DERIVATIVES or WORD FORMATION1- a/ an/ the/ this/these/ those/ my ..their + Noun Phrase: - Noun phrase có Noun là từ cuối cùng, trước nó là một hoặc vài Adj, trước Adj là Adv.. beauty
Trang 1DERIVATIVES or WORD FORMATION
1- a/ an/ the/ this/these/ those/ my their + Noun Phrase:
- Noun phrase có Noun là từ cuối cùng, trước nó là một hoặc vài Adj, trước Adj là Adv.
Eg: This is a _ girl (beauty)
Sau a là Noun Phrase với danh từ girl, trước đó sẽ là Adj.
This is his organized room (good)
Noun Phrase này có danh từ là room, organized là V3 cũng coi như Adj, vậy từ trước đó sẽ là Adv
2/ Prepositions + Noun Phrase:
Eg: He is fond of _ places (peace)
- Lưu ý đừng bị nhầm với mẫu của verb form (sau giới từ dùng Ving)
3/ Chủ ngữ (subject) hay tân ngữ (Object) = Noun Phrase.
Eg: She likes men (care)
_ driving always causes accidents (care)
Money can’t buy _ (happy)
4/ Linking verbs (be – look – seem – feel …) + Adj Phrase:
- Adj phrase có Adj ở vị trí cuối cùng, trước nó chỉ còn Adv miêu tả cho Adj đó
Eg: The city was _ destroyed (complete).
She looks (wonder).
5/ S + V + O + ?:
- S + V + O + Adv: Adv miêu tả cho Verb
Eg: She drives the car (good).
- S + V + O + Adj: Adj miêu tả cho Object vốn dĩ là Noun
Eg: She found the test for her (ease).
Đối với S V O ta phải dịch rồi mới làm.
6/ Intransitive verb + Adv:
- Intransitive verb (nội động từ) là những động từ không cần Object Ví dụ: go – walk – smile …
Eg: We walked _ (slow).
- Ngoài ra Adv có thể đứng trước Verb, giữa Auxiliary verb và Ordinary verb, hoặc ngay đầu câu:
Eg: We _ go out after dinner (usual)
They can’t _ get good marks (frequent)
, the Vietnamese celebrate Tet in late Jan or early Feb (tradition)
Trên đây là sáu cách xác định cơ bản Tuy nhiên để thông thạo derivatives chúng ta sẽ gặp nhiều khó khăn Thứ nhất là phải dịch mới biết chắc Thứ hai là phải lập từ điển derivatives theo 4 cột V – N – Adj – Adv Thứ ba là có thể có nhiều từ cùng một từ loại khiến ta phải lựa chọn về ý nghĩa.
Người học giỏi không bao giờ phải học vị trí từ mà họ chỉ cần dịch đúng vì chỉ có mấy nguyên tắc cơ bàn sau: S / O phải là Noun phrase, miêu tả N phải là Adj, miêu tả Verb phải là Adv, miêu tả Adj phải là Adv
Eg: They paid only $10 for such a big cake It is so _ (expense)
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Trang 21- We like their _ (friendly)
2- The between Vietnam and China is good (friend)
3- They seem to be We dislike them (friend)
4- There will be a _ in this street (meet)
5- We saw _ girls there (beauty)
6- The garden is with trees and flowers (beauty)
7- They enjoy the _ atmosphere here (peace)
8- The _ unit of currency is the Ringit (Malaysia)
9- In _, there are other religions (add)
10- They like Pho Bo , they enjoy Bun Bo (add)
11- The _ anthem of Viet Nam is sung (nation)
12- There is an match between Vietnam and Lebanon on VTV3 (nation)
13- The language of _ is Bahasa Malaysia (instruct)
14- Ao Dai is the _ dress of Vietnamese women (tradition)
15- _, Ao Dai is worn by women (tradition)
16- To Huu is a famous _ (poetry) His are interesting
17- Ao Dai is always _ (fashion)
18- Jeans are _ made from cotton (complete)
19- The _ from Genoa enjoyed wearing jeans (work)
20- _ of clothes always goes up (sell)
21- At the _ to the village, we saw the accident (enter)
22- They had an _ day by the river (enjoy)
23- They are _ - qualified teachers (good)
24- We need further _ (inform)
25- This book is very (inform)
26- Look at the _ Rain Bi looks handsome (advertise)
27- It is an _ program (interest)
28- The song is to me (interest)
29- We felt in the show (interset)
30- English is his _ (nation)
31- It is cheap It’s _ (expensive)
32- _ TV is available now (interact)
33- The between this computer and the others is good (interact)
34- The _ of TV is always fast (develop)
35- Libraries are helpful in children’s love for books (develop)
36- The Internet has _ developed nowadays (increase)
37- The Internet is one of the most important _ of our life (invent)
38- Everyone has their _ which are hardly recognized by themselves (limit)
39- The website is not _ for teenagers It’s (use)
40- Their _ is always good (communicate)
41- She is a girl (communicate)
42- Listen _ please (care)
43- We’re _ that our environment is spoiled (disappoint)
44- Our boys play today (disappoint)
