tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009 Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE RESERVE, NGHE AN PROVINCE Hoang Ngoc Thao a, Nguyen Cu b Abstract.. Pu Huong Natu
Trang 1tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009
Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE RESERVE,
NGHE AN PROVINCE
Hoang Ngoc Thao (a), Nguyen Cu (b)
Abstract Pu Huong Nature Reserve (NR) is located in the western of Nghe An Province At present, the avifauna of the Pu Huong NR is still little known, especially for raptor species Observation of raptors in the Reserve was conducted within 2004 -
2007 A total of 21 species (included nocturnal and diurnal raptors) have been recorded The paper also provided distribution in different habitats types, conservation status, as well as all threats to the raptors in Pu Huong NR
I INTRODUCTION
Surveys on raptors in Vietnam were realized by authors: Nguyen Cu (1998) on distribution and status of raptors in Vietnam [7]; Nguyen Cu (2000) on conservation status of raptors in Annamese Lowlands [9]; Le Manh Hung (2002) survey on raptors in Vietnam [3]; Le Manh Hung and Nguyen Cu (2005) survey on raptor migration in Tam Dao, Xuan Thuy, Cuc Phuong in north Vietnam [4]…
Pu Huong NR situated in the mountainous area of western region of Nghe An province, North Central Vietnam (see map) It’s location from 19015' to 19029' N and from 104043' to 105000' E The reserve was proposed to establish in 1986, but it has been gazetted in 1997, with total area (final revised) of 49,806 ha and, the most of which covered by evergreen tropical forests, includes various of forest types, mainly
a primary and secondary evergreen forests, and mixed forest with bamboo Today, the Western Region of Nghe An Province is one of six World Biosphere reserves of Vietnam
The avifauna of the Pu Huong NR is poor known, especially raptors species and, this paper presenting the results of raptor species in the reserve within 2004 -
2007
II SURVEY AREA and Methods
2.1 Survey area
The primary and secondary evergreen forests, and mixed forest with bamboo are main types of forests which are covering the reserve
The bird surveys undertaken within 2004 - 2007 at twenty locations which are belong to four forest sectors of the reserve:
The locations of raptor surveys in Pu Huong NR included Six in Quy Hop forest sector: (1) Ha Na ridge, (2) Cay Xoan camp, (3) Co stream, (4) Bo Doi road, (5) Hin Dong stream, (6) La Han stream; Eight in Quy Chau forest sector: (7) Cuom village, (8) Nhap stream, (9) Phep stream, (10) Phep slope, (11) Cay De camp, (12)
Bo stream, (13) Trang Tranh stream, (14) Cua stream; Four in Que Phong forest sector: (15) Ta village, (16) Ta slope, (17) Huoi Lac stream, (18) Ton stream; Two in Tuong Duong forest sector: (19) Na Kho village and (20) Kho stream
NhËn bµi ngµy 11/2/2009 Söa ch÷a xong 27/5/2009.
Trang 2H N.c Thao, N Cu Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE , Tr 75-80 Following map shows Pu Huong NR in Nghe An Province:
2.2 Methods
Raptors were observed by as common methods used such as binoculars and together calling heard at night for the most of owl species Using drawings, photos
in the field guide books on observing natural birds: Boonsong Lekagul, Philip D Round, 1991 [1]; Nguyen Cu, Le Trong Trai, Karen Phillipps, 2000 [8]; Field guidebook on birds of Asian South East by Craig Robson, 2000, etc [10]
Using some raptor specimens which are maintaining in the bird collection of Vinh University, Nghe An Province Some species were recorded by documents [5, 6]
III RESULT AND discussion
3.1 Species composition of raptor in Pu Huong NR
Species composition of raptor in Pu Huong NR shows in table 1
Table 1: List of raptors were recorded in Pu Huong NR
Falconiformes
Hawks, Eagles
Accipitridae
1 Black Baza
Trang 3tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009
2 Black-shoudered Kite
3 Black Kite
4 Crested Serpent Eagle
Doc
5 Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle
6 Asian Crested Goshawk
Accipiter trivirgatus (Temminck, 1824) 9 1 S, Doc
7 Japanese Sparrowhawk
Accipiter gularis (Temminck &
Schlegel, 1844)
S
8 Eurasian Sparrowhawk
9 Indian Black Eagle
Ictinaetus malayensis (Temminck,
1822)
8,12,13,19 4
S
10 Rufous-bellied Eagle
Hieraaetus kienerii (Geoffroy
Saint-Hilaire, 1835)
(*)
Doc
11 Mountain Hawk Eagle
Spizaetus nipalensis (Hodgson, 1836) 9,12,13 4 S Falconidae
12 Pied Falconet
13 Common Kestrel
14 Oriental Hobby
Strigiformes
Owls - Strigidae
15 Mountain Scops Owl
Otus spilocephalus (Blyth, 1846) 2,7,8,11,12,13 6 C
16 Collared Scops Owl
Trang 4H N.c Thao, N Cu Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE , Tr 75-80
17 Collared Owlet
Glaucidium brodiei (Burton, 1836)
1,3,4,8,9,12,13, 14,
18,20 13
C
18 Cuckoo Owlet
Glaucidium cuculoides (Virgors, 1831)
1,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,12, 13,14,16,18,20 37
C, Doc
19 Brown Hawk Owl
20 Brown Fish Owl
21 Brown Wood Owl
Remark: (a) The numbers 1, 2, … 20, see Survey areas; (*) Species were recorded by documents [5, 6]
The total of 21 species (included nocturnal and diurnal raptors) belonging to 3 families has been recorded in Pu Huong NR Among them, Accipitridae have species’s number is highest (11 species, 52,38% total species were recorded); Falconidae have 3 species (14,29% of total recorded species), and Strigidae have 7 species (33,33% of total recorded species)
