Chuyên đề tốt nghiệp: Advantages and disadvantages of using google translate in english-vietnamese translation process,senior business english majors,neu

NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ENGLISHTopic: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING GOOGLE TRANSLATE IN ENGLISH- VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION

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NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ENGLISH

Topic: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING GOOGLE

TRANSLATE IN ENGLISH- VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION PROCESS,SENIOR BUSINESS ENGLISH MAJORS,NEU

Hanoi, November, 2022

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NATIONAL ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ENGLISH

Topic: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF USING GOOGLE

TRANSLATE IN ENGLISH-VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION

PROCESS,SENIOR BUSINESS ENGLISH MAJORS,NEU

Supervisor : Le Thuy Linh, MA

Hanoi, November, 2022

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Nguyễn Thị Diễm Lộc — 11193128 - Business English 61B

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I would like to express my sincere thanks and deep gratitude to theteachers at the National Economics University, especially the teachers in theschool's English department for creating conditions for me to study in thedepartment and have plenty of time to graduate And I also sincerely thank to

Ms Le Thuy Linh enthusiastically guided me to complete the internship topicwell

In the process of doing the internship, due to limited knowledge andpractical experience, the report cannot avoid its shortcomings Therefore, I lookforward to receiving comments from teachers so that I can learn more skills andexperience and will better complete this graduation assignment

Sincerely

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SL Source language

TL Target language

ii

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LIST OF FIGURES, CHART

Figure 1.1 Conceptual FrareWOK - . s + 11 19311911 91111911 11 vn ng 4

Figure 2.1 Translation as a continuum by Larson (1984: 17) 11

Figure 2.2.Translation process by Larson ( 1984::4) - sec 15 Figure 2.3 Translation process by Nida and Taber (1982: 33) 15

Figure 2.4 The Strategies of Using Google Translate (Nida and Taber ,1969) 17

Chart 4.1: Percentage of people who have used Google 'Translafe 22

Chart 4.2: Percentage of how often people use Google Translate 23

Chart 4.3: Percentage of things they like best about Google Translate 24

Chart 4.4: Percentage of documents users use Google Translate to translate 25

Chart 4.5: Percentage of queries Google Translate can help users except for I0) 10100 26

Chart 4.6: Percentage of places where users can use Google Translate 27

Chart 4.7: Percentage of difficulties when users use Google Translate to translate from English to Vietnamese c:cccsscessseeeseeeeneceseeceseeeeeeesaeeeseeeaes 28 Chart 4.8: How often do Google Translate translations cost you time to edit? 29 Chart 4.9: Percentage of possible Google Translate ©TTOTS s5 «+ «+++ 30 Chart 4.10: Percentage of cases where Google Translate often makes mistakes 31

1H

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TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF ABBREVIA TIONS HH HH HH HH HH HH Hàng ilLIST OF FIGURES, CHARÌT - 5 2G 3 19T TH HH HH Hà HH 11IV.):0-19)099)0000011 ivCHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 7G ng ng ng nh ưưn 11.1 Rationale of the Stud 2 11.2 Objectives of the Study eee esessesseeseesecsecseseceeceseeseesecsessecsessesseeeseaseaeeaeeaeeaes 21.3 Research QU€SẨIOTNS c1 HH HH nh re 21.4 Scope of the Study - - HH1 TT HT TH HH HH nh 31.5.Singnificant of the Study Ác 1112111 1119 1119 11H TH HH ng kh 31.6 Conceptual FTaf€WOTÍK s11 3991183111311 1 91111 11 91 11 HH HH nh 3CHAPTER II LITERUATURE REVIEỀW HH HH HH ng ngu 52.1 Translation theory óc xnnH HHHTHn HT HH 52.1.1 Definition of franSÏafIOTI - ok nh ng nh ng ng nh cư 5

°" 4c) 06 ion 6

PC JNÀ) Tố) CC 92.1.4 The importance of trarnSÏafIOTI - <2 331133113911 3911 9 11 8 11 11 1g ng ngư 112.1.5 The Problem in Translation Process - G2 S3 S*Sv kệ, 122.2 Machine frannsÏafIOT - 5 «+ + 31x 9 TT TH ng HH 132.2.1.The history/development of machine transÏat1OH 5 55+ +5 s*++s£++eessx 13

