Concurrency Legacy LanguagesTechnical Challenges Real-timeComplexity Embedded System – p 4/27... The Time to Market Challenge MarketWindow Typicaltime-to-marketconstraint: 8 months Time
Trang 2Spot the Computer
Embedded System – p 2/27
Trang 3Hidden Computers
Trang 4Concurrency Legacy Languages
Technical
Challenges
Real-timeComplexity
Embedded System – p 4/27
Trang 6Digital Camera
Block Diagram
Embedded System – p 6/27
Trang 7Design Challenge
Design optimal device that meets constraints on
PriceFunctionality
Time-to-market
Trang 8The Time to
Market Challenge
MarketWindow
Typicaltime-to-marketconstraint:
8 months
Time
Embedded System – p 8/27
Trang 9Revenue Model
Loss due to delay
Example: when W = 26 and D = 10 , fraction lost is about 50%.
Trang 10Nonrecurring engineering cost:
The cost of producing the first
one.
NRE cost dominates
Production cost dominates
log Volume
Low NRE, high production costs
High NRE, low production costs
Embedded System – p 10/27
Trang 13Moore’s Law
Gordon Moore, 1965: Exponential growth in the
number of transistors per IC
Source: Intel
Trang 151918 Sears
Roebuck Catalog
About $100 in today’s dollars
From Donald Norman, The Invisible Computer, 1998.
Trang 16Spectrum of IC
Full Custom
ASICGate Array
FPGAPLD
GP Processor
SP ProcessorMultifunction
function
Fixed-You choose
polygons (Intel)
circuit (Sony)wires
logic networklogic functionprogram (e.g., Pentium)program (e.g., DSP)
settings (e.g., Ethernet)part number (e.g., 74LS00)
Embedded System – p 16/27
Trang 17Highly programmableHigh power
Less detailed
No NRESlower
Trang 20Your Nemesis:
The Altera DE2
Embedded System – p 20/27
Trang 21DE2 Peripherals
Trang 22Structure
Three Introductory Labs: 1.5 weeks each
1.Access, modify, and display memory in VHDL
2.An Ethernet chat client (software only)
3.Either
a.an FM audio synthesizer;
b.a video bouncing ball; or
c.image convolution with a 3 × 3 kernel
The project: Design-your-own
Embedded System – p 22/27
Trang 23Custom
Project Ideas
Broadly: C + VHDL + peripheral(s)
Video game (e.g., Pac-Man)
Video effects processor
Digital picture frame
Serial terminal
Serial port monitor
Very fancy digital clock (w/ video)
Trang 24Ideas
Digital tone control
Digital sound effects processor
Real-time audio spectrum analyzer
Speech synthesizer
Internet radio
Embedded System – p 24/27
Trang 25from 2004
MIDI synthesizer
Line-following robot with video vision
SAE student vehicle telemetry system
Stereo video vision system
Pac-man-like video game
Internet video camera
Trang 26from 2005
Scrabble Timer
Scorched Earth Video Game
SAE Auto Shifter
Internet Radio Broadcaster
3D Maze Game
Voice-over-IP Telephone
JPEG decoder
Sokoban video game
Rally-X video game
Embedded System – p 26/27