Tự luận phương pháp luận nghiên cứu khoa học en05 ehou

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ HÀ NỘI ĐỀ KIỂM TRA (BÀI TẬP KỸ NĂNG) MÔN: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LUẬN NGHIÊN CỨU KHOA HỌC Mã môn: EN05 (Mỗi sinh viên chỉ lựa chọn 01 đề cho bài kiểm tra của mình) Đề 1 Câu 1: Nêu văn vắn tắt nội dung Các bước/ Trình tự thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học (4 điểm). Câu 2: Lấy ví dụ 01 đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cụ thể, đúng chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ Anh để minh hoạ cho các các bước/ trình tự thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học ở trên. (6 điểm). Đề 2 Câu 1: Nêu các nội dung chính của một Đề cương nghiên cứu khoa học (4 điểm). Câu 2: Lấy ví dụ 01 đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cụ thể, đúng chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ Anh để xây dựng một Đề cương nghiên cứu khoa học với đầy đủ các nội dung trên. (6 điểm). Yêu cầu: - Bài làm bằng tiếng Anh. - Bài viết nộp dưới dạng file word, sử dụng font Times New Roman. - Bài làm giống nhau sẽ bị huỷ kết quả, coi như kết quả thi được 0 điểm.

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC MỞ HÀ NỘIĐỀ KIỂM TRA (BÀI TẬP KỸ NĂNG)

MÔN: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LUẬN NGHIÊN CỨU KHOA HỌC

Đề 2

Câu 1: Nêu các nội dung chính của một Đề cương nghiên cứu khoa học (4 điểm).

Câu 2: Lấy ví dụ 01 đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cụ thể, đúng chuyên ngành Ngôn ngữ Anh để xây dựng một Đề cương nghiên cứu khoa học với đầy đủ các nội dung trên (6 điểm)

Yêu cầu:- Bài làm bằng tiếng Anh.- Bài viết nộp dưới dạng file word, sử dụng font Times New Roman.- Bài làm giống nhau sẽ bị huỷ kết quả, coi như kết quả thi được 0 điểm.

Bài Làm:Dưới đây là hướng dẫn bài làm cho cả hai đề kiểm tra, dựa trên yêu cầu môn "Phương pháp luận nghiên cứu khoa học"

Đề 1:Câu 1:Nêu ngắn gọn các bước/ trình tự thực hiện đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học (4 điểm):

Xác định vấn đề nghiên cứu: Chọn một chủ đề nghiên cứu có liên quan đến lĩnh vực Ngôn ngữ Anh.

Xây dựng câu hỏi nghiên cứu: Đưa ra câu hỏi cần được giải đáp qua quá trình nghiên cứu

Thiết kế khung lý thuyết: Lựa chọn và xây dựng nền tảng lý thuyết liên quan đến chủ đề nghiên cứu

Thu thập dữ liệu: Chọn phương pháp thu thập dữ liệu như phỏng vấn, khảo sát hoặc phân tích tài liệu

Phân tích dữ liệu: Áp dụng phương pháp phân tích để xử lý dữ liệu đã thu thập được

Trình bày kết quả: Trình bày các kết quả đạt được thông qua nghiên cứu.Viết báo cáo nghiên cứu: Viết báo cáo tổng hợp toàn bộ quá trình và kết quả nghiên cứu

Câu 2:Ví dụ về một đề tài nghiên cứu cụ thể: "The Impact of English as a Global Lingua Franca on Non-Native Speakers' Language Learning Motivation."

Các bước thực hiện nghiên cứu này sẽ bao gồm:Xác định vấn đề: Tìm hiểu tác động của tiếng Anh đối với động lực học tập của người học không phải người bản ngữ

Xây dựng câu hỏi nghiên cứu: Tiếng Anh là ngôn ngữ chung ảnh hưởng như thế nào đến động lực học tập?