"€0 0n 142.2.3 Google translation DFOC€SS - - - Ăn TT HH HH 142.2.4 The Strategies of Using Google 'TransÌafe - - - s + x*sxn ggrưy 152.2.5 The Problem of Using Google TransÏate - - 5 5 5+ + rireerrrrke 162.2.6 The relationship between translation and google transÏation - -‹ 16CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY Gv HH HH ngàng trệt 203.1 Research Methods - - s9 HH TH HH ke 203.2 Research Subject - «<< 1k1 HH HH HH HH 203.3 Research instruments - G5 2 1 91011930 319v nh TH nh ng 20

iv

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3.4 Data collection DTOC€CUTS, - 5G 13 TH HH HH 21

CHAPTER 4 FINDING AND DISCUSSIONS - Ăn, 22

4.1 Be student’s advantages in using google traSÏaf€ - -+ssssssssseeseersseers 24

CHAPTER 5 RECOMMENDA TION LH HH HH HH Hnrkt 32

5.1 The strategies related to language cormpef€ïIC€ - -.- 5 <6 + + kskkseesseessre 32

5.1.1 Prior to practicing the pronunciation, repeat the speaker's speech and

comprehend the word COTIf€XÍS - 5G 1119930119911 9 11 91011101 TH HH 32

5.1.2 Reading dictionary phonetic trafISCTIDẨIOTNS - 5 5 5 1E + EEsseeeeeeereereee 32

5.1.3 recognizing the text's primary idea while reading - «+ cscseceeecee 33

5.1.4 Reviewing the original language before translating -. -« «c+ce<c<«+ 33

5.1.5 Examining the grammar translation's results - 5 55+ +++x++erseeeereeeeee 34

5.2.The Google Translate Technology-Related Strategies - «+ +ss sex 34

5.2.1 Using headset to get clear listening Error! Bookmark not defined

5.2.2.Setting the accent speaker's website address (British or American).Error! Bookmark notb9 oi 0i 01 34

5.2.4 Translating sentences maximum 5000 words long and Converting into

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CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Rationale of the study

It is popularly admitted that Language is an essential component of oursociety's cultural richness, as well as the world's in general However, in order tostay up with the global standards in today's world, also known as the worldwidecommunity, we must grasp English, an international language Today, English isoften regarded as the most widely used language for exchanging information andideas among many nations and cultures Countries can have mutualunderstanding and a sense of global citizenship in this multilingual environmentthanks to their English translated versions It is regarded as an effective method

of learning to understand diverse cultures, communities, and people." People canget insight into their own culture and civilization by making comparisons, as well

as mutually trade countries' beauty of cultural values Furthermore, in today'speriod when countries are integrating for overall growth, English translatedversion helps induviduals comprehend each other better in the process ofdiplomatic relations, economic cooperation, and other fields Therefore, Englishtranslation has steadily become a necessary and pressing tool that lays thegroundwork for the global success of individuals, organizations, and evencorporations in today's more developed society and fierce competition When aresult, as Vietnam becomes a member of the World Trade Organization,Vietnamese students of English must have excellent translation skills so that theycan meet the demand for integration into the global economy and culturalexchange with other nations As a result, mastering translation skills isunquestionably advantageous for Vietnamese students seeking in the futureemployment

In the era of integration, universities are also paying special attention totraining English majors with intensive translation skills as well as other Englishskills so that they can contribute their competence its true language for thedevelopment of society To accomplish this task well, understanding thedifficulties of Vietnamese students when studying translation, Vietnamese -English translation is considered by National Economics University as a subject

of practical significance for Vietnamese students English majors begin theirsecond year of interpreting courses Understanding the importance of learning

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Vietnamese - English translation, students always want to improve theirtranslation skills

However, translation is an art that requires a lot of practice, expertise inboth source language and target language According to Searls-Ridge (2000),

“Good translation skills are not born from birth, but from diligent practice Everyforeign language learner can become excellent translators if they go through the

process of studying and practicing translation constantly” With the explosion of

scientific and technological achievements today, choosing a useful onlinetranslation tool is not too difficult for foreign language learners in general andstudents of spoken language in particular However, to best support their foreignlanguage translation practice, learners should also equip themselves with reliabletranslation tools The “Google Translate” tool is one of the popular online

translation tools “Google Translate provides one billion translations every day to

more than 200 million users” (Shankland, 2013) Just with an electronic devicewith an internet connection such as a computer, iPad, smartphone, etc., users canaccess the translation immediately and without any cost (Anazawa et al, 2013)

