclonestostoreuserdata,and arenotlinkedtotheParentVM.Thistypeofdiskoccupiesnomorespacethanthat requiredbythedataitcontainsbutdoesnotreduceinsizeifdataisremoved.These disksarenotaffectedbyrecompositionorrefreshev ents. Storage Overcommit Whenthedatastoreforanewlinkedclonedesktoppoolisbeingassigned, administratorscancontrolhowaggressivelythesystemassignsnewvirtualmachines tothefreespaceavailableonthedatastorebymodifyingthestorageovercommit property. Whenthestorageovercommitlevelislow,themajorityoffreespaceisusedasbuffe r inwhichthedeltadisksforeachclonecanexpand.Astheovercommitlevelincreases, lessspaceisreservedforindividualdeltadiskgrowthbutmorevirtualmachineswill fitonthedatastore. Averyaggressivelevelofstorageovercommitresultsinarelativelysmallamountof spacebeingre servedfordeltadiskexpansion;however,administratorscanaddalotof extravirtualmachinestothedatastoreiftheypredictthatthedeltadisksofeachvirtual machinewillnevergrowtotheirmaximumpossiblesize. Whileahighovercommitlevelmaybeoptimalforcreatingalargenumberofvi rtual machines,adesktoppoolofthistypealsodemandsmoreattentionfromthe administratorinordertoensurethattheremainingdiskspaceisnotcompletely consumedbyvirtualmachineexpansion.Thisconditioncanbepreventedby periodicallyrefreshingorrebalancingthedesktoppoolandreducingthesizeofthe ope ratingsystemdatatoitsbaselinelevel. Storageovercommitlevelscanbevariedbetweendifferenttypesofdatatstoresinorder toaddressthedifferentlevelsofthroughputoneachdatastore(forexample,NAS versusSAN).Wherethroughputisrelativelyslow,theovercommitlevelcanbesettoa lowerleveltoensurethatasmallernu mberofclonesarecreatedonthedatastore. Conversely,ahigherlevelofovercommitcouldbeappliedtodatastoresthatexhibita greaterrateofdatatransfer. Storageovercommitonlyappliestodeltadisks.Itdoesnotapplytouserdisksor standard(nonlinked)cloneswhereth indisksareused. Desktop Recomposition InFigure 6‐2anassigneddesktopcloneislinkedtoreplica1,whichitselfisacopyof ParentVM1.Arecompositionactionisinitiatedwhentheadministratorselectsa differentsnapshotinthesameParentVMordifferentParentVM(asinthisexample). Ineithercaseanewre plicaisprovisioned. VMware, Inc. 97 Chapter 6 View Composer Figure 6-2. Desktop Recomposition Replica2isanexactcopyofParentVM2.Whentherecompositionactioniscomplete thedesktopwillbeanchoredtoreplica2andtheoperatingsystemdatamodified accordingly.Theoperatingsystemdataofarecomposeddesktopisreducedinsizeafter recomposition,howevertheuserdataisunaffectedbythisev ent. Source Virtual Machine Recompositionisexpeditedthroughtheuseofanadditionalprotectedlinkedclone desktopinVirtualCenter—calledasourcevirtualmachine—thatiscreatedalongside thereplicawhenalinkedclonedesktoppoolisfirstdeployed. Whenarecompositioneventtakesplace,thesourcevirtualmachineisthefirstdesktop toberecomposedagainstanewsnapshot.Vi ewComposerremovestheexistinglinked clonedesktoppoolfromVirtualCenterandthencopiesthesourcevirtualmachineas manytimesasnecessaryinordertoreplaceit. Thismethodofpoolgenerationoptimizestherecompositionprocessandistypically muchfasterthanindividuallyrecomposingeachlinkedcl onedesktopinthepool. N OTEThesourcevirtualmachineislocatedwiththereplicainsideafoldercalled VMwareViewComposerReplicaFolderinVirtualCenter. base image + snapshot bloated OS data disk refreshed OS data disk user data disk user data disk replica 2— new base image after recomposition replica 1 parent VM 1 base image + snapshot parent VM 2 recompose View Manager Administration Guide 98 VMware, Inc. Desktop Refresh Adesktoprefreshissimilartoadesktoprecompositionbutwithoutanychangetothe baseimage.Thisactioniscarriedoutinordertorestorethesystemdataforadesktop pooltoabaselinestateandtherebyreducethesizeoftheoperatingsystemdataofeach attachedclone. Ade sktoprefreshcanbecarriedouteitherondemand,asatimedevent,orwhenthe operatingsystemdatareachesaspecifiedsize.Figure 6‐3illustratestheeffectofthis action—notethattheuserdatadiskremainsunaffectedbythisevent. Figure 