Thanks to this technology, it is now extremely easy to create products with high accuracy relative to samples.Fig 1.1: 3D scanning concept3D scanning machine is a process that determines
SCAN 3D MACHINE
The 3D scanning machine concept
3D scanning machine is understood as a method to help capture physical objects in the form of 3D geometry (CAD) 3D scanning machine is one of the major breakthroughs in the industrial revolution 4.0 Thanks to this technology, it is now extremely easy to create products with high accuracy relative to samples.
3D scanning machine is a process that determines the surface shape of an object in three dimensions to create a 3D digital model Scanning 3D objects has opened a new turning point in 3D technology.
Thanks to 3D scanning, any physical model that exists in the world can be modeled with digital data in a short time Thanks to its high applicability, this technology is applied in many fields from manufacturing, mechanics, archeology, and health to transportation and construction
Advantages & Disadvantages of 3D scanners
Precise and Accurate: 3D scanners can capture highly precise and accurate measurements of an object or environment, which can be useful for creating detailed plans or models.
Efficient: Automated 3D scanning processes can be much more efficient than traditional measuring techniques, which can save time and reduce costs.
Non-invasive: Many 3D scanning techniques are non-invasive, which means they do not require physical contact with the object or the environment This reduces the risk of damage or alteration to the object or environment during the scanning process.
Versatile: 3D scanning can be used in a wide range of applications across various industries, including architecture, engineering, healthcare, and manufacturing. Cost-effective: Some 3D scanning techniques, such as photogrammetry, can be less expensive than other 3D scanning techniques, making them more accessible to industries or individuals with limited budgets.
High cost: some 3D scanners are expensive and require skilled professionals to operate them, which can increase the cost of implementing a 3D scanning program. Data processing: Collecting and processing 3D data can be time-consuming, and software to process the data can also be expensive.
Limited resolution: some 3D scanners have limited resolution, which means they may not be suitable for capturing detailed or complex objects.
Safety concerns: Certain types of 3D scanners, such as those that use X-ray or Gamma rays, can pose a safety risk or require special precautions to use safely. Specialized knowledge: Some 3D scanning techniques require specialized knowledge or training, which may not be accessible to all users.
Overall, while 3D scanners have many advantages, users should be aware of potential disadvantages and limitations in order to make informed decisions about which type of scanner or technique is well suited for their specific needs.
Popular types of 3D scanning technology
A structured-light 3D scanner is a type of 3D scanning device that uses projected light patterns to capture the 3D geometry of objects or environments This method involves projecting a known pattern of light onto the subject, which is captured by one or more cameras from different angles The distortion of the pattern on the object's surface due to its shape is then used to calculate the 3D coordinates of each point on the surface.
The pattern can take various forms, such as grids, stripes, or dots, and can be either static or dynamic With dynamic patterns, projections are quickly switched, allowing for faster scans with a higher level of detail.
Structured-light scanners can be used to scan small to medium-sized objects and are often used in manufacturing, rapid prototyping, reverse engineering, and quality control They are also used in cultural heritage preservation, medical imaging, and virtual and augmented reality applications The benefits of structured-light 3D scanners include fast scan times, high levels of accuracy, and ease of use.
This technology works by emitting laser beams onto the surface of an object Next record the data of the laser on the object surface by the sensor Easier to understand, when the laser is projected onto the surface of an object with a clear low altitude, the output data will be the low altitude of that laser Laser 3D scanning technology has been developed through product lines such as handheld 3D scanners.
A Laser 3D scanner is a device that uses laser technology to capture the three- dimensional shape of an object or environment The scanner emits laser light onto the surface of the object and measures the time it takes for the reflected light to return to the scanner Based on this information, the scanner can calculate the distance from the scanner to the object surface at each point, creating a point cloud of the object’s surface.
This point cloud can then be processed by specialized software to generate a 3D model of the object Laser 3D scanners typically have high accuracy and can capture fine details, making them ideal for applications such as reverse engineering, quality control, and inspection in manufacturing industries.