So, does "Google Translate" really bring the best utilities for language majorstudents? Is “Google Translate” really the most reliable tool for translating fromEnglish to Vietnamese for language students? In this article, the rearcher wants tomention the advantages and disadvantages in using the "Google Translate" tool

to support English to Vietnamese translation for senior year language majorstudents at National Economic university in the process of translation process

1.2 Objectives of the Study

The study is aimed at advantages and disadvantages of using Google translate inEnglish Vietnamese translation process, focusing on senior of BE major at NEU.The objective of study are:

a) Analyze the advantages of google translate in the translation process

b) Analyze the disadvantages of google translate in the translation process

1.3 Research questions

To conduct the study: "Advantages and disadvantages of using google translate

in English — Vietnamese translation process, Senior English Majors, NEU", theresearcher needed to complete the following two research questions:

- What advantages when senior Business English majors use Google Translate totranslate from English to Vietnamese?

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- What disadvantages when senior Business English majors use Google Translate

to translate from English to Vietnamese?

1.4 Scope of the Study

Content scope: The research focused on advantages and disadvantages of usingGoogle translate in English Vietnamese translation process,120 senior BusinessEnglish majors, NEU

Geographical scope: The research is based on National Economics University

Time scope: The research was conducted from September 2022 to October, 20221.5.Singnificant of the study

The results of this research are expected to be beneficial for:

1) Google Translate’s users

The author hopes that the study's findings will help users to know about googletranslate's advantages and disadvantages so the users will use Google Translatemore wisely

2) The Linguists

The result of the study is with the hope that it will be very useful for the linguist

to be succeed in general and making new conclusion in particular

to construct new knowledge using his or her past information by employing based tools (GT tools), (Koohang et al 2009)

web-The second idea, known as the "personal learning environment hypothesis,"supports lifelong, informal education where students with various learningpreferences can profit from the classroom setting (the Web and GT) (Attwell,2007) Thus, this idea makes it easier for learners—those with various learningpreferences—to use GT for informal, individual translation of various texts in

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and out of the classroom The study addressed the problems with GT and thevalue of GT based on the principles of these theories The study also aims topointout the flaws and shortcomings of machine learning

Machine Leaming

Gough Transte

Contacts Personalleaming

theory Eweemerit theory

Drawhatks and mistakes of Google

Hrarsbte

Figure 1.1 Conceptual Framework

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CHAPTER II LITERUATURE REVIEW

2.1 Translation theory

2.1.1 Definition of translation

Translation has been characterized in a variety of ways by various writers

in the discipline Based on how the interpreter comprehend translation andlanguage, According to Choliludin (2007: 3), “Translation is a process thatconverts a written source language text into a text in the target language that is

optimally equivalent to the source language”, which mean this process requires

the translator to be aware of the syntactic, semantic, stylistic, and text pragmaticcomponents of the original text

Beside, Nida, E.A and Taber.C.R.(1974) also claimed “Translationinvolves re-creating the message's closest natural counterpart of the targetlanguage, first in terms of meaning and subsequently in terms of style Both ofthe aforementioned definitions imply that translation needs the use of twolanguages: the target or receptor language (TL or RL) and the source language(SL) Translation is the process of transferring the meaning of a text written in

SL into a text written in TL

Another definition introduced by Foster (1958:1) , he said that “Translation

is a mental process that entails transferring the meaning of a certain linguisticconversation from one language to another" It entails translating linguisticnotions from one language into equivalents in the other The process oftranslating entails transferring the content of a text from its originating languageinto the target language The source language (SL) is the language that must betranslated, whereas the target language (TL) is the language into which thetranslation must be made To accurately and faithfully communicate the author'sobjectives, original thoughts, and opinions in the translated version, the translatormust have high linguistic sensitivity as well as deep knowledge of the source andtarget languages

Translation is considered as a process and a product by Catford (1995:20), hedefined translation as the substitution of text in one language (SL) withequivalent text in another language (TL) With regard to being an activity, thisdefinition demonstrates that translation is a process performed by peoplethroughout time when complex phrases in a language are converted to simpler

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ones (Rewording and para-phrasing) Additionally, it is possible to translatewords from one language into another On the other hand, translation is a productsince, when the translated writings reach us, they provide us with othercivilizations, old societies, and civilized life (Yowell and Mutfah, 1999)

