Vocab English 2 (Reading) pps

bureau de change noun / bjʊərəʊ də'ʆɒndʒ / plural a shop where you can change foreign money checking account [countable] a bank account that you can take money out of at any time, and fo

Theme 1: Banking and Finance

balance / 'bæləns /

1 [countable] the amount of money that you have in your bank account

 My bank balance isn't very healthy.

2 [countable] the balance of a debt is the amount of money that you still owe after you have paid

some of it

 The balance is due at the end of the month.

bureau de change noun / bjʊərəʊ də'ʆɒndʒ / plural a shop where you can change foreign money

checking account [countable] a bank account that you can take money out of at any time, and for which you are given checks to use to pay for things

savings account noun [countable] a bank account in which you keep money that you want to save for a period of time, and which pays you interest on the money you have in it

debit card noun [countable] a plastic card with your signature on that you can use to pay for things The money is taken directly from your bank account

credit card noun [countable] a small plastic card that you use to buy goods or services and pay for them later

 We accept all major credit cards

denomination noun / dɪnɒmɪ'neɪʆən / [countable] the value shown on a coin, paper money,

or a stamp

deposit noun / dɪ'pɒzɪt / [countable]

1 a part of the cost of something you are buying that you pay some time before you pay the rest of

it

 a deposit of/ put down a deposit (on something)

 A deposit of 10% is required.

 We put down a deposit on a house last week.

 We ask for one month's rent in advance, plus a deposit of $500.

2 an amount of money that is paid into a bank account ￚ opposite withdrawal

 deposit into

 I'd like to make a deposit (=pay some money) into my savings account.

ceiling noun / 'siːlɪŋ / [countable] the largest number or amount of something that is officially allowed

 ceiling of

 impose/set/put a ceiling (on something)

 raise/lower the ceiling (on something)

 a public spending ceiling of £240 billion

 The government imposed a ceiling on imports of foreign cars

direct debit noun [uncountable and countable] an instruction you give your bank to pay money directly out of your account regularly to a particular person or organization

interest rate noun [countable] the percentage amount charged by a bank etc when you borrow money or paid to you by a bank when you keep money in an account there

loan noun / ləʊn / [countable] an amount of money that you borrow from a bank etc

 a loan of

 a loan of £60,000

 I had to take out a loan to buy my car

 It'll be years before we've paid off the loan

 The organization was allowed to make loans to private businesses

 An interest-free loan fund is available for students who find themselves in unforeseen

financial difficulty

 They were unable to keep up with their loan repayments.

mortgage noun / 'mɔːgɪdʒ/ [countable] a legal arrangement by which you borrow money from

a bank or similar organization in order to buy a house, and pay back the money over a period of years

 They've taken out a 30 year mortgage (=they will pay for their house over a period of 30

years)

 We decided to use Fred's redundancy money to pay off the mortgage

 Mortgage rates are set to rise again in the spring

 She was having trouble meeting her mortgage payments.

mortgage verb [transitive] if you mortgage your home, land, or property, you borrow money, usually from a bank, and if you cannot pay back the money within a particular period of time, the bank has the right to sell your property in order to get the money you owe it

 We mortgaged our house to start Paul's business.

overdraft noun / 'əʊvədrɑːft / [countable] the amount of money you owe to a bank when you

payee noun / peɪ 'iː / [countable] the person or organization to whom money, especially a check, must be paid

remittance noun / rɪ'mɪtəns /

1 [countable] formal an amount of money that you send to pay for something

2 [uncountable] when you send money

 on remittance of something

 We will forward the goods on remittance of £10.

standing order noun [uncountable and countable] an arrangement by which a bank pays a fixed amount of money from your account every month, year etc ￚ see also direct debit

statement noun / 'steɪtmənt / [countable] a record showing amounts of money paid, received, owed etc

 I haven't received my bank statement for last month yet.

transfer verb / træns 'fɜː/ [transitive] to move money from one account or institution to another

 transfer something (from something) to something

 I'd like to transfer $500 to my checking account.

traveler’s check an internationally accepted check for a sum in a particular currency that can

be exchanged elsewhere for local currency or for goods and is usually guaranteed against loss or theft

recognize verb /'rekəgnaɪz/[transitive] [not in progressive] to know who someone is or what something is, because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past

 I didn't recognize you in your uniform

 It was malaria, but Dr Lee hadn't recognized the symptoms.

realize verb /'rɪəlaɪz/ to know and understand something, or suddenly begin to understand it

 realize (that)

 realize who/what/how etc

 I suddenly realized that the boy was crying.