6-3. Desktops Refresh Itisimportanttooccasionallyrefreshtheattachedsy stemsinordertopreventthe desktopclonesgrowingtothesizeofafullvirtualmachine.Ifalltheanchoredvirtual machinesarelefttogrowuncheckedthenallfreespaceremainingonthedatastore couldberapidlyconsumed—particularlyifthestorageovercommitlevelisparticularly aggressive. Desktop Rebalance Alogicaldriveisastructurecreatedonasubsystemfordatastoragethatisdefinedover asetofdrivescalledanarray.Logicaldrives—oftenreferredtoasLUNs,whichstands forLogicalUnitNumberandrepresentstheidentifierahostusestoaccessthelogical drive—arethelogicalsegmentationofarrays. base image + snapshot replica 1 parent VM refresh user data disk bloated OS data disk refreshed OS data disk user data disk VMware, Inc. 99 Chapter 6 View Composer IfadministratorsarecreatinglargepoolsofdesktopsandareusingmultipleLUNs, thereisapossibilitythatthespaceisnotbeingusedefficientlyiftheinitialsizingwas inaccurate.Figure 6‐4showsanumberofvirtualdesktops,distributedunevenlyover twoLUNs. Figure 6-4. Desktop Rebalance – Before base image + snapshot OS data disk user data disk replica 1 parent VM LUN A OS data disk user data disk OS data disk user data disk OS data disk user data disk replica 2 LUN B free space View Manager Administration Guide 100 VMware, Inc. RebalancingtheLUNsevenlydistributesanyselected(orall)virtualmachinesbetween theavailablelogicaldriv es.ThisresultofthisactionisillustratedinFigure 6‐5. Figure 6-5. Desktop Rebalance – After base image + snapshot user data diskOS data disk replica 1 parent VM LUN A user data disk OS data disk user data diskOS data disk user data disk OS data disk replica 2 LUN B free space free space [...]... data source name (DSN) must be created in order to store linked clone desktops 102 VMware, Inc Chapter 6 View Composer Adding the View Composer Service to VirtualCenter View Composer is used by View Manager to create and deploy linked clone desktops  from VirtualCenter. During the installation of the service you are offered the  opportunity to specify which port the service should use to communicate with View Connection Server. If Windows firewall is running on the VirtualCenter system you ... Administration Guide VirtualCenter User Permissions If the View Manager user is not an administrator in VirtualCenter you must assign a  role to the VirtualCenter user entry in order to confer upon it the appropriate level of  authority over the objects it creates and manages In addition to the standard privileges described in “VirtualCenter Permissions for View Manager Users” on page 36,  the View Composer service requires that you enable some ... The installation wizard opens. Click Next 2 VMware, Inc Accept the VMware license terms and click Next 107 View Manager Administration Guide 3 Choose your custom setup options. You must install the View Manager Composer  Agent, however you may also select or deselect the following features: Install the View Secure Authentication component if you want to install the  Graphical Identification and Authentication (GINA) dynamic‐link library. ... 1 06 VMware, Inc Chapter 6 View Composer System disk contains a single volume (multiple virtual disks are supported) CAUTION   Do not attempt to deploy clones from a Parent VM that contains more than  one volume as the result of disk partitioning. Multiple partitions are not supported by  the View Composer service The View Agent service is installed and is running NOTE   For automated updating of View Agent in large environments, VMware ... ipconfig /release Installing the View Agent on the Parent VM If it is not already present, you must install the View Agent on the Parent VM in order  to allow the View Connection Server to communicate with the desktop clones created  from the base image To install View Agent 1 Run the View Agent installation program, where xxx is the build number of the  executable file: VMware-viewagent-xxx.exe The