Similar definition is also mentioned by Larson (1984: 3) Translation,according to him, entails transferring the meaning of the source language into thetarget language This is accomplished by using semantic structure to transitionfrom a first language's form to a second language's form It is meaning that isbeing transferred, and this meaning must be maintained Just the format varies

Steiner and Meschonnic view that translation as a particularly consistentillustration of human awareness in the process of understanding throughhermeneutic investigation in Hewson (1991:9) Hermeneutic translation is theprocess of encountering a discrepancy between two cultural expressions thatsimultaneously prompts the translators to reflect on their own perspectives andabsorb those that they discovers to be differed to himself

It follows from the aforementioned ideas that translating entails the process

of conveying meaning from the source text to the target text Finding thecorresponding meaning of the source language statement in the target language isthe goal of translation In translation, meaning is crucial and must be maintained

A literary work is also transformed into a new literary work in a differentlanguage when it is translated A translation novel is one that retains the spirit ofthe original text despite using a different language than the original It also elicitsthe same response from readers in both languages

2.1.2 Translation methods

Newmark,Peter (1988) discuss the difference between translation methodsand translation procedures He said that, " While translation methods deal withentire texts, translation procedures deal with sentences and smaller pieces oflanguage." He then goes on to mention the following translation methods:

Equivalence Techniques methodThe equivalent translation will be used in cases when two languages depict thesimilarity of the situation but have different stylistic or structural means That is,when the translators does their job, they will need to add extra words to thestatement or choose a limited number of terms with the same meaning to matchthe translation versions It is only because of this pairing that the method can lead

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to "strange" stories happening, causing some kind of misunderstanding orconfusion Sometimes it even creates humor, but the basics remain the sameabout the word order as well as the grammar of the original language unchanged.For example:

“Ouch” - ối

“Của rẻ là của ôi” - The dearest is the cheapest.

Literal Technique methodLiteral Technique translation method means that the translator will not make toobig changes in thinking about words or sentences in the original language, thefocus of the method is on how the translator can translate most accuratelyaccording to the original text Because of that, this method is sometimesdifficult due to differences in grammar, syntax of words and idioms of Englishwith a number of different original languages

Because this method of English translation helps readers have the most directview and sometimes requires the translator to need interlanguage The texttranslator will not only be a carrier of the message, but also take the role of thereader of the target text to understand it Therefore, the most effective method iswhen applied to languages with the same genealogy and cultural similarities

For example:

“She is deaf to all his advice’’ : cô ta lờ đi tất cả lời khuyên của anh ấy đưa ra.”

Adaption technique method

If you want to make your translation more complete and easy to understand forlearners, you should follow this method of escape translation Pay specialattention to areas such as marketing, slogans, advertising or product names, will often be used a lot compared to other industries Because for thosetranslations, when applied to marketing strategies, it will be more towards a morecreative style From that document, it convinces the reader to take an interest inusing the product, buying or selling a certain product Once the translation ismade more attractive, the creativity in it will always be high Or simply, throughthe form of rewriting the original text in this new translated language, it is alsoapplied to the translation of poetry, songs or plays

For example :

The film is beyond any words “° : Day là bộ phim không thé chê vào đâu được

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Modulation Technique methodModulation is a method of creating a translation that has a consistent change inthe message, a change in perspective, or you see a certain issue from a differentperspective This variable method is used appropriately when translating textverbatim or transposition to get a grammatically correct sentence without losingthe naturalness of the translated language Modulation method is also the bestway to help translators specifically distinguish between optional free modulationand forced fixed modulation

For example:

“the time, when” replaced as “That, The Moment”

“It is not difficult to show" replaced as "It is easy to show” :khó có thé diễn dat

được.

Transposition Technique methodWord conversion means that the translator will replace a word of this type withanother word, but does not replace the synonym of the message to be conveyed.Note that the most dominant mode of conversion of this type of word usuallydoes not occur only between the two types of verbs and nouns, becausesometimes it also occurs between different types of words themselves

to reach the target text This method is used most often when applied to caseswith the purpose of filling some semantic gap More specifically, for a newtechnique where the concept is not exactly known, the borrowed method will beused and it is simpler to translate this concept compared to other methods

For example:

“Email’’ and ‘’Internet”’

“canteen” and “căng tin”

Calque Technique method

In fact, copying is also a borrowed translation method, but it will be more specialwith the usual Borrowing Technique method When used in this method, the