Laser 3D scanners come in different types, such as handheld, tripod-mounted, or robotic arm-mounted, each with its own strengths and limitations They are also used in applications such as cultural heritage preservation, medical imaging, and virtual and augmented reality Some of the key benefits of laser 3D scanning include high accuracy, fast scanning speeds, and the ability to capture complex shapes and fine details that may be difficult or impossible to measure with traditional methods X-ray 3D scanner:
An X-ray 3D scanner is a device that uses X-ray technology to capture the three- dimensional structure of an object's internal components The scanner emits X-rays, which pass through the object and are detected by a sensor on the opposite side The image captured by the sensor, in combination with specialized software, is used to create a 3D model of the object's internal structure.
X-ray 3D scanners are often used in the fields of non-destructive testing and industrial inspection to detect flaws, voids, or other internal defects in materials that may be difficult or impossible to detect using other methods They are also widely used in medical imaging to produce three-dimensional images of the human body.
One of the key advantages of X-ray 3D scanning is the ability to capture accurate and precise data on the internal structure of objects without damaging or altering them. However, X-ray 3D scanning does involve a small amount of radiation exposure, so it must be used with discretion and safety protocols in place.
Overall, X-ray 3D scanners are an effective tool for obtaining detailed and accurate data on the internal structure of objects, and have a wide range of applications in various industries, including manufacturing, aerospace, agriculture, and medical imaging.
Photogrammetry 3D scanning is a process of capturing three-dimensional data using photographic images This process involves taking multiple photographs of an object or environment from different angles and positions and then using software to analyze the images to generate a 3D model.
The software uses various techniques such as triangulation, feature matching, and perspective analysis to identify corresponding points in the images and calculate their relative positions Using this process, the software can generate a 3D point cloud, which can be further processed to create a 3D model.
Photogrammetry 3D scanning can be done using a single camera or multiple cameras, which can be either fixed or mobile It is often used in surveying, architectural design, cultural heritage, and virtual reality applications It can also be used in the film and video game industry for creating realistic visual effects and environments.
One of the main advantages of photogrammetry 3D scanning is that it can capture a large amount of data quickly and efficiently, making it ideal for scanning large areas or objects It can also be less expensive compared to other 3D scanning techniques, as it does not require specialized equipment.
Overall, photogrammetry 3D scanning is a versatile and effective tool for capturing three-dimensional data from photographic images, and it has a wide range of applications in various industries.
Application in the life of 3D Scanners
3D scanners have a wide variety of applications in various industries, as well as in our daily lives Here are some examples:
In the design industry: Although it means reverse engineering, the application of 3D scanning technology in the design is to bring files in STL format with triangular mesh data From that format, the designer will process and reconstruct the accurate 3D model for the most accurate mold, prototyping, or programming support.
Fig 1.6:3D scanning technology and its application in design
Manufacturing: 3D scanners are widely used in the manufacturing industry to capture the precise dimensions of objects and components for product design, quality control, and inspection.
Fig 1.7: 3D scanning technology and applications in the manufacturing industry
Architecture and construction: 3D scanners are used in architecture and construction to capture accurate measurements and create 3D models of buildings,infrastructure, and other structures.
Fig 1.11: In the field of coordinate surveying
Arts and Entertainment: 3D scanning is increasingly used in the field of entertainment, such as movie making and video game development, to capture 3D models of characters, objects, and environments.
Education and research: 3D scanners are used in the field of education and research to create 3D models of historical artifacts and natural specimens, improving the preservation and accessibility of these items.
Automotive and Aerospace: 3D scanners are used in the automotive and aerospace industries to capture precise measurements and create 3D models of parts and components, for design, testing, and maintenance purposes.
Consumer products: 3D scanners are widely used for customization and personalization of consumer products, such as footwear, glasses, and other clothing items.
Overall, 3D scanners have a broad range of applications in various industries,helping to improve processes, reduce costs, and provide greater accuracy and efficiency in a variety of fields- from manufacturing to healthcare, research to consumer goods.
Structure of a 3D scanner machine
The structure of a 3D scanner machine can vary depending on the type of scanner and its intended application However, most 3D scanners have the following basic components:
A camera or sensor: This is the primary component of the scanner that captures data about the object being scanned Some scanners use a single camera or sensor,while others use multiple cameras or sensors to capture data from different angles.
A light source: Most 3D scanners use a light source to illuminate the object being scanned, allowing the camera or sensor to capture more accurate data The type of light source used can vary, with some scanners using lasers, structured light patterns, or even natural light.