installation wizard opens. Click Next... User for View Composer View Composer requires the credentials of domain user account with the requisite level  of domain administration authority to add systems to a domain. While you may use an  existing domain administrator account for this role, it is strongly recommended that  your Active Directory administrator creates a user account specifically for this purpose VMware, Inc 103 View Manager Administration. .. In the Server field, enter the server details in the form \, where  is the name of the host system and  is the  SQL Server instance. For example: VCHOST1\SQLEXP_VIM Click Next VMware, Inc 105 View Manager Administration Guide 6 Ensure that the Connect to SQL Server to obtain default settings for the  additional configuration options checkbox is selected and select one of the  following options: If you are using local SQL Server, select Windows NT authentication. It is also ... This can help minimize the space requirements of the pool. Similarly, non‐persistent  pools can be set to delete after first use, which reduces the number of inactive desktops  in the pool overall VMware, Inc 101 View Manager Administration Guide QuickPrep QuickPrep is a system tool executed by View Composer during a linked clone desktop  deployment that is responsible for personalizing each desktop created from the Parent  VM. During the initial startup of each new desktop, QuickPrep ensures that the system ... Once View Agent has been installed on the base image you must use VirtualCenter to  take a snapshot of the system in its powered‐down state. This snapshot will be used as  the baseline configuration for the first set of linked clone desktops anchored to the  Parent VM NOTE   The Parent VM must be completely shut down before you take the snapshot Deploying Linked Clone Desktops from View Manager View Manager can only deploy linked clone desktops if it is able to communicate with ... must add this port to the exception list or deactivate the local firewall service.  The following procedure describes how to install the View Composer service on the  VirtualCenter server, and configure it to use a datasource that is dedicated to the  storage of linked clones Install the View Composer Service 1 Run the View Composer service installation program, where xxx is the build  number of the executable file: VMware-viewcomposer-xxx.exe 2 Accept the VMware license terms and click Next . name>,where<hostname>isthenameofthehostsystemand<databa se>isthe SQLServerinstance.Forexample: VCHOST1SQLEXP_VIM ClickNext. N OTEIfaSQLserverdoesnotresideontheVirtualCenterhostsystemorelsewhere withinyourenvironmentyoumustinstalloneasthe View Composerserviceinstaller doesnotincludeadatabase. View Manager Administration Guide 1 06 VMware, Inc. 6EnsurethattheConnecttoSQLServertoobtaindefaultsettingsforthe additionalconfigurationoptionscheckboxisselectedandselectoneofthe followingoptions: . Ifonedoesnotalreadyexistwithinyournetworkenvironment,adatabaseand datasourcename(DSN)mustbecreatedinordertostorelinkedclonedesktops. VMware, Inc. 103 Chapter 6 View Composer Adding the View Composer Service to VirtualCenter View Composerisusedby View Manager tocreateanddeploylinkedclonedesktops fromVirtualCenter. Composer View Composerrequiresthecredentialsofdomainuseraccountwiththerequisitelevel ofdomain administration authoritytoaddsystemstoadomain.Whileyoumayusean existingdomainadministratoraccountforthisrole,itisstronglyrecommendedthat yourActiveDirectoryadministratorcreatesauseraccountspecificallyforthispur pose. View Manager Administration Guide 104 VMware, Inc. VirtualCenter User Permissions Ifthe View Manager userisnotanadministratorinVirtualCenteryoumustassigna roletotheVirtualCenteruserentryinordertoconferuponittheappropriatelevelof authorityovertheobjectsitcreatesandmanages. Inadditiontothestandardprivilegesdescribedin“VirtualCenterPermissionsfor View Manager Us ers”onpage