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entire syntax is borrowed for interpretation, which will help the separatecomponents to be translated more literally without being too comprehensive.Furthermore, with transcription translation, translators will often tend to create anew word in the target language while the meaning of the structure of the sourcelanguage remains the same

For example: “Heavy industry” :công nghiệp nang

“showroom” :phong trung bay

There arre many different types of translation methods, , However, it can beclassified into seven popular methods of translation above which are most usedand the translators can apply easily

2.1.3 Types of translation

Catford (1965) classifies translation according to its breadth, depth, and rank Hedivides translation into complete and partial translation depending on the extent.There are total and limited translation on the levels of translation, and rank boundand unbounded translation on the ranks In a full translation, the entire text is putthrough the translation process, meaning that all of the text from the sourcelanguage is replaced with text from the target language.Whereas in a partialtranslation , some of the text in the original language untranslated They aremerely translated into the text of the target language

According to Brislins perspective on the classification of translation( Choliludin, 2006), translation can be divided into the following typesdepending on the purpose of translation

a Pragmatic Translation

It is the translation of a message with an emphasis on the correctness of theinformation intended to be transmitted in the source language form It isuninterested in any other characteristics of the original language version

b Aesthetic-poetic Translation

This relates to translation in which the translator considers the affect, emotion,and feelings of an original agnate version, the original author's artistic form, aswell as any information in the message Translations of sonnets, rhymes, heroiccouplets, dramatic dialogues, and novels are examples of this style

c Ethnographic Translation

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The goal of ethnographic translation is to explain the cultural context of thesource and target language versions Translators must be alert to how words areused and understand how words fit into cultures

d Linguistic Translation

This is concerned with the comparable meanings of the source language'sconstituent morphemes and grammatical form The language in a computerprogram and machine translation are two examples

According to Brislin, there are two sorts of translation dependent on the type ofcontent to be translated: factual translations and literary translations Factualtranslation refers to translating to express information precisely, withoutincorporating the translator's emotions or feelings, but only based on factualfacts, such as translating scientific disciplines, reports, newspapers, and so on.Literary translation is the translation of works of art This type of translationinvolves the translator's emotion or feeling and is often subjective, as in thetranslation of poems, theatre, novels, and so on

Larson (1984: 15) distinguishes two forms of translation: form-basedtranslation and meaning-based translation Form-based translation, often known

as literal translation, seeks to follow the form of the Source Language, whereasmeaning-based translation strives to transfer the meaning of the SL text in thereceptor language's natural forms Idiomatic translation is the term for this style

of translation According to Larson (1984: 16), idiomatic translations exploit thenatural forms of the receptor language in both grammatical constructions andlexical item selection A really idiomatic translation does not sound like one Itappears to have been written in the receptor language at first As a result, aprofessional translator will attempt idiomatic interpretation However, it isdifficult to consistently translate idiomatically or literally These translations arefrequently a blend of literal and colloquial language Then translation falls on acontinuum from very literal, to literal, to modified literal, to near idiomatic, toidiomatic, and may fall even further on the overly free, as shown below

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VETY modified inconsistent fear unduly

literal literal literal mix ture idomatic idiomatic free

INTERPRETER’S

GOAL

(note: the word tra@aslatr's is replaced with fuerpreter 5)

(Larson 1984 p.17)Figure 2.1 Translation as a continuum by Larson (1984: 17)

Translation are categorized into diverse groups and many linguists orresearchers have been trying to classify and confine a certain number oftranslation based on different perspectives and research methods

2.1.4.The importance of translation

We will never know how many languages exist today in the world, let alonehow many languages have existed throughout human history, even with the mostmodern and sophisticated communication technology According to somesources, the world possesses two or three thousand languages, while otherssuggest that the number might be as high as eight thousand What a habit ofman's to converse in multiple languages! As a result, he creates obstacles anddifficulties for himself

Because communication within a single community is limited, there arecertain to be situations where some people are unable to understand the words orexpressions of others This phenomenon provides a barrier to understandingwhen man attempts to communicate across a huge distance of space or over along period of time To circumvent this constraint, something must be done.Individuals who are fluent in a foreign language can circumvent the ban This,however, is not the final solution because no one person appears to be fluent inall of the languages in use Even if the best polyglot only understands abouttwenty-five languages, people still want to read what others write and say.Translation and interpreting may be regarded as the most widely acceptedmethod of overcoming the problem As a result, experienced translators andinterpreters are in high demand (Nababan, M.R 2003)