A positioning system: To capture accurate data, most 3D scanners need to precisely position the object being scanned and the camera or sensor This positioning system can be built into the scanner itself or can be an external component.
Data processing software: Once the scanner has captured data about the object, it needs to be processed by specialized software to create a 3D model This software can be included with the scanner or can be purchased separately.
Display and interface: Many 3D scanners have a built-in display that allows the user to see the scanned data in real time They also have user-friendly interfaces that allow users to adjust settings and customize the scanning process.
Overall, the components of a 3D scanner work together to capture precise data about an object and create a 3D model that can be used in a variety of applications.
Working principle of scan3D machine
The working principle of a 3D scanning machine is to capture information about an object and create a comprehensive 3D model of it This process involves the following steps:
Object preparation: First, the object must be prepared for scanning The object needs to be placed on a calibrated and precisely controlled background.
Scanning the object: Once the object is prepared, the 3D scanning machine will use its light source and camera or sensors to scan the object from multiple angles, capturing the data points to create a 3D point cloud.
Data processing: The 3D point cloud information is imported into data processing software to create a 3D model of the object The software uses algorithms to create a detailed 3D model with dimensional information, shape, and smaller details.
Create a 3D model: The point cloud data is used to create an accurate 3D model of the object This 3D model can be exported to file formats such as STL, OBJ or PLY and can be used for 3D printing or for other applications such as simulation and design.
In summary, the working principle of a 3D scanning machine is to collect data points about an object from multiple angles, process that data and create an accurately detailed 3D model of the object This process provides dimensional information,shape, and detail of the object for use in various applications.
Technical requirements of a 3D scanner machine
There are several technical requirements that a 3D scanner machine should meet to ensure its efficient and accurate performance Some of these requirements include:
High Accuracy: A 3D scanner machine must have high accuracy to detect small details in an object and provide accurate measurements in the 3D model The accuracy of 3D scanning machine should be below 0.1mm for detailed scans.
High Resolution: The 3D scanner machine must have high resolution sensors or cameras to capture high-quality images of the object being scanned The resolution should be at least 640 x 480 or better for capturing fine details.
High Speed: The 3D scanner machine should have a high scanning speed to reduce the time taken to scan an object A high-speed scanner can capture more data points in less time Scan3D machine should be capable of scanning at a minimum rate of 30 frames per second.
Automatic Calibration: The 3D scanner machine should feature automatic calibration to ensure its accuracy and quality of data Calibration is essential to align the axis of the sensors and to get the accurate result.
Portability: For ease of use and to increase its usefulness, a 3D scanner machine should be compact and portable to carry it around from one location to another. User-friendly software: The software used to process the data, such as 3D model creation, should be simple to use with a user-friendly interface to help make the process simpler and faster.
Compatibility: The 3D scanner machine should be compatible with different operating systems to ensure universal use and easy transferring of files to different devices.
In conclusion, a 3D scanner machine should have high accuracy, high resolution, high speed, automatic calibration portability, user-friendly software, and compatibility to ensure efficient, accurate, timely, and mobile 3D scanning operations.
Maintenance instructions of Scan 3D machine
To ensure the stable operation and longevity of a 3D scanner machine, it is vital to follow the manufacturer's maintenance instructions and recommendations Below are some general guidelines for the maintenance of the 3D scanner machine:
Regular cleaning of the machine: The scanner should be cleaned frequently to remove any dust, debris, or fingerprints The lens surface and camera parts should be carefully cleaned and maintained to avoid any contamination or damage.
Ensure proper storage and transportation: The scanner should be stored in its original packaging or a suitable protective case when not in use or during transportation Avoid exposing the scanner to extreme temperature or humidity changes, as this can lead to damage or inaccurate results.
Calibrate the scanner: Regular calibration of the scanner is necessary to ensure accurate and consistent results Calibration can be performed using calibration targets or software provided by the manufacturer Follow the instructions from the manufacturer for calibration and software updates.
Check for firmware and software updates: Regularly check for any available firmware or software updates provided by the manufacturer to ensure the scanner is up-to-date and to maintain its optimal performance.
Check for wear and tear: Regularly inspect the scanner for signs of wear and tear such as cracks, dents, or scratches on the exterior or lens surface These types of damage to the scanner can affect the accuracy and result in a loss of data.
