En43 lý thuyết dịch Đề số 3

EN43_Lý thuyết dịch_đề số 1 EN43_Lý thuyết dịch_đề số 2 EN43_Lý thuyết dịch_đề số 3 EN43_Lý thuyết dịch_đề số 1 EN43_Lý thuyết dịch_đề số 2 EN43_Lý thuyết dịch_đề số 3

MID -TERM TEST ON TRANSLATION THEORIES

FOR STUDENTS OF ENGLISH (No 3)

Subject Code: EN43

Full name:

Date of birth:

I Answer the following questions: (40 points)

1 What are Nida's Linguistic Theories of Translating?

2 What are Nida's Sociolinguistic Theories of Translating?

(The file sent will be named after each student’s name Plagiarism will lead to failure)

1 Nida's Linguistic Theories of Translating: Eugene A Nida, a prominent figure in the

field of translation studies, developed several linguistic theories that have significantly influenced translation practice Some of Nida's key linguistic theories of translating include:

a Dynamic Equivalence: Nida introduced the concept of dynamic equivalence, which

suggests that the translator's primary goal is to convey the message and meaning of the source text (ST) in a way that is natural and idiomatic in the target language (TL), rather than adhering strictly to the form or structure of the original text This theory emphasizes the importance of the target audience's understanding and cultural context in translation

b Functional Equivalence: Building on dynamic equivalence, Nida proposed the

concept of functional equivalence, which focuses on achieving equivalent communicative functions between the ST and the translated text in the TL This theory emphasizes the importance of achieving the same effect or response in the target audience as intended by the source text, even if the linguistic forms differ

c Componential Analysis: Nida advocated for componential analysis as a method for

analyzing the meaning of words and phrases in translation This approach involves breaking down linguistic elements into their component parts and examining their semantic features and relationships By understanding the underlying components of meaning, translators can make more informed decisions about how to convey the intended message accurately in the target language

2 Nida's Sociolinguistic Theories of Translating: In addition to his linguistic theories,

Nida also contributed to the field of translation studies through his sociolinguistic theories, which consider the social and cultural factors that influence the translation process Some of Nida's sociolinguistic theories of translating include:

a Cultural Equivalence: Nida emphasized the importance of achieving cultural

equivalence in translation, which involves not only conveying the meaning of the source text accurately but also preserving the cultural nuances, values, and norms embedded in the original text This theory highlights the role of culture in shaping language and communication and underscores the need for translators to be culturally sensitive and aware

b Audience Analysis: Nida stressed the significance of audience analysis in translation,

suggesting that translators should consider the characteristics, preferences, and expectations of the target audience when producing translated texts By tailoring the translation to the needs and cultural background of the intended audience, translators can ensure that the message is received and understood effectively

c Sociolinguistic Variation: Nida recognized the importance of sociolinguistic variation

in translation, acknowledging that language use can vary depending on social factors such

as age, gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status Translators must be sensitive to these variations and adapt their language choices and strategies accordingly to produce translations that are appropriate and meaningful to diverse audiences

II Translation practice

1 Read the text and find out the features of the situational context (30 points)

He was a comely handsome fellow, perfectly well made, with straight, strong limbs, not too large, tall, and well shaped; and as I reckon, about twenty six years of age

He had a very good countenance, not a fierce and surly aspect, but seemed to have something very manly in his face; and yet he had all the sweetness and softness of a European in his countenance, too, especially when he smiled His hair was long and black, not curled like wool: his forehead very high and large; and a great vivacity and sparkling sharpness in his eyes The colour of his skin was not quite black, but very fawns His face was round and plump; his nose small, not flat like the Negroes, a very good mouth, thin lips, and his fine teeth well set and as white as ivory

.In a little time I began to speak to him, and teach him to speak to me: and, first, I let him know his name should be "FRIDAY", which was the day I saved his life I called

………

Field:

 The text describes a physical description of a character, focusing on his appearance and demeanor

 It includes details about the man's physical attributes such as his age, appearance, and personality

 The field is centered around character description and interpersonal interaction

Tenor:

 The interaction involves communication between two individuals: the narrator and the character being described

 The narrator seems to have a paternalistic relationship with the character, as he teaches him to speak and gives him a name

 The tone of the passage is descriptive and reflective

Mode:

 The mode of communication is primarily verbal, as the narrator speaks to the character and teaches him to speak

 There is an instructional aspect as the narrator teaches the character his name and presumably other aspects of communication

 The mode also includes internal reflection from the narrator about the character's appearance and behavior

2 Translate the text into Vietnamese (30 points)

Anh ta là một chàng trai đẹp trai, khỏe mạnh, thân hình cân đối với những bắp chân tay thẳng tắp, không quá to, cao ráo và vạm vỡ; theo như tôi đoán thì khoảng hai mươi sáu tuổi Gương mặt anh ta rất ưa nhìn, không hung dữ hay cau có, nhưng toát lên vẻ nam tính; đồng thời cũng mang nét dịu dàng mềm mại của người châu Âu, đặc biệt là khi anh

ta cười Mái tóc anh ta đen dài, không xoăn như len; trán cao và rộng; đôi mắt sáng ngời

và sắc sảo Màu da anh ta không hẳn là đen, mà ngăm ngăm Khuôn mặt tròn trịa; mũi

nhỏ, không tẹt như người Nê-grô; miệng đẹp, môi mỏng, hàm răng trắng đều như ngà voi

Sau một thời gian ngắn, tôi bắt đầu nói chuyện với anh ta, dạy anh ta nói chuyện với tôi Đầu tiên, tôi cho anh ta biết tên của anh ta sẽ là "Thứ Sáu", vì đó là ngày tôi cứu mạng anh ta Tôi gọi anh ta như vậy để ghi nhớ ngày hôm đó