Translation, according to Stuart, is the result of language learning projectedonto an interlanguage framework As a result, translation skills should be

lãi

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evaluated in relation to the state of the learner's interlanguage at any level ofdevelopment (Stuart Campbell, 1980)

Translation is a normal, everyday action that is becoming increasingly crucial

in today's globalized world Many students, whether in their own country orabroad, must interpret language on a regular basis, both casually andprofessionally This is especially important considering the growing importance

of online information Translation can aid in the writing process, especially at thelower levels Acording to (Stuart Campbell, 1980) “ Learners tend to be able toobtain more information in their original language, which they can thentranslate”

Most the researchers completely support the arguments presented above.Translation becomes required and significant when the human language appears.When all countries throughout the world communicate and work in sectors such

as culture, education, business, and so on, translation becomes increasinglyimportant The emergence of a common language is essential to meet the needs

of the multilingual world's progress English is currently widely used as theuniversal language around the world English is becoming more important in ourcountry's economic life Contracts, communications, agreements, andconventions, for example, are all written in English and must be adequatelytranslated when our government engages with international investors As a result,the significance of translation was linked to every aspect of society

2.1.5 The Problem in Translation Process

There are bound to be numerous barriers or problems encountered by thetranslator during the translation process According to Mathiew (2015), there aresix translator issues that translators face The first is the lexical seminal problem

of analyzing the meaning of every vocabulary element in a language as astandalone unit, regardless of its position in sentence arrangement The wordcontext is still difficult to understand The second issue is one of grammar Manytranslators who frequently make grammar errors do so through both deliberateand unconscious usage of suitable grammar contexts The third is a syntacticproblem, which is concerned with the principles and procedures for creatingsentences in natural language The fourth is a rhetorical difficulty, which is aform of language style Rhetorical is the master of inquiries that don't really need

to be answered Because the statement is not direct, many translators continue to

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misinterpret every sentence in rhetorical form The fifth is a pragmatic problem,which is the problem of sentence position, and the last is a cultural problem Atranslator must sometimes have a good understanding of the language contextbased on culture, such as when using regional languages

2.2 Machine translation

2.2.1.The history/development of machine translation.

According to Bar Hillel (1960) "automated translation is a mix of humanand machine to translate from one language to another." According to Kiibler(2007), he generalizes the process of formation and growth of automatictranslation systems into four major stages:

- In the period of 50s-60s: Because of political and military reasons duringWWII, the first true automatic translation system was born in 1954, with 49phrases translated from English Russian to English translation But for a longperiod after then, there were few fresh advancements in this field according tothe ALPC report in 1966

- 1967-1976: Automatic translation was not created in the United States duringthis time period, but it was developed in Canada, Europe, and Japan, thecountries stated above At this moment, Canada's TAUM-meter system is a goodexample of the development of automatic translation (to translate meteorologicalevents) This is the premise for numerous initiatives, such as SYSTRAN (ofGrenoble, France), which was developed in 1976 and is still in use today Canmention Logos, METAL (a SYSTRAN-developed automatic translation system),GETA, EUROTA, and others

- The 80s: In this period, automatic translation made significant progress fromthis perio Other automatic translation systems based on artificial intelligence arebeing developed as a result of ongoing research in this field During this time,translation memory with much greater store capacity are built

- 90s to present: Automated translation systems began to flood the market andgradually evolved into an excellent translation support tool, particularly in thedisciplines of science and technology These systems are increasingly investing

in rich grammatical structures as well as vocabulary Nowadays, the major types

of automatic translation are statistical or based on sample cases (However, BarHillel (1960) refered that “experimental automatic translation exists in addition

to automatic translation based on statistics”.)