Xây dựng khung lý thuyết: Sử dụng các lý thuyết về ngôn ngữ học ứng dụng và tâm lý học

Thu thập dữ liệu: Phỏng vấn sinh viên không phải người bản ngữ.Phân tích dữ liệu: Sử dụng phân tích định tính để tìm ra xu hướng.Viết báo cáo nghiên cứu

Đề 2:Câu 1:Nêu các nội dung chính của một đề cương nghiên cứu khoa học (4 điểm):

Tên đề tài: Xác định rõ tên đề tài nghiên cứu.Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Đưa ra các mục tiêu chính cần đạt được qua nghiên cứu.Câu hỏi nghiên cứu: Liệt kê các câu hỏi mà nghiên cứu cần giải quyết.

Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Trình bày phương pháp sẽ sử dụng để thu thập và phân tích dữ liệu

Phạm vi nghiên cứu: Định rõ phạm vi về thời gian, không gian và đối tượng nghiêncứu

Lịch trình thực hiện: Đưa ra kế hoạch thực hiện từng bước của đề tài.Câu 2:

Ví dụ về một đề tài nghiên cứu khoa học cụ thể: "The Influence of Social Media onEnglish Language Learning among Vietnamese Students."

Đề cương nghiên cứu có thể bao gồm:Tên đề tài: "The Influence of Social Media on English Language Learning among Vietnamese Students."

Mục tiêu: Khám phá vai trò của các nền tảng mạng xã hội trong việc hỗ trợ học tiếng Anh

Câu hỏi nghiên cứu: Mạng xã hội ảnh hưởng như thế nào đến việc học từ vựng và kỹ năng nghe tiếng Anh?

Phương pháp: Phỏng vấn sinh viên và phân tích số liệu thống kê.Phạm vi nghiên cứu: Sinh viên đại học tại Hà Nội

Lịch trình: Dự kiến nghiên cứu trong 6 tháng.Yêu cầu file Word:

Hãy chuẩn bị bài làm bằng tiếng Anh và lưu dưới định dạng docx.BÀI LÀM:

Research MethodologyAssignment: Topic 1Question 1: Outline the Steps/Process of Conducting a Scientific Research Project

Conducting a scientific research project involves a structured process that allows researchers to systematically explore, investigate, and arrive at conclusions about a specific topic The following steps outline the general sequence in which a research project should be conducted:

Identifying the Research ProblemThe first step in any research process is to identify and define the research problem.The research problem is the issue or question that the researcher seeks to resolve or

investigate In language studies, for example, this could involve exploring a linguistic phenomenon, understanding the impact of new language learning methods, or studying cultural influences on language use A well-defined research problem sets the foundation for the entire research process

Formulating Research Questions or HypothesesOnce the problem is identified, the next step is to formulate specific research questions or hypotheses A research question is the central question that guides the investigation, while a hypothesis is a predictive statement that the research seeks to proveor disprove For example, in a study on the effectiveness of online English learning platforms, a research question could be: "How do online platforms influence the speakingskills of non-native English speakers?"

Literature ReviewBefore proceeding with data collection, researchers must review existing literature on the topic This involves examining previous studies, theories, and data related to the research problem The literature review helps to identify gaps in knowledge, avoid duplication of research, and provide a theoretical framework for the study This step is essential as it situates the research within the context of existing knowledge

Designing the Research MethodologyThe methodology outlines the specific procedures that will be used to collect and analyze data Researchers choose qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approaches depending on the research objectives In a study on language acquisition, for example, quantitative methods might involve surveys and tests, while qualitative methods might include interviews and focus groups The choice of methodology should align with the research questions and the type of data required

Data Collection

After designing the methodology, researchers collect data that will help answer the research questions Data collection can be done through various methods, including experiments, observations, surveys, interviews, or using secondary data from existing sources In a language research project, this might involve gathering data from language learners through tests or questionnaires, or observing classroom behavior.

