9. A: Listen. Someone is jumping on the floor in the apartment above us. Look. Your chandelier is shaking. B: Mr. Silverberg be doing his morning exercises. The same thing happens every morning. EXERCISE 30. Maklng logical conclusions: MUST and MUST NOT. (Chart 7-1 1) Directiom: Make logical conclusions. Use must or must not. Use the suggested completions andlor your own words. 1. I am at Eric's apartment door. I've knocked on the door and have rung the doorbell several times. Nobody has answered the door. be ar home? be out somewhere? + Eric must not be at home. He must be out somewhere. 2. Jennifer reads all the time. She sits in a corner and reads even when people come to visit her. Lm books? like books better than people? like to & to people? 3. Kate has a full academic schedule, plays on the volleyball team, has the lead in the school play, is a cheerleader, takes piano lessons, and has a part-time job at the ice cream store. be busy all the time? haw a lot of spare time? 4. David gets on the Internet every day as soon as he gets home from work. He stays at his computer until he goes to bed. be a computer addict? have a happy home life? 5. Betsy just talked to Jake on the phone. He asked her to go to a movie. She told him ins that she had to study. She has just hung up, and now she's going to get ready for bed and go to sleep. want to go a movie? be tired? 6. Debbie just got home from school. She slammed the •’rant door, threw her books on the floor, and ran to her room. Now her parents can hear music through Debbie's closed door. be upset? want to talk to her parents right now? want to be alone? 212 CHAPTER 7 COMMAND Imperative sentences are used to give commands, (a) GmemI: Open the door! make polite requests, and give directions. The Soktier: Yes, sir! difference between a command and a request lies in BEQUEST the speaker's tone of voice and the use of please. @) Teacher: Open the door, please. Please can come at the beginning or end of a Student: Okay, I'd be happy to. request: DIRECTIONS Open the do06 please. (c) Barbam: Could you tell me how to get to the Please open the door. post office? Strangec Certainly. Walk two blocks down I thie street. lbrn left and walk three more blocks. It's on the right-hand side of the swet. (d) CIose the window. The simple form of a verb is used in imperaave (e) Please sit down. sentences. The understood subject of the sentence ' (f) Be quiet! is you (meaning the person the speaker is talking to): flou) close the window. (g) Don't walk on the grass. NEGATIVE POEM: 01) Please don't wait for me. Don't + the rimple form of a verb (i) Don't be late. , ,&:: ,?!. . , ' I .,. . O EXERCISE 31. lrn~erative sentences. (Chart 7-12) Directions: Complete the dialogues with imperative sentences. Try to figure out something the first speaker might say in the given situation. 1. THE TEACHER: THE STUDENT: Okay. 2. THE DOCTOR: THE PATIENT: All right. 3. THE MOTHER: THE SON: I will. Don't worry. 4. MRS. JONES: THE CHILDREN: Yes, ma'am. ,,; .,*, ,. ' ~ 5. THE GENERAL I, THE SOLDIER: Yes, sir! Right away, sir! ' I (I 6. THE FATHER: THE DAUGHTER: Okay, Dad. 7. A FRIEND: A FRIEND: Why not? 8. THE WE: THE HUSBAND: Okay. Modal Auxlllarles 21 3 10. THE BOSS: ! THE EMPLOYEE: 1'11 do it immediately. 79 ' ! 11 THEFATHER: THB SON: Okay. I won't. EXERCISE 32. Imperative sentences. (Chart 7-12) Directions: Pair up with a classmate. Student A: Your book is open. Read the directions to Student B. Student B: Your book is closed. Follow the directions. s~unm A to B: Follow these steps to find the answer to a number puzzle. Write down the number of the month you were born. (For example, write "2" if you were born in February. Write "3" if you were born in March.) Double it. Add 5. Multiply by 50. Add your age. Subtract 250. In the final number, the last two digits on the right will be your age, and the one or two digits on the left will be the month you were born. "' SmWItch roles. STUDENT B to A: Repeat the directions to the number puzzle to Student A. . . EXERCISE 33. Writing activity. (Chart 7-12) Directions: Write about one or more of the following. Give general advice to people who want to 1. improve their health. 