Avoid physical damage: The scanner should be protected from physical damage and impacts Avoid dropping or knocking the scanner, which may cause irreversible damage to the internal and external components.
By following these maintenance guidelines, the 3D scanner machine can last for many years while maintaining its accuracy and performance.
COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE (CMM)
Coordinate Measuring Machine concept
A coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is an advanced and versatile measuring device It is a device that can measure the geometric characteristics of objects with high accuracy, including three-dimensional coordinates, surface profiles, and other critical part features.
The CMM concept relies on a position sensor to measure X, Y, and Z coordinates for specific parts of an object, enabling the creation of a 3D model Typically, a CMM can use contact or non-contact measurement methods such as laser sensors or machine vision to obtain the 3D model.
Fig 2.1: Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM)
CMM machines are commonly used in quality control processes to measure dimensions such as length, width, sample measurement, angle measurement, direction, or depth Additionally, the machines provide convenience for the sampling or shaping stages during production.
By applying 3D measuring machines, not only can the accuracy of parts or final products be improved, but the inspection process can also be shortened, thus increasing productivity and output for the factory while ensuring the product's quality.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Coordinate Measuring Machine
High Precision: CMM provides accurate measurement data, making it the best measurement tool for highly precise objects.
Time-Saving: With automatic measurement and scanning features, CMM speeds up the inspection process, reducing the time required to check parts manually. Accuracy: The computerized nature of CMM reduces the possibility of human error, ensuring measurement accuracy.
Customization: CMM can be customized to meet specific measurement needs, offering flexibility in measurement applications.
Data Analysis: CMM generates data in a format that is easy to understand and analyze, helping to identify any issues in the manufacturing process.
High Cost: The cost of a CMM machine can be high, which may be difficult for small or medium-sized businesses to afford.
Maintenance: CMM requires regular maintenance to ensure proper operation and to keep it in optimal condition.
Complexity: CMM is a complex machine and may require specialized training for operators and programmers.
Environmental Limitations: CMM may be affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and vibrations, which may affect measurement accuracy.
Size Limitations: CMM size limitations may restrict its ability to measure larger parts, and multiple CMMs may be needed to inspect larger objects.
Overall, CMM is a highly accurate measurement tool that saves time, provides data analysis, and improves manufacturing processes However, the cost, maintenance,and environmental limitations may make it less suitable for all manufacturing
Classification of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM)
CMMs are classified based on various criteria, including structure, measurement method, size, and accuracy Here are some main classifications:
A bridge CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is a type of three-dimensional measuring device that uses a bridge-like structure to support the horizontal arm and probe that moves along the surface of the workpiece The term "bridge" comes from the design of the CMM, which consists of a horizontal arm that moves along the X- axis, a vertical column that moves along the Z-axis, and a bridge-like structure that connects the two, allowing for movement along the Y-axis.
The bridge CMM is commonly used in manufacturing industries where precise measurements are required, such as aerospace, automotive, and medical device manufacturing It uses a combination of mechanical, electronic, and software systems to accurately measure the dimensions and features of an object The structure is typically made from a high-rigidity material, such as granite, to ensure stability and accuracy during measurement.
The bridge CMM works by moving the probe along the surface of the workpiece, while the sensors attached to the arm detect its position and orientation This information is then processed by the software to create a 3D model of the object being measured.
Compared to other types of CMMs, the bridge CMM typically has a larger measuring range, making it suitable for measuring larger parts or assemblies. However, it can be limited by its size, as the size of the workpiece being measured must fit within the available measurement volume.
A horizontal arm CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is a type of 3- dimensional measuring device that uses a horizontal arm to move the probe around the surface of a workpiece It uses a combination of mechanical, electronic, and software systems to accurately measure the dimensions and features of an object.
The horizontal arm CMM typically consists of a granite surface plate, a horizontal arm that can move along the X and Y axes, a vertical column that moves along the Z
17 axis, and a probe that is attached to the end of the arm The arm contains a number of sensors that measure its position, orientation, and movement, and this information is processed by the software to generate a 3D model of the object being measured.
The horizontal arm CMM is widely used in manufacturing industries where precise measurements are required, such as aerospace, automotive, and medical device manufacturing It is capable of measuring complex geometries and can be used to inspect everything from small parts to large assemblies.