 I'm sorry, I didn't realize who you were.

at somebody's convenience =at a time that is best and easiest for someone

 These meals can be prepared in advance, and served at your convenience.

for somebody's convenience

 For your convenience, the bank is open until 7 p.m.

authorize verb /'ɔːθəraɪz /[transitive] to give official permission for something

 authorize somebody to do something

 The city council authorized staff to purchase a new computer system.

p.a. = per annum

 a salary of $40,000 per annum

retain verb / rɪ 'teɪn / [transitive] to keep something or continue to have something

 You have the right to retain possession of the goods

 The state wants to retain control of food imports.

collective adjective / kə'lektɪv / [only before noun] shared or made by every member of a group

or society

 a collective decision made by all board members

 our collective responsibility for the environment

affective adjective / ə 'fektɪv / (medical) relating to or having an effect on the emotions

 affective disorders

terminate verb / 'tɜːmɪneɪt / = end

 The court ruled that the contract must be terminated.

effective adjective / ɪ'fektɪv /

1 successful, and working in the way that was intended

 the most effective ways of reducing inner city congestion

2 [no comparative, not before noun] if a law, agreement, or system becomes effective, it officially starts

 effective from

 The cut in interest rates is effective from Monday.

Theme 2: Marketing

advertising / 'ædvətaɪzɪŋ / [uncountable] the activity or business of advertising things on television, in newspapers etc

 television/radio/newspaper advertising

 advertising campaign/strategy

 Both candidates are spending millions on television advertising

 the advertising slogan 'Come alive with Pepsi'

advertisement noun / əd 'vɜːtɪsmənt / [countable]

 advertisement for

 The Sunday papers are full of advertisements for cars

 They put an advertisement in The Morning News, offering a high salary for the right

person

 The organizers of the concert had taken out a full page advertisement in The New York

Times

brand noun / brænd / [countable] a type of product made by a particular company, that has a particular name or design

 brand of

 What brand of detergent do you use?

distribute verb / dɪ 'strɪbjuːt / [transitive]

1 to share things among a group of people, especially in a planned way

 distribute something among/to somebody

 Clothes and blankets have been distributed among the refugees.

 a man distributing leaflets to passers-by

2 to supply goods to shops and companies so that they can sell them

 Milk is distributed to the local shops by Herald's Dairies.

innovation noun / ɪnə'veɪʆən / [ Countable and Uncountable ] a new idea, method, or invention

 innovation in

 recent innovations in English teaching

 We must encourage innovation if the company is to remain competitive.

 Many people feel bewildered by the speed of technological innovation.

objective noun / əb 'dʒektɪv / [countable] = goal

 He vowed to achieve certain objectives before the end of his presidency.

 The degree program has two main objectives.

 Managers should set specific performance objectives for their teams.

 The main objective was to improve children's knowledge of geography.

profit noun / 'prɒfɪt / [uncountable and countable] money that you gain by selling things or doing business, after your costs have been paid ￚ opposite: loss

 Our daily profit is usually around $500.

 They sold their house at a healthy profit.

 Few independent movies turn a profit

 The property company made a huge profit on the deal

 Profits are up by a third.

 Marston’s profits rose last year to $17 million.

 The group’s pre-tax profits slumped to £25.5m.

promote verb / prə'məʊt / [transitive]

1 ▶ENCOURAGE◀

 a meeting to promote trade between Taiwan and the U.K

2 ▶BETTER JOB◀

 promote somebody to something

 Helen was promoted to senior manager.

3 To help sell a new product, film etc by offering it at a reduced price or by advertising it

 She's in London to promote her new book.

purchase verb / 'pɜːtʆəs / [transitive] = buy something

 You can purchase insurance on-line

 Where did you purchase the car?

 Tickets may be purchased in advance from the box office.

purchase noun [uncountable and countable] formal something you buy, or the act of buying it

 day/date/time of purchase

 She paid for her purchases and left

 This product should be consumed on the day of purchase.

 I enclose my receipt as proof of purchase.

resource noun / rɪ 'zɔːs /

1 ▶LAND/OIL/COAL ETC◀

 Canada's vast mineral resources

 a country which is rich in natural resources

2 ▶MONEY/PROPERTY ETC◀ all the money, property, skills etc that you have available to use when you need them

 She had no financial resources.

 pool your resources (=put together all the resources that each of you can provide)

revenue noun / 'revənjuː/ money that a business or organization receives over a period of time, especially from selling goods or services

 Strikes have cost £20 million in lost revenues.

 an increase in tax revenues of 8.4%

revise verb / rɪ'vaɪz / [transitive] to change something because of new information or ideas

 The college has revised its plans because of local objections

 We have revised our estimates of population growth.

deadline noun / 'dedlaɪn / [countable] a date or time by which you have to do or complete something

 deadline for something/ deadline of something

 meet/miss a deadline

 set/impose a deadline

 tight/strict deadline (=a deadline that is difficult)

 The deadline for applications is May 27th.