5. find a job. 2. get good grades. 6. live life fully every day. 3. improve their English. 7. get married. 4. make a good first impression. 8. help preserve the earth's environment. Example: handle stress Do you want to handle stress in your life? Here are some suggestions for you to consider. Be sure to get daily exercise. You should devote at least half an hour to physical activity every day. Don't overload your daily schedule. Learn to manage your time efficiently. You have to take time for yourself. Don't keep yourself busy doing thiigs for everyone else from morning until night. Do thiigs that are just for you. Read, reflect, listen to music, or just do nothing for a period every day. Don't waste time worrying about things you can't change. Recognize the things you can't change and accept them. Change only the things you can change. 214 CHAPTER 7 0 EXERCISE 34. Wrlting actlvlty. (Charts 7-1 + 7-12) Direcchns: One of your friends wants to come to this city, either to go to school or get a job. Write your friend a letter. Give your friend advice about coming to this city to study or work. (c) A: I'm tired. B: Why don'tyou take a nap? A: That's a good idea. I think I will. (a) A: It's hot today. Let'sigo to the beach. B: Okay. Good idea. (b) A: It's hot today. Why don't we go to the beach? B: Okay. Good idea. Why don't you (do somezhink) is used to make a suggestion, to give friendly advice. I Let's (do somethsnd and why don't we (do somethink) have rhe same meaning. They are used to make suggestions about activities for you and me. Let's = let us. EXERCISE 35. Making suggestions wlth LET'S and WHY DON'T WE. (Chart 7-13) Directions: Make suggestions using kt's and/or why don't we. Work in pairs or as a class. Example: SPEAKER A: What would you like to do today? SPEAKER B: Why don't we go for a walk in the park? / Let's go for a walk in the park. 1. Would you like to do this exercise in pairs or as a class? 2. What would you like to do this afternoon? 3. What do you want to do this weekend? 4. Where should we go for diier tonight? 5. Who should we ask to join us for dinner tonight? 6. What time should we meet at the restaurant? EXERCISE 36. Making suggestions with WHY DON'TYOU. (Chart 7-13) Directions: Make suggestions using why don't you. Work in pairs or as a class. Example: SPEAKER A: I'm hungry, SPEAKER B: Why don't you have a candy bar? 1. I'm thirsty. 2. I'm sleepy. 3. 1 have a toothache. 4. It's too hot in this room. 5. I have to take a science course next semester. What should I take? 6. Tomorrow is my sister's birthday. What should I give her? Modal Auxlllarles 215 EXERCISE 37. Making suggestions with LET'S and WHY DON'T. (Chart 7-13) Direczions: 'Avo students, books open, will read a dialogue aloud. Listen to the dialogue, books closed, and then repeat or write down the suggestion(s) you hear in the dialogue. Exampk: SPEAKER A (Yoko): Are you done with your work? SPBAKBR B (Talal): Yes. SPFAKER A (Yoko): Good. Let's go to the market. I'm hungry for some fresh fruit. SPBAKBR B (Tidal): Okay. -+ (repeated or written): Yak0 said, "Lei's 30 ta the wvket." 1. A: I'm getting sleepy. B: Why don't you have a strong cup of tea? A: I suppose I could. 2. A: Are you busy tonight? B: No. Why? A: Let's rent a video. B: Okay. 3. A: Brrr. I'm cold. k , . B: Why don't you put on a sweater? A: I don't have a sweater. 4. A: Where do you want to go for lunch? B: Why don't we go to (name of a local place)? A: That's too crowded at lunch time. Let's go to (name oja localplace) instead. B: Okay. 5. A. I have a headache. B: Why don't you take some aspirin? A: I don't like to take aspirin. B: Why not? A: It upsets my stomach. B: Then why don't you Lie down and rest? Sometimes that's all it takes to get rid of a headache. 6. A: Why don't we go dancing tonight? B: I don't know how to dance. A: Oh. Then why don't we go to a movie? B: I don't like movies. A: You don't like movies?! B: No. A: Well then, let's go to a restaurant for dinner. B: That's a waste of money. A: Well, you do what you want to tonight, but I'm going to go to a restaurant for dinner. And after that I'm going to go to a movie. And then I'm going to go dancing! 216 CHAPTER 7 EXERCISE 38. Making suggestlons with LET'S and WHY DON'T WE. (Chart 7-13) Direcrias: Complete the dialogues. Use kt's or why don't we. The weather's beautiful today. hy do~'t we 30 oh a pimic? Good idea. I'm bored. Me too. Great idea! Are you hungry? Yes. Are you? Yes. Okay. What are you going to do over the holiday? I don't know. What are you going to do? I haven't made any plans. That sounds like a terrific idea, but I can't afford it. Actually, I can't either. I need to go shopping. So do I. I can't go then. Okay. That's fine with me. I don't either. Okay. Good idea. What time should we leave for the airport? Okay. . . . , . . . . . . . . What should we do tonight? , , ' .'S Sounds okay to me. , .,, ,,.,.:,. , ~ ' ,,,>:.:- Let's not. instead. Okay. I .st ,.&_ , , Modal Auxillarles 21 7 EXERCISE 39. Making suggestions with WHY DON'T YOU. (Chart 7-13) Directions: Work in groups. Make suggestions using why don't you. Speaker A states the problem, and then others offer suggestions. Only Speaker A's book is open. Rotate the open book, using a new Speaker A for each item. Example: I'm at a restaurant with some business clients. I left my wallet at home. I don't have enough money to pay the bill. What am I going to do? SPEAKER A: Okay, here's the situation. I'm at a restaurant with some business customers. I sell computer parts. I need to impress my clients. I have to pay for dinner, but I left my wallet at home. I'm really embarrassed. What am I going to do? SPEAKER B: Why don't you call your office and ask someone to bring you some money? SPEAKER C: Why don't you borrow the money from one of your customers? SPEAKER D: Why don't you excuse yourself and go home to get your wallet? SPEAKER E: Why don't you have a private discussion with the manager and arrange to pay the bill later? 1. I feel like doing something interesting and fun tonight. Any suggestions? 2. I need regular physical exercise. What would you suggest? 3. An important assignment is due in Professor Black's history class today. I haven't done it. Class starts in an hour. What am I going to do? 4. I've lost the key to my apartment, so I can't get in. My roommate is at the library. What am I going to do? 5. My friend and I had an argument. We stopped talking to each other. Now I'm sorry about the argument. I want to be friends again. What should I do? 6. I work hard all day, every day. I never take time to relax and enjoy myself. I need some recreation in my life. What do think I should do? 7. I'm trying to learn English, but I'm making slow progress. What can I do to learn English faster? 1-14 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE . BETTER, WOULD RATHER I (a) I prefer apples to oranges. @) I @Y+T watching TV to studying. (c) I like apples better than oranges. (d) I like watchingTV better than studying. (e) Ann would tnther haw an apple than an orange. (f) INCORRECT: Ann mi& mrher has an apple. (g) I'd rather visit a big city than liw there. (h) INCORRECT: I'd mther tisir a big city rhan w live there. INCORRECT: I'd rather visit a biz ciry rhan 1ivzn.e there. 1 (i) I'd/h'd/She'dlHe'd/W'dlThey'd rather have an apple. 0) Muld you mther have an apple or an orange? Ner + noun + to + noun prefer + -ing verb + to + -ing 4 like + noun + better than + noun like + -ing ve& + better than + -ing verb Muld mther is followed immediately by the simple form of a verb (e.g., have, visit, live). Verbs following than are also in the simple form. Contraction of would = 'd. In 0): In a polite question, would mther can be followed by or to offer someone a choice. . in BEQUEST the speaker's tone of voice and the use of please. @) Teacher: Open the door, please. Please can come at the beginning or end of a Student: Okay, I'd be happy. school play, is a cheerleader, takes piano lessons, and has a part- time job at the ice cream store. be busy all the time? haw a lot of spare time? 4. David gets on the Internet every day as. open the door. post office? Strangec Certainly. Walk two blocks down I thie street. lbrn left and walk three more blocks. It's on the right-hand side of the swet. (d) CIose