A rotary table CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is a type of CMM that uses a rotary table to support and rotate the workpiece being measured The rotary table is typically mounted on the CMM's measuring platform, and is used to position the workpiece at different angles for measurement.
This type of CMM is often used in industries such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing, where complex geometries are common and measurements must be taken at multiple angles The rotary table allows for measurements to be taken at almost any angle, which makes it highly versatile.
Fig 2.3:: Multiple stylus Probe Head
The rotary table CMM typically consists of a measuring platform, a support structure for the rotary table, a probe system, and software for data analysis The probe system is used to collect data points on the workpiece surface, which are then processed by the software to create a 3D model of the part being measured.
One advantage of the rotary table CMM is its ability to measure features on cylindrical or spherical surfaces, which are difficult or impossible to measure with other types of CMMs Another advantage is the ability to measure multiple features on a workpiece without the need to reposition it This improves efficiency and reduces measurement time.
The rotary table CMM is available in various sizes and accuracy levels to meet different measurement requirements It is commonly used in conjunction with other metrology equipment, such as laser scanners, to create a comprehensive measurement system.
A portable CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) is a type of CMM that is designed to be easily transported to different locations and set up for measuring tasks.
It is typically smaller and lighter than traditional stationary CMMs, allowing it to be used in areas where space is limited or where it is not feasible to move the parts to a stationary CMM.
Portable CMMs usually consist of a handheld probe, a tracking device, and software for data analysis The tracking device may use a variety of technologies, such as cameras or lasers, to create a coordinate system for the probe The handheld probe is used to touch the part being measured at various points, collecting geometric data that is processed by the software to create a 3D model.
One advantage of portable CMMs is their flexibility in measuring large or complex parts that cannot be moved or require precise measurements in situ They are
19 also useful for measurement tasks in the field or for managing quality inspections in production runs where the parts need to be checked at different stages of production.
Portable CMMs are available in different sizes and accuracy levels to meet varying measurement needs They are commonly used in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and shipbuilding, where parts are often large and require accurate measurements in situ.
According to the measurement method:
Structure of Coordinate Measuring Machine
The structure of a Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) typically consists of the following components:
Base: The base is the foundation of the CMM, on which other components of the machine are mounted The base is made of a rigid material, like granite or cast iron, to ensure stability and accuracy.
Bridge: The bridge is a horizontal beam that spans over the measurement area and moves along the X-axis The bridge houses the Y-axis drive and measurement systems.
Column: The column is a vertical and stationary structure that provides stability to the bridge and supports the Z-axis drive and measurement systems High-end CMMs may have multiple columns for added stability.
Probe: The probe is the measurement tool that touches the surface Gantryof the object being measured and records positional data The probe may be a touch-trigger probe, a scanning probe, or a non-contact probe, depending on the measurement requirements.
Common types of probes on a CMM:
Controller: The controller is the brain of the CMM that manages machine movements and measurements It takes input from the software and translates it into the physical movements of the machine.
Software: The software is the user interface that allows the operator to set up measurement routines, collect data, and analyze results The software may also provide advanced functions like CAD comparison and reverse engineering.
Some popular data Horizontal processing software for CMM machines include:
Statistical Process Control (SPC) software
Drive system: The CMM uses precision motors and positioning devices to move the probe in three-dimensional space The X-axis and Y-axis are typically driven by linear motors, while the Z-axis is driven by a precision ball screw.
Air bearings: High-end CMMs may use air bearings to float the machine on a cushion of air, reducing friction and enabling smooth and precise movements.
Overall, the structure of a CMM is designed to provide high levels of accuracy,precision, and repeatability in the three-dimensional measurement of objects The various components of the machine work together to ensure that the measurements are reliable and repeatable, even over extended.
Uses of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM)
CMMs are commonly used for dimensional measurement, specimen testing, angle, direction, or depth plots, and duplicating or forming measurements With the function of measuring 3-dimensional coordinates X, Y, Z with high accuracy CMM helps people to measure the size of a product in a better way Making it possible for the manufactured part to be assembled accurately or for products that require high accuracy after production, a coordinate measuring machine is manufactured to take care of this job.
With the point station measuring head of the CMM coordinate measuring machine, it will have the function of detecting coordinates with extremely high accuracy, helping to measure the details of objects that are easy to change in size such as rubber, ect, Soft plastics,…….