Table 2: Comparison on raptors species between Pu Huong NR and Vietnam
The quantity of species in the same families in Vietnam and Pu Huong NR were presented as above tab 2 Accipitridae included 11/39 species (28,21% in total species), Falconidae: 3/15 species (20%) and Strigidae 7/15 species (46,67%)
3.2 Distribution of raptor in Pu Huong NR
In Quy Chau and Quy Hop forest blocks there are a big number of raptor recorded, especially the owlet species in Quy Chau (Cuckoo Owlet was observed 37 times in 14 localities; Collared Owlet - 13 times in 10 localities and, Mountain Scop Owl - 6 times in 6 localities) It is considered as to cause by a good forest remaining and, the activities of logging and hunting didn’t so high in the past time
The number of records of Accipitridae and Falconidae species during surveys is low such as Crested Serpent Eagle had seen 6 times, Indian Black Eagle, and Mountain Hawk Eagle - 4 times There is only one record of each species such as Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle, Asian Crested Goshawk and Japanese Sparrowhawk
Trang 5tr−êng §¹i häc Vinh T¹p chÝ khoa häc, tËp XXXVIII, sè 2A-2009 The distribution of bird species in habitats types is unfixed due to their movement The birds often move from this habitat to others at random, and it is also strongly depending on different biological features of each species
The most raptors can be observed in different habitats types of the reserve, such as Crested Serpent Eagle, Grey-faced Buzzard Eagle, Asian Crested Goshawk, Japanese Sparrowhawk, Indian Black Eagle, Mountain Hawk Eagle and Black Kite However, many Owls have been found mostly in the secondary forests and along the bank of streams of the reserve Such as Cuckoo Owlet, Collared Owlet, Collared Scops Owl, Mountain Scops Owl usually found in secondary forests, side forest habitat, secondary bushy barren or residential area
3.3 Conservation status
A total 21 species of raptor have the importance value for gene source conservation: they were listed in App II of CITES 2003 [2] Among them, there are 2 species were listed in Decision Number 32/2006 of the Government of Vietnam in group IIB are Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornis cheela and Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis
3.4 The threats are impacting to the raptors in the reserve
Logging of timber and non-timber products is happening in some of forest sectors of the reserve
Illegal exploitation and hunting natural resources, especially wild animals for commercial purposes, foods and trading are still common
Law enforcement is limitted in the region as well as inside the reserve
Forest fire for expanding agriculture land is happening in some the parts of the reserve
The knowledge on the conservation of local people, especially ethnic groups are low, and their life continuing to depending on the forest resources
REFERENCES
[1] Boonsong Lekagul, Philip D Round, A field guide to the birds of Thailand, Saha Karn Bhaet Co Ltd., Thailand, 1991
[2] CITES 2003, List species database, UNEP-WCMC Species database: CITES-Listed Species
[3] Le Manh Hung, Notes on raptors observed during bird surveys in Vietnam: October 2001 - July 2002, Bulletin of the Asian Raptor Research & Conservation Network, No.3: December 2002, pp: 1 - 6
[4] Le Manh Hung and Nguyen Cu, Raptor migration survey in North Vietnam during autumn 2004 and spring 2005, Proceedings of the 4th Symposium on Asian raptors, Taiping, Perak, Malaysia, 28 - 31 October, 2005
[5] Management board of Pu Huong Nature Reserve, The project investing and building up Pu huong Nature Reserve project, Nghean province, 5/2002
Trang 6H N.c Thao, N Cu Some RECORD OF RAPTOR IN PU HUONG NATURE , Tr 75-80 [6] Neville Kemp and Michael Dilger, Site Description and Conservation Evaluation:
Bu Huong Proposed Nature Reserve Quy Chau District, Nghe An Province, Vietnam, The Society for Environmental Exploration and Xuan Mai Forestry College, in Collaboration with The Ministry of Forestry, Hanoi, 1996
[7] Nguyen Cu, Present distribution and status of raptors in Vietnam, Proceedings of The First Symposium on Raptors of Asia, Lake Biwa Museum, Shiga, Japan December 12 - 13, 1998
[8] Nguyen Cu, Le Trong Trai, Karen Phillipps, Birds of Viet Nam, Society and Labour Publishing house, 2000
[9] Nguyen Cu, Conservation status of raptors in Annamese Lowlands, Proceedings
of The 2nd Symposium on Raptors of Asia, Bandung, Indonesia, July 25 - 27,
2000
[10] Robson, C R., A field guide to the Birds of South-East Asia, Bangkok: Asia Books, 2000
Tóm tắt
Những ghi nhận về chim ăn thịt ở khu Bảo tồn
Thiên nhiên Pù Huống, tỉnh Nghệ An
Khu Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Pù Huống nằm ở phía Tây tỉnh Nghệ An Những nghiên cứu về khu hệ chim ở khu BTTN Pù Huống còn ít đ−ợc biết đến, đặc biệt là các loài chim ăn thịt Những dẫn liệu về nhóm chim ăn thịt đ−ợc thực hiện dựa trên kết quả các đợt khảo sát nghiên cứu chim ở khu bảo tồn từ năm 2004 - 2007 Có tổng
số 21 loài (bao gồm nhóm chim ăn thịt đêm và chim ăn thịt ngày) đã đ−ợc ghi nhận Bài viết cũng chỉ ra phân bố của các loài chim ăn thịt ở các dạng sinh cảnh khác nhau, tình trạng bảo tồn, cũng nh− các mối đe doạ đến các loài chim ăn thịt ở khu BTTN Pù Huống
(b) Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology