New current layer <>: 3D ?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF/ /Unlock: .J b) ve2 khifidi: • SOLBOX: vo kh6i chit nh~1 Command: solbox (ho~ MODEL>Primitives>box) . Baseplane/Cenler/<Comer of boX><>: dung chuQI chi I diem ta dinh hQp . '. >,' L >00 .I ,"0 1_~5x4~ ~)20 0 {) Cube/Lengthi<Other comet>: L Length: 160 (huc'mg x) Width: 90 (huc'mg y) Heighl: 15 (huc'mg z) , I J . ~ - f 0 0 Hlnhl • UCS chon 0: chuyen g6c UCS 1m tam day chu nh~1 m~1 dum de Command: ucs Origin/Zaxis/. !?!<World>: 0 Origin poinl<O,O,O>: .X (Ioe loa dQ x cu. 1 diem dii c6) of MID of (bAt dii!m giila CIInh do; m~t dum d€) (need YZ): .Y (IQc tQa d¢ y Clla I diem dii c6) of MID of (bAt dii!m giila c'!nh ngan ~t dum d€) (need Z): 0 Command: UCSICON (lli~n biilu tuc;mg UCS ra g6c mm) ON/OFF/AIV ./Origino: OR • SOLCYL: vo kh6i If\I ~20 11 giila d€ Command: soleyl (ho¥ MODEL>Primitives>Cylinder) Baseplane/EllipticaV<Center point><O,O,O>: .J (tam day In! Iii gOc 0,0,0) Diameter/<Radius>: 10 Center of other end<Heigbt>: 100 (chi!!u cao 1f\I) • COPY: copy If\I d6 thAnh 2 tn! a 2 ben Command: copy Select objects: ChQD kh6i 1f1:l giita vita ve <Base point or displacement>/Multiple: M Base point: CEN of (bAt tam cung tron day dum If\II~m diilm co sl1) Second point of displacement: @50,0 Second point of displacement: @·50,0 Second point of displacement: .J • SOLCHAM: vAt 4 g6c cua M Command: so1cham (ho¥ MODEL>Modiy>Chamfer solid) Pick base serface: ChQD 1 c~ ddng eua de Next<OK>: .J Picl< edge of this face to be chamfered (press ENTER when done): chQn 2 e'!nh can vat. Enter distance along base surfaceo: IS (d¢ d& vat 1) Enter distance along base surface<>: 15 (d¢ ciai vat 2) Urn tuang n,r de vat cAe e'!nh coo ~. c) Vekhdin611tri1l4#: • CIRCLE: vo trOn dAy nOO +64 a ~Itrende; • SOLEXT(Extrude):'~riang _+64 d61en thloh saM" ConuDand: solext(h,*MODEL>Extrude) Select regions, poiyline and circle for extrusion Select objects: chQn troD cjl64 Vita ve Select objects: .J Height of extrusion: 65 (chi~u cao nang l~n) Extrusion taper angle<>: 10 (g6c w6t 10° bang 1/2 g6c dinh n6n) 147 d) T~o thanh so!ide 4a h(1p : • SOLSUB: trU cae kh6i thlmh solide da hqp Command: ,olsub (h,* MODEL>Subtract) Source object Select objects: (chi len cae kh6i bi trU la dO va kh6i n6n tren M) Objects_to subtract from them Select objects: (chi vao cae kh6i trU 1a tat ca 3 kh6i tI1;I) 2. T~o 3 khung cira ,6 hloh chieu (viewports) • TILEMODE chQn 0: d~t 0 (of) chuyen sang kh6ng gian giay phlmg (PSPACE) • LIMITS: d~t giUi han blm vo (A4=297,2JO) va I¢nh ZOOM/All duo giUi han vo ra manhinh. • LINETYPE ch9n 1: d~ tlti (Load) cae duang- hidden, center vao ban ve de: sau co the lam hi¢n chung ra ban ve. " -' Hlnbl - " , • MViEW: de ~o 3 kh\lllg eira s6 hlnh chieu dUng, hlnh chieu ~IJ. va.b\nh chieu true do. . Command: mview (ho~ VIEW:>Mview)" 148 ON/OFF/Hideplot/FitI2/3/4/. . ./<First point>: 3 Horizontal/Vertical/ ./<Right>: .J Fitl<First point>: F (chQn 3 khung vila khit man hlnh) • MSPACE: ehuytn sang kh6ng gian m6 hlnh • VPOINT: de chQn diem nhin IItn tlmg khung cira s6 hlnh chieu b~g, hlnh chieu dang. Tru6c het kfch con irQ vao cira s6 hlnh chieu bAng: Command: vpoint (ho~c VIEW>setview>view point) Rotate/<View point>: 0,0,1 , Chu j: neil hl'nh chieu bang can :way, btfn dung 14nh ROTATE. Bay gib' b~ kfch chu¢t vao ciia sO hinh chieo dUng va lam tl1cm.g tI! de cho diem nhin hinh chieu dang. • ZOOM: cho ty I~ b~g nhau (1.4) M chinh dQ Ian tren tlmg hlnh chieu Command: zoom AIVCenter/ /Windows/<Scale(x/xp»: 1.4 • MVSETUP chQn A: chlnh vi tr! gi6ng dang (V) giila cac hinh chieu Command: mvsetup Align/Create/Scale viewports/ /Undo: A(ciin chinh vi tn') Angle/HorizontaVVertical alignment/ /Undo? V (chinb dang) Base point: klch chuQt vao hinh chieu dang va go END of (b~t dinh trai Clla de 11 IItn hinh chien dang lAm diem co sa) Other point: Deh chu¢t vao hinh chie'u bAng vA g5 END of (bilt dinh a hinh chieu biing wang ang) Angle/Horizontal/Vertical alignment/ /Undo? -1 Align/Create/Scale viewports/ /Undo: .J Ket qua ta dl1QC cae hinh chien nhl1 tren hinh 2 a tren 3, Clit hi> mi)t g6c v~t th~ Kich con tro vao ciia sO hinh chieo uvc do. • VPLA YER chQn N ,T: t~o lOp mOl ten I. COPY3D de sau t~ mQt bAn sao, kbi cAt mQt g6c v~t the se khOng 8.nh huang tm c4c hinh chieu kMc. Sau d6 chQn T(Thaw)lAm tan lOp COPY3D nay. Command: vplayer ?/Freeze{Thaw/Re,et/Newfrr/Vpvisdflt:N New viewport fro",n layer name(s): COPY3D ?/Free",{Thaw/Reset/Newfrr/Vpvisdflt: T. Layer(s) to thaw: COPY3D AIVSelect/<Corrent>: .J ? /Frce",{fhaw/Reset/Newfiz[V pvisdllt: .J • LAYER chQn S: dua lOp COPY3D ra hi~n thm. • COpy chQn All: de t~o m¢t trJ.n sao moo. ~ c~n chQn diem gec copy, va diem dich copy trimg nhao: Command: copy 149 Select objects; All <Base point or displacement>/Multiple: 0,0,0 (di&n co sa) Second point of displacement: 0,0,0 (di&n copy tOil • CHANGE: chuyen bim sao d6 (Lats) sang Illp (Layer) ten I. COPY3D. Command: change Select Objects: L (Last) Select objects: .J Propoties/<Change point>: P Change what propoty(Color/ElevlLayer/L Type/ )?: LA New layer <>: COPY3D Change what propoty(Color/Elev/Layer/LType/ )?: .J Chu thieh: sau kId chuyd'n ban sao di cac hinh chie'u khac bien mat kh6i man hinh, b9n dung l~nh REDRAW ALL dl hi~n l{li ban ve day duo • VPLAYER chon F: lam dong(Freeze) lllp 3D cil, chi c6 the tac d<)ng len Illp COPY3D hien thm. Command: vplayer ?/Freeze{Thaw!Reset/NewfrzNpvisdflt: F New viewport frozen layer name(s): 3D All/Select/<Current>: .J ? /Freeze{Thaw!Rese!