The CMM machine control system by software makes it possible to move the coordinates accurately without machine vibration even when measuring manually. CMM 3-D measuring machine is capable of measuring 3 dimensions of objects with very high precision resolution Not only measuring the length of the machine, but also measuring the cylindrical roundness and concentricity of the bore on the production part.
In addition, the 3-D measuring machine also has the function of creating dimension drawings of actual products with 3-D (3D) Laser scanners.
Working principle of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM)
Start the CMM machine and set up the necessary measurement parameters These parameters include:
Type of measurement sensor: CMM machines can use different types of sensors such as touch probes, optical sensors, or laser sensors Choosing the appropriate sensor type for the object being measured is crucial for achieving the highest accuracy.
Measuring speed: The measuring speed is set to adjust the sensor's speed on the surface of the object being measured This also affects accuracy and measuring time.
Resolution: The resolution determines the smallest detail of the measurement data Typically, the higher the resolution, the better the accuracy. Rotating speed of the measuring table: The rotating speed of the measuring table is set to rotate the table during measurement This also affects measuring time.
Measurement method: CMM machines can use different measurement methods such as point measurement, line measurement, and surface measurement Choosing the appropriate measurement method for the object being measured is crucial.
Coordinate system: CMM machines can use different coordinate systems such as linear coordinate systems and spherical coordinate systems Setting the correct coordinate system is also crucial for ensuring measurement accuracy. Place the object to be measured on the measuring table of the CMM and fix its position.
Use the measuring sensors on the CMM machine to measure points on the object, thereby determining the coordinates of those points relative to the coordinate system.
Use CMM software to compare the measured coordinates with the preset coordinates of the object, thereby determining measurement errors.
The control software of the CMM machine has the function of collecting measurement data from the sensors on the machine and calculating measurement parameters such as coordinates, diameter, curvature, and deviation To compare measured coordinates, the software uses data analysis tools to compare measurement data with a pre-defined 3D model.
The steps to compare measured coordinates on CMM software include:
Setting up a 3D model: Firstly, a 3D model of the object being measured is created on CAD software or imported from existing CAD files This model will be used to compare with measurement data.
Collect measurement data: After setting up the 3D model, measurement data will be collected by the sensors on the CMM machine.
Process measurement data: The measurement data will be processed and calculated by the control software to create measurement coordinates and other measurement parameters.
Compare measurement data with 3D model: The measurement data is compared to the 3D model to determine the accuracy of the measurement data. The software will calculate the distance between measured coordinates and the points on the 3D model, then display the comparison results on the screen. Evaluate the results: Finally, the comparison results are evaluated to determine the accuracy of the measurement data and provide any necessary adjustments.
Display measurement results and store measurement
Application of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) 33 2.8 Maintenance instructions of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) .34
Currently, CMM is being widely used in many industries, with different and very diverse applications:
Quality control, mapping, and shaping in the production of aircraft and aircraft Quality control, mapping and shaping in automobile manufacturing
Quality control, mapping and shaping in electronics manufacturing
Quality inspection, mapping and shaping in the energy industry
Quality control, mapping and shaping in medical device manufacturing Quality control, fitting and shaping in other manufacturing industries
2.8 Maintenance instructions of Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM)
To ensure the stable operation of a CMM, it is important to follow manufacturer instructions for regular maintenance and upkeep Below are some general guidelines for CMM maintenance:
Regular cleaning of the machine: The surface of the CMM should be cleaned regularly to remove dust and debris In particular, the moving parts along the X,
Y, and Z axis should be cleaned thoroughly to remove oil and dirt.
Ensure proper temperature and humidity: The CMM should be placed in a room with appropriate temperature and humidity to avoid affecting accuracy and stability.
Store components and parts carefully: The components and parts of the machine should be stored in a dry and stable environment to avoid damage or deterioration.
Use a stable power supply: The CMM requires a stable power supply with good quality to avoid any impact to the machine's operation.
Perform regular maintenance: The parts and components should be checked and replaced periodically to ensure the stable operation and accuracy of the machine.
Use appropriate accessories and tools: Use specialized accessories and tools specifically designed for the CMM to avoid damaging the machine and reducing its accuracy.