45- We’re worried about the _ here (pollute)
46- This river is extremely _ (pollute)
47- A _ faucet may waste 500 liters of water a month (drip)
48- In Viet Nam, electricity, gas, and water are not only but also _ (lux/ need) 49- Her appearance is today (need)
50- Farm _ are always exported (produce)
51- This plant’s is high, so it attracts a lot of investment (produce)
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Trang 352- The of this machine requires the latest techniques (produce)
53- This energy- _ bulb is not cheap (save)
54- The _ are requiring us to repair the machines (consume)
55- Watching Korean films on TV is a time- _ activity (consume)
56- Water is increasing this summer (consume)
57- The _ of the model attracts us (efficient)
58- They are working , so we are (effect / satisfy)
59- Life always needs a lot of _ (innovate)
60- The _ are cleaning the beach (conserve)
61- _, our environment must be protected (ultimate)
62- Tet is the most important _ in Viet Nam (celebrate)
63- Fruits’ festival in Suoi Tien park is a very _ activity (joy)
64- Look at the _ bulbs They are so beautiful (color)
65- My _ are so strong that the word “love” can’t describe them (feel)
66- The _ _ caused a lot of bad effects (volcano/ erupt)
67- Our _ have not warned our fishermen about the Chanchu typhoon carefully (science) 68- A eruption occurred here last night (disaster)
69- The beach is full of all kinds of (pollute)
70- He used all his to force the door open STRONG
71- The police are interested in the sudden of the valuable painting APPEAR
72- My teacher me to take this examination COURAGE
73- Recently health foods have increased in POPULAR
74- The old lady hid all her under the floor SAVE
75- Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your complete SATISFY
76- The council has promised to deal with the problem of among young people EMPLOY
77- Tung had eaten so much he had to his belt LOOSE
78- The dictionaries are with the other books REFER
79- I had to check the wages in to my normal work ADD
80- He was very of the work he had done PRIDE
81- There is a of 10% in the amount of money available for buying new books REDUCE
82- He is interested in the old buildings PRESERVE
83- 26 Saucepans are sold in the goods department HOUSE
84- 'Friends of the Earth' is concerned about the of the natural environment CONSERVE
85- Thousands of people have been made by the war HOME
86- He wouldn't listen to her repeated , so in the end she went REFUSE
87- The teacher gave his students to leave the classroom PERMIT
88- He grew up poor, but he overcame all difficulties and to become one of the most successful actors in Vietnam HARD
89- They said 'good-bye' to each other just because of some minor UNDERSTAND
90- He is old He's getting , and his often makes a lot of trouble FORGET
91- This table may break under a lot of PRESS
92- Dr Jones is a well-known He has written several novels, one of which was about the
meeting between the great leaders at Yalta in 1945 HISTORY
93- You should go on a diet You're a bit WEIGH
94- The car is a complete write-off It is quite REPAIR
95- That little boy has a _ of cakes MOUTH
96- The Saigon Giai Phong is a newspaper DAY
97- She is from Tel Aviv She is ISRAEL
98- Mary looks about something She looks _ at everything WORRY
99- I can't believe you, what you say is quite LOGIC
100- He is an doctor who just graduated from the medical school last year EXPERIENCE
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Trang 4ADJECTIVES ENDING IN –ING AND –ED
1 amazed/amazing
2 amused/amusing
3 annoyed/annoying
4 bored/boring
5 bothered/bothering
6 confused/confusing
7 depressed/depressing
8 disappointed/disappointing
9 discouraged/discouraging
10 displeased/displeasing
11 dissatisfied/dissatisfying
12 distinguished/distinguishing
13 embarrassed/embarrassing
14 encouraged/encouraging
15 exhausted/exhausting
16 excited/exciting
17 fascinated/fascinating
18 frightened/frightening
19 horrified/horrifying
20 interested/interesting
21 moved/moving
22 pleased/pleasing
23 relaxed/relaxing
24 satisfied/satisfying
25 shocked/shocking
26 surprised/surprising
27 terrified/terrifying
28 thrilled/thrilling
29 tired/tiring
30 worried/worrying
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