/Newl'r7JV pvisdllt: .J • UCS chon X, Y: di! xoay ues quanh X h""c Y cbo (XY) trUng vOi m~t dt de dung I¢nh SOLClIT ca.t M v~t thi!. . . • SOLCUT chQn (XY): ti~n hiiDh c4~ bO I gllC ~"thi! bimg 2 m~t phimg, sau d6 dung i¢nh BHATCH de g'!Ch m~t ca.t ngay. <'l day ta dilng cach thll 2 nhu sau: Chu thich: b{1n co thl dung each veth~m khdi hgp Jbo~) ~a 2 m{1t trung vai 2 ~t cat bO, sau do dung I¢nh SOLS UB dltril b6 di I g6c v~' ,hi (kMng cdn dung SOLCUT): + Command: solb6x (ho~c MODEL:>Primitives>box) Baseplane/Center/<Comer of box><>: 0,0,0 150 Cube/Length/<Other comer>: L Length: 90 Width: 50 Height: 90 + Command: solsub (ho~c MODEL>Subtract) Source object Select objects: chi len v~t thi! 3D Objects to subtract from them Select objects: chi l&n kh6i b¢p vUa ve • BHATCH M g~ch m~t dt v~t li¢u tren tilng m~t ca.t (chuyen UCS). '" UCS chqn P: dua ues ve vi tti cu. 4. flooo chinh hloh chieu tr\lc do Kich con trc vao cua s6 hlnh chie'u tI1;Ic do. ' • VPLA YER chon N.T: ~o lap mm (N) ten lit MCAT va lam tan (n lap nay de sau chuyen ca.c m~t cat sang lap nay mm hi~u chinh duqc hinh chieu tI1,lc do. • LAYER chon S: dua lap MCAT ra hi~n thm. • CHANGE: de chuyen cac m~t dt sang lap MCAT. Command: change Select objects: chQn 2 m~t cat Select objects: .J Propoties/<Change point>: P Change what propoty(Color/Elev/Layer/LType/ )?: LA New layer<>: MCAT Change what propoty(Color/Elev/Layer/LType/ )?: .J • LAYER chon S: dua lap COPY3D ra hi~n thm. SOLPROF: di~u khien hi~n anh v~t thl! 3D chi co cac dUang tmo vien. Command: solprof (ho~c MODEL>Display>Proflle solids) Select objects: chQn v~t thl! 3D Select objects: .J Display hidden profile lines on separate layer?<Y>: .J (hi~n ca.c duang bao khuAt tren lap rieng ?) Project profile lines on to a plane?<Y>: .J (cac duang bao d~t tren 1 m/phang) Delete tangential edges?<Y>: .J (xoa cac q.nh ti€p xuc tren cac m~t) • LAYER chon?: xem ten lap chUa duemg khu~t !ren tryc do (vi d~: PH-CD9). • VPLAYER chon F: lam dOng 2 lap COPY3D. PH-CD9. Hlnh chieu In!c do chi con dc duang bao tha:y Command: vplayer .1/Freeze/Thaw/Reset/Newfi7/VP"lsdfll:' F . .' New viewport fr9zen biytr naine(s):' . COl'Y3D.i'fl:CD9 . , . All/Select/<Current>: .J ? /Freeze/Thaw/Reset/NewfI7/Vpvisdflt: .J . • UCS chon V: <buyin h~ Des tm vi tri c6 (XY) song song vmlllan hlnh de hi~u chinh hinh chieu tryc do. • Dung ctlc l~nh hifu chinh : + EXPLODE: phan r. kh6i v~t thi 3D di! hi¢u chinh. + PEDIT: ddi be rQng net (wiQth) 0.5 * ues ch9n P: chuy~n UCS v~ vi tri co 151 S. Hoan chinh hlnh chilo dUng (HCl) Kich con tro vao cUa sO hlnh chieu dUng. • VPLAYER ch9n N,T: dt ~o lap mm (N) 1. HCl va lam tan (f) lap nay. • LAYER chQn S: dua lap mm HCl ra