 It has to be in before the deadline of July 1st.

 working under pressure to meet a deadline

 They've set a deadline of Nov 5

submit verb / səb'mɪt / to give a plan, piece of writing etc to someone in authority for them to consider or approve

 submit an application/claim/proposal etc

 All applications must be submitted by Monday

submission noun / səb'mɪʆən /

in-house adjective, adverb working within a company or organization

 We have an in-house training unit

caring adjective / 'keərɪŋ / thinking about what other people need or want and trying to help them

 a warm and caring man

 a caring attitude

 The school aims to educate children in a caring environment.

focus verb / 'fəʊkəs / to give special attention to one particular person or thing

 focus on something; focus your attention/mind/efforts on something

 He felt he needed to focus more on his career.

 She tried to focus her mind on her work

 We need to focus public attention on this issue.

Theme 3: Hospitality

hospitality noun / hɒspɪ'tæləti / [uncountable]

1 friendly behavior towards visitors

 Thanks for your hospitality over the past few weeks.

2 services such as food and drink that an organization provides for guests at a special event

 Improving customer service is complex and fundamental to all sectors of the hospitality industry.

bartender / 'bɑːtendə/ someone who makes, pours, and serves drinks in a bar or restaurant

beverage noun / 'bevərɪdʒ / [countable] a hot or cold drink

 alcoholic beverages

catering noun / 'keɪtərɪŋ / [uncountable] the activity of providing and serving food and drinks at parties, meetings etc for money

 Who did the catering?

 catering business/service etc

cater verb / 'keɪtə/ [intransitive and transitive] to provide and serve food and drinks at a party, meeting etc, usually as a business

 cater for

 This is the biggest event we've ever catered for.

 The hostel caters for single people who are unable to find affordable accommodation.

cocktail lounge noun a public room in a hotel, restaurant etc, where you can buy alcoholic drinks

complimentary adjective / kɒmplɪ'mentəri / given free to people

 There was a complimentary bottle of champagne in the hotel room

 I've got some complimentary tickets for the theatre tonight.

hygiene noun / 'haɪdʒiːn / [uncountable] the practice of keeping yourself and the things around you clean in order to prevent diseases

 good/poor/proper hygiene

 the importance of personal hygiene

 a food hygiene training course

 The restaurant had been shut down following complaints of poor hygiene.

front desk noun [uncountable] the desk where visitors go when they arrive at a hotel or organization

housekeeper noun / 'haʊs kiːpə / [countable] someone who is employed to manage the cleaning, cooking etc in a house or hotel

landlord noun / 'lændlɔːd / [countable] a man who rents a room, building, or piece of land to someone

premise noun / 'premɪs / premises [plural] the buildings and land that a shop, restaurant, company etc uses

 off the premises; on the premises

 Schools may earn extra money by renting out their premises.

 The manager escorted him off the premises.

 The wonderful desserts are made on the premises.

reservation noun / rezə 'veɪʆən / [countable] = booking

 Customers are advised to make seat reservations well in advance.

 Groups of ten or more should make advance reservations.

 Many newcomers were upset that they would be unable to camp there after having made reservations months in advance.

reserve verb / rɪ 'zɜːv / [transitive] = book

 reserve something for somebody/something

 I'd like to reserve a table for two.

 Do you have to reserve tickets in advance?

seasonal adjective / 'siːzənəl / [usually before noun] happening, expected, or needed during a particular season

 seasonal workers/employment etc

 seasonal jobs in the tourist industry

take advantage of something (to do something) to use a particular situation to do

or get what you want

 I took advantage of the good weather to paint the shed

 You'll want to take full advantage of the beachfront clubs.

pick verb / pɪk / [transitive] choose a person or thing because they are the best or most suitable

 pick somebody/something for something

 pick somebody/something as something

 pick somebody to do something

 Students have to pick three courses from a list of 15 I

 I wasn't picked for the hockey team.

 The hotel was picked as the best small hotel in the area.

 He was picked to run in the 100 meters.

minor noun [countable] someone who is below the age at which they become legally responsible for their actions

 This film contains material unsuitable for minors.

tolerate verb / 'tɒləreɪt / [transitive]

1 to allow people to do, say, or believe something without criticizing or punishing them

 Drug dealers will not be tolerated in this community.

2 = stand, bear

 I told him I wasn't going to tolerate his drinking any longer.

 For years the workers have had to tolerate low wages and terrible working conditions.

license noun /'laɪsəns/ [countable] an official document giving you permission to own or do something for a period of time

 The dealers applied for an export license

 He was arrested for driving without a license

 The Tennessee Valley Authority applied for a license to operate the facility

 I forgot to renew my driving license

licensed adjective / 'laɪsənst / having a license to sell alcoholic drinks

 a licensed restaurant

accidental adjective / æksɪ'dentl / happening without being planned or intended opposite:

deliberate

 Buy an insurance policy that covers accidental damage

comply verb / kəm 'plaɪ / to do what you have to do or are asked to do

 comply with

 Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution.

 Companies must comply with European employment laws.

 The gas stations that fail to comply with the law will be fined.