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Nowadays, Automatic translation can translate up to 200,000 words fromthe source language to the target language (Boilet, 2007) It is apparent thatmachine translation is rapidly evolving

2.2.2 Google Translate

Google Translate (GT) is a machine translation (MT) service provided byGoogle that translates numerous languages throughout the world According toBahri and Mahadi (2016), Google Translate is a free machine translation serviceprovided by Google that is used to translate text from one language to another.According to Boitet, Herve, Mark, and Valérie et al (2009), Google Translate is

a Google-created automatic machine translation This machine can help in theprocess of translating a source language into a target language According to theabove definition, GT is one of the automatic machine translation services offered

by Google Company to deliver translation services from source languages todestination languages

Google Translate is a foreign language translating system designed byGoogle for internet users with the goal of making foreign languages easy tograsp According to the Google Translate Community, GT is an open onlinegroup founded by Google to help improve their software, with over three millionmembers and more than 90 million translations changed and enhanced (Google,2016) As a result, there are many Google Translate users and translators who areeager to help their users

2.2.3 Google translation process

When translating a text, based on the translator's purpose, according toLarson (1984: 3) , he refered that google translation process is anidiomatic translation in which they make every attempt to express their meaning

of the SL text into the natural forms of the recipient language Furthermore, heclaims that translation is concerned with the analysis of the vocabulary,grammatical structure, communicative setting, and cultural context of the SL text

in order to identify its meaning The discovered meaning is subsequently expressed or rebuilt utilizing the receptor language's and cultural context'svocabulary and grammatical structure Larson depicts the translation process inthe diagram below

re-14

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SOURCE LANGUAGE RECEPTOR LANGUAGE

Figure 2.2.Translation process by Larson ( 1984:4)

In additon, Nida and Taber (1982: 33) also classified translation process intothree stages: (1) analysis, in which the surface structure is analyzed in terms of(a) grammatical relationships and (b) the meaning of words and wordcombinations, (2) transfer, in which the analyzed material is transferred fromlanguage A to language B in the translator's mind, and (3) restructuring, in whichthe transferred material is restructured to make the final message fully acceptable

in the receptor language The translation process is depicted in the diagrambelow

Figure 3 Tronslition process hy Nida and Taber (1985: 33)

Figure 2.3 Translation process by Nida and Taber (1982: 33)There are many researchs and perpectives are mentioned , it can be noticedthat the translation process is transfer from the source language to targetlanguage through many steps that are operated by google translate

2.2.4 The Strategies of Using Google Translate

The usage of GT in the learning process can be utilized as a tool to increaseEnglish learning ability However, the GT translation could not be utilized as a

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reliable reference because it is machine translation that is grammatically incorrectand cannot be compared to the outcomes of human translation As a result,teachers’ roles in understanding the usage of GT and teaching students aboutwhat principles they should follow while using GT in terms of first grammar andsecond language to develop students’ skills in their native language and foreignlanguages are critical (Alley, 2015)

Furthermore, Zanettin (2009) states that if students were aware of theinadequacies of the Google Translation results, they tended to closely evaluatethe translation to assure the quality of the GT output The metacognitiveperspective method is vital for students if they want to be successful in using GT

in the learning process with the goal of monitoring learning outcomes using GT.According to Pritchard (2008), using metacognitive methods and criticallychecking the output of translations can lead to enhanced language proficiency

According to Gracia (2010), the three tactics for adopting GT are first editing, which ensures that the first language is effective in terms of grammarbefore being translated into the target language The second step is post-editing,which involves revising the GT translation results by ensuring that the targetlanguage context matches the first language The third is selective use, which isthe selection of words that are appropriate for the context of the writing All threehave been shown to improve students’ grasp of reading and writing during thelearning process

pre-2.2.5 The Problem of Using Google Translate

According to Pujiati (2017), based on a survey, there are three issues thatstudents have when using the Google Translate program First, because GoogleTranslate frequently translates word for word, students are frequently misled bythe translation results Second, there are structural differences between Englishgrammar and Indonesian grammar These two languages have differinggrammatical patterns, which might be challenging for students who do not graspthe two languages Third, students frequently do not hunt for the exactcounterpart in the target language, resulting in ambiguous and unclear meaning

2.2.6 The relationship between translation and google translation

Translation is defined as the act of mediating meaning from a source languageinto a target language (Zanettin, F (2009) Furthermore, translation is a process

of transferring meaning from source language to receptor language on a

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structurally simple level, which 1s done stylistically and semantically to meet theequivalent expression in the receptor language (Shaheen, 1991) In general,translation entails duplicating the most natural, close equivalent of words from asource language to a target or receptor language while keeping the originalmeaning and style in mind Taking this definition into account, the mostimportant aspect of translation is transferring the same meaning from the sourcelanguage or the original text into the target language while constantly changingthe style to the current target language so that the result is accurate as well asnatural As a result, the three characteristics of source language text, targetlanguage text, and meaning are interwoven in the translation process In general,the translation process consists of numerous steps They are assessing the sourcetext, transferring its meaning into the target text, and finally restructuring the textinto the target language based on its modification The translation process isdepicted in figure 1, as adopted from Nida and Taber (Nida & Taber, 1969)