Data AnalysisOnce data has been collected, it must be analyzed to draw meaningful conclusions Researchers use statistical methods, content analysis, or other analytical techniques

depending on whether the data is qualitative or quantitative For example, in a study of student motivation in language learning, quantitative data might be analyzed using statistical software to identify trends, while qualitative data might be coded and analyzed for recurring themes

Interpreting ResultsAfter analysis, researchers interpret the findings in relation to the original research questions or hypotheses This step involves making sense of the data and determining whether it supports the hypotheses or answers the research questions Researchers also consider the implications of their findings for the field of study, as well as any limitationsof their research that might affect the validity or generalizability of the results

Writing the Research ReportThe final step is to write a comprehensive research report This document should present the research problem, objectives, methodology, data collection and analysis, and conclusions The report should also discuss the implications of the findings and make recommendations for future research The structure of the report typically follows a standard format: introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion

Question 2: Example of a Research Project in English LinguisticsTo illustrate the above steps, let's consider a specific research project in the field ofEnglish linguistics: "The Impact of English as a Global Lingua Franca on Non-Native Speakers' Language Learning Motivation."

Identifying the Research ProblemIn this project, the researcher seeks to explore how the global status of English affects the motivation of non-native speakers to learn the language English has become a

global lingua franca, and this study investigates whether this influences learners' enthusiasm or interest in mastering the language.

Formulating Research QuestionsThe main research question could be: "To what extent does the status of English as a global language influence the motivation of non-native speakers to learn English?" Additional sub-questions might include:

Does the global importance of English positively or negatively affect learners’ attitudes towards language learning?

Are learners more motivated by the desire to communicate with native speakers or with other non-native speakers?

Literature ReviewThe researcher would review existing literature on language motivation, focusing on studies about English as a global language Key theories, such as Gardner’s socio-educational model of second language acquisition or Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System, would be examined to provide a theoretical framework for the study

Research MethodologyThe study could employ a mixed-methods approach Quantitative data might be collected through a questionnaire distributed to non-native English learners, measuring their motivation levels Qualitative data could be gathered through in-depth interviews with a smaller group of participants to understand their personal experiences and attitudestowards learning English as a lingua franca

Data CollectionData collection would involve distributing questionnaires to a group of 100 non-native English speakers, asking questions about their motivation, attitudes, and learning goals In addition, 10 participants would be interviewed to provide qualitative insights into their learning experiences

Data AnalysisThe quantitative data from the questionnaires would be analyzed using statistical methods, such as calculating mean motivation scores and performing correlation analysis to determine relationships between motivation and specific factors (e.g., global status of English) The qualitative interview data would be analyzed thematically, identifying key themes such as "communication with non-native speakers" and "future career prospects."

Interpreting ResultsThe analysis might reveal that learners are highly motivated by the global importance of English and the opportunities it offers for communication and career advancement However, some participants might express that learning English is more of a necessity than a personal interest, indicating a more extrinsic form of motivation.

Writing the Research ReportThe final report would be structured as follows:Introduction: An overview of the research problem and the significance of studyingmotivation in language learning

Literature Review: A review of relevant theories and previous studies on language learning motivation and English as a global language

Methodology: A detailed description of the mixed-methods approach, including thedesign of the questionnaire and interview protocol

Results: A presentation of the quantitative and qualitative findings.Discussion: An interpretation of the findings in light of the research questions and the implications for language teaching practices

Conclusion: A summary of the research findings, their significance, and suggestions for future research

ĐỀ 2Research MethodologyAssignment: Topic 2Question 1: Main Contents of a Scientific Research ProposalA research proposal is a detailed plan outlining how a scientific research project will be conducted It provides a structured framework for the investigation and allows others to evaluate the significance and feasibility of the project Below are the key components of a research proposal:

TitleThe title should be concise and clearly reflect the research topic It serves as the first point of communication about the research, giving readers an understanding of the area being investigated A well-structured title might include both the main topic and the

focus of the study, for example, “The Impact of Social Media on English Language Acquisition among University Students.”