hi~n thm. • SOLPROF: di€u khi€n hi~ anh hinh chiou dUng chi c6 cae duimg bao vi~n. • LAYER ch9n?: xem ten lap duimg khu~t iJ hlnh chieu dUng (vi du: PH-CDS). • VPLA YER ch9n F: lam dOng 2 lap 3D, PH-CDS. H'mh chieu dUng chi cOn cac duimg bao tMy. • UCS ch9n V: chuyen h¢ UCS Wi vi tri c6 (XY) song song v<li man hlnh de hi?u chinh hlnh chieu dUng. • Dung cae l~nh hi~u chinh : + EXPLODE: ph1ln dii kh6i v~t the 3D d<lhi~u chinh hlnh chieu dUng. + ve them duang tf1:lc, g~ch m~t c6t, ghi kich thu6c + PEDIT: dOi btl rQng net (width) 0.5 ues chQn P: chuy~n ueS ve vi tci cu. 6. Hoon chlnh hlnh chieu bAng (HC2) Kich con tro vao ella sO hinh chi6'u bAng. • VPLA YER ch9n N,T: ~o lap mm c6 ten HC2 va lam tan lap nay. • LAYER ch9n S: dua lap HC2 ra hi~ thm. • SOLPROF: dieu khien hi~n arm hinh chi€u Mng chI co cae duemg baD vien. • LAYER chQn?: xem ten lap duimg kh~t iJ hinh chieu bAng (vi du: PH-CD?). • VPLAYER Ch9fi F: lam dOng 2 lap 3D, PH-CD? Hlnh chieu bbtg chi con cae duimg bao tMy. • UCS eh9n V: ehuy€nb¢ UCS't6iVjii! e6 (X¥lsons sons vm man hlnh de hi~u ehinh hlnh ehi6u bAng. . " . . . . . • Dung cae ~nh hi~u chinh : + EXPLODE: ph1ln rii kh6i v~t tht3D de hi~u emnh hlnh ehieu bAng + ve tJ¥c, ghi Deh thuOc + PEDIT: dOi btl rQng net (width) 0.5 • ues chQn P: chuyen ues ve vi tti cu. 7. Hoan chinh toan be? ban vi • LAYER eh9n F: lam dOng lap 3D de bi> cae khung Clla clic eira sO va hi¢n l~i chi ciie hlnh ehi€u thOi. • PSPACE: chuyen sang khOng gian gi(y phing M ve them khung ban ve, khung ten va viet chit de c6 ban ve hoan chmh. Cu6i ciing ta e6 ban ve cua TAM DO nhu hlnh 1. 152 BAI T~P 18 < ~p bim ve chi tiet GO! TRI)C nhu hlnh 1. Sau day hUOng dan 1 each vee R25 (\70 I~ll -\ \ 1350 f 0 0 ~}\~50' 12 100 J l,' ~ Hinh 1 1. Ve v~t th~ 3D a) Chruln bi bdn "khOi Ihrly: • OPEN: l~ mil him vekblJi. tbuy(vi 6,: A4.ciwS):N6l ehuac6lhlc6 ·~mm. • VPOINT: ~ho <libnnhln (1,-I,l)<!tqQ8D""im ~ ~ 3D ~g hh\hehi6u trye do vuOng g6c <!tu. . . . ":. '. " :."' . . Command: vpoint Rotate/<View point>: 1,-1,1 • LAYER ehQll M: di!tao lclp rom ten Th. 3D v~ dlla ra hi~ thOi. Command: layer ?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF/ /Uniock: M New current layer <>: 3D ?/Make/Set/New/ON/OFF/ /Unlock: .J 153 . LINETYPE ch9n 1: d~ tlti (Load) cae duang- hidden, center vao ban ve de: sau co the lam hi¢n chung ra ban ve. " -& apos; Hlnbl - " , • MViEW: de ~o 3 khlllg. chon?: xem ten lap chUa duemg khu~t !ren tryc do (vi d~: PH-CD9). • VPLAYER chon F: lam dOng 2 lap COPY3D. PH-CD9. Hlnh chieu In!c do chi con dc duang bao tha:y Command: vplayer. ch9n?: xem ten lap duimg khu~t iJ hlnh chieu dUng (vi du: PH-CDS). • VPLA YER ch9n F: lam dOng 2 lap 3D, PH-CDS. H'mh chieu dUng chi cOn cac duimg bao tMy. • UCS ch9n