SOURCE LANGUAGE AECEPTOR LANGUAGE

TEXT TRANSLATION

ANALYSIS RESTRUCTURING

| TRANSFER |

Figure 2.4 The Strategies of Using Google Translate (Nida and Taber ,1969)

Furthermore, another stage that is supposed to be performed in a deepertranslation process is testing the translation result Testing the translation result isimportant in order to ensure that the translation result is accurate in meaning andstyle Testing or re-analyzing the translation result is important since getting themeaning that is exactly the same as source language terms is tough This is owing

to the fact that both languages use distinct systems Furthermore, a translatortechnique in delivering translation becomes one of the most important factorsinfluencing what equivalent word is used The tendency of a translator to useforeignization and domestication in translating specific texts has a substantialimpact on the final text (Tuckman, Bruce W (1972)

Equivalence is a condition in which the words used in the target languageaccurately represent the meaning of the terms used in the source language

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Equivalence is not the same as exact meaning, but it is the best substitute for thetranslated words However, translation is not a straightforward operation that iscompleted once the equivalence is determined Every translation result must meetthe requirements of a good translation in order to be qualified The translationresult is excellent when it fits three criteria: correctness, clarity or readability,and naturalness (Murwantono, 2008) The meaning or idea of the sourcelanguage text is translated and reproduced as accurately as feasible into the targetlanguage text When the meaning of the source language text is given properly,easily, and completely understandable by the intended target language textsubject, translation is obvious This is frequently referred to as communicativetranslation Finally, translation is natural when the style or form utilized in thetarget language text is as natural and seamless as feasible while being relevant tothe source content This topic considers the role of equivalency

Actually, addressing these ideal translation needs is a difficult task for atranslator As a result, translation may take some time to complete However, due

to the high need for translation, technologies that can aid human translation arebeing developed The technology is expected to ease and simplify the translationprocess Machine Translation is the name given to the most recent translationtechnology (MT, here after) MT is a subset of computational linguistics thatemploys specialized software to translate text from one language to another (AI-Tuwayrish, 2015) Using MT entails delegating the translation task to a machineFor years, MT has gained popularity as processing power, linguistic data, and thegrowing need for automation have increased Previously, sets of linguistic ruleswere manually inserted by linguists and translators for each language pair(Doherty, 2016) Because of the availability of human translation data, thistranslation machine produces a new kind of translation output, which influencesthe current translation trend The rising need for translation in any industry as aresult of trading, globalization of communication, global business, and so ondrives the advancement of machine translation Actually, the general role ofmachine translation is to assist, and possibly completely assist, human translation

in providing the target language content to match the ideal translation In thisregard, MT is of considerable assistance because it provides a technologicaltouch that is supposed to ease, simplify, and minimize the cost of translation.However, when MT is used as a full translator, it has a tough time modifying

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meaning and determining equivalence because human language is a complicatedsystem with many facets (Azer, 2015) Several prior studies on evaluations ofmachine translation have demonstrated that it is not as accurate as humantranslation (Al-Tuwayrish, 2015; Azer, 2015; Kadhim, Habeeb, Sapar, Hussin, &Abdullah, 2013) However, several studies have shown that MT translationresults are valuable, particularly as a first assist in foreign language learning (Lin

& Chien, 2009) This contentious circumstance implies that a more in-depthexamination of the usage of MT is still required This is also corroborated by thecurrent scenario, in which the use of MT has recently increased dramatically, asevidenced by the rapid use of various applications that provide instanttranslation The advancement of the internet has a significant impact on thegrowth of MT Google Translate is one of the most developed machinetranslations of all time, and it is now known as the most popular machinetranslation since people prefer looking for it rather than the actual humantranslation (Bahri, 2016) It shown that machine translation plays an importantrole in the field of translation

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Tiêu đề	Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Google Translate in English-Vietnamese Translation Process
Tác giả	Nguyễn Thị Diễm Lộc
Người hướng dẫn	Le Thuy Linh, MA
Trường học	National Economics University
Chuyên ngành	Business English
Thể loại	Graduation Project
Năm xuất bản	2022
Thành phố	Hanoi

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Số trang	53
Dung lượng	11,84 MB