IntroductionThe introduction presents the background of the study and outlines the research problem It highlights the significance of the research, including why the topic is important, what gaps in knowledge it aims to fill, and what contributions it intends to make The introduction sets the context for the entire proposal by explaining the relevance of the chosen topic

Research ObjectivesThe research objectives are specific goals that the study aims to achieve These objectives guide the research process and determine the scope of the study Objectives should be clear, measurable, and directly related to the research questions For instance, aresearch objective might be to "examine the effect of social media platforms on the motivation of university students to improve their English speaking skills."

Research Questions or HypothesesResearch questions or hypotheses are the guiding inquiries of the study In qualitative research, the focus is often on open-ended research questions, while quantitative studies tend to use hypotheses, which are predictive statements that can be tested A research question for a linguistic study might be, "How do social media platforms influence students' ability to practice English in informal settings?"

Literature ReviewA literature review surveys existing studies and theoretical frameworks related to the research topic This section discusses key theories, models, and findings from

previous research, identifying gaps in knowledge that the proposed study will address The literature review establishes the context for the research and demonstrates the need for the proposed investigation

Research MethodologyThe methodology outlines the specific procedures the researcher will use to collect and analyze data This section should detail the research design, sampling methods, data collection techniques (such as surveys, interviews, or experiments), and data analysis methods The methodology should also explain why these methods are appropriate for answering the research questions

Scope and LimitationsThe scope defines the boundaries of the research, such as the time period, geographical location, or population being studied The limitations section identifies potential constraints that could affect the study’s findings, such as a small sample size or a short timeframe for data collection A well-defined scope and awareness of limitations ensure that the research remains feasible and focused.

Significance of the StudyThis section explains the potential contributions of the research to the academic field, the community, or society at large It highlights the expected outcomes and the implications of the research findings The significance of the study justifies why the research is worth conducting and how it could inform future studies or policy changes

Research ScheduleThe research schedule provides a timeline for completing different stages of the research This might include deadlines for conducting the literature review, collecting data, analyzing results, and writing the final report A well-structured schedule helps to ensure that the project is completed on time and within the proposed budget

ReferencesThe references section lists all the sources cited in the research proposal, including books, journal articles, and other relevant literature Proper citation of sources is essentialfor demonstrating the researcher’s engagement with existing scholarship and avoiding plagiarism

Question 2: Example of a Research Proposal on a Specific Topic in English Linguistics

To illustrate the components of a research proposal, let's create one based on the following topic:

"The Influence of Social Media on English Language Learning Among VietnameseUniversity Students."

TitleThe Influence of Social Media on English Language Learning Among Vietnamese University Students

Introduction

The rise of social media has revolutionized how people communicate, including how they learn languages Platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube have become popular among university students for language learning, offering opportunities for informal language practice and exposure to English content This study seeks to explore how Vietnamese university students use social media to enhance their English language skills and the extent to which these platforms impact their learning motivation and proficiency.

Research ObjectivesThe objectives of this research are:To assess how frequently and for what purposes Vietnamese students use social media to learn English

To evaluate the impact of social media on students' motivation to improve their English skills

To identify the most commonly used social media platforms for language learning and the features that contribute to language acquisition

Research QuestionsHow do Vietnamese university students use social media to enhance their English language learning?

What is the relationship between social media usage and students' motivation to improve their English skills?

Which social media platforms are most effective for supporting English language learning, and why?

Literature ReviewSeveral studies have examined the role of digital technologies in language learning,focusing on how online platforms facilitate informal learning environments Previous research has indicated that social media offers students opportunities to practice languageskills outside of traditional classroom settings, promoting both motivation and language retention However, few studies have specifically examined the role of social media in thecontext of Vietnamese learners of English This study seeks to fill this gap by

investigating the impact of social media on English language acquisition in Vietnam

Key theories, such as Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System and the Social Learning Theory, will be